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________________ DaoN0 iMdararAja baida mAnava samAja ke do mahatvapUrNa aMga hai nara aura naarii| donoM milakara mAnavIya vyaktitva ko pUrNAMga banAte haiN| nara ke binA nArI kA aura nArI ke binA nara kA astitva apUrNa aura nirarthaka hai| donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| parivAra rUpI ratha ke pahie hote haiM strI aura puruSa, donoM hI samAna, sudRr3ha aura gtimaan| donoM hI sRSTi kI sundara kalAkRtiyA~ haiM, zrI, dhI, zakti aura citi se sampanna ina mAnavIya caritroM ko vikAsa ke samasta upAdAna prakRti ne samAna rUpa se upalabdha karAye haiN| nayUnAdhika mAtrA meM pauruSa aura sauSThava donoM ko pradAna kiye gaye haiN| donoM meM hI samAna rAgAtmakatA hai,saMvedanA aura karuNA hai, uccAzayatA aura mAnavIyatA hai| daihika vizeSatAe~ bhinna hone para bhI Atmika dharAtala para strI aura puruSa meM vibheda nahIM hotaa| cAroM gatiyoM ke prANiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM spaSTa udghoSa hai ege AyA arthAt AtmA eka hai (samavAyAMga 1/1) nara-nArI kI samAnatA kA yaha svara sabhI dharmoM meM pratidhvanita huA hai| dharma hI nahIM, saMsAra kA pratyeka sabhya aura prabuddha samAja strI puruSa ko barAbarI kA stara detA hai| dharma to Atmika vikAsa kI samasta saraNiyA~ strI-puruSoM ke lie khola detA hai| upAsanA yadi mArga hai aura mukti yadi usakA phala hai to koI bhI dharma usakI prApti se na puruSa ko vaMcita karatA hai, na nArI ko| dharma meM pakSapAta aura anyAya nahIM hotaa| jaina dharma bhAratavarSa kA atiprAcIna dharma hai| jaina zabda ke mUla meM 'jina' hai, jisakA artha hai paMca iMdriyoM ko jItanevAlA aura rAga-dveSa vijetaa| jina yA jinendra pravartita hone ke kAraNa dharma kA jaina abhidhAna pracalita huaa| isa dharma ke anusAra pratyeka AtmA Izvara yA paramAtmA svarUpa hotI hai| paramAtmA AtmA kI siddhAvasthA ko kahate haiN| AtmA jaba karmoM ke AcchAdana ko vidIrNa karake anAvRta aura nirbadha ho jAtI hai to pUrNa rUpeNa paramAtmA bana jAtI hai| isI paramAtmA svarUpa ko prApta karane ke lie pratyeka jIvAtmA janma-janma meM aneka prakAra se sAdhanA karatI hai| zanaiH zanaiH karmoM kA kSaya hone lagatA hai aura Izvaratva prakaTa ho jAtA hai| yaha AtmA kabhI nArakIya gati meM jAtI hai to kabhI tiryaMca gati meM, kabhI devatA banatI hai to kabhI mnussy| mAnavIya rUpa kabhI puruSa kA bhI ho sakatA hai aura kabhI strI kA bhii| svayaM ko vimukta karane meM nArItva bAdhaka nahIM hotaa| jaina dharma kahatA hai ki yadi puruSa sAdhanA karate hue mokSa jA sakatA hai to strI bhI adhikAriNI bana sakatI hai| asaMkhya aNagArI aura sAgArI sAdhikAe~ bhavacakra se vimukta hokara siddha huI haiN| aura bhaviSya meM bhI hotI rheNgii| tIrthaMkaratva prApta karane kI pAtratA puruSoM kI taraha striyoM meM bhI svIkAra kI gaI hai| jaina dharma meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ko parama saMpUjya mAnA gayA hai| dharma-tIrtha ke pravartaka ko tIrthaMkara kahate haiN| ratnatraya arthAt samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritrya kI anupAlanA karatA huA koI bhI sAdhaka arhat avasthA taka pahu~ca sakatA hai aura apanA AyuSya karma pUrA karake siddhatva pA letA hai| para sabhI siddha AtmAe~ tIrthaMkara nahIM hotii| kevala ve AtmAe~ hI tIrthaMkara pada prApta karatI haiM jo arhat sthiti meM pahu~cane ke bAda upadeSTA banakara lokakalyANa ke lie preraNA detI haiM, dharma-zAsana kA sUtrapAta karatI haiM aura bhavasiMdhu se pAra utarane ke lie dharma-tIrtha kI upasthApanA karatI haiN| jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra vartamAna kalpa meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara hue haiN| bhagavAna RSabhadeva prathama aura bhagavAna mahAvIra aMtima tIrthaMkara haiN| bIca ke bAIMsa tIrthaMkara sahasroM varSoM ke aMtarAla meM hue haiN| ina tIrthaMkaroM meM eka mahimAmayI nArI ratna bhI hai, jo mallInAtha ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hai| mithilA ke mahArAjA kuMbha aura mahArAnI prabhAvatI kI putrI rAjakumArI mallI kA apane pUrva janmoM ke saMpUrNa karmoM kA aMta karake mahAbhiniSkramaNa karanA aura parama ArAdhanIya tIrthaMkara pada prApta karanA isI bAta kA pramANa hai ki nArI bhI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke sarvocca zikhara kA ArohaNa kara sakatI hai| puruSArtha para kevala puruSa kA hI nahIM, strI kA bhI samAna adhikAra hotA hai| 0 aSTadazI / 2350
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________________ jaina paraMparA meM asaMkhya nAriyoM ne karmoM kA kSaya karake thI ki rathanemi kI dRSTi usa para par3a gii| mohita aura kAmAMdha mokSa prApta kiyA hai| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jo AdinAtha ke ratha nemi ke abhradra prastAva ko sunakara use pratAr3ita karatI huI rUpa meM pUje jAte haiM, kI mAtA marudevI siddhatva ko pAnevAlI rAjula kahatI hai| pahalI sannArI thii| nAbhirAya aura marudevI pAvana daMpati the, pakkhaMdejaliyaM joiM dhUmakeuM duraasyN| jinakI divya saMtati the Rssbhdev| inake do putra bharata aura Necchati vantayaM bhottuM kule jAyA agndhnne| bAhubalI tathA do putriyA~ brAhmI aura sundarI kramaza: sumaMgalA aura dhiratthu teDajaso kAmI jo taM jIviya kaarnnaa| sunaMdA kI kukSI se utpanna hue the| kahate haiM akSaroM kA pravartana vantaM icchAsi AveLa seyaM te maraNaM bhve| brAhmI ne kiyA thA aura aMkoM kA suMdarI ne| ina donoM bahinoM ne (uttarAdhyayana 22/42-43) apane bhAI bAhubalI ko prabodhana dekara ahaMkAra se chuTakArA arthAt agaMdhana kula kA sarpa Aga meM jala kara mara jAnA dilAyA thA jisase ve mukti kA varaNa kara ske| yathAH pasaMda karegA, para vamana kiye hue viSa ko pInA kabhI nahIM cAhegA, AjJApayAti tAtastvAM jyeSThArya bhagavanidam / he kAmI, tU vamana kI huI cIja ko pInA cAhatA hai, isase to hastI skandhA rUDhAnAM kevalaM na updyte|| terA mara jAnA hI acchA hai| kitanI tIvra vyaMjanA thii| jise bhrAtA arthAt he jyeSTha Arya! bhagavAna kA upadeza hai ki hAthI ariSTa nemi tyAga cuke the| use bhogane kI icchA karanA kI huI para baiThe sAdhaka ko kaivalya kI prApti nahI hotii| bAhabalI ne mana ulTI ko nigalanA hI to thaa| rathanemi kI A~kheM khula gii| aisI meM vicAra kiyA ki ve ahaMkAra rUpI hAthI para hI to ArUDha haiN| hI phaTakAra tulasIdAsa jI ko ratnAvalI ne bhI lagAI thii| kSaNa bhara meM garva cUra-cUra ho gayA aura pazcAtApa ke sAtha nirmala uttarAdhyayana sUtra, jisameM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke vacana saMgrahIta haiM, vinaya bhAva ke udita hote hI mukti zrI ne jayamAlA unake gale yaha prasaMga ullikhita hai| ise yahA~ uddhRta karane kA dhyeya yaha meM DAla dii| isa prakAra brAhmI aura sundarI ne kevala svayaM kA darzAnA hai ki jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke zIla aura satItva ko hI nahIM, apane bhAI kA bhI AtmoddhAra kara diyaa| bahuta mahatva diyA gayA hai| astu, jaina dharma meM nAriyoM ko sadaiva sammAna kI dRSTi se satItatva arthAt cAritrika zuddhatA meM nArI kI mahIyatA dekhA gayA hai| udbodha na dekara puruSoM ko sudhArane aura unheM mAnI jAtI thii| jaina jagata meM satI una nAriyoM ko kahA jAtA sanmArga kI ora pravRtta karane vAlI sannAriyoM ke saikar3oM dRSTAMta hai jo apane zIla kI rakSA, dharma ke pAlana aura saMyama sAdhanA itihAsa meM ujAgara hue haiN| eka aisA hI preraka udAharaNa hai satI meM aDiga rahakara apanI AtmA kA uddhAra karatI hai| jainarAjImatI kaa| mahAbhArata kAla meM zrIkaSNa ke cacere bhAI the itihAsa meM solaha satiyA~ nitya vaMdanIya mAnI gaI haiN| unase arissttnemi| ve vasudeva bhrAtA zauripura ke rAjA samudravijaya aura prArthanA kI jAtI hai ki ve mAnava jAti kA maMgala kreN| yathA : mahArAnI zivA devI ke putra the| unakA vivAha mahArAja ugrasena brAhmI caMdanabAlikA bhagavatI rAjImatI draupdii| kI putrI rAjula ke sAtha nizcita kiyA gyaa| ariSTa nemi kI kauzalyAca mRgAvatI ca sulasA sItA subhadrA shivaa| bArAta jaba nagara ke samIpa pahu~catI to pazu-pakSiyoM kA ArtanAda kuntI zIlAvatI nalasya dAyitA cUlA prbhaavtypi| sunAI diyaa| yaha patA calane para ki bArAta ke satkAra va bhoja padmAvatyapi sundarI dinamukhekurvantu no maGgalam / / kI vyavasthA ke lie sAmiSa AhAra hetu pazu-pakSiyoM kA vadha jaina dRSTi anekAMtavAdI aura udAra rahI hai| aise aneka kiyA jaayegaa| ariSTanemi kA hRdaya kA~pa uThA aura ve dUlhe ke dRSTAMta milate haiM jaha~ eka hI chata ke nIce rahanevAle pati patnI, veza ko tatkSaNa utArakara araNya kI ora prasthAna kara gye| sAsa-bahU Adi parijana dhArmika dRSTi se svayaM ko svataMtra anubhava vivAha-maMDapa meM sannATA chA gyaa| vadhU rAjakumArI rAjula ko karate the| mahAvIra aura buddha samakAlIna the| eka hI parivAra meM jaba ariSTa nemi ke niSkramaNa kA patA calA, to ve bhI unakA donoM ke anuyAyI prema se rahate the| kAlAMtara meM yaha vyavasthA anusaraNa karatI huI giranAra parvata para sAdhanA ke lie calI gii| chinna-bhinna avazya ho gaI para tatkAlIna dhArmika sahajIvana se ariSTa nemi ke choTe bhAI ne bhI sAdhanA svIkAra kara lii| usakA patA calatA hai ki mahilAoM ko apane-apane bhAvoM ke anurUpa nAma thA rthnemi| eka bAra varSA meM bhIgakara sAdhikA rAjImatI upAsanA karane kI svataMtratA thii| isase nArI ke prati udAra eka kaMdarA meM jAkara apane gIle vastroM ko ekAMta meM sukhA rahI dRSTikoNa kA patA calatA hai| Adhunika samaya meM bhI kaI jaina parivAroM meM upAsanA kI svataMtratA dekhI jA sakatI hai| 0 aSTadazI / 2360
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________________ jaina-paraMparA nAriyoM ke samAna adhikAroM ke prati AraMbha se hI pAryapta jAgarUka rahI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane anuyAyI samAja ko cAra bhAgoM meM bA~TA thA-sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura shraavikaa| yaha vargIkaraNa jo zramaNa saMskRti kI viziSTa dena hai, samAnatA ke Adarza ko saMsthAgata rUpa detA hai| ina cAroM vargoM ko tIrthaM kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| cAroM tIrthoM ko eka-dUsare kA sammAna karane aura unake hita sAdhanA meM saceSTa rahane kA vidhAna kiyA gyaa| vardhamAna mahAvIra ke samaya jaina saMgha meM lagabhaga caudaha haz2Ara sAdhu yA zramaNa aura lagabhaga chattIsa hajAra sAdhviyA~ yA zramaNiyA~ thii| zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga eka lAkha unasaTha hajAra aura zrAvikAoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga tIna lAkha aThAraha hajAra thii| isase patA calatA hai ki dharma ke anupAlana meM mahilAoM kA prabhAva purUSoM kI apekSA adhika thaa| jaina dharma meM striyoM kI prazaMsanIya bhUmikA rahI hai| gRha svAminI ke rUpa meM to ve AdaraNIya thI hI para sAdhvI jIvana apanAne ke bAda to ve adhika pUjanIyA bana jAtI thii| mahAvIra ne ghoSita kiyA thA ki pratyeka dehAtmA svataMtra hai aura use mukta hokara paramAtmA banane kA adhikAra hai| nArI hone ke kAraNa use mukti ke maulika adhikAra se vaMcita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, atIta kA yaha udAra dRSTikoNa Aja bhI AMzika rUpa meM samAja meM vyApta hai| dharma kA eka pramukha aMga hai tpshcrnn| kahA bhI gayA hai'dhammo maGgalamukiTThama ahiMsA saMjamotavo" vartamAna kAla meM bhI dharma mahimAmayI mAtAoM aura bahinoM kI tapa-sAdhanA ke kAraNa jIvita aura svastha hai| ise dharma kA paryAya mAnakara mahilAoM ne apanAyA hai| prativarSa ATha dinoM ke upavAsa kI tapasyA, jise adAI kahate haiM. ghara-ghara meM saMpanna kI jAtI hai| choTI avasthA meM hI jaina bAlikAe~ apane karmoM ko tapAgni meM bhasmIbhUta karane kI ceSTA AraMbha kara detI hai| tapa iMdriyoM ke viSayoM para aMkuza lagAne kA dUsarA nAma hai| Atma-niyaMtraNa kA yaha adbhuta parAkrama hai| vyAvahArika dharAtala para jaina dharma ne ahiMsA ke bAda jisa tatva para sarvAdhika bala diyA, vaha tapasyA hI hai| yaha saMtoSa aura gaurava kI bAta hai ki jaina bAlikAe~ aura mahilAe~ tapa ke dharma tatva ko jIvana meM utArane kA bejor3a utsAha aura sAhasa dikhA rahI haiN| dhArmika pariprekSya meM yaha eka zubha lakSaNa hai| nArAyaNa apArTamenTa, cennaI zikSaka divasa 'zikSaka' kaba sAmAnya vyakti hai, vaha to zilpakAra hotA hai| gIlI miTTI ko sa~vArane vAlA kuMbhakAra hotA hai|| usane hI zrIrAma gar3he haiM, vaha hI hai zrIkRSNa nirmaataa| vaha hI samartha rAmadAsa hai, chatrapati sA zivA prdaataa| dayAnaMda, vivekAnaMda ko usakA zilpa sa~vAra detA hai|| vaha sA~cA hotA hai jisameM, mahAmAnava DhAle jAte haiN| aura rASTra ke nararatnoM ke sukhada svapna pAle jAte haiN| chAtroM meM mAnava mUlyoM kA vaha hI praveza dvAra hotA hai|| usake ciMtana para, caritra para samrAToM ke sira jhukate haiN| dharma, samAja, rASTra ke ulajhe praznoM ke uttara milate haiN| zreSTha rASTra-nirmAtA hotA, vaha RSitulya vicAra hotA hai|| lekina usake zilpakAra ko, jAne kyA ho gayA ina dinoN| usakA ciMtaka aura manISI jAne kyoM so gayA ina dinoN| usake gaurava para, garimA para Ae dina prahAra hotA hai|| vaha vyasanoM kA dAsa ho gayA, aura artha hI lakSya bnaayaa| AcAroM se zikSaNa dene kA AcArya nahIM raha paayaa| zikSaka dUSita rAjanIti kA Ae dina zikAra hotA hai|| chAtra kahA~ sammAna kareMge, unase yArI gA~Tha rahA hai| abhibhAvaka Adara kyA deMge, svArthasiddhi kA dAsa rahA hai| zikSaka 'zikSaka-divasa' manAe, yaha ulTA vyavahAra hotA hai|| 'zikSaka-divasa' tabhI sArthaka hai, zikSaka apanAmUlya bddh'aae| janamAnasa bhI zraddhAnata ho usake prati AbhAra jtaae| zikSaka zraddhApAtra jahA~ hai, vahA~ rASTra nikhAra hotA hai|| saujanya : akhaMDa jyoti 0 aSTadazI / 2370