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________________ jaina gaNita kA RSabhakumAra muraDiyA ke abhAva te mUla grantha yA saMskRta TIkA viSai praveza na karahuM tina ema0e0 (darzana zAstra, arthazAstra, itihAsa)bI0 eDa0) bhavya jIvana kAje ina grantha kI racanA karI hai|'' arthAt gaNita evaM gaNitIya prakriyAoM ko samyaka rUpa se samajhe binA mUla granthoM evaM AgamoM kI viSaya vastu ko ThIka prakAra se nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| jaina AgamoM meM 'lehAiyAo gaNiyappahANAo' arthAt bahattara kalAoM meM lekha evaM gaNita kA jJAna prathama mAnA hai| jaina dharma kI donoM hI paramparAoM meM gaNita kA ati viziSTa sthAna hai| digambara paramparA meM jahA~ karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga ke grantha gaNitajJoM ke lie rucikara haiM vahI zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhI gaNitAnuyoga evaM karaNAnuyoga ke grantha upayogI haiN| dharma granthoM meM nihita gaNitIya jJAna kI ora sarvaprathama zrI dhara jainAcArya dvArA praNIta trizatikA (pATI gaNita sAra) kA ajaina kRti ke rUpa meM prakAzana huaa| madrAsa sarakAra ne 1912 meM ema0 raMgAcArya dvArA gaNitasAra saMgraha kA prakAzana kiyA jise jaina saMprati gaNita athavA JAINA SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS kI saMjJA dI gii| jaina gaNita sAhitya evaM usakA gaNita zAstra meM yogadAna : jaina gaNita sAhitya meM mahAvIrAcAryakRta gaNitasAra saMgraha, gaNitazAstra meM yogadAna zrIdhara kRta pATIgaNita, rAjyAditya kRta vyavahAra gaNita, kSetra gaNita, jaina gaNita sUtrodAharaNa, siMha tilaka sUri kRta gaNita jaina darzana meM karma prakRtiyoM ke Azrava baMdha, saMvara evaM tilaka TIkA, Thakkarapheru kRta gaNita sAra kaumudI, mahimodaya kRta nirjarA ko samyak rUpa se samajhane, adhyAtma ke gUr3ha viSayoM ke gaNita sATha sau, hemarAjakRta gaNitasAra, Anandakavi kRta gaNita spaSTIkaraNa meM, loka svarUpa evaM usake AkAra prakAra tathA sAra saMgraha. gaNita vilAsa, gaNita kauSThaka ityAdi jaina gaNitIya ra kI jIva rAziyoM kI gaNanA evaM paraspara sambandha jJAna ke pramukha grantha haiN| ina sabhI gaNitIya granthoM ke gaNitIya jJAna ko spaSTa karane meM jaina gaNita kA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hai| dIkSA, kA upayoga Adhunika gaNita zAstra meM samAhita hai| jainAgamoM meM paMca kalyANaka pratiSThA ityAdi aneka dhArmika anuSThAnoM kI pUrti nihita samasta gaNitIya sAmagrI ko sthUla rUpa se do bhAgoM meM hetu zubha muhUrta kA cayana jyotiSa gaNita se kiyA jAtA hai| jaina vibhakta kiyA hai (1) laukika gaNita (2) alaukika gnnit| dArzanika viSayoM kI vyAkhyA meM samAhita gaNitIya jJAna vizeSata: laukika gaNita ke antargata sthAnIyamAna, paddhati, aMkoM ke karma siddhAnta kA gaNita adhika pariSkRta evaM upayogI hai| prakAra lekhana, mApana paddhatiyA~, aMkoM ke parikarma, vyavahAra, jainAgama gaNita :: eka vivecana jyAmitIya, kSetraphala ityAdi, bIjagaNita ghAtAMka siddhAnta, jaina dharma meM vibhinna jainAcAryoM, vidvAnoM tathA dArzanikoM ne / laghugaNika ityAdi gaNitIya sAmagrI AtI hai tathA lokottara jaina gaNita kI mahattA kI vivecanA prastuta kI gaNita ke antargata samuccaya siddhAnta, ekaikI saMgati, ananta "bahubhirvipralApaiH kiM trailokye sacarAcare, viSayaka gaNita karma evaM nikAya siddhAnta AtA hai| lokottara yatkiciMdvastu tatpasarvagaNitena, binA naahiN|" gaNita kI sAmagrI adhika sAmayika evaM gauravapUrNa hai| (gaNitasAra saMgraha) jaina Agama ke sthAnAMga sUtra (ThANA) ke adhyAya 10 meM arthAt gaNita ke samyaka jJAna ke binA jaina darzana ko bhalI 747 vI gAthA meM kahA haiprakAra AtmasAta hI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| ToDaramAla racita dasa vidhe saMkhANe paNatte taM jahA! grantha trilokasAra kI pUrva pIThikA meM likhA hai- "bahari je jIva parikammaM vavahAro rajju rAsI kalAsavane (kalAsabaNNe) y| saMskRtAdika ke jJAna sahita haiM kintu gaNitAmnAyAdika ke jJAna jAvAMtAvati vaggo ghano tataha vagga vaggo vikappo t| 0 aSTadazI / 1040
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________________ ke vyavahAra isa gAthA meM gaNita ke 10 prakAroM kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| vahI dasa prakAra kA vivecana Adhunika gaNita meM bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai vaha isa prakAra haikrama gaNitIya zabda abhayasurijI ma0 Adhunika gaNitIya pracalita zabda 1. parikamma saMkalana ityAdi aMka gaNita ke ATha mUlabhUta parikarma-saMkalana, vyavakalana, guNA, bhAga, varga, vargamUla ghana evaM ghanamUla 2. vyavahAroM zreNI vyavahAra, pATI gaNita zreNI vyavahAra, mithaka vyavahAra byAja, chAyA vyavahAra, ghAta vyavahAra evaM kaMkacikA vyavahAra 3 rajju samatala jyAmiti lokottara gaNita 4. rAsI annoM kI DherI samuccaya siddhAnta 5. kalAsavanne bhinna bhinnoM kA yoga, vyavakalana, guNA, bhAga 6. jAvat tAvat prAkRtika saMkhyAoM kA sarala samIkaraNa guNana evaM saMkalana 7. vaggo varga varga samIkaraNa (dvighAta samIrakaNa) 8. ghaNo ghana ghana samIkaraNa 9. vaggo vaggo caturtha ghAta ucca ghAtIya samIraNa 10. vikappo krakacikA vyavahAra vikalpa evaM bhaMga (kramacaya evaM saMcaya) uparokta tAlikA se spaSTa hai ki jaina Agama meM nihita gaNitIya viSayoM kI sUcI atyaMta vyApaka hai aura usameM gaNita kA bahuta bar3A kSetra samAhita hai| isI Agama gaNita ke siddhAntoM para hI hamArA Adhunika gaNita TikA huA hai| Adhunika gaNita ke samasta tathya Agama jaina gaNita ke hI tathya haiN| ata: AvazkayatA hai jaina gaNita se sambandhita granthoM evaM saMdarbho kA avilamba saMkalana kara gaNitajJoM, prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASAvidoM tathA jaina darzana ke marmajJa vidvAnoM dvArA unakA vizleSaNa kiyA jAya jisase jaina gaNitIya jJAna kA adhikAdhika upayoga Adhunika gaNita zAstra meM kiyA jA ske| isI se Adhunika gaNita ke jJAna ko saralatA kI ora agresita kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMdarbha sAhitya (1) gaNita sAra saMgraha lekhaka AcArya mahAvIra hindI anuvAda pro0 zrI lakSmIcanda jaina (2) katipaya ajJAta jaina gaNita lekhaka- zrI anupama jaina (3) 'praNAma' vizva kSitija para jaina gaNita lekhaka-zrI anupama jaina (4) jaina AgamoM meM nihita gaNitIya adhyayana ke viSaya lekhaka-zrI anupama jaina 0 aSTadazI / 1050