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________________ jaina darzana meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA bhAratIya dharmoM evaM darzanoM kA mukhya prayojana mokSa kI prApti hai| bhAratIya cintakoM ne mokSa ko hI mAnava jIvana kA parama puruSArtha mAnA hai| samasta sAdhanAe~ mokSa ke nimitta hI kI jAtI haiN| mokSa, mukti, nirvANa, paramapada, zivapada, paramAtmapada, siddhapada, paramadhAma Adi usI ke paryAyavAcI nAma haiN| mokSa yA nirvANa ke sambandha meM sAdhyagata samAnatA hote hue bhI bhAratIya cintakoM meM jo svarUpagata matabhinya dekhA jAtA hai, usakA kAraNa mokSatattva nahIM, apitu hamArI bhASAgata aura jJAnagata sImitatA hI hotI hai| jisa prakAra eka hI bhavana ke vividha koNoM se liye gaye citra bhinna-bhinna hokara bhI usI tathya ko ujAgara karate haiM, vaise hI mokSa sambandhI vibhinna vivaraNa bhI apane vaividhya ke bAvajUda usI satya ko ujAgara karate haiN| satya to yaha hai ki paramatattva hamArI zabda sImA se pare hai, varNanAtIta hai, anirvacanIya hai, avAcya hai| jaba bhI use zabdoM kI sImA meM bA~dhane kA koI prayatna hotA hai, asIma aura ananta ko bhASA ke dvArA vAcya banAne kA koI prayAsa hotA hai taba hamArI bhASA kI sImA ke kAraNa samagra satya to kahIM bAhara hI chUTa jAtA hai| anubhUti ko jaba bhI bhASA ke sahAre abhivyakti dI jAtI hai to vaha mAtra sImita yA sApekSa hI nahIM, varana eka pratibhAsa banakara raha jAtI hai| itanA hI nahIM, ve zabda citra bhI usa anubhUti ko abhivyakti dene meM asamartha hote haiN| vyAvahArika jIvana meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki aneka logoM ne gur3a ke svAda kI anubhUti kI hotI hai, kintu jaba ve zabdoM ke sahAre usake yathArtha svAda ko abhivyakti dene kA prayatna karate haiM to usameM vaividhya hotA hai| cAhe koI gar3a ke svAda para pI-eca.DI. kA zodha-prabandha bhI likha de, kintu yaha satya samajha lenA hai ki use par3hakara bhI koI usa anubhUti ko pAne meM samartha nahIM ho sktaa| mokSa yA mukti bhI eka anubhUti hai| zabdoM ke mAdhyama se usake sambandha meM kucha bhI kahane kA prayatna ThIka vaisA hI hotA hai jaise koI nakze ke mAdhyama se himAlaya kI U~cAI yA gaMgA kI gaharAI ko samajhAne kA prayatna kre| nakze ke tathya ko samajhAne kA sArthaka prayatna to kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu unheM satya samajha lenA bhrAnti ko hI janma detA hai| zabda satya kI ora izArA (saMketa) kara
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________________ jaina darzana meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA : 59 sakate haiM, use kaha nahIM sakate (lakSyate na tu uccayate ) | AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ke paMcama adhyAya (1/5/6/171) meM isalie kahA gayA hai ki "usa paramAtma pada kA nirvacana karane meM zabda samartha nahIM haiM, sAre svara vahA~ se lauTa Ate haiM, tarka kI bhI vahA~ koI gati nahIM hai, mati (buddhi) use pakar3a pAne meM asamartha hai, usa apada kA koI pada nahIM haiM arthAt koI bhI zabda use vAcya banAne meM samartha nahIM haiM, aisI koI upamA bhI nahIM hai jisake mAdhyama se use batAyA jA sakatA hai|" usake svarUpa ke nirvacana meM vANI kI asamarthatA ko svIkAra karanI hI hotI hai, kyoMki anubhUti mAtra anubhUti hai use abhivyakti denA sambhava nahIM hai| isalie jaba usake varNana kA prazna AyA to prAyaH zAstroM ne niSedha mukha se itanA hI kahA ki mokSAvasthA meM samasta karmoM kA kSaya ho jAne se muktAtmA meM samasta karmajanya upAdhiyoM kA bhI abhAva hotA hai; ataH muktAtmA na dIrgha hai, na hrasva hai, na vRttAkAra hai, na trikoNa hai, na catuSkoNa hai, na parimaNDala saMsthAna vAlA hai| vaha kRSNa, nIla, pIta, rakta aura zveta varNa vAlA bhI nahIM hai| vaha sugandha aura durgandha vAlA bhI nahIM hai| na vaha tIkSNa, kaTuka, khaTTA, mIThA evaM amla rasa vAlA hai| usameM gurU, laghu, komala, kaThora, snigdha, rukSa, zIta evaM uSNa Adi sparza guNoM kA bhI abhAva hai| vaha na strI hai, na puruSa hai, na napuMsaka hai (AcArAMga 1 / 5 / 6 / 171 ) | AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM, "mokSadazA meM na sukha hai, na duHkha hai, na pIr3A hai, na bAdhA hai, na janma hai, maraNa hai, na vahA~ indriyA~ haiM, na upasarga hai, na moha hai, na vyAmoha hai, na nidrA hai, na vahA~ cintA hai, na Arta aura raudra vicAra hI haiN| vahA~ to zubha aura azubha vicAroM kA bhI abhAva hai ( niyamasAra 178 - 179) / " mokSAvasthA to sarva saMkalpoM kA abhAva hai| vaha buddhi aura vicAra kA viSaya nahIM hai, vaha pakSAtikrAnta hai| isa prakAra muktAvasthA kA niSedhAtmaka vivecana bhI usakI anirvacanIyatA ko batAne ke lie hai| upaniSadoM meM isI liye yaha kahA gayA hai ki vaha tarka, buddhi ora mana kA viSaya nahIM hai ( taittirIya 2/9, muNDaka 3/1/8), kyoMki ye sabhI vikalpAtmaka haiM jabaki vaha to nirvikalpa hai, nirvikalpa ko vikalpoM kA viSaya kaise banAyA jA sakatA hai? bhASA bhI asti aura nAsti ke vikalpoM se sImita hai ataH mokSa kA koI bhI nirvacana sambhava nahIM hai| nirvANa kI abhAvAtmaka vyAkhyA ke sambandha meM udAna ( 8/10 ) meM nimna buddhavacana haiM- "lohe ke ghana kI coTa par3ane para jo cinagAriyA~ uThatI haiM ve turanta hI bujha jAtI haiN| kahA~ gaI kucha patA nahIM cltaa| isI prakAra kAma bandhana se mukta ho nirvANa prApta puruSa kI gati kA koI bhI patA nahIM lagA sktaa|" phira bhI ina niSedhamUlaka vivaraNoM se yaha na
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________________ 60 samajha lenA mUrkhatA hI hogI ki mokSa, mukti yA nirvANa koI bhAvAtmaka tathya nahIM hai| vyakti meM jo ananta aura asIma ko pAne kI lalaka hai| vikalpoM aura vicAroM ke saMkula isa saMsAra se nirvicAra aura nirvikalpa meM jAne kI jo abhIpsA hai, pyAsa hai vahI mokSa yA nirvANa kI sArthakatA hai| manuSya meM apanI caitasika kSudratAoM, vAsanAoM aura vikAroM se Upara uThakara Atmika rUpa se svastha hone kI jo eka preraNA hai, vibhAva se svabhAva meM Ane kI jo satata prayatnazIlatA haiye sabhI isa tathya kI sUcaka haiM ki mokSa abhAva rUpa na hokara eka bhAvAtmaka avasthA hai| bImArI kA abhAva svAsthya kI bhAvAtmaka sattA ko siddha karatA hai| mokSa AtmapUrNatA hai, Atma-sAkSAtkAra hai| sImA ko jAnane meM sImApArI kA avabodha Avazyaka hai| jaba cetanA vikalpoM, vicAroM, icchAoM, vAsanAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ke usa pAra calI jAtI haiM, jaba cetanA maiM aura mere ke kSudra ghere ko tor3akara asIma aura ananta meM nimajjana kara letI hai to vaha mokSa yA nirvANa ko upalabdha ho jAtI hai, vaha svayaM asIma aura ananta ho jAtI hai| mukti yA nirvANa anya kucha nahIM hai, vaha sImAoM kA, AvaraNoM kA, mamatA ke ghere kA TUTa jAnA hai | ataH mokSa yA nirvANa eka bhAvAtmaka sattA bhI hai| yaha satya hai ki use vAcya nahIM banAyA jA sakatA kintu use anubhUta to kiyA hI jA sakatA hai, vaha cAhe abhilApya na ho lekina anubhUti to hai hii| hameM yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA hai ki nirvANa yA mokSa koI aisI vastu bhI nahIM hai, jisakI anubhUti isa jIvana se pare kisI anya loka aura anya jIvana meM sambhava hotI ho, usakI anubhUti to isI jIvana meM aura isI loka meM karanI hotI hai| vastutaH sAdhanA paddhatiyoM ke rUpoM meM yA dharmoM meM vaividhya ho sakatA hai, kintu una saba meM mokSa rUpI sAdhyagata samarUpatA bhI hai| jisa prakAra sabhI nadiyA~ samudra kI ora gatizIla hotI haiM usI prakAra sabhI dharma mokSa yA paramAtma- dazA kI ora gatizIla haiN| jisa prakAra bImAriyA~ bhinna hotI haiM aura unake kAraNa unakI cikitsA vidhi, auSadhi aura pathya bhI bhinna-bhinna hote haiM, kintu unake pariNAma svarUpa upalabdha svAsthya eka hI rUpa hotA hai| jisa prakAra bImAriyoM meM taratamatA hotI hai, vibhinnatAe~ hotI haiM, usI prakAra caitasika vikRtiyoM meM bhI unake rAga, dveSa, moha aura kaSAya (kleza) rUpa kArakoM kI apekSA bhinnatA hotI hai| kintu sAdhanA paddhatiyoM meM rahI huI bhinnatA, unake sAdhya kI bhinnatA kA AdhAra nahIM haiM, mokSa yA nirvANa to eka rUpa hI hotA hai| vaha to AtmapUrNatA kI sthiti hai, usameM taratamatA yA vaividhya nahI hai| sabhI mukta AtmAe~ samAna haiM, unameM koI taratamatA nahIM hai, choTI-bar3I nahIM haiM, U~ca-nIca nahIM haiM, svAmI sevaka bhAva nahIM haiN| vaividhya to saMsAra dazA meM hai, mukti meM nahIM hai|
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________________ jaina darzana meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA : 61 caitasika vikRtiyoM ke kAraNagata aura svarUpagata vaividhya ke kAraNa unakI cikitsA rUpa dharma meM vaividhya ho sakatA hai kintu usa cikitsA ke phalasvarUpa puna: upalabdha svAsthya to eka hI rUpa hotA hai| usI prakAra dharma yA sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA vaividhya sAkSya rUpa mukti, mokSa yA nirvANa ke vaividhya kA kAraNa nahIM hai| ata: vividha paramparAoM kI mokSa kI avadhAraNA kahane bhara ko hI bhinnabhinna hotI hai, usameM svarUpagata bheda nahIM hai| ata: jaina, bauddha, hindU yA sikha dharmoM ke mokSa ke vivaraNa meM bheda pratItirUpa bheda hai anubhUtirUpa bheda nahIM hai| jaise dasa vyakti gur3a kA svAda cakheM - unakI anubhUti samAna hotI hai, bheda mAtra bhASAgata abhivyakti meM hotA hai| mokSa kA artha hai - jJeyAvaraNa aura klezAvaraNa karmoM kA naSTa ho jAnA, una karmoM kA AvaraNa haTa jaanaa| cetanA kA vikSobhoM, vikAroM, vicAroM aura vikalpoM se mukta ho jaanaa| vaha mamatva aura kartA bhAva se Upara uThakara vItarAga, vItatRSNa aura anAsakta avasthA kI prApti hai, ise sabhI dharma aura darzanoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to vaha Atmopalabdhi hai, sva-svarUpa meM avasthiti hai| jJAtAdraSTA bhAva meM jInA hai| mokSa koI aisI vastu bhI nahIM hai, jo pUrva meM anupalabdha thI aura bAda meM use pAyA gayA ho| jisa prakAra svAsthya koI aisI bAhya vastu nahIM hai jise pAyA jAtA hai, vaha to bImArI yA vikRti ke haTane kA nAma hai, vaise hI mokSa yA nirvANa bhI vAsanA yA vikAroM kA zAnta ho jAnA hai| vaha anupalabdha kI upalabdhi nahIM hai, apitu upalabdha kI hI puna: upalabdhi hai| svAsthya pAyA nahIM jAtA hai, mAtra bimArI yA vikRti ko haTAne para upalabdha hotA hai| jisa prakAra sUrya sadA prakAzita hai, prakAza kI upalabdhi ke lie mAtra bAdaloM ke AvaraNa haTanA jarUrI hai| usI prakAra cetanA ko vikSobhita aura vidrapita karanevAle tattvoM yA karmarUpI AvaraNa kA haTa jAnA hI hamArI mukti hai| cetanA nirmala aura prazAnta rahe yahI mukti kA artha hai| pAralaukika jIvana to mAtra usa parama vizuddha avasthA kA paricAyaka hai, kintu usa avasthA kI upalabdhi to isI jIvana meM karanI hotI hai|