Jain Dharm me Striyo ke Adhikar

Author(s): Parmeshthidas Jain
Publisher: Z_Rajendrasuri_Janma_Sardh_Shatabdi_Granth_012039.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210781/1

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jainadharma meM striyoM ke adhikAra paM. parameSThIdAsa jaina jana dharma kI sabase bar3I udAratA yaha hai ki puruSoM kI hI bhAMti striyoM ko bhI tamAma dhArmika adhikAra diye gaye haiN| jisa prakAra puruSa pUjA prakSAla kara sakatA hai usI prakAra striyAM bhI kara sakatI haiN| yadi puruSa zrAvaka ke ucca vratoM kA pAlana kara sakatA hai to striyAM bhI ucca zrAvikA ho sakatI haiN| yadi puruSa UMce se UMce dharma granthoM ke pAThI ho sakate haiM to striyoM ko bhI yahI adhikAra hai / yadi puruSa muni ho sakatA hai to striyAM bhI AyikA hokara paMca mahAvrata dhAraNa kara sakatI haiN| dhArmika adhikAroM kI bhAMti sAmAjika adhikAra bhI striyoM ke liye samAna hI haiN| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki vartamAna meM vaidika dharma Adi ke prabhAva se jaina samAja apane kartavyoM ko aura dharma kI AjJAoM ko bhula gayA hai / hindU zAstrAnusAra sampatti kA adhikArI putra to hotA hai kintu putriyAM usakI adhikAriNI nahIM mAnI jAtI haiN| jaina zAstroM meM strI-sammAna ke bhI aneka ullekha pAye jAte haiN| Aja kala mUr3ha jana striyoM ko paira kI jUtI yA dAsI samajhate haiM, taba jaina rAjA rAjasabhA meM apanI rAniyoM kA uThakara sammAna karate the aura apanA ardhAsana unheM baiThane ko dete the / bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mAtA mahArAnI priyakAriNI jaba apane svapnoM kA phala pUchane mahArAjA siddhArtha ke pAsa gaI taba mahArAjA ne uThakara apanI dharmapatnI ko AdhA Asana diyA, mahArAnI ne vahAM baiThakara apane svapnoM kA varNana kiyA / yathA-- (saMprAptAsinA svapnAn yathAkramamudAharat) / --uttarapurANa dharmazAstra par3hane kI adhikAriNI isI prakAra mahArAniyoM kA rAjasabhAoM meM jAne aura vahAM para sammAna prApta karane ke aneka udAharaNa jaina zAstroM meM bhare par3e haiN| jabaki vaidika grantha striyoM ko dharmagranthoM ke adhyayana karane kA niSedha karate hue likhate haiM ki-- (strI-zUdrau nAdhIyAtAm) taba jaina graMtha striyoM ko gyAraha aMga zAstroM ke paThana pAThana karane kA adhikAra dete haiM / yathA-- dvAdazAMgadharo jAtaH kSipraM meghezvarI gaNI: ekAdazAMgamRjjAtA''ryikApi sulocanA / / 52 / / --harivaMzapurANa sarga-121 arthAta-jayakumAra bhagavAna kA dvAdazAMgadhArI gaNadhara huA aura sulocanA gyAraha aMga kI dhAraka AryikA huI / isI prakAra striyAM siddhAnta granthoM ke adhyayana ke sAtha hI jina pratimA kI pUjA prakSAla bhI kiyA karatI thI / aMjanA suMdarI ne 1. zvetAmbarAmnAyAnusAra trizalAdevI / putriyAM bhI pitA kI sampatti kI bhAgIdAra isa saMbaMdha meM zrI bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne apane AdipurANa .(parva 38) meM spaSTa likhA hai ki puyazca saMvibhAgAhAH samaM putraH samAzake: / / 154 / / arthAt putroM kI bhAMti putriyAM bhI sampatti kI barAbara-barAbara bhAga ko adhikAriNI haiN| isa prakAra jaina kAnUna ke anusAra striyoM ko, vidhavAoM ko yA kanyAoM ko puruSa ke samAna hI saba prakAra ke adhikAra prApta haiN| (vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye vidyAvAridhi, jainadarzana divAkara berisTara campatarAya jaina kRta (jaina laoN) nAmaka grantha dekhanA caahiye)| vI.ni. saM. 2503

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apanI sakhI vasantamAlA ke sAtha vana meM rahate hue guphA meM virAjamAna jinamUrti kA pUjana prakSAla kiyA thA / madanavegA ne vasudeva ke sAtha siddhakUTa caityAlaya meM jina pUjA kI thI / mainAsundarI pratidina pratimA kI prakSAla karatI thI aura apane pati zrIpAla rAjA ko gaMdhodaka lagAtI thii| isI prakAra striyoM ke dvArA pUjA prakSAla kiye jAne ke aneka udAharaNa pAye jAte haiM / pUjA-prakSAla kI adhikAriNI harSa kA viSaya hai ki Aja bhI jaina samAja meM striyAM bhagavAna kA prakSAla pUjana karatI haiM / kahIM kahIM rUDhipriya loga unheM isa dharmakArya se rokate bhI haiM aura unakI yadA-tadA AlocanA bhI karate haiM / unheM yaha socanA cAhiye ki jo AryikA hone kA adhikAra rakhatI hai vaha pUjA prakSAla na kara sake yaha kaisI vicitra bAta hai ? pUjA prakSAla to AraMbha kArya hai ataH vaha karma-baMdha kA nimitta hai / jisase saMsAra (svarga Adi) meM hI cakkara lagAnA par3atA hai jabaki AryikA honA saMvara aura nirjarA kA kAraNa hai, jisase kramazaH mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| aba vicAra kIjiye ki eka strI mokSa ke kAraNabhUta saMvara aura nirjarA karane vAle kArya to kara sakatI hai kintu saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta baMdhakartA pUjana prakSAla Adi kArya nahIM kara sakatI hai / yaha kaise svIkAra kiyA jAya ? jaina dharma sadA se udAra rahA hai, use strI-puruSa yA brAhmaNa-zUdra kA liMga-bheda yA varNa-bheda janita koI pakSapAta nahIM hai / hAM, kucha aise durAgrahI vyakti bhI ho gaye haiM jinhoMne aise pakSapAtI kathana karake jaina dharma ko kalaMkita kiyA hai| isI se khedakhinna hokara AcAryakalpa paMDitapravara ToDaramalajI ne likhA thA-- (bahuri keI pApI puruSAM apanA kalpita kathana kiyA hai| ara tinako jina vacana ThaharAye haiM / tinakoM jaina mata kA zAstra jAti pramANa na krnaa| tahAM bhI pramANAdika teM parIkSA kari viruddha artha ko mithyA jaannaa|) tAtparya yaha hai ki jina granthoM meM jaina dharma kI udAratA ke viruddha kathana haiM, unheM jaina grantha kahe jAne para bhI mithyA mAnanA cAhiye / kAraNa ki kitane hI pakSapAtI loga anya saMskRtiyoM se prabhAvita hokara striyoM ke adhikAroM ko tathA jaina dharma kI udAratA ko kucalate hue bhI apane ko niSpakSa mAnakara granthakAra bana baiThe haiN| jahAM zUdra kanyAyeM bhI jinapUjA aura pratimA prakSAla kara sakatI haiM (dekho gotamacaritra tIsarA adhikAra), vahAM striyoM ko pUjA prakSAla kA anadhikArI batAnA ghora ajJAna hai| striyAM pUjA-prakSAla hI nahIM karatI thI, kintu dAna bhI detI thiiN| yathA-- zrI jinendra paMdAbhojasaparyAyAM sumAnasA / zacIva sA tadA jAtA jaina dharmaparAyaNA / / 86 / / jJAnadhatAya kAMtAya zuddhacAritradhAriNe / munIndrAya zubhAhAraM dadau pApavinAzanam / / 87 / / -gautamacaritra, tIsarA adhikAra arthAt sthaMDilA nAma kI brAhmaNI jina bhagavAna kI pUjA meM apanA citta lagAtI thI aura indrANI ke samAna jaina dharma meM tatpara ho gaI thii| usa samaya vaha brAhmaNI samyagjJAnI zuddha cAritradhArI uttama muniyoM ko pApanAzaka zubha AhAra detI thI / isI prakAra jaina zAstroM meM striyoM kI dhArmika svatantratA ke aneka udAharaNa milate haiN| jahAM tulasIdAsajI ne likha diyA hai-- Dhora gaMvAra zUdra aru nArI / ye saba tAr3ana ke adhikArI / / bha0 RSabhadeva ne putriyoM ko par3hAyA vahAM jaina dharma ne striyoM kI pratiSThA karanA batAyA hai, sammAna karanA sikhAyA hai aura unheM sabhI samAna adhikAra diye haiM / jahAM vaidika granthoM meM striyoM ko veda par3hane kI AjJA nahIM hai (strI-zUdrau nAdhIyAtAm ) vahIM jainiyoM ke prathama tIrthakara bhagavAna AdinAtha ne svayaM apanI brAhmI aura sundarI nAmaka putriyoM ko par3hAyA thA / unheM strI jAti ke prati bahuta, sammAna thaa| putriyoM ko par3hane ke liye unhoMne kahA thA-- idaM vapurvayazcedamidaM zIlamanIdRzaM / vidyayA cedvibhuSyeta saphalaM janma vAnidaM / 97 / vidyAvAna puruSo loke sammatiM yAti kovidaH / nArI ca tadvatI dhatte strIsRSTeragrimaM padaM / 98 / tadvidyA grahaNe yatnaM putrike kurutaM yuvAM / tatsaMgrahaNakAlo'yaM yuvayorvartate'dhunA / / 102 / / - --AdipurANa parva 16 arthAt putriyoM ! yadi tumhArA yaha zarIra, avasthA aura anupama zIla vidyA se vibhUSita kiyA jAve to tuma donoM kA janma saphala ho sakatA hai / saMsAra meM vidyAvAna puruSa vidvAnoM ke dvArA mAnya hotA hai| agara nArI par3hI likhI-vidyAvatI ho to vaha striyoM meM pradhAna ginI jAtI hai / isaliye putriyo! tuma bhI vidyA grahaNa karane kA prayatna kro| tuma donoM ko vidyA grahaNa karane kA yahI samaya hai| isa prakAra strI-zikSA ke prati sadbhAva rakhane vAle bhagavAna AdinAtha ne vidhi pUrvaka svayaM hI putriyoM ko par3hAnA prAraMbha kiyaa| nArI-nindA kheda hai ki unhIM ke anuyAyI kahe jAne vAle kucha loga striyoM ko vidyAdhyayana, pUjA, prakSAla Adi kA anadhikArI batAkara unheM prakSAla pUjA karane se Aja bhI rokate haiM aura kahIM kahIM striyoM ko par3hAnA abhI bhI anucita mAnA jAtA hai| pahale striyoM ko mUrkha rakhakara svArthI puruSoM ne unake sAtha pazu tulya vyavahAra karanA prAraMbha kara diyA aura manamAne graMtha banAkara unakI bharapeTa nindA kara ddaalii| eka sthAna para nArI nindA karate huye eka vidvAna ne likhA hai-- (zeSa pRSTha 128 para) rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Interational