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________________ jainadharma meM deviyoM kA svarUpa DaoN0 puSpendra kumAra zarmA jainadharma pramukhatayA mandiroM kA dharma hai arthAt mandira meM upAsanA hetu jAnA jainadharma kA eka pramukha aMga hai| mandira hI jainadharma ke saMgrahAlaya haiM / ataeva bhArata meM asaMkhya jaina-mandira upalabdha hote haiN| jaina sAdhaka mUrtiyoM ko gharoM meM sthApita nahIM karate, parantu mandiroM meM hI jAkara pUjA karate haiM / jaina-mandiroM meM devatAoM, tIrthaGkaroM, deviyoM, yakSoM Adi kI mUrtiyAM sthApita kI jAtI haiN| devatAoM kI mUrtisthApanA sambhavataH hindUdharma kA prabhAva ho kyoMki hama yaha dekhate haiM ki sAre hindU devI-devatAoM ko jaina-dharma meM sthAna milA hai| jainadharma meM chaThI aura sAtavIM zatAbdI ke uparAnta deva-samudAya eka bahuta bar3e stara para vikasita ho cukA thaa| mUrtiyoM kI nirmANavidhi, pratiSThA Adi viSayoM para yatheSTa mAtrA meM grantha upalabdha hote haiN| pUjita devatAoM meM kucha devatAoM kI pUjA kevala zvetAmbara sampradAya yA digambara sampradAya taka hI sImita rahI hai| jainadharma meM deviyoM kA bhI eka bahuta bar3A varga upalabdha hotA hai| inameM se kucha zvetAmbara pantha kI haiM, una deviyoM ke nAma, lakSaNa, pUjAvidhi bhinna haiM aura kucha digambara sampradAya kI deviyA~ haiM jinakI pUjAvidhi, nAma. lakSaNa aura svarUpa bhinna haiN| jainadharma ke prAcIna granthoM meM deviyoM ko tIna vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA1. prAsAda deviyA~-jina deviyoM kI mUrtiyA~ mandiroM meM pratiSThApita haiM tathA sarvatra milatI haiN| 2. kUla deviyA~-ve tAntrika deviyAM jinako bhaktaloga apane-apane kula devatA ke rUpa meM pUjate haiM evaM jinakI pUjA guru dvArA pradatta mantroM dvArA kI jAtI hai / caNDI, cAmuNDA Adi kuladeviyAM haiN| 3. sampradAya deviyA~-kisI sampradAya kI deviyA~ yA jAti-vizeSa kI devI ambA, sarasvatI, gaurI, tripurA, tArA Adi deviyA~ isa varga meM AtI haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha vibhAjana saiddhAntika nahIM hai parantu isase yaha avazya jJAta hotA hai ki tAntrika deviyA~ jainadharma meM praveza pA gaI thI aura pUjA kI vastu thiiN| ye tAntrika deviyA~-kAlI, cAmuNDA, durgA, lalitA, kurukullA, kAlarAtri Adi kevala zvetAmbara sampradAya meM hI pracalita rhiiN| jainadharma meM mUrtilakSaNoM ke AdhAra para deviyoM ke tIna varga kiye jA sakate haiM1. zAsana deviyAM-ye deviyA~ jainadharma yA saMgha kA pAlana karatI haiM, bhaktoM ke vighna nAza karatI haiM evaM mandiroM meM meM tIrthaMkaroM ke sAtha inakI mUrtiyA~ milatI haiN| ye 24 hotI haiN| cakrezvarI, ambikA Adi inameM pramukha haiN|' 2. vidyA deviyA~-ye vidyA kI adhiSThAtrI devatA haiN| inakI saMkhyA solaha batalAI gaI hai| inheM zrutadeviyA~ bhI kahA jAtA hai| inameM sarasvatI, kAlI, jvAlAmAlinI Adi pramukha haiN| 3. yakSiNI deviyA~-jainadharma meM yakSoM evaM yakSiNiyoM kA deva pada svIkRta kiyA gayA hai| ye adhikatara dhana kI deviyA~ haiN| inameM bhadrakAlI, bhRkuTI, tArA Adi pramukha haiN| 1. tatra devyastridhA prAsAdadevyaH saMpradAyadevyaH kuladevyazca / prAsAdadevyaH pIThopapITheSu guhyasthitA bhUmisthitA prAsAdasthitA liMgarUpA vA svayambhUtarUpA vA manuSyanirmitarUpA vA / saMpradAyadevyaH ambAsarasvatI-tripurAtArAprabhRtayo gurUpadiSTamantro pAsanIyAH / kuladevyaH caNDIcAmuNDAkanTezvarIvyAdharAjIprabhRttayaH / 2. yA pAti zAsanaM jaina sNghprtyuuhnaashinii| sAbhipretasamRddhayarthaM bhuuyaacchaasndevtaa|| -(hemacandra) baina itihAsa, kalA aura saMskRti 153
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________________ ___ ina deviyoM kI mUrti kA nirmANa karate hue kalAkAra devI ke varga kA pUrA-pUrA dhyAna rakhate the / arthAt zAsanadevI, vidyAdevI yA yakSiNI ke lakSaNa yA cihnoM kA spaSTa evaM sUkSmatara vivecana prastuta kiyA jAtA thaa| mUrtiyA~ mathurAkAla se lekara Ajataka upalabdha hotI rahI haiN| mUrtikalA ko jIvita rakhane kA satata prayAsa kalAkAroM ne kiyA hai| inameM se bahuta-sI deviyA~ to hindU deviyoM ke samAna hI haiM aura kucha deviyoM ne jainadharma kI spaSTa chApa rakhate hue bhI hindU deviyoM ke nAma, rUpa aura Ayudha Adi dhAraNa kiye haiM / bahutasI mUrtiyA~ mUrtikalA kI dRSTi se bhavyatama kalAkRtiyA~ haiN| jaina matAnuyAyI tIrthaGkaroM ke sAtha hI sAtha anya devI-devatAoM kI bhI pUjA karate haiN| inameM pramukha haiM--sarasvatI, ambikA aura padmAvatI / isI nAma kI hindU deviyoM se bhinnatA dikhalAne ke lie inako vibhinna tIrthaGkaroM ke sAtha-sAtha sambaddha kara diyA gayA hai| devI ke mukuTa para usI tIrthaGkara kI pratimA hotI hai jisake sAtha vaha sambaddha hotI hai| ina mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa meM zAstrIya vidhiyoM kA pAlana karate hue bhI kalAtmakatA kA pUrNa dhyAna rakhA gayA hai| ye mUrtiyA~ ucca bhAvAtmaka kalA, bhaMgimA evaM abhivyakti kA udAharaNa haiM / kucha deviyA~ kevala mAntrika deviyA~ haiM / sarasvatI- sarasvatI devI kI mUrtiyA~ tIna prakAra kI upalabdha hotI haiM-do bhujAvAlI devI, caturbhujI devI evaM cAra se adhika bhujAoM se yukta / mukhya rUpa se sarasvatI devI ke hAtha meM pustaka hotI hai evaM haMsa ko usakA vAhana dikhalAyA gayA hai / eka bahuta hI sundara sarasvatI kI mUrti sirohI sTeTa rAjasthAna ke eka jaina mandira se prApta huI hai| isakA samaya lagabhaga AThavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| isameM sarasvatI devI padmAsana para sthita hai tathA usake donoM hAthoM meM kamala suzobhita ho rahe haiN|' rAjapUtAnA saMgrahAlaya meM eka patthara kI sarasvatI mUrti bahuta hI sundara hai jo bA~savAr3A rAjya se prApta kI gaI hai| devI kI cAra bhujAe~ haiM / bAyIM bhujAoM meM pustaka evaM vINA hai tathA dAyIM bhujAoM meM mAlA evaM kamala suzobhita haiN| mukuTa meM eka choTe AkAra kI zivamUrti jar3I huI hai / eka choTI saMgamaramara kI sarasvatI mUrti acalagar3ha se prApta huI hai| isameM cAra bhujAoM vAlI devI ke Upara ke donoM hAthoM meM vINA aura pustaka hai tathA nicale hAthoM meM mAlA va kamaNDalu haiM / devI isameM mayUravAhana haiN|' isI prakAra sarasvatI kI eka bahuta hI sundara pratimA bIkAnera se prApta huI hai jise madhyakAlIna mUrtikalA kA bhavyatama udAharaNa kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha sapheda saMgamaramara para banI hai evaM saumyasvarUpA hai / devI kI cAra bhujAe~ haiM / inakI Upara vAlI bhujAoM meM kamala evaM pustaka hai aura nicalI bhujAoM meM kamaNDalu aura mudrA / devI khar3I huI haiN| sarasvatI devI kI bahuta hI sundara pratimAe~ AbU ke jaina mandira meM bhI prApta hotI haiM / cAra bhujAoM vAlI devI ke hAthoM meM vINA, pustaka, mAlA aura kamala aMkita haiM / isI mandira (vimala vasahI) meM sarasvatI kI solaha bhujA vAlI pratimA bhItarI chata para aMkita kI gaI hai / yaha vidyA kI devI haiM, bhadrAsana meM sthira haiM, donoM tarapha nRtya karate hue paricAraka khar3e haiN| ATha bhujAoM ke viSaya dRSTigocara hote haiM-zeSa pahacAna meM nahIM Ate haiM / siMhAsana meM haMsa kI pratimA dikhAI de rahI hai / isI prakAra tejapAla dvArA nirmita mandira meM sarasvatI kI sundara pratimA vidyamAna hai| bhadrAsana para baiThI huI devI ke hAthoM meM pustaka ke sthAna para kamaNDalu pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| mathurA se prApta jainastUpa meM sarasvatI aura ambikA kI pratimAeM milI haiN| sarasvatI kI mUrti kA zira vidyamAna nahIM hai| bahuta hI kalAtmaka vastra pahane hue haiN| donoM tarapha eka-eka paricArikA vidyamAna hai| isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki bar3e prAcIna kAla se jainadharma meM sarasvatI kI pUjA hotI rahI hai| vaise bhI vidyAdeviyoM kI pUjA jainadharma kI apanI vizeSatA hai / 16 vidyAdeviyA~ yA zrutadeviyA~ kevala jaina deva-parivAra meM hI prApta hotI haiN|' sarasvatI vINApustakadhAriNI tathA haMsavAhanA hai / yaha hindU sarasvatI devI ke samAna hI hai| kevala jina mUrti mukuTa meM hone para jaina devI hai aisA prakaTa hotA hai| ambikA devI-isa devI kI pUjA bar3e prAcIna kAla se jaina loga karate rahe haiN| yaha devI jaina AmnAya kI devI svIkAra kI gayI hai, jisa prakAra bauddhoM kI tArAdevI haiM / yadyapi 22veM tIrthaMkara zrI neminAtha ke sAtha inheM sambaddha mAnA jAtA hai kintu sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke sAtha inakI pratimAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| mathurA meM inakI sabase prAcIna mUrti prApta huI hai| yaha mUrti lAla patthara kI hai| zrI jinaprabha 1. Progress report of archaeological survey, West region -1905-1906, page 48 2. Jainism in Rajasthan : K.C. Jain, p.123 3. zrutadevatAM zuklavarNAM haMsavAhanAM caturbhujAM varadakamalAnvitadakSiNakarAM pustakAkSamAlAnvitavAmakarAM ceti / pustakAkSamAlikAhastA vINAhastA srsvtii| 154 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana pantha
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________________ sUri apane vividhatIvaMkalpa meM inako mathurA tIrtha kI adhiSThAtrI devI mAnate haiM tathA sivAhinI batAte hai inake hAtha meM prAya: Amraphala evaM bAlaka vidyamAna rahate haiN| elorA kI prasiddha guphAoM meM bhI ambikA devI kI bahuta-sI mUrtiyAM gar3hI huI haiN| ambikAjI kI vizAla mUrti Amra vRkSa ke nIce baiThI huI dikhalAI gaI hai| zrI neminAtha unake mukuTa para virAjamAna haiN| siMha bhI vidyamAna hai tathA Amra ke vRkSa para mayUra dRSTigata hotA hai| jaina AcAryo evaM bhaktoM ne samaya-samaya para vibhinna uddezyoM ke lie ambikA devI kI vijaya prApta karane ke lie kabhI apanA siddhAnta sthApita karane ke lie aura samAja meM saphalatA ke ambikA devI kI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ navamuni guphAoM, khaNDagiri kI guphAoM evaM dhAGka (kAThiyAvAr3a) meM prApta hotI haiN| DaoN0 sAMkaliyA ke anusAra inakA kAla tIsarI yA cauthI zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| sarasvatI aura ambikA kI ina prAcIna mUrtiyoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye donoM deviyAM svatantra devatA ke rUpa meM prApta hotI haiN| zAsana devatA yA gauNa devatA ke rUpa meM nahIM / ina donoM deviyoM kI pUjA prAcIna kAla se calI A rahI hai| inakA vAhana siMha dikhalAyA gayA hai| dasavIM zatI kI eka dhAtu mUrti ambikA devI kI prApta huI hai| unakI vAyoM bhujA meM baccA hai evaM dAyoM meM... hai| bArahavIM zatAbdI kI eka vizAla mUrti morakhAnA se prApta huI hai| isameM devI siMhavAhinI pratita haiN| pratimAnakSaNa kI dRSTi se ye nizcita rUpa se jainadevI kahI jA sakatI haiN| mUrtikalA kA sundara namUnA hai| narainA ke mandira meM ambikA kI tIna mUrtiyA~ surakSita haiM / inameM devI siMha para baiThI huI haiN| caudahavIM zatI kI dhAtumUti jayapura meM surakSita hai| devI siMha para AruDha hai evaM zizu unakI goda meM hai| tamilanADu ke jaina mandira meM vizAla tathA madhyabhAga meM sthita devI pratimA hai| sira para mukuTa aura kAnoM meM kuNDala zobhita haiN| siMha para baiThI huI haiM, do bhujAeM haiN| eka hAtha se kisI bAlikA kA sparza kara rahI haiM tathA dUsare meM gucchA hai| cAraNa parvata para bhI ambikA kI mUrti milI hai| yaha eka vizAla mUrti hai, do bhujAe~, siMha Adi sabhI kucha hai / kahIM - 2 isa devI ko neminAtha kI yakSiNI bhI batalAyA gayA hai| prArambhika kAla meM tamilanADu meM isa devI kI kAphI pUjA hotI rahI hai| jaina citrakalA meM bhI ambikA devI ke bahuta acche citra upalabdha hote haiN| padmAvatI, jvAlAmAlinI Adi deviyoM ke 200 varSa purAne sundara citra jaina bhANDAgAroM meM surakSita haiM / ArAdhanA kI hai| kabhI zAstrArtha meM lie inakI pUjA kI jAtI rahI hai| vimalazAha ke prasiddha jainamandira meM 20 bhujAoM vAlI ambikA devI kI mUrti bhItarI chata para vidyamAna hai| lalitAsana meM devI siMha para ArUr3ha haiN| unakI bhujAoM meM khaDga, zakti, sarpa, gadA, DhAla, parazu, kamaNDalu, abhayamudrA aura varadamudrA dIkha rahI haiN| zeSa bhujAnoM ke padArtha TUTe hue hone ke kAraNa pahacAna meM nahIM Ate haiN| devI ne sira para mukuTa, kAnoM meM kuNDala, gale meM motiyoM kI mAlA, kamara meM karadhanI, hAthoM meM kaMgana, pairoM meM nUpura adhovastra (sAr3I) aura dupaTTA dhAraNa kiyA huA hai| jvAlAmAlinI devI- yaha yakSiNI hai aura AThaveM tIrthaMkara zrI candraprama ke sAtha rahatI hai| isakI pUjA digambara sampradAya meM kI jAtI hai| bhaiMsa isakA vAhana hai, ATha bhujAe~ haiM jinameM Ayudha haiN| isake varNana ke anusAra yaha jvAlArUpa hai / do hAthoM meM sarpa tathA Ayudha hote haiN| karnATaka meM eka jaina mandira belagolA meM candraprabha ke sAtha jvAlAmAlinI kI pratimA hai / kevala do bhujAe~ haiM evaM siMha inakA Asana hai / jaina devasamudAya meM jvAlAmAlinI yA mahAjvAlA nAma kI eka devI haiN| yaha devI bhI bhaiMse para baiThatI haiM tathA inakI AThoM bhujAoM meM Ayudha hote haiN| pottUra (tamilanADu) meM eka jaina mandira meM isa devI kI mUrti hai| devI kI ATha bhujAe~ haiM jinameM se dAe~ hAthoM meM cakra, abhayamudrA, gadA evaM zUla haiM aura bAyIM bhujAoM meM zaMkha, DhAla, kapAla aura pustaka vidyamAna haiN| mukhamaNDala jvAlAmaya dikhalAyA gayA hai / yaha mUrti hinduoM kI mahAkAlI se kAphI samAnatA rakhatI hai| madrAsa meM yaha pracalita hai ki jainamuni helAcArya (navam zatI) ne jvAlAmAlinI devI kI pUjA pracalita kI thii| nIlagiri parvata para agni devI kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| isa devI ke mantra aura kalpa svatantra rUpa se likhe gaye haiM / isa devI kI pUjA prAyaH tAntrika vidhi se hotI rahI hai aura yaha yakSiNI pUjA kA prArambha karAtI hai| narasiMha pura ke mandira meM jvAlAmAlinI kI pratimA aSTabhujA AyudhadhAriNI milatI hai / isa devI kI karnATaka meM pUjA adhika pracalita hai / sihAyikA devI (pakSiNI ) - tamilanADu meM prApta mUrtiyoM meM eka strI devatA ko yuddha karate hue dikhalAyA gayA hai tathA vaha siMha para AsIna hai / usake do hAthoM meM dhanuSa bANa haiM aura zeSa do meM dUsare Ayudha haiN| devI ke siMha ne zatru ke hAthI ko dharAzAyI kiyA huA hai| yaha siddhAyikA nAma kI yakSiNI hai jo mahAvIra jI kI rakSA meM tatpara rahatI hai / inakI eka mUrti annAmalAI sthAna se bhI prApta huI hai| padmAvatI devI -- isa devI kI pUjA prAcIna kAla se karnATaka meM hotI A rahI hai| navIM dasavIM zatAbdI I0 ke uttaravartI zilAlekhoM evaM pratimAoM se isa tathya kI prAmANika puSTi hotI hai| yadyapi yaha pArzvanAtha kI yakSiNI hai phira bhI svatantra rUpa se bhI isa jaina itihAsa, kalA aura saMskRti 155
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________________ . devI kI pUjA hotI rahI hai| 'padmAvatI-devI-labdha-vara-prAsAda' jaise vizeSaNa milate haiN| kucha loga isakI mAnyatA dvitIya zatAbdI se mAnate haiM, parantu isake vyApaka prabhAva ke pramANa prAyaH dasavIM se 15vIM zatI taka ke milate haiM / aneka grantha, mAhAtmya aura lokakathAe~ isa devI kA ullekha karate haiN| gyArahvIM zatI meM malliSeNa dvArA racita 'bhairavapadmAvatI kalpa' prasiddha hai| mantravidyA aura tantrasamudAya kI vidhi dvArA ina deviyoM kI pUjA hotI thii| paravartI kAla kI bahuta sArI pratimAe~ isa bAta ko pramANita karatI haiM / padmAvatI devI ke svatantra rUpa meM mandira bhI banAye gaye haiM jinameM nAgadA kA prasiddha mandira bhI hai| prAyaH yaha devI pArzvanAtha jI ke sAtha hI pAyI jAtI hai| bArahavIM zatAbdI kI pASANamUrti bagharA meM pAyI gaI hai| isI prakAra kI eka dhAtu mUrti jayapura ke siramauriyA mandira meM sthita hai| isakA kAla 1600 I0 batalAyA jAtA hai| devI ke donoM hAthoM meM zizu haiM Ara mukuTa para pArzvanAtha kI pratimA banI huI hai / jayapura ke dUsare mandira meM padmAvatI kI pASANa mUrtisthApita hai| devI kI cAra bhujAe~ haiM, zAntamudrA hai evaM cAroM bhujAoM meM cAra padArtha haiM / tamilanADu meM prApta pratimAoM meM inakI mUrti bhI milI hai| eka caraNa kamala para sthita, dUsarA nIce kI ora laTakA huA hai| sira para sarpaphaNoM kA mukuTa hai / cAra bhujAe~ haiM, eka meM sarpa, dUsare meM phala, eka meM gadA tathA eka se dUsare kA sparza hai / do paricArikAe~ bhI sevArata haiN| padmAvatI devI ke sAtha sarpa kA sambandha sadA se rahA hai tathA vaha pAtAlavAsinI haiN| mUrtikalA meM sarpa tathA kamala donoM hI suspaSTatayA aMkita kiye jAte rahe haiM / baMgAla meM manasA devI sarpo kI devI ke rUpa meM pUjI jAtI haiN| para ye donoM devI eka hI haiM athavA bhinna-2 haiM aisA koI nirNaya abhI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| mahAkAlI- zvetAmbara sampradAya meM yaha devI kamaloM para sthita hai| cAra bhujAoM vAlI hai tathA varadamudrA, aMkuza, pAza aura kamala dhAraNa kiye hae hai / yaha yakSI bhI hai| vidyAdevI ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai tathA mandA devI hai| vidyAdevI ke rUpa meM murge para baiThI huI hai tathA vana aura kamala hAtha meM lie hue haiN| isa devI kA nAma digambara sampradAya meM vanazRkhalA bhI hai| haMsa isakA vAhana hai tathA isakI bhujAoM meM sarpapAza, mAlA evaM phala suzobhita haiM' yaha bhI yakSiNI tathA vidyAdevI donoM haiM / zvetAmbara pantha meM isakI kAlI, mahAkAlI, kAlikA Adi nAmoM se pUjA karate haiN| devI kA raMga kAlA hai, kamala para sthita haiN| tantroM kI devI kAlI bhI isI prakAra kI hai parantu vaha kamalAsanA nahIM hai|' cakrezvarI-zvetAmbara tathA digambara donoM sampradAyoM meM devI ko cakradhAriNI evaM garuDavAhinI batalAyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra devI aSTa-bhujA hai tathA bANa, gadA, dhanuSa, vaja, zUla, cakra evaM varada mudrA ke cihna haiN| digambara sampradAya meM devI kI yA to cAra bhujAoM vAlI pratimAe~ haiM yA dvAdaza bhujAe~ hotI haiM / dvAdazabhujA devI kI ATha bhujAoM meM cakra vidyamAna hai| yaha devI pahale tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI zAsana devatA hai / garuDa evaM cakra Adi lakSaNoM se evaM nAma se bhI yaha devI hinduoM kI devI vaiSNavI se yA to paryApta samAnatA rakhatI hai yA usase bahuta adhika prabhAvita hai| kucha mUrtikAroM ne hAthoM meM pAza aMkita karake isa devI ko yakSI parivAra kI devatA mAnA hai| parantu cakra hI isakA mukhya lakSaNa hai| bahuta sArI pratimAeM svatantrarUpa meM yA tIrthakara ke sAtha prApta hotI haiM / yathA-devagar3ha tathA mathurA se prApta mUrti dasa bhujAoM vAlI hai| udayagiri (ur3IsA) se prApta pratimA bAdaza bhujA hai| 1. tathA padmAvatI devI kurkuToragavAhanA / svarNavarNA pdmpaashbhRdkssinnkrdvyaa| phalAMkuzadharAbhyAM ca vAmadordhyA virAjitA / / -hemacandra tathotpannA mahAkAlI svarNahuk pdmvaahnaa| dadhAnA dakSiNo bAhuH sadA varadaphAzinau / mAtuliGgAMkuzadharI parI bAhU ca bibhrtii| -hemacandra 3. varadA haMsamArUDhA devatA vajazRkhalA / nAgapAzAkSasUtroruphalahastA cturbhujaa|| (pratiSThAsArasaMgraha) 4. kAlikAdevI zyAmavarNAM pacAsanAM caturbhujAm / varadapAzAdhiSThitadakSiNabhujAM nAgAGa kuzAnvitavAmakarAm / / (nirvANa kalikA) 5. jaina ikonogrAphI, pR0 8-144.45. 156 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana praca :
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________________ zatruJjaya parvata para bane jaina mandiroM se prApta saMgamaramara kI pratimA aSTabhujA hai tathA uparyukta cihnoM se aMkita hai| giranAra 'parvata (gujarAta) para bane tejapAla aura vastupAla ke jaina mandiroM meM 'caturbhujA' devI kI pratimA sthApita hai| Upara ke donoM hAthoM meM cakra tathA nIce ke hAthoM meM mAlA evaM zaMkha suzobhita haiM / devI kA vAhana garuDa bhI dikhAI de rahA hai| yaha zeSa 23 zAsana devatAoM kI nAyikA haiM, tathA sUrimantra, paMca parameSThI aura siddhacakra yantra mantroM kI adhiSThAtrI hai| isake yantroM meM zrI, hrI, kIti, lakSmI Adi devatA bhI pratiSThita haiN| bhairava padmAvatI kalpa meM do sUktoM meM isa devI kI stuti hai tathA donoM meM hI yaha devI cakra tathA garuDa sahita vidyamAna hai| yakSI-briTiza myUjiyama landana meM siMhAsana para baiThI huI yakSI kI pratimA rakhI huI hai| do bhujAe~ haiM, eka caraNa nIce kI ora hai| pratimA bar3I hI sundara bana par3I hai| dUsarI pratimA ATha bhujAoM vAlI yakSI kI hai| isa para aMkita lekha meM yakSI kA nAma sulocanA diyA gayA hai| usake netra sundara haiM tathA unake Upara vAle hAthoM meM mAlA hai| dAyIM ora eka hAtha khaNDita hai, tIsare hAtha meM cakra hai tathA caturtha hAtha varada mudrA meM hai| bAyIM ora kI dUsarI bhujA meM darpaNa hai, tIsare meM zaMkha tathA cauthe meM eka pyAlA hai jo TUTa gayA hai| donoM ora cavaradhAriNiyA~ khar3I haiN| mastaka ke Upara 'jina' kI pratimA hai|' zrI lakSmI-dhana kI devI ke rUpa meM zrI devI kA varNana digambara-sampradAya meM prApta hotA hai / yaha devI cAra bhujAoM vAlI hai tathA hAthoM meM kamala evaM puSpa vidyamAna haiN| yaha gauravarNa devI hai|' zvetAmbara sampradAya meM yahI devI lakSmI ke nAma se prasiddha hai / gajavAhinI hai evaM kamala bhujAoM meM suzobhita hai|' prAcInakAla se hI lakSmI kI pUjA jaina dharma meM hotI rahI hai| dhanaterasa ke dina lakSmI kI vizeSa pUjA sampanna kI jAtI hai| usI dina jaina mahilAeM apane AbhUSaNoM ko dhAraNa karatI haiN| lakSmI kA varNana hindU lakSmI devI se bahuta bhinna nahIM hai / kevala jaina lakSmI gajavAhinI hai jabaki hinduoM ke yahA~ kamalAsana hotI haiN| isa devI kI aneka pratimAeM prAcInakAla se lekara aba taka milatI rahI haiN| yoginiyA~-jaina Akara granthoM meM yoginiyoM kI saMkhyA 64 batalAI gaI hai| inake anusAra ye raudra devatA haiM tathA jina kI AjJAnusAra kArya karatI haiM :-yoginyo bhISaNA raudra devatA: kssetrrksskaaH| ye deviyA~ mUlarUpa se tAntrika deviyA~ haiN| agnipurANa aura mantramahodadhi meM inakA varNana prApta hotA hai| kintu jaina anuyAyI bhI kSetra-rakSaka ke rUpa meM inakI pUjA karate haiM / ye adhikatara bhayaMkara deviyAM haiM, kucha inameM se saumyasvarUpA bhI haiM, kSetrapAloM ke adhIna inako svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| inakI mUrtiyAM to adhika prApta nahIM hotI haiM parantu mantra aura stotra prApta hote haiM tathA kucha pANDulipiyoM meM inake nAma bhI prApta hote haiN| zAntidevI-granthoM meM isa devI kA varNana milatA hai| yaha kamala para baiThI huI hai tathA cAra bhujAoM meM mAlA, kamaNDalu, varadamudrA evaM ghaTa suzobhita hai / gauravarNa hai| yaha devatA jainadharma meM bilkula nayI hai| bauddhadharma evaM hindU dharma meM isa prakAra kI kisI devI kA varNana nahIM milatA hai| jaina loga aisA vizvAsa karate haiM ki yaha devI jainasaMgha kI rakSA karatI hai evaM saMgha ko unnata karatI hai| 1. jaina ikonogrAfI pR0 330-331 2. miDIvala inDiyana skalpacara, pR0-42 3. auM hrIM suvarNe caturbhuje puSpakamaladhanuSahaste, zrI devI mandirapratiSThAvidhAne atrAgaccha / / pItavastrAM suvarNAGgI padmahastAM gajAGkitAm / kSIrodatanayAM devI kAmadhAtrIM namAmyaham / / mahAlakSmyai namaH (jainapAMDulipi: rAmaghATa pustakAlaya) 5. jaina ikonogrAphI, pR0-182-183 6. zAntidevatAM dhavalavarNA kamalAsanAM caturbhujAM, varadAkSasUtra yuktadakSiNakarAM kuNDikAkamaNDaluvAmakarAm / 7. zrIcaturvidhasaMghasya zAsanonnatikAriNI / zivazAntikarI bhUyAt zrImatI zAntidevatA / / (pratiSThAkalpa) jaina itihAsa, kalA aura saMskRti 157
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________________ ina deviyoM ke atirikta brahmANI kI mUrti bagherA ke jaina mandira meM milatI hai| isI prakAra jayapura ke lUNakaraNa jI paNDayA jainamandira meM eka devI kI pratimA hai jisameM devI mahiSa para baiThI huI dikhalAI gaI hai| aSTabhujA devI kI cAra bhujAoM meM talavAra, dhanuSa, bANa aura parazu haiM tathA dUsarI ora zaMkha, cakra evaM do aura vastueM haiN| ina pratimAoM para nizcita rUpa se tAntrika prabhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai| hindU devI-devatA bhI jaina mandiroM meM sthAna pA jAte haiM / isa prakAra jaina-dharma ne hindU dharma ke prati udAratA evaM sahiSNutA kA paricaya diyA hai / sItA, lakSmI, durgA Adi deviyoM kI sthApanA eva pUjA gauNa devatAoM ke rUpa meM kI gaI hai| deviyoM kI pUjA itane adhika parimANa meM jainadharma meM pracalita thI aura abhI bhI cala rahI hai / yaha isa bAta kA paricAyaka hai ki zaktipUjA yA zAkta mata kA prabhAva jainadharma para yatheSTa par3A hai| bhArata meM zaktipUjA yA devIpUjA janamAnasa meM hara pradeza meM vyApta ho gaI hai| jainadharma lokadharma hone ke kAraNa isa dhArA ko roka nahIM sakA aura usane ise AtmasAt kara liyaa| jainadharma kI yahI vizeSatA usako abhI taka pramukha dharma ke rUpa meM jIvita rakha rahI hai| vidyAdevI ko vizeSa pUjA vyakta karatI hai ki jaina AcAryoM ne bhAratIya vidyAnidhi meM bhI amUlya yogadAna diyA hai| sandarbha grantha : 1. bhaTTAcArya-jaina ikonogrAphI, landana-1636 2. kailAzacandra jaina-jainijma ina rAjasthAna, zolApura-1963 3. mohanalAla bhagavAnadAsa jhaverI-zrIbhairavapadmAvatIkalpa, ahamadAbAda-1644 4. raghunandanaprasAda tivArI-bhAratIya citrakalA aura mUlatattva, dillI-1973 5. AcAradinakara (14vIM zatI)-pANDulipi 6. progresa riporTa Apha Arkiyolojikala sarve-pazcima khaMDa-1905-6 7. pI0 bI0 desAI-jainijma ina sAutha inDiyA, zolApura-1657 8. epigrAphikA karNATikA-khaNDa (II) 9. gupte-ikonogrAphI Apha ajantA eNDa elorA 10. benjamIna rolenDa-ArTa enDa ArkiTekcara Apha inDiyA 11. rAmaprasAda candA-miDIvala inDiyana skalpacara, dillI jainadharma meM pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke sAtha zAsanadevatA ke rUpa meM eka yakSa aura eka yakSiNI kA zAstrIya vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| tiloyapaNNattikAra ne caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI yakSiNiyoM kI sUcI isa prakAra se dI hai cakrezvarI, rohiNI, prajJapti, vavazRkhalA, vajrAMkuzA, apraticakrezvarI, puruSadattA, manovegA, kAlI, jvAlAmAlinI, mahAkAlI, gaurI, gAMdhArI, bairATI, solasA, anantamati, mAnasI, mahAmAnasI, jayA, vijayA, aparAjitA, baharUpiNI, kUSmANDI. pamA aura siddhaayinii| tIrthaMkara kI mAtA dvArA dekhe gae solaha svapnoM meM lakSmI kA ullekha AtA hai| prathamAnuyoga ke dharma granthoM meM sarasvatI ko medhA evaM buddhi kI adhiSThAtrI devI ke rUpa meM samAdRta kiyA gayA hai| harivaMzapurANakAra ne bAIsaveM adhyAya meM vidyAdeviyoM-prajJapti, rohiNI ityAdi kA ullekha kiyA hai| jinAgama meM brAhmI, sundarI, sItA, draupadI ityAdi aneka guNasampanna mahilAoM ko satI ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| zilpakAroM evaM kaviyoM ne unakI pratiSThA meM mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa evaM granthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai / Adya tIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI yakSiNI cakrezvarI kI mUrti kaMkAlI TIle se prApta hotI hai / ambikA, sarasvatI, padmAvatI ityAdi aneka yakSiNiyoM evaM deviyoM kI manojJa pratimA bhI naye utkhananoM se nirantara prApta ho rahI haiN| kintu khedapUrvaka kahanA par3a rahA hai ki aneka jaina yakSa-yakSaNiyoM kI mUrtiyoM ko zAstrIya jAnakArI ke abhAva meM anya dharmoM ke mUrti samUha meM sammilita kara liyA jAtA hai / jaina samAja ko apane purAtAttvika vaibhava kI rakSA ke lie jaina mUti kalA evaM usake vikAsa se sambandhita sAhitya kA bar3I mAtrA meM vitaraNa karAnA caahie| 0 sampAdaka - AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana prastha