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________________ jaina dharma kA mUlAdhAra : samyagdarzana DaoN. premasiMha rAThaur3a jaise aNurUpa bIja meM virATa vRkSa hone kI zakti hai, kintu usakI abhivyakti tabhI ho sakatI hai jaba use anukUla pAnI, prakAza aura pavana kI upalabdhi hotI hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM bhI yahI satya hai ki AtmA meM ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha aura ananta vIrya hone para bhI usakI abhivyakti nahIM ho rahI hai| isa zakti kI anubhUti aura abhivyakti ko sAdhanA kahA jA sakatA hai| isakI prApti ke lie jaina darzana meM ratnatrayI kI sAdhanA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ratnatrayI kA artha hai samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI prApti / vastutaH yahI mokSamArga hai| "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" --ta. sU. 1-1 yahA mArga kA artha paMtha evaM rAstA nahIM hai, balki mArga kA artha hai sAdhana evaM upAya / mokSa kA mArga kahIM bAhara meM nahIM hai, vaha sAdhaka ke antara caitanya meM hI hai, usakI antarAtmA meM hI hai| samyagdarzana AtmasattA kI AsthA hai| jar3a aura caitanya kA bheda karanA hI samyagdarzana kA vAstavika uddezya hai| jise Atmabodha aura cetanA kA bodha ho jAtA hai, vahI AtmA yaha nizcaya kara sakatI hai ki maiM zarIra nahIM hUM, maiM mana nahIM hUM kyoMki yaha saba kucha bhautika evaM pudgalamaya hai| isake viparIta maiM caitanya hUM, AtmA hUM tathA abhautika hUM, jar3a se sarvadA bhinna hUM, maiM jJAna svarUpa hUM evaM pudgala kabhI jJAna svarUpa nahIM ho sakatA hai| jabaki AtmA aura pudagala meM isa prakAra mUlata: sva-svarUpataH vibheda hai / taba donoM ko eka mAnanA adhyAtmakSetra meM sabase bar3A ajJAna hai aura sabase bar3A mithyAtva hai| yaha ajJAna aura mithyAtva samyagdarzana mUlaka samyagjJAna se bhI dUra ho sakatA hai| sAdhaka ko yahI samajhanA hai ki AtmA meM anantakAla se jo pudgala ke prati mamatA hai, usa mamatA ko dUra kara diyA jAya to phira ve AtmA kA kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakate haiN| samyakajJAna kA artha hai AtmA ke vizuddha svarUpa kA jJAna / Atma-vijJAna kI upalabdhi hone ke bAda anya bhautika jJAna ke abhAva meM bhI AtmA kA kucha banatA-bigar3atA nahIM hai| jJAna kI alpajJatA bhayaMkara nahIM hai, usako ajJAnarUpa viparItatA hI bhayaMkara hai / AtmajJAna yadi kaNa-bhara hai to vaha mana bhara bhautika jJAna se bhI adhika zreSThatara hai, zreSThatama hai / Atma-sAdhanA meM jJAna kI vipulatA apekSita nahIM hai, kintu jJAna kI vizuddhatA apekSita hai| pratIti aura upalabdhi ke sAtha AcaraNa Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya hI hai| jaina darzana kahatA hai ki vizvAsa ko vicAra meM badalo aura vicAra ko AcAra meM badalo, tabhI sAdhanA paripUrNa hogii| adhyAtmavAdI darzana meM jIvana kA sabase bar3A lakSya "sva-svarUpa kI upalabdhi, sva-svarUpa meM lInatA aura sva-svarUpa meM ramaNatA hai| zAstra kI paribhASA meM isI ko bhAva-cAritra kahA hai| jIvana vikAsa ke lie dravya aura bhAva donoM kI AvazyakatA hai| manuSya kyA hai ? vaha apane vizvAsa, vicAra aura AcAra kA pratiphala hai| dRSTi kI vimalatA se hI jIvana amala aura dhavala banatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina darzana meM vicAra aura AcAra ke pahale dRSTi kI vizuddhi para vizeSa lakSya aura bala diyA gayA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI "adhyAtmasAra" ke caturtha prabandha dvAdaza adhyAya samyaktvAdhikAra meM likhate haiM manaHzuddhizcasamyaktve, satyeva paramArthataH / tadvinA mohagarbhAso pratyapAyAnubaMdhinI / / (samyak guNa hone para hI paramArtha se mana kI zuddhi hotI hai, samyaktva ke abhAva meM manazuddhi mohagarbhita hotI hai, jo kaSTa-baMdhanakArI hotI hai)| samyaktva sahitA evaM zuddha dAnAdi kA: kriyAH / tAsAM mokSaphale proktA, yadasya sahakAritA / / 2 / / (dAnAdi kriyA samyaktva sahita hone para hI zuddha hotI hai, mokSa phala prApti meM samyaktva sahAyaka hai) / bI. ni. saM. 2503 153 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kurvANopi kriyA jJAti dhana bhogAMstyajannapi / duHkhasyoro dadAnopi, nAMdhA jayati vairiNam / / 3 / / (saba kriyAeM karatA ho, jAti, dhana aura bhoga kA tyAga karatA ho, parantu jaise aMdhA vyakti zatru ko jIta nahIM sakatA, usI prakAra samyaktva ke abhAva meM siddhi prApta nahIM ho sktii)| kurvannirvRtti madhyevaM kAmabhogostya jannapi / dukhaH sporodadAnopi mithyAdRSTirnasidhyati / / 4 / / (saMtoSa dhAraNa kiyA ho, kAmabhoga kA tyAga kiyA ho aura duHkha / ko sahana karatA ho, parantu agara mithyAdRSTi ho to siddhi prApta nahIM hotii| kanI nikeva netrasya kusubhasyeva saurabham / samyakttvAmucyate sAra: sarveSAM dharmakarmaNAm / / 5 / / (naitra kA sAra usakI kIkI, puSpa kA sAra jaise sugandha, aise hI saba dharmoM kA sAra samyaktva hai)| tatvazraddhAna metacca gaditaM jina zAsane / sarve jIvA na haMtavyA sUtre tatva mitISyate // 6 // (tatva meM zraddhA rakhanA samyaktva hai, aisA jinazAsana meM kahA hai| saba jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM karanA, yaha tatva hai, aisA sUtra meM kahA hai|) samyak darzana ko kisI nadI, samudra, devI-devatA, parvata, cAMdasuraja Adi kI dhAraNA vizeSa ke sAtha bAMdha denA jaina darzana kI mUla prakriyA se haTa jAnA hai| jar3a-sattA para vizvAsa karanA samyagdarzana nahIM hai, balkiH caitanya-zakti para vizvAsa karanA hI samyagdarzana hai| ___ "nAdasaNissa nANaM" --utta0 28-30 samyaktva ke binA jJAna nahIM hotaa| samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM jJAna aura cAritra kI sAdhanA kA mahala, zaMkAoM, aMdhavizvAsoM Adi ke jarAse aMdhar3a se Dhaha jaavegaa| brahmasamAja ke vikhyAta tatvavettA kezavacandra ne eka bAra zrI rAmaSNa se pUchA--"loga cAhe jitane ucca koTi ke vidvAna kyoM na hoM, phira bhI ve mAyAjAla meM phaMse hI rahate haiN|" isakA kAraNa kyA hai ? zrI rAmakRSNa ne upamA dete hue samajhAyA-- "cIle AkAza meM bahuta UMcAI taka zuddha vAyamaMDala meM ur3atI rahatI haiM, lekina unakI najara nIce par3e hue mRta prANI ke mAMsa aura haDDI para rahatI hai| isI taraha cAhe hama kitanI hI UMcI kitAbeM par3ha leM, lekina jaba taka hamArI najara sApha aura sahI nahIM hogI, taba taka hama kAma, krodha, moha, lobha Adi ke mAyAjAla meM phaMse rheNge| korI vidyA par3hane se samyak jJAna prApta nahIM hotA, usake lie samyagdRSTi caahie| samyagdRSTi kA AcAra pApa pradhAna nahIM hotaa| AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA hai-'samattadaMsI na karei pAvaM / " samyagdarzana ke divya Aloka meM bAhya duHkhoM ke bIca bhI AMtarika sukhoM kA ajasra srota phuuttegaa| samyagdRSTi AtmA pratikUlatA meM bhI anu kUlatA kA anubhava karatA hai aura mithyAdRSTi AtmA anukUlatA meM bhI pratikUlatA kA anubhava karatA hai| samyaktva dharma ke prabhAva se nIca se nIca puruSa bhI deva ho jAtA hai aura usake abhAva meM ucca se ucca bhI adhama ho jAtA hai / AcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDaka meM kahA hai-- samyagdarzana sampannamapimAtaMga dehajam / devA devaM vidurbhasma gUDhAgArAnta raujasam / / (cAMDAla ke zarIra se paidA huA vyakti bhI samyagdarzana sampanna ho to devatA use rAkha meM chipe hue aMdara se tejasvI aMgAroM kI taraha divyadRSTi deva kahate haiN)| bhAratIya darzana kA kathana hai ki--"jaba taka martya aura amRta aMzoM ko ThIka se nahIM samajhA jAyagA evaM usakA samyak vikAsa nahIM kiyA jAvegA , taba taka manuSya apUrNa hI rhegaa| adhyAtmavAdI manuSya zarIra kI sattA se inkAra nahIM karatA, usako vivekadRSTi zarIra ke andara sthita divya aMza kA bhI sAkSAtkAra karatI hai| AtmavAdI ke jIvana meM bhoga-vilAsa Adi kA bhI astitva rahatA hai, kintu inakI prApti evaM upabhoga hI usake jIvana kA sAdhya nahIM banatA, bhoga se yoga kI ora agrasara hone meM hI usakI saphalatA hai| vaha sadA aMdhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3hane kA vizvAsa lekara calatA hai--"Aroha tamaso jyoti"| zramaNa sAhitya ke atirikta vaidika sAhitya meM bhI samyagdarzana kI mahimA kama nahIM hai| vahAM Rta, satya, samatva Adi zabdoM se isI ora iMgita kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana zabda prayukta huA hai, parantu bahuta hI kama / gItA meM kahA hai--"samatvaM yoga ucyate"-- samatva sabase bar3A yoga hai| maharSi manu ne likhA hai-- samyagdarzana saMpanna karmabhirna nibadhyate darzanena vihInastu saMsAraM pratipadyate / (samyagdarzana se sampanna vyakti karmabaddha nahIM hotA, saMsAra meM paribhramaNa vahIM karatA hai jo samyagdarzana vihIna hotA hai)| samyaktvI sAdhaka upazama se krodha ko, vinaya se mAna ko, saralatA se mAyA ko, saMtoSa se lobha ko, samabhAva se IrSyA ko, prema se ghRNA ko jItane kA abhyAsa karatA hai| ina para vijaya pAnA hI samyaktvI kI prAthamika sAdhanA hai| samyaktvI bhASA, pradeza, jAti, dharma, artha, zAstra, paMtha Adi kisI bhI kSetra meM Aveza, Agraha yA pakSapAta ke vazIbhUta nahIM hotA hai / adhyAtmavAdI vyakti kA jIvana UrdhvamukhI hotA hai aura bhogavAdI vyakti kA jIvana adhomukhI hotA hai| apAmArga eka auSadhi hotI hai, use auMdhA-kAMTA bhI kahate haiN| usameM kAMTe bhare rahate haiN| yadi koI vyakti apane hAtha se usako pakar3a kara apane hAtha ko usake nIce kI ora le jAya to usakA hAtha kAMToM se chilatA calA jAegA, usakA hAtha lahuluhAna ho jAyagA aura yadi usa TahanI ko pakar3a kara apane hAtha ko nIce se Upara kI ora le jAya to usake hAtha meM eka bhI kAMTA nahIM lgegaa| yaha jIvana kA eka marma bharA rahasya hai| samyagdRSTi 154 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ aura mithyAvRSTi ke jIvana meM yahI saba kucha ghaTita hotA rahatA hai| mithyAdRSTi adhomukhI hai, vaha saMsAra aura parivAra ke sukha-dukhAtmaka hajAroM-hajAroM kAMToM se biMdhatA rahatA hai aura chilatA rahatA hai| parantu samyagdRSTi isa saMsAra va parivAra meM Urdhva bana kara rahatA hai, jisase saMsAra ke sukha-duHkhAtmaka apAmArga ke kAMToM kA usake adhyAtma-jIvana para jarAsA bhI prabhAva nahIM par3a paataa| adhyAtmajIvana kI yaha sabase bar3I kalA hai| adhyAtmazAstra meM jIvana kI isa kalA ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| mithyAdRSTi AtmA svarga meM UMcA car3ha kara bhI nIce giratA hai aura samyagdRSTi AtmA nIce naraka meM jAkara bhI apane UrdhvamukhI jIvana ke kAraNa nIce se UMce kI ora agrasara hotA rahatA hai| yaha saba kucha dRSTi kA khela hai / dRSTi kA bheda hai| samyagdarzana vaha nirmala dhArA hai, jisameM nimajjita hokara sAdhaka apane mana ke maila ko dho DAlatA hai| hamAre jIvana ke Adi meM samyagdarzana ho, madhya meM samyagdarzana ho aura aMta meM samyagdarzana ho, tabhI hamArA jIvana maMgalamaya hogaa| samyagdarzana prApta karane kA artha yaha nahIM hai ki pahale kabhI darzana nahIM thA aura aba nayA utpanna ho gayA hai| samyagdarzana kI utpatti kA artha itanA hI hai ki AtmA kA jo darzana guNa AtmA meM anantakAla se thA, usa darzana gaNa kI mithyAta paryAya ko tyAga kara Apane usakI samyak paryAya ko prakaTa kara liyA hai| bhagavAna kI vANI, guru kA upadeza aura zAstra kA svAdhyAya sAdhaka ke jIvana meM koI nayA tatva nahIM ur3elate, balki jo kucha DhaMkA huA hotA hai, usI ko prakaTa karane meM sahAyatA karate haiN| samyagdarzana kA varNana vibhinna granthoM meM vibhinna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| kisI grantha meM jIva Adi nava padArthoM ke athavA jIva Adi sAta tatvoM ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| kisI grantha meM Apta, Agama aura dharma ke yathArtha zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| kisI grantha meM sva para vivekaH ko athavA bheda vijJAna ko samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| vyAkhyA aura paribhASA bhinna hone para bhI unameM kevala zAbdika bheda hI hai, lakSya sabakA eka hI hai, jar3a se bhinna cetana sattA para AsthA rkhnaa| samyagdarzana eka prakAra se viveka ravi hai jisake udaya hone para mithyAtva kA ghora aMdhakAra raha nahIM paataa| samyagdarzana na to kisI jAti kA dharma hai na kisI rASTra kA dharma hai aura na vaha kisI paMtha vizeSa kA dharma hai, vaha to eka mAtra AtmA kA dharma hai| samyagdarzana kI paribhASA ke tIna prakAra upalabdha haiM-tatvArtha zraddhAna, deva-guru-dharma para vizvAsa aura AtmA-anAtmA kA bhedavijJAna / tatvArtha zradvAna dArzanika jagata kI vastu, bheda-vijJAna adhyAtma zAstra kA viSaya rahA aura deva-guru-dharma para vizvAsa yaha saMpradAya saMbaMdhI darzana rhaa| kintu nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se Atma-anAtma kA bheda vijJAna hI samyagdarzana hai| isake abhAva meM na to tatvoM para zraddhA hotI hai aura na deva-garu-dharma para vizvAsa / yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki deva-garu-dharma para zraddhA kA siddhAnta sundara aura udAra hote hue bhI, usakA upayoga jaba paMtha tathA saMpradAyavAda kI puSTi meM kiyA jAtA hai to Atma-gaNoM ke vikAsa meM bAdhA utpanna hotI hai| antardRSTi ke sthAna para bAhyadRSTi' ko pradhAnatA milatI hai| sAmAnyataH karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra samyaktva yA samyagdarzana kI utpatti darzana mohanIya ke kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama ke kAraNa udaya meM nahIM Ane se hotI hai| utpatti ke nimitta kAraNoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara samyagdarzana ke dasa bheda uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM isa prakAra batalAe haiMnisagguvaesarUI, ANArUI, suta-bIyarUimeva / abhigama-vitthArarUI, kiriyA-saMkheva-dhammarUI / / utta. 28-16 (nisargaruci, upadezaruci, AjJAruci, sUtraruci, bIjaruci, abhigamaruci, vistAraruci, kriyAruci, saMkSeparuci aura dharmaruci) sthAnAMgasUtra (10-751) aura prajJApanA (pada 1, sUtra 74) meM bhI ina bhedoM kA isI prakAra ullekha milatA hai| parantu yahAM samyagdarzana ke dhAraka samyagdRSTi ke prathamata: "sarAga" aura "vItarAga' ke bheda se do bheda karake sarAga-samyagdRSTi ke uparokta dasa bheda batalAe haiN| AcArya guNabhadra racita "AtmAnuzAsana' meM bhI dasa bheda batalAe haiM, parantu vahAM para unake sAtha ruci zabda nahIM jor3A gayA hai tathA unake nAma evaM krama meM bhI kucha antara hai AjJAmArga samudbhavamupadezAt sUtra bIja saMkSepAt vistArArthAbhyAM bhavamavagAr3ha, paramAvAdigAr3he ca / / -AtmAnuzAsana zloka 11 (AjJA, mArga, upadeza, sUtra, bIja, saMkSepa, vistAra, artha, avagAr3ha aura prmaavgaaddh')| nimitta kAraNa kI vividhatA ke kAraNa yadyapi samyagdarzana ke aneka bheda ho sakate haiM tathApi utpatti ke prati nimitta kAraNa kI apekSA aura anapekSA kI dRSTi se saMkSepa meM do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM-1.nisargaja samyagdarzana (jo samyagdarzana binA kisI para-saMyoga evaM bAhyanimitta se prakaTa hotA hai vaha nisargaja smygdrshn)| 2.adhigamaja samyagdarzana (isameM zAstra, svAdhyAya Adi kisI para-saMyoga kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne tatvArtha sUtra meM batalAyA hai"tanisargAdadhigamAdvA" -ta. sUtra 1-3 (vaha samyagdarzana nisarga arthAt pariNAma mAtra se athavA adhigamabAhya nimitta se utpanna hotA hai)| yadi uparyukta dasa bhedoM ko ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAya to nisargaruci ko chor3a kara zeSa sabhI para-sApekSa haiM / isake atirikta karmoM ke kSaya, upazama aura kSayopazama ke bheda se samyagdarzana ke anya tIna bheda bhI kahe haiM -- karmaNA kSayataH zAnte, kSayopazama tastathA, zraddhAnaM trividha bodhyaM / -yazastilaka caMpU pR. 323 vI. ni.saM. 2503 155 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ AtmA meM hai, usakA vizvAsa karma meM bhI hogA, paraloka meM bhI hogA aura mukti meM bhI hogaa| Atma-vizvAsa hI sabase bar3A samyagdarzana hai| yaha jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai ki kisa bindu se sAdhanA prArambha kreN| uttara yahI hai ki kisI bhI samyak bindu se AraMbha kI huI sAdhanA sAdhya kI parama UMcAI ko prApta karAtI hai, kyoMki bhItara meM sAdhanA kI jar3eM pratyeka mahAnatA se jur3I huI haiN| ye pAMcoM yA inameM se koI bhI eka lakSaNa yadi milatA hai to samajhanA cAhiye ki samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi ho cukI hai| samyagdarzana ke pAMca aticAra batalAye gaye haiN| aticAra kA artha hai kisI bhI prakAra kI aMgIkRta maryAdA kA ullaMghana krnaa| Atma-vizuddhi kA jo aMza jAgRta kiyA hai, usako . dUSita karanA aticAra kahA jAtA hai| pAMca prakAra ke aticAra samyagdarzana kI prApti ko "bodhilAbha" bhI kahA hai"sammaiMsaNarattA...sulahA tesiMbhave bohi"-utta. 36-258 pratyeka vastu ko jAnane ke lie lakSaNa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| samyagdarzana ke pAMca lakSaNa vyavahAra naya kI dRSTi se batalAe gae haiN| nizcaya naya se to sva-svarUpa para AsthA honA hI samyagdRSTi kA vAstavika lakSaNa hai| pAMca lakSaNa haiM-prazama, saMvega, nirveda, anukaMpA aura Astikya / 1. prazama-kaSAya kI maMdatA hI vastutaH prazama hai| eka vyakti krodha Ane para bhI jaba zAnta rahatA hai taba samajhanA cAhiye ki usameM prazama guNa haiN| lobha, mAna, aura mAyA ke sambandha meM bhI isI prakAra samajhanA caahiye| kaSAya ke udayakAla meM kaSAya kA upazama karanA sahaja aura AsAna kAma nahIM hai| yaha apane Apa meM bahuta bar3A tapa hai aura eka bar3I sAdhanA hai| vikAra kA kAraNa rahate hue bhI vikAra kI abhivyakti na hone denA yaha AtmA kA asAdhAraNa guNa hai| isa guNa ko prazama kahate haiN| 2. saMvega-AtmA ke UrdhvamukhI bhAva-vega ko hI saMvega kahA jAtA hai| saMvega kA dUsarA artha hai bhava-bhIti / saMvega kA tIsarA artha hai bhava-baMdhana se mukta hone kI abhiruci, saMsAra ke padArthoM meM abhiruci kA abhAva aura mokSa meM abhiruci kA bhAva, jaba jIvana meM sAkAra ho jAtA hai to samajhanA cAhiye ki usa jIvana meM samyagdarzana ke pIyUSa kI varSA ho rahI hai| saMvega se kyA prApta hotA hai, isake uttara meM kahA gayA hai-"saMvegeNaM aNuttaraM dhammasaddhaM jaNayai . . . . . . sohie ya NaM visuddhAe tacca puNo bhavaggahaNaM nAikkamai (utta. 29-2:) / saMvega se jIva anuttara-dharma-zraddhA ko prApta hotA hai| parama dharma zraddhA se zIghra hI saMvega AtA hai| anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kA kSaya hone se mithyAtva vizuddhi kara darzana kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| darzana vizuddhi ke kAraNa vizuddha ho kara kaI eka jIva usI janma meM siddha hote haiM aura kucha haiM jo darzanavizuddhi se vizuddha hone para tIsare bhava kA atikramaNa nahIM karate haiN| 3. nirveda-isakA artha hai vairAgya, virakti aura anAsakti nirveda se jIva deva, manuSya aura tiryaMca-saMbaMdhI kAma-bhogoM se zIghra hI mukti ko prApta hotA hai| 4. anukaMpA--anukaMpA, dayA aura karuNA ina tInoM kA eka hI artha hai / karuNA aura dayA kA artha hai-hRdaya kI vaha sukomala bhAvanA jisase vyakti apane duHkha se nahIM balki dUsare ke duHkha se dravita ho jAtA hai| jo samartha vyakti apane jIvana meM kisI ke AMsU na poMcha sakA, vaha vyakti kisI bhI prakAra kI dharma-sAdhanA kaise kara sakatA hai ? samyagdarzana kI prApti meM anukaMpA eka anivArya kAraNa hai| 5. Astikya-Astikya kA artha hai vizvAsa / pudgala meM nahIM AtmA meM hI vizvAsa honA cAhiye / jisakA vizvAsa apanI 1. zaMkA-zaMkA rahate hue na jIvana kA vikAsa ho sakatA hai aura na adhyAtma-sAdhanA meM saphalatA hI milatI hai| "saMzayAtmA vinazyati" (gItA) / isa ukti ke anusAra saMzayI apanI zakti evaM svayaM kA nAza karatA hai| parantu jJAna prApti evaM tatva nirNaya ke liye jo zaMkA kI jAtI hai, vaha aticAra kI koTi meM nahIM AtI hai-"na saMzayamanArudhya naro bhadrANi pshyti"| kintu eka bAra jaba kisI tatva kA samyak samAdhAna ho jAtA hai aura jaba samyak prakAza se svIkRta siddhAnta ko jIvana meM sAkAra karane kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai, usa samaya sAdhanA meM jo zaMkA evaM saMzaya upasthita hotA hai, vaha sAdhaka ke jIvana kI sabase burI sthiti hai| usa sthiti se bacane ke liye sAdhaka ko cetAvanI dI gaI hai| saMzaya sAdhanA meM eka prakAra kA viSa hai| 2. kAMkSA-kisI-kisI grantha meM kAMkSA ke sthAna para AkAMkSA zabda kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| donoM kA eka hI sAmAnya artha hai-icchA aura abhilASA / parantu yahAM para isakA eka vizeSa artha meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jaba eka sAdhaka kisI anya vyakti kI pUjA aura pratiSThA ko dekhakara, usake vaibhava aura vilAsa ko dekha kara apanI sAdhanA ke prati AsthA chor3a detA hai aura pUjA evaM pratiSThA kI abhilASA karatA hai, yahI kAMkSA hai| jo siddhAnta, sAdhanA tathA kriyAkAMDa samyaktva ke paripoSaka na hoM, ve sabhI para-dharma haiN| 3. vicikitsA-vicikitsA kA artha hai phala kI prApti meM saMdeha krnaa| vicikitsA sAdhaka kI niSThA zakti ko durbala banAtI hai| isase bacane kA eka hI upAya hai ki mana meM phala kI AkAMkSA kiye binA apanI sAdhanA ko nirantara karate rhnaa| yahI sAdhanA kA ekamAtra rAjamArga hai| "karmaNyevAdhikAraste mA phaleSu kadAcana"-gItA ke isa siddhAnta ko jIvana meM vyavahRta karane se vicikitsA nahIM panapa sktii| rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 4.-5. mithyAdRSTi prazaMsA aura mithyAvRSTi saMstava-prazaMsA kA artha hai kisI kI stuti karanA, kisI ke guNoM kA utkIrtana karanA / saMstava kA artha hai kisI kA paricaya karanA, kisI se melajola bddh'aanaa| prazna yaha hai ki yahAM para prazaMsA aura saMstava ko aticAra doSa aura dUSar3a kyoM mAnA gayA hai ? manuSya ke mana para saMgati aura vAtAvaraNa kA prabhAva bahuta adhika par3atA hai| eka mithyAdRSTi vyakti kI saMgati aura vAtAvaraNa meM rahane vAlA vyakti kabhI na kabhI apane mArga ko chor3a kara usake raMga meM raMga jaavegaa| pASaMDa zabda ke vividha granthoM meM vividha artha kiye gaye haiN| eka artha hai patha bhraSTa vyakti, dUsarA artha hai paMtha evaM sampradAya aura tIsarA artha hai vrt| samyaktvI kI sAdhanA bhogapradhAna nahIM hotI hai| iMdriyoM aura viSayoM ke saMyoga se prApta hone vAle sukha parApekSI hone se "para" kahalAte haiN| ina sukhoM kI AkAMkSA se kiye gaye vrata "para-pASaMDa" haiM / AcArya haribhadra ne pASaMDa zabda kA artha vrata kiyA hai-"pAkhaNDa vrata mithyaahu"| aise vrata ko svIkAra karane vAle parapAkhaMDI kahalAte haiN| parapAkhaMDI dharmavihIna hote haiM aura indriyoM ke sukha ko mahatva dete haiM, jabaki samyagdRSTi Atma-darzana karanA cAhatA hai| donoM ke sAdhya bhinna hone se samyaktvI na to parapAkhaMDa rUpa vratoM ko svIkAra karatA hai aura na parapAkhaMDI kI prazaMsA hI karatA hai|| samyaktva ke doSoM kA varNana karate samaya yaha kahA gayA hai ki aticAroM ko samajho avazya para unakA AcaraNa bhUla kara bhI nahIM karanA / pApa ko samajhanA to Avazyaka hai, kintu usakA AcaraNa nahIM karanA cAhiye, usakA samajhanA isalie Avazyaka hai ki hama samaya para usa pApa se baca skeN| jisa vyakti meM samyagdarzana hotA hai usa vyakti kA AcaraNa kaisA hotA hai| zAstrIya bhASA meM ise darzanAcAra kahate haiN| nissaMkiya nikkAMkhiya, nimviIttigicchA amUDhadiTThIya / uvavUha thirIkaraNe vacchalla pabhAvaNe atttth|| utta. 28-31 (niHzaMkA, niSkAMkSA, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upavRhaMNa, sthirIkaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA-ye ATha samyaktva ke aMga haiN)| 1. niHzaMkatA-isakA artha hai sarvajJa aura vItarAga kI vANI meM kisI prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanA / jIvana meM satya ke prati agAdha AsthA hI vastutaH niHzaMkatA hai| 2. niSkAMkSatA-niSkAMkSatA kA artha hai kisI bhI prakAra ke avihita evaM maryAdAhIna bhoga padArtha kI icchA aura abhilASA na karanA / sAdhanA kI saphalatA ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki mana meM kisI bhI padArtha ke prati sAdhanA patha se patita karane vAlA AkarSaNa na ho| 3. nivicikitsA-isakA artha hai ki zarIra ke doSoM para dRSTi na rakhate hue AtmA ke sadguNoM se prema krnaa| guNadRSTi aura guNAnurAga hI nirvicikitsA kA pradhAna uddezya hai| nirvicikitsA kA eka artha yaha bhI hai ki mana meM yaha vikalpa nahIM rakhanA cAhiye ki mujhe merI sAdhanA kA phala milegA yA nhiiN| isakA eka yaha bhI artha kiyA jAtA hai ki saMyama parAyaNa evaM tapodhana muni malaklinna, kRzatana aura veza ko dekha kara glAni na krnaa| 4. amur3hadRSTitA-jIvana meM viveka sthira karane ke liye mUr3hatA kA parityAga karanA paramAvazyaka hai| zAstroM meM aneka prakAra kI mUr3hatAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai-lokamUr3hatA, zAstramUr3hatA, devamUr3hatA aura gurumuuddh'taa| (a) lokamUr3hatA meM una sabhI pApoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai jo loka evaM samAja kI aMdha-zraddhA ke bala para calate haiN| samAja meM pracalita rUr3hiyAM bhI lokamar3hatA kA hI eka rUpa haiN| (ba) zAstramUr3hatA-samyagdRSTi jIva kisI bhI zAstra ko taba mAnatA hai jabaki vaha usakI kasauTI kara letA hai| jaba eka vyakti kahatA hai ki merI saMpradAya kA zAstra hI saccA hai, anya saba jhUThe to yaha bhI eka prakAra kI zAstramUr3hatA hI hai| (sa) deva mUr3hatA-vikAroM ke pUrNa vijetA aura vItarAgI deva ko deva na mAna kara vikArI deva ko deva mAnanA, devamUr3hatA hai (da) gurumar3hatA-sAdhanAbhraSTa aura caritrahIna vyakti ko guru mAnanA gurumUr3hatA hai| isakA yaha bhI artha liyA jAtA hai ki parIkSA ke binA hI hara kisI ko guru svIkAra kara lenA aura phira svArtha siddha na hone para parityAga kara denA aura kisI anya ko andhabhAva se guru banA lenA gurumUr3hatA hai yaha bhI tyAjya hai| 5. upabaM haNa-isakA artha hai vRddhi karanA, bar3hAnA yA poSaNa karanA / na apane satkarma kI avahelanA karanI cAhiye aura na dUsare ke satkarma kii| jahAM taka ho sake sadguNoM evaM satkarmoM ko bar3hAvA denA caahiye| upabRhaNa zabda ke sthAna para upaguhana zabda bhI prayukta huA hai| isakA artha hai "chipaanaa"| samyagdRSTi ko aisA AcaraNa nahIM karanA cAhiye jisase dharma aura usakI saMskRti kI lokanindA ho| kadAcit kisI kAraNa se dharma kI avahelanA hotI bhI ho, to use dUra karanA hI upagUna kahA jAtA hai| paradoSa darzana kI pravRtti bar3I hI bhayaMkara hai| dUsaroM ke doSoM kA sudhAra to karanA cAhiye, parantu usakI nindA ke Dhola nahIM bajAnA caahiye| dUsaroM ke doSoM kA upagUhana karake usake guNoM kA Adara karo, usake guNoM kI abhivRddhi karo, yahI usakA pradhAna uddezya hai| 6. sthirIkaraNa-isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi koI vyakti apane dharma ke mArga se gira rahA ho to use sahArA de kara phira dharma meM sthira kara denA / saMgha meM jo vyakti nirdhana hai, aura abhAvagrasta haiM aura jo apanI abhAvagrastatA ke kAraNa athavA apanI nirdhanatA ke kAraNa, apanI saMskRti yA apane dharma se haTa rahe haiM, unakI samasyAoM ko sulajhA kara aura unake mAnasika vikalpoM ko dUra karake punaH dharmapatha para lagA denA hI sthirIkaraNa kA abhiprAya hai| vI.ni.saM. 2503 157 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 7. vAtsalya-isakA artha hai prema aura sneha / jisa prakAra vyakti apane kuTumba para sneha aura prema rakhatA hai, usI prakAra samAja ke hara vyakti para prema aura sneha rakhanA hI vAtsalya bhAva hai| 8. prabhAvanA-prabhAvanA kA artha hai mahimA aura kIrti / jisa kArya ko karane se apane dharma kI mahimA ho aura kIrti bar3he, vaha prabhAvanA hai| prabhAvanA kA koI eka mArga aura koI eka paddhati nahIM ho sktii| jJAna kA pracAra karane se, sadAcAra ko pavitra rakhane se tathA logoM ke sAtha madhura vyavahAra karane se dharma kI mahimA bar3hatI hai| svayaM dvArA zuddha AcAra pAlana karanA aura dUsaroM ko zuddha AcaraNa pAlana karane ke lie prerita karanA, yaha bhI prabhAvanA kA eka aMga hai| tyAga, tapasyA aura saMgha sevA bhI prabhAvanA kA eka aMga hai| mana se, vacana se aura kAyA se dUsaroM ko pIr3ita karanA, tIna prakAra kA daMDa hai| mAyA, nidAna aura mithyAtva ye tIna zalya haiN| dhana-saMpatti yA Rddhi-siddhi kI prApti kA ghamaMDa, rasanA-indriya kI saMtuSTi kA ghamaMDa, sukha prApti kA ghamaMDa, ye tIna gaurava haiM tathA jAti, kula, sauMdarya, zakti, lAbha, zrutajJAna, aizvarya aura tapasyA, ye ATha prakAra ke mada haiN| ina 17 prakAra ke doSoM meM se tIna prakAra ke gaurava tathA ATha prakAra ke mada ye ahaMkAra kaSAya rUpa haiN| tIna prakAra ke daMDa kova-kaSAya rUpa haiM, tIna prakAra ke zalya mAyA tathA lobha kaSAyarUpa haiN| ataH samyaktva kI dRr3hatA ke lie ina doSoM kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai| samyagdRSTi ke jIvana kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai-nirbhayatA / jahA bhaya hai, vahAM dharma nahIM raha sakatA, saMskRti nahIM raha sktii| zAstra meM kahA hai ki jo vyakti satya kI sAdhanA karanA cAhatA hai, usake lie Avazyaka hai ki vaha apane mana se bhaya ko dUra kara de| samyagdarzana hI adhyAtma sAdhanA kA divya Aloka hai, jisase jIva apane sahaja svarUpa kI upalabdhi kara sakatA hai| ataH mAnavajIvana kI pavitratA aura pAvanatA kA eka mAtra mUla AdhAra samyagdarzana hI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra jIvana mAtra ke vikAsa kA bIja samyagdarzana hI hai| saMdarbha 1. adhyAtma-pravacana, upAdhyAya amaramuni / 2. adhyAtma-sAra, upAdhyAya yazovijayajI / 3. tatvArtha sUtra, umAsvAti, vivecanakartA paM. sukhalAlajI sNghvii| 4. vallabha-pravacana (dvitIya bhAga) saMpAdaka muni nemicandra / 5. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, eka parizIlana, DA. sudarzanalAla jaina / 6. AtmAnuzAsana, AcArya gunnbhdr| 7. uttarAdhyayana, sUtra saMpAdakaH sAdhvI caMdanA darzanAcArya / 8. muni zrI hajArImala smRtigrantha / (jaina samAja kI vizA : utthAna yA patana ; pRSTha 146 kA zeSa) denA to dUra, hama aura hamAre dharmaguru svayaM usameM lipta ho jAte haiM / khAnA hAsila nahIM kara sakatA hai| kyA ye AcaraNahIna pravRttiyAM samAja ko garta meM nahIM dhakela rahI haiN| eka anya bAta yaha hai ki hama apane samAja ke prati udAsIna isakA bhaviSya kyA hogaa| isake pIche kucha pezevara loga haiM, jo haiM, apanI mAMgoM, adhikAroM ke prati rattIbhara saceSTa nahIM haiM, Antaeka dUsare ko nIcA dikhAne kA zauka rakhate haiM / samAja kI ekatA rika vivAda meM jitanA Age hai, adhikAroM kI lar3AI meM utanA kI kImata para unakA zauka pUrA ho rahA hai / hI pIche / samAja kA agalA durguNa hai ki hama eka samAja sevI ko sammAna isaliye sAthiyo, Age Ao, hama puruSArtha kreNge| puruSArthiyoM nahIM de rahe haiM / koI isa samAja kI sevA meM apanA tana, mana arpaNa kA sAtha deMge / samAja meM kAma karate haiM, to hotA hai, karane vAle kara detA hai, ise zIza kATakara arpaNa kara detA hai, use zAbAzI nahIM, thaka jAte haiM, to kArya Thappa / kArya rokanA nahIM hai, to isa samAja AlocanA milatI hai / isaliye Aja samAja sevA kA kSetra saMkucita meM janma aura jIvana lene vAle pratyeka vyakti kA kartavya hai ki vaha raha gayA hai| mamAja sevA zabda kA sareAma upahAsa hotA hai, kyoM use vikasita kare / isake liye hameM eka sAmUhika maMca taiyAra karanA yaha kSetra itanA badanAma huA ? kAraNa phira vahI pezevara loga yA hai| koI bhI akelA vyakti koI khAsa kArya nahIM kara sakegA, ve hI ThekedAra haiM jo samAja sevA kA mAtra labAdA or3ha lete haiM, lekina isa maMca ke jariye vaha apanI bhAvanAoM ke anusAra samAja kA samAja unase hisAba mAMgatA hai, to jhagar3e ho jAte haiM / samAja meM zRMgAra kara sakegA / samAja ko badalanA hai, isakI mAMga se purAnA phUTa par3a jAtI hai, aura ye hI bAteM vAstavika samAja-seviyoM ke prati sindUra nikAla kara phira se nayA bharanA hai, navIna jAgaraNa kA siMhakaTutA paidA karatI hai / durbhAgya dekhiye hamArA / dharma AcAra pradhAna nAda karanA hai, samAja naI krAnti darzana ke liye tatpara khar3A hai, hote hue bhI samAja artha pradhAna banA huA hai / rAta ke andhere meM samAja ko utthAna kI gaMgA se snAna karavAnA hai, krAnti kA bigula jo pUMjIpati dharma, isake siddhAntoM kA majAka ur3AtA hai vaha dina ke bajAnA hai, samAja ko UMcA uThAnA hai, pragati ke naye mArgoM kA ujAle meM sAmAjika sammAna kA dAvedAra hai / vaha samAja kI zubhArambha karanA hai, nahIM to hamArA bhaviSya mAtra eka prazna vAcaka taztarI meM sammAna rUpI khAnA khA rahA hai, aura eka ni svArtha cinha bana kara sAmane aayegaa| samAja sevI samAja ke liye mara khapa kara bhI usa taztarI se kabhI 158 rAjendra-jyoti