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________________ 103 jaina rAsAe 8 jaina rAsAo. (lekhaka:-rA. 2. gAMdhI vallabhadAsa tribhuvanadAsa.) aneka jaina kavioe aneka rAso lakhelA che. kavitAmAM lakhAyelA aneka mahApuruSonAM caritranA kathA rU5 graMthane mukhyatve rAsa evuM nAma ApavAmAM Ave che. AvA rAmAM nIti ane dharmanI judI judI vAto samajAvavA mATe unnata AtmAonAM jIvanacaritro ApavAmAM Avela hoya che. vaiSNava dharmamAM paNa keTalAka rAse te dharmanA mahApuruSoe racyA che. jenA kavinA banAvelA rAsomAM jude jude sthaLe daSTi karatAM temAM navarayukta varNana Ave che. jaina zAse keTaleka sthaLe to rasa ane alaMkArathI chalakAI jAya che, teTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu rasanA AlaMbana, uddIpana, vagere vibhAvone jyAM je ghaTe te upayoga karI e varNana vAMcavAmAM AhalAda thAya tevAM rasabharita karyA che tethI ja AvI kRtine jaina kavioe rAsa evuM nAma Apela ucita che. kAvyano AtmA rasa che, jethI rasika kAvyane rAsa e nAma yogya rIte apAyela che. AvA rAsamAMthI jema keTaleka aMze jaina itihAsa dekhAya che tema junI gujarAtI bhASA te samaye kevI hatI tenuM paNa bhAna thAya che. vaLI sAhitya zabdane khare artha ApatI veLA eka saMskRta keSamAM dAkhalA tarIke "rasAlaMkArAdi" evuM lakhela jANavAmAM Avela che, to te artha lakSamAM rAkhavAthI spaSTa jaNAze ke, jaina kavitAone gujarAtI bhASAnuM sAhitya kahevuM e Avazyaka che kAraNuM sAhityane kharo artha temAM sArthaka thAya che. jaina rAsonI kavitA hAlanA kavionI peThe vRtta ke chaMdamAM lakhavAmAM Avela nathI, paraMtu amuka rAga, meLa ane tAla sahita gavAya ane temAM koI rAga rAgiNInI chAyA Ave evI dezIo DhALa, garabIo, vageremAM racAyela che. kavi zrI premAnaMde jema kaDavAM ane zrIyuta dayArAmabhAIe mIThAM ema pitAne kavitAnA graMthamAM lakhyuM che tema jaina kavioe dezIonuM nAma ApI upara DhALa pahelI DhALa bIjI ema lakhela che. ane kavi premAnaMdanI kavitAmAM jema valaNa Ave che tema jaina kavi racita rAsAomAM DhALanI pUve dUhA-deharA ke soraThI deharA Apela hoya che. jaina viracita rAsAomAM prathama maMgaLAcaraNamAM jinendraprabhu-devanI stuti, pachI pitAnA guru ane sarasvatI devanI stuti karelI hoya che, tyAra bAda kayA puruSa mATe ane dharmanA kayA svarUpa upara rAsa lakhe che te jaNAvavAmAM Ave che. dareka rAsamAM chevaTe prazasti-racanAra mahA puruSanuM nAma, racavAne samaya, sthaLa (gAma, saMvata, mAsa vAra vagere) temaja potAnA gurunI paraMparA-peDhInAmuM ApavAmAM AvatuM hovAthI te aitihAsika sAhityanuM aMga paNa bane che ane tethI tene sahAyarUpa che. musalamAnI rAjyanA AraMbhane kALa gujarAtamAM aMdhAdhuMdhIne ane trAsano temaja keTaleka aMze hiMdu maMdiro, ane sAhityanA vidhvaMsane hate. AvA jalamavALA kALarAM
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________________ 104 jaina vibhAga ke saMskRta bhAgadhi-prAkRtAdi bhASAone abhyAsa karI uMcuM tattvajJAna meLave evI yojanA ke zAMti te vakhate nahatI, paraMtu dareka dharma pustakanA bhaMDAranuM rakSaNa karavuM muzkela thaI paDatuM hovAnA kAraNe te bhaMDAre mAMhenA pustakone vinAza thavAnA bhaye saMtADI mukavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. tevA saMgamAM temaja prAkRta ane saMskRta bhASAnA ajJa mATe-sAmAnya manuSyo mATe, te vakhatanA lokenI abhiruci upara lakSa ApI AvA raso racavAmAM Avela che. AvA trAsanA vakhatamAM paNa jaina mahAtmAo, dharmaguruo jAgrata hatA. AvA rAsanI racanA jaina dharmanA Agama-sUtro uparathI ja lIdhelI che te niHsaMdeha vAta che. sAmAnya manuSya prAkRta saMskRta bhASAnuM jJAna meLavI dharmabodha laI zake ema na hovAthI te kALamAM cAlatI sarala-gujarAtI bhASAmAM kAvyarUpe tevA manuSyo dharmabedha pAmI zake, saralatAthI samajI zake evI sva-parahita buddhithI saMsArathI tyAgI thayelA, saMyamI mahAna puruSoe Agama-sUtro-saMskRta kAvyomAMnI AkhyAyikAone rAsarUpe dezI bhASAmAM utArI racanA karI. muMbaI yunivarasITinI ema. e. nI parIkSAmAM gujarAtI bhASA laIne pAsa thanArane paMDita varya zrI nemavijayajI racita je zIlavatIne rAsa vAMcavo paDe che te rAsa vaDodarA taraphathI prAcIna kAvyamALAnA aMkamAM vivecana sahita prakaTa thayela che, temAM rA. bA. zrIyuta haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALAe jaNAvela che ke "rAsAne sAmAnya artha kahANI thAya che. te uparathI AvA kathAnA graMthone rAsa kahevAne paricaya paDyo haze. rAsAmAM kathelI kathAo kavi kalpita haze ke mULa temAM kAMI satya heI kavinI kalpanAe vadhAro karyo haze te vize ahIM vivecana karatA nathI, paraMtu A kathAe ghaNI rasabhArata ane manoraMjaka heya che emAM to saMzaya nathI. amArA jovAmAM je je rAsAo AvyA che te saghaLAmAM eka vAta ame sAmAnya rIte joI che ke, te badhAmAM adabhuta vArtA sarvoparI hoya che. zretAnA manane camatkAra utpana karavA mATe kavioe te kALamAM lokazraddhAne anusarIne evAM abhuta kathana temAM dAkhala karyo haze ema samajAya che. maMtrasiddhi, suvarNa siddhi ratnAdikanA camatkArI guNe, bhuta pretAdinI adbhuta kriyAo, AkAzagamana, vRkSAdinuM eka ThAmathI bIje ThAma uDI javuM ityAdi aneka kathAo evA rAsAomAM varNavelI hoya che......dharma ane sunItine ke gADha saMbaMdha che te jaina kavionA lakhAyelA rAsAo uparathI spaSTa mAlama paDI Ave che." upara pramANe rA. bA. zrIyuta kAMTAvALAe jaina rAsonA saMbaMdhamAM temAMnI kathA. rasabharita ane manoraMjaka hoya che ema je kahyuM che te amArA abhiprAyane maLatuM che. paraMtu te kalpita che ke kAMI satyatAvALI che temAM teozrI zaMkAzIla athavA te satya che ja ema je zraddhApUrvaka mAnatA nathI te saMbaMdhamAM amAre jaNAvavuM asthAne nathI ke jema mImAMsaka darzananA mukhya zAstra IzvarapraNita hoI te ke temAM Avela kathAo satya ja hoI zake, tema jaina dharmanAM mULa sUtre Agamo ke je temanA IzvaraNitatarthaMkara bhagavAne prarUpelA che temAM Avela viSayo ke kyA satya ja hoI zake, tethI ame upara jaNAvela che tema A jaina rAso te AgamAMthI uddharela hovAthI te
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________________ jaina rAsAe 105 mAMhenI vAta A rAsomAM padya rUpe jaNAvela hovAthI te kalpita ke apUrNa satya nathI paraMtu kharekhara banelI hakIkatane jaina kavioe AkarSaka ghaTanAmAM goThavelI che. jaina kavioe jema jaina rAso gujarAtI bhASAmAM banAvyA che tema gujarAtI bhASAmAM stavane, stutio ane sajajhAye-sAmAjika sarvamAnya-upadezaka pade paNa banAvelAM che. hAlamAM jANavA pramANe gujarAtI bhASAmAM aMkita thaelA tevA rAso sumAre paNa cAraseM te hAtha AvyA che, chatAM hajI bIjA rAsa paNa bhaMDAromAM paDelA hoya ane prasiddhimAM na AvyA hoya tema banavA joga che. A badhA rAsa prakaTa thAya to aneka kAvyadehananAM pustake thAya ! ! ! jaina dharmamAM pravetAMbarI ane digaMbarI ema be mukhya bhede che. zvetAMbarImAM mUrtipUjaka ane sthAnakavAsI ema bhede che. sthAnakavAsI mUrtine mAnatA nathI. zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka jaina mahAtmAonI kRtinA ghaNA rAse che, jyAre sthAnakavAsI jaina mahAtmAnA AMgaLInA Terave gaNAya teTalA ja rAse che. sthAnakavAsI jaina dharmaguruo dharmasiMhajI, dharmadAsajI, eDIdAsajI, jemalajI RSi, tilaka RSi, jeThamalajI ane hamaNuM thai gayelA zrI umedacaMdrajI ItyAdi munioe ja mAtra rAso vagere lakhI gujarAtI sAhityavRddhinI dizAmAM kaMika prayatna karyo che. kavitA jevI cIja sArA rAgamAM gavAtAM ghaNuM jIvone priya thaI paDe che. gAyanathI manuSyo tema ja pazuonuM paNa cita laya pAme che, jethI kavitA tarapha ruci karAvI lone nItinA raste doravAnuM kArya AvA manoraMjaka rasabhaktivALA rAso vaDe gujarAtI bhASAmAM jana mahAtmAoe karela che tema ceksa jaNAya che. zAstronA vAcananuM kAma bALa jIvone mATe kaThina hovAthI AvA rAsa vAMcavAthI te vadhAre priya thaI paDatAM jaladI bedha pAmI zake che. keTalAka rAso vAMcatAM tenA racanAra mahApuruSoe tarka ane kavitvazakitane eTalI badhI sarANe caDAvI hoya che ke te vAMcatAM te puruSonA buddhibaLanI prazaMsA svAbhAvika rIte ApaNAthI thaI jAya che. dareka rAtamAM mukhya pAtre saMsArane tyAgI svarga ke mokSasukhanI prApti karyAnuM jaNAya che ke je dareka jIvane aMte meLavyA sivAya chuTa nathI. mekSagAmI ucca pAtrane ja kavizrI mULa graMthomAMthI mukhya pAtra tarIke rAsamAM pasaMda kare che ane kharekharA saddavartanazALI ucca keTInA pAtrane janasamUha AgaLa khaDA karI tenA jIvanavRttAMtathI zretAonevAcakene saguNazAlI banAve che. AtmAne mokSa prApta karAvavAne mahApuruSone-kavione A zrama stutipAtra AvakAradAyaka ane upakAraka che jaina kavionA banAvelA aneka rAsomAMthI keTalAka jevA ke vimalamaMtrIzvarane rAsa-kumArapALane rAsa vagere vAMcavAthI keTaluMka aitihAsika jJAna paNa ApavAne yogya prayatna thayo che, eTale jaina mahAtmAnA rasamAM mAtra kavitA, ane jIvanavRtAMta che teTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu aitihAsika sAhitya paNa AveluM che. AnI sAthe zuddha vyavahAranuM jJAna,
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________________ 106 je vibhAga keTaleka sthaLe tiSa tathA sAmudrika zAstranuM jJAna paNa kiMcitakiMcita jaNAya che. vaLI jana dharmanA bAvIsamA jainezvara zrI neminAthanA je bhAI thatA hatA te mahAtmA zrIkRSNa ja. yAdavo vagere paNa jaina dhama hatA. valabhIpuranA rAjA zilAdityanA darabAramAM jaina mahAtmAo dharma saMbaMdhI saMvAda lokabhASAmAM karatA hatA. vanarAja cAvaDAthI mAMDIne vizaLadeva vAghelA ane rAjA kumArapALa sudhI je ItihAsa tapAsIe to temAM paNa jaina munio ane jaina maMtrIo darzana detA jaNAya che. jenA saMpUrNa udayakALamAM bIjA mahApuruSe bIjAo tarapha udAra bhAvathI vartatA hatA, ema gujarAtane jainene ItihAsa ane AvA gujarAtI rAso tapAsatAM jaNAya che teTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu jema jaina munioe rAse, kAvya, itihAsa ane upadezagraMtho lakhI gujarAtI sAhityanI vRddhi karI che tema jaina gRhastha vastupALa jevA amAtyo vageree paNa kAvya vagere lakhI sAhityamAM abhivRddhi karI che jethI jaina dharmane itihAsa tapAsatAM ema jaNAya che ke gujarAtI sAhityanI vRddhi mATe ane dharmanItinA siddhAMtonA janasamAjamAM prasAra mATe jaina kavivarae asAdhAraNa zrama laI bI jAo mATe anukaraNIya dRSTAMta mUkyuM che. A prakAranuM je jaina sAhitya hajI paNa aprakaTa avasthAmAM pramAda ane udhaine laIne nAza pAme che tene jaladI bahAra lAvavuM joIe. atyAranA brITIza rAjyamAM te saMrakSita hovAthI tene prakaTa karavAnuM kArya jainadarzananA zrImAne jaladI mukhyatve hAtha dharaze ane gujarAtI sAhityamAM pitAne phALo ApI temAM abhivRddhi karaze ema ame namra bhAve sucavIe chIe. upara jaNAvela rAsAe dharmasthAnamAM Aje paNa mAsAmAM nivRttinA divasomAM tema ja keTaleka sthaLe unALAnA lAMbA divasomAM paNa beparanA vakhate dharmaguruo ane jANakAra gRhastho vAMce che ne aneka zretAo zravaNa kare che. jenazA-Agame vAMcavA vicAravA ke samajavAnuM sAmAnya jIvo mATe muzkela hovAthI sarvanA lAbha mATe dharma-nItinuM sarala rIte zikSaNa ApanArA AvA rAso dezabhASAmAM racanArA mAhapue chellAM cArase pAMcaseM varSane bhUtakALa tapAsatAM janasamUha upara mahad upakAra karyo che ema sahaja kabula karavuM paDe che. gurjarI bhASAnA pradezamAM jaina kavio sArI rIte dIpI nIkaLyA che. AvA rAsamAM AvelI temanI kavitAoe aneka raMga dekhADyA che. aneka dAkhalA, daSTAMta, upanaye ApI dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAvanA, ahiMsA, satya, brahmacarya, sarva jIva pratye maitrI, karuNuM, prameda ane mAdhyasthapaNuM vagere bAbatono mahimA batAvavA jaina kavizrIoe sAce zrama lIdhe cheamuka devanuM, amuka dhAmanuM ke amuka avatAranuM ja varNana mAtra laI te mATe rAso banAvyA che ema nathI, paraMtu dharmanItinA siddhAMto tarapha ja janasamUhane vALI zakAya tevAM pAtro Agama-mULa sUtromAMthI pasaMda karI temanAM varNane banAvavAno prayana A rAsomAM karavAmAM Avyo che. gautama svAmIjIne rAsa ke je te ja vyakti mATe lakhAyela che tevA dAkhalAo juja che. keI paNa mahAzaye jaina gujarAtI sAhityane atyAra sudhI purato insApha Apyo nathI tethI te tarapha janasamAjanuM lakSa joIe tevuM kheMcAyuM nathI. jaina kavitAo gujarAtI bhASA gujarAtamAM janma pAmyAnuM batAvI
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________________ jaina rAmAo 107 Ape che. te bhASAnI kavitAmAM savi, nayarI vagere junI gujarAtI bhASAnA zabdone upayoga thayelo hovAthI gujarAtI bhASAnA sAhityamAMthI tene gauNa karavAnuM koI paNa rIte vyAjabI nathI. jo ke ApaNuM A gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanuM lakSa tenA upara keTalAka vakhatathI gayela hovAthI jaina sAhitya gujarAtI sAhityamAM paNa mahera phALo Apyo che ema have keTalAka sAhityapremI sAkSara baMdhuone jaNAyuM che te khuzI thavA jevuM che. hAlamAM mAtra gujarAtI pAMca gheraNa bhaNI igrejI skulo ane AgaLa kolejamAM dAkhala thai aneka upAdhi meLavanAra keTalAka gujarAtI baMdhuo kahe che ke hAlanA vidvAnonI saMskRtamaya gujarAtI bhASA amArAthI samajAtI nathI, teTalA uparathI tevA vidvAnI tevI kRtiothI dUra rahevAya nahIM, te pachI jenonI gujarAtI bhASAne paNa gujarAtI bhASAsAhityanuM aMga na kahevuM ema bane ja nahIM. prathamathI ja jaina sAhitya tarapha bedarakArI batAvavAmAM AvI na hota, to gujarAtI sAhityane paripuSTa thavAnI sArI jogavAI kyAranIe maLI gaI heta, jo ke AmAM keTaleka aMze jene kema paNa pitAnA tevA pramAda mATe ThapakApAtra che. keTalAka vidvAna kahe che ke jana gadha, padya sAhitya te mAtra temanA dharmane lagatuM hevAthI bhASAnA abhyAsIonuM lakSa tenA tarapha kheMcAyuM nathI. amo te nA kahIe chIe, ane sAthe namratApUrvaka puchavA mAgIye chIye ke zuM narasiMha mahetAnI ke zuM premAnaMdanI ke zuM dayArAmabhAI ke bhAlaNa kavinI ke bIjA koI gujarAtI kavinI kavitAo dharma sivAya bIjA viSayanI che ? eka sAmaLabhaTTa sivAya bIjA junA kavionI kavitA pitAnA dharmane lagatI ja che. potapotAnA aneka dharmane lagatI kavitAone gujarAtI bhASAnA sAhityamAM sthAna maLe te pachI jaina kavionI kavitAone paNa gujarAtI bhASA sAhityamAM sthAna maLavuM ja joIe. ghaNuM kharuM saMskRta kavionuM anukaraNa karI asalanA gujarAtI kavie potAnI kavitAo racI gayA che ane temAM ghaNo bhAga dharma saMbaMdhI che. ApaNA bhAratavarSamAM dharmabhAvanuM, AtmavAdanuM prAbalya hovAthI jeo dharma saMbaMdhI kavitA lakhe che, te ja kavitA, kathA ke rAsa A dezanI prajAne pachI te pote game te dharma mAnatI hoya tene priya tathA pUjya thaI paDe che ane teo paraMparAe amara thAya che. jethI ATalI hakIkata spaSTa samajAze ke dharma viSaye lakhAyelI kavitAo-rAsAe paNa gujarAtI sAhityamAMthI bAtala karI zakAya nahi kAraNa te paNa gujarAtI sAhityamAM amuka sthAna bhegave che ane gujarAtI sAhityanI abhivRddhinA aMgo paikInuM eka mukhya aMga che.