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________________ jaina dharma meM tapa kA mahatva dharma: maMgala mutkRSTaM, ahiMsA saMyama tapaH / devA api taM namasyanti, yasya dharme sadAmanaH // zramaNa sutta / dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai| ahiMsA saMyama aura tapa usake lakSaNa hai jo isa dharma meM lagA rahatA hai use devatA bhI namaskAra karate hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI ko bhI AcArya zaMyambhava ne inhIM zabdoM meM sUtra dazavaikAlika meM saMkalita kI hai / arthAta tapa kA usI prakAra mahatva hai jitanA ahiMsA evaM saMyama kA zrI cA~damala bAbela "tavasA ghuNai purANa pAvagaM" dazavaikAlika tapasyA dvArA prAcIna pApa naSTa kiye jAte hai / yadi tapa kA AcaraNa nahIM ho aura yatheccha khAnapAnAdi evaM zabdApi viSaya calate rahe to saMyama bhI surakSita nahIM raha sakatA / saMyama kI surakSA evaM vRddhi ke liye tapa rUpI kavaca prabala sAdhana hai| yaha tapa Atmazuddhi kA prabala sAdhana hai| isake dvArA AtmA prapaMca paMka se bAhara hokara sarvathA zuddha aura nirmala ho jAtA hai| Aja vizva meM do prakAra ke vicAra dhArA pracalita hai| eka AdhyAtmika aura dUsarI bhautika eka aMtarmukhI aura dUsarI bahumukhI eka ihalaukika to dUsarI pAralaukika, eka dehapoSaka to dUsarI AtmapoSaka bhautika vicAra dhArAoM kI mAnyatA eat drink & be marry khAoM pIoM aura mauja karo / yAvat jivet sukham jIvet RNam kRtvAghRtaM pivet| bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya, punarAgamanaM kutaH (" caarvaak")| cArvAka vicAradhArA kevala isa bhautika zarIra ko surakSA, AbhivRddhi para hI dhyAna detI hai kevala isI janma ko svIkAra karatI hai kiMtu jaina darzana meM tapa ko adhika mahatva diyA hai| saMvara se mukhyataH Azrava kI roka hotI hai kiMtu purAne karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM / AtmA ke sAtha pUrva meM baMdhe hue karmoM ko tor3akara alaga karane kA upAya to mukhyataH tapa hI hai| jahA mahAtalAgassa, saMtisUdde jalAgame / ussicaNAe tavaNAe, kameNaM sosaNa bhave // evaM tu saMjayassavi, pAvakammanirA save / bhava koDi saMciya kammaM tavasA NijjArejjaI // (237) utarAdhyayana sUtra
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________________ dvAroM ko baMda karake pahale bhare hue pAnI jisa prakAra bar3e bhArI tAlAba ko khAlI karane ke liye pahale usake pAnI ke bAhara se Ane vAle pAnI ko rokane kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai| usake bAda tAlAba kI nikAlane kI prakriyA hotI hai| jisameM siMcAI se evaM sUryAdi ke tApa se kramazaH sUkha jAtA hai| isI prakAra saMyamI puruSa pahale saMvara dvArA naye karmoM kI Avaka ko roka detA hai| aura bAda meM apanI AtmA meM karoMr3o bhavoM ke saMgraha kiye hue karmoM ko tapasyA ke dvArA kSaya kara dete hai / prazna he bhagavAna! tapa kisa phala kI prApti hotI hai? uttara - tapa se vyayadAna = pUrva ke baMdhe karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| tapasyA kA pratiphala batAte hue isa prakAra kahA hai / taveNaM bhaMte / jIve kiM jaNayai ? taveNaM vodANaM jaNayaI / - tapa kiyA jAtA thaa| madhya tIrthaMkaroM ke tapa kiyA jAtA thaa| svayaM bhagavAna ne pavitra hotI hai| tapa kA AcaraNa pUrva ke sabhI mahApuruSoM ne kiyA hai| bhagavAna RSabha deva ke samaya eka varSa taka samaya ATha mAha taka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya 6 mahine taka kA bhI 6 mAsa kA tapa kiyA thaa| vAstava meM tapa se AtmA zuddha aura sadoSamapi dIptena, suvarNa vAhinI yathA / tapo'gnitA tapa manastathA, jIvo vizudhyati // jaise miTTI se lipta sonA tapa kara AtmA vizuddha ho jAtA hai| azuddha hai| yaha azuddhatA vaibhAvika hai| AcArya hemacaMdra agni meM tapa kara zuddha bana jAtA hai| isI prakAra tapa rUpI agni meM kyoMki AtmA anaMta kAla se krodhAdi kaSAya evaM kAma vikAroM se ataH svAbhAvika sthiti meM lAne hetu tapa ko pramukha mAnA hai| cariteNa nigiNhAI taveNa sujjhaI utarAdhyayana utarAdhyayana sUtra caritra meM Ane vAle karmoM ko rokA jAtA hai| kiMtu tapa se vigata janmoM ke ekatra pApa ko kSaya kiyA jAtA hai jisa prakAra tapa rUpI dharma, eka ora saMyama kI rakSA karatA hai to dUsarI ora AtmA kI saphAI karatA huA nirmala banAtA hai / antarmana kI zuddhi tapa se hI hotI hai| icchA nirodha stapa: tapa se viSaya vAsanAoM kA nirodha hotA hai ataH tapa kA kAma bhautika icchAoM kA nirodha karanA (238) 0
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________________ hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne vAsanA janya vikAra ko naSTa karane ke liye tapa rUpa mahAauSadhi sevana karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| uvvAhijjAmANe gAmadhammehi avi NibvalAsa ave omoyariyaM kujjA avi uDDuM ThANaM ThAijjA Ave gAmANugAmaM duijjijjA avi AhAraM vucchidijjA avicayaitthisumaNaM AcArAMga sAdhu iMdriyoM ke viSayoM se vikAra grasta bana rahA ho to usa vikAra ko naSTa karane ke liye rUkhA sUkhA aura satvarahita vastu kA AhAra kare yA ahAra kama kare athavA kAyotsarga kare, zIta tApa kI AtApanA le, grAmAnugrAma vihAra kare, yadi isase vikAra bhI nahIM miTe to AhAra kA sarvathA tyAga kara de kiMtu striyoM kI ora mana ko nahIM jAna de / tapa kI paribhASAoM se tapa kA mahatva svataH hI prakaTa ho jAtA hai| tapyate aveNa pAvaM kammamiti tapo jisa sAdhanA se pApa karma tapta ho jAtA hai vaha tapa hai| tapyate karmANi anena ititapaH . jisake dvArA karma tapAye jAya vahI tapa hai| tavoNAma tAvayati aTTaviMha kammagaThiM nAse titi vutaMbhavaI jo ATha prakAra kI karma graMthI ko tapAtA hai arthAta ATho karmoM ko naSTa karatA hai, bhasma sAta karatA hai vaha tapa hai| sonAma aNasaNa tavoM, jeNa maNoM magulaM na citeI jeNa iMdriyahANI, jeNa ya jogA na hAyaMti * tapa eka divya jyoti hai jo ki hRdaya meM prakAza lA detA hai / tapa vahI hai jisake dvArA tana murjhAe kintumana harSAye nizIthacUrNibhAsya vahI tapa zreSTha hai jisase mana amaMgala na soce iMdriyoM ko hAnina ho, nitya prati ke yoga dharma kriyAoM meM vighna na Aye / tapa se prasannatA banI rahe / tapa jo bhI kiyA jAe vaha vizuddha bhAvoM se mAtra karma nirjarA ke liye hI karanA caahiye| isake liye kisI prakAra kI dUsarI bhAvanA nahIM honI cAhiye anyathA tapa zastra bana kara apane Apake liye ghAtaka bana jAtA hai / caNDakauzika sarpa pahale eka tapasvI saMta hI thaa| bahmadatta cakravartI ne pUrva bhava meM tapa kA durupayoga kiyA aura sAtavIM naraka meM gyaa| jitane bhI vAsudeva hote hai ve saba naraka meM jAte hai| isakA mUla kAraNa tapa kA durupayoga haiN| tapa rUpI mahArasAyana saMyama aura kSamArUpI pathya sevana se hI AtmA ko puSTa kara ke aMnata sukha pradAna karane vAlI hotI hai| (239)
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________________ yadi kaSAya athavAya kSANika rUpI kupathya kA sevana kiyA to yahI rasAyana kSaNika icchA pUrI kara ke mahAna duHkhadAyaka bana jAtI hai| tapa kA DhoMga bar3A khataranAka hotA hai AgamakAra use tapa cora kahate hai| tavateNe vayateNe rUvateNe ya jenre| ayAra bhAvateNe ya, kubbaI devakidivasaM * dazavai kAlika jo sAdhu tapacora, vratacora, vacanacora, rUpacora aura AcAra bhAva kA cora hotA hai vaha nIca jAti ke devoM meM utpanna hotA hai| tathA vahAM se calakara bheDa bakarA hotA hai isake bAda naraka gati prApta kara dukhI hotA hai| tapa cora ke viSaya meM aura bhI batAyA hai| atavassI ya je ke i taveNa pviktthi| savvaloe vare teNe mahA mohaM pakuvvai * dazAzrutaskanya jo tapasvI nahIM hotA huA bhI apane Apa ko tapasvI ke rUpa meM upasthita kara sammAna prApta karatA hai vaha mahA mohanIya karma kA baMdha karatA hai| tapa eka prakAra kI dayA hai| sukha duHkha kA anubhava AtmA karatI hai, zarIra nahIM, zarIra adhiSThAtA AtmA hai| AtmA sardI garmI bhUkha pyAsa sahane karane meM prasannatA anubhava karatA hai usa prasannatA ko baDhAnA tapa hai| krodha, lobha moha, svArtha vaza zArIrika kaSTa sahA jAtA hai binA jJAna ke khuda kaSTa meM pahu~catA hai, dUsaro ko kaSTa denA tapa ke nAma para tApa hai| isake viparIta svArtha se dUra hokara ko jagAkara vRttiyoM ko vaza meM karanA zarIra kA kaSTa sahana karate hue mana meM ullAsa bhAva rakhanA viSaya kaSAya vRttiyoM ko DhIlI paTakanA tApa hai| tapa ke bAda udAsIna na hokara uMmaga harSa kI lahara AnI cAhiye tapa kA lakSya karma baMdhana kATanA hai| tapasyA jo bhI kI jAya vaha vizuddha bhAvoM se, mAtra karma nirjarA ke liye hI karanI caahiye| isake liye kisI bhI prakAra kI dUsarI bhAvanA nahIM honI caahiye| tapa samAdhi hai, yaha samAdhi cAra prakAra kI hotI no iha logaTThAyAe tava mahichijjA no para logAThAyAe taba mahichijjA no kitivaNNachasise logagaThThayAe tava mahichijjA nanattha NijjaraThyAe taba mahichijjA * dazavaikAlika (240)
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________________ isa loka saMbaMdhI sukhoM kI kAmanA se tapasyA nahIM kareM, paraloka meM pracura vaibhava aura utamotama bhautika sukhoM kI cAhanA rakhakara tapa nahIM kare, apanI prazaMsA ho isa bhAvanA se, kIrti kI lAlasA se, janatA meM yazogAna karavAne aura dhanyadhAnya kahalAne ke liye tapa nahIM kare, kiMtu kevala eka mAtra apane karmoM ko nirjarA liye tapasyA hI kre| aura bhI isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai: vivihaguNatavorae NicaM, bhavai nirAsaeNijjaraThie arthAta mokSArthI ko mana meM ihalaukika aura pAralaukika sukhoM kI AzA nahIM karate sadaiva tapa samAdhi meM saMlagna rahe aura vividha guNoM se yukta tapa meM nirataMra lagA rahe jisa prakAra uttama phala kI prApti ke liye bhUmi bhI uttama honI cAhiye uttama bhUmi meM hI uttama phala kA bIja aMkurita hotA hai aura phalatA phUlatA hai usI prakAra tapa ke yathArtha phala ke liye manarUpI kSetra vizuddha karanA caahiye| tabhI karmoM kA kSaya hokara mokSa phala kI prApti hotI hai| arjuna mAlI evaM dhannAanagAra kI taraha tapa karane se mukti kI prApti ho sakatI hai| jassavi aduSpANi hi AhotikaSAyAtavaM caraMtassa sobAla tavassIvi vagayaNhANa parissamaM kuNaI * AcArya bhadrabAhu jisa tapasvI ne kaSAyoM ko nigRhita nahIM kiyA vaha bAla (ajJAnI) tapasvI hai usa tapasvI kA kAryakrama hAthI ke snAna kI taraha nirtharaka hai| jaina darzana ajJAna tapa ko svIkAra nahI karatA hai| "nahu bAla taveNa muksuti * bhadrabAhu bAla tapa se kabhI mukti nahIM milatI hai| bAla tapa se karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai| jaM anANI kammaM khaveI, bahuyAhiM vAtAkoDihi taMnANi tihiM guto, khaveI usAsa miteNaM hajAroM varSoM taka tapa karane para bhI ajJAnI jitane karmoM ko kSaya nahIM kara pAtA utane karmoM ko eka jJAnI kucha hI samaya meM naSTa kara detA hai| ata: tapa karane meM isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhAnA caahiye| nirdoSa nirvidAnADhayaM taMmirjarA prayojanam citotsAhen sad buddhayA tapanIyataH zubham nirdoSa kAmanA rahita kevala nirjarA ke liye sadvaddhi ke sAtha dila ke utsAha se tapa karanA zubha evaM prazasta tapa mAnA gayA hai| (241)
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________________ tapa ke sAtha apanI pavitra bhAvanA bhI bananI cAhiye tabhI kalyANa ho sakatA hai anyathA kevala bhUkhe maranA RSiyoM ne apanI vANI meM isa prakAra batAyA hai / " kaSAyAM viSayAMhArANAM, tyAgo yatra vidhipate upavAsaH savijJeyaH zeSa laMghanakaM viMduH" " kaSAya, viSaya, AhAra tyAga ho use tapa samajhanA cAhie anyathA kevala laMghana mAtra hai ataH jIvana meM jAgarUkatA kI AvazyakatA hai tathA isI se jIvana kI kaThinAiyoM ko pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| "yad dustaraM yad durApaM yad durgama pacca duSkaram sarva tutapatA sAdhyaM tapo hi duruti krayam // jo durgama aura duSkara, jise prApta karanA kaThina hai vaha bhI tapa ke dvArA siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| nizcita tapa ke prabhAva se saba kaThinAiyoM ko pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| dvArikA kA vinaSTha tapa ke khaMDita hone se huA thA - rAtri bhojana chor3ane para Adhe dinoM kA tapa ho jAtA hai jaise eka mAha taka rAtrI bhojana tyAga se 15 dina kI tapasyA ho jAyA karatI hai| tapa niSkapaTa bhAva se honA cAhiye anyathA mallInAtha kI taraha sthiti bana jAtI hai kyoMki unhoMne kapaTa vyavahAra se tapa kiyA thA ataH niSkapaTa bhAva se tapa hI sahI karmoM kI nirjarA meM sahAyaka ho jAtA hai| tapa karane se to karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai kiMtu tapa kI anumodanA se bhI acchA pratiphala mila jahA tavastI ghuNatetaveNa kamaM tAjANa tavo'NumaMtA jAtA hai| vRhadakalpabhASya jisa prakAra tapasvI tapa ke dvArA karma ko ghuna DAlatA hai vaise hI tapa kA anumodana karane vAlA bhI nirjarA kara sakatA hai| jisa prakAra haMsa dUdha aura pAnI ko alaga alaga karatA hai usI prakAra tapa AtmA aura karma ke AvaraNa ko alaga alaga kara detA hai| jaina dharma meM tapa ke aneka bheda batAye gaye jaise uvaI sUtra meM kula 354 bheda hai kiMtu moTe rUpa se bheda isa prakAra hai| sotavo dUviho vuto bAhirabdhaMtarotahA bAhiro cha:vvi ho vutA evamavyataro tava isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tapa se mukhya do bheda kiyA bAhya tapa ke 6 bheda isa prakAra hai / (242) (1) bAhya tapa (2) AbhyaMtara tapa
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________________ (1) anazana :- anna, pAna, khAdya svAdya kA thoDe samaya taka tyAga karanA yA jIvana paryaH pA krnaa| (2) UnodarI :- vastra. pAtra kama rakhanA bhikSA kama lenA alpa krodha mAna mAyA loga karanA ahArAdi sAmagrI me kamI karanA, Adi saba UnodarI tapa hai| (3) bhikSAcarI :- aneka prakAra ke abhigraha dhAraNa kara bhikSA lAnA, isare mAhAra prApti meM kaThinAI honI hai bhUkha pyAsa parizrama kI paravAha nahIM karake bhikSAcarI karane vAle nigraMtha koTi ke hote (4) rasa parityAga :- khAte pIte hue bhI rasa lolupatA kA tyAga karanAya kA tyAga krnaa| (5) kAyA kleza :- eka hI sthAna para sthira hokara 84 prakAra : AsAna sAdhu kI 12 paDimA AtApanA vastra rahita, kaThora vacana sahanA, gAlI mAra prahAra sahanA, loca karanA naMge paira calanA aadi| (6) prati saMlInatA :- iMdriyoM ko vaza meM rakhanA anukUla pratikUla zabdAdi para rAga dveSa na krnaa| bAhya tapa kI taraha AbhyaMtara tapa ke bhI cha: bheda hai| (1) prAyazcita :-caritra meM lage hue doSoM ko dUra karane ke liye jo zuddhi kI jAtI hai isa zuddhi karane liye prAyazcita liyA jAtA hai| (2) vinaya :- jisa ke dvArA AtmA ke karma rUpI maila ko haTAyA jA sake use vinaya kahate hai| yaha guNa aura guNoM ke pAtra kI bhakti. Adara evaM bahumAna karane se hotA hai| (3) vaiyAvRtya :- guru tapasvI, vRddha Adi sAdhu kI AhAra pAnI, Adi se sevA karanA aura saMyama pAlana meM sahAyatA denA vaiyAvRtya tapa hai| (4) svAdhyAya :- bhAvapUrvaka, asvAdhyAya ke kAraNoM ko TAlakara AgamoM kA svAdhyAya karanA, adhyayana karanA svAdhyAya nAma kA tapa hai / (5) dhyAna :- kisI eka vastu athavA viSaya para citta ko lagA denA-ekAgra kara denA dhyAna kahalAtA hai| (6) vyutsarga :- aMtakaraNa se mamatva rahita hokara, Atma sAMnidhya se para vastu kA tyAga karanA vyutsarga kA tapa hai| sI.46 DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan nagara bhIlavAr3A (rAja.) 311001 (243)