Jain Darshan me Gyan ka Swarup

Author(s): Kalidas Joshi
Publisher: Z_Mahasati_Dway_Smruti_Granth_012025.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210689/1

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jaina darzana meM jJAna kA svarUpa * DaoN. kAlidAsa jozI 3588888888888880000888 samUce jaina dArzanika cintana kA mukhya AdhAra hai anekaantvaad| yaha vizva ke svarUpa ko samajhane kA eka dRSTikoNa hai| ekAnta kA matabala hai koI eka hI nizcaya yA nirnny| anekAntavAda kA yaha mantavya hai ki kisI bhI vastu ke saMbaMdha meM aikAntika pakSa lenA sambhava nahIM hotA, kyoMki koI bhI vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hotI hai| mukta yA kevalI avasthA meM jIva ko una sabhI dharmoM kA jJAna hotA hai| usa kA jJAna sImita yA adhUrA nahIM hotaa| parantu baddha jIva meM inameM se kucha hI dharmoM kA jJAna ho sakatA haiN| sabhI dharmoM kA nhiiN| isa ko samajhAne ke liye hAthI aura sAta aMdhoM kI kathA kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| vyavahAra meM hama kisI vastu ke saMbaMdha meM kitanA bhI samajheM, kaheM, yA varNana kareM, to bhI usake sabhI dharmoM kA varNana nahIM kara skeNge| kucha dharma hamAre kathana kI maryAdA ke bAhara hI rheNge| yahI anekAntavAda kA tAtparya hai| . sAta naya tathA cAra nikSepa - ananta guNAtmaka vastu kA sampUrNa varNana karane kI zakti kisI bhI manuSya ke pAsa na hone se hama loga jo bhI kucha kahate haiM vaha hamezA anya guNa sApekSa hI samajhA jAnA caahiye| kisI bhI vastu ke varNana meM dravya, kSetra, kAla, aura bhAva, ina cAra bAtoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| vastu ke ananta guNoM meM se aura paryAyoM se kucha hI ora dhyAna dekara hama apanA abhimata yA abhiprAya banAte haiN| isa sImita, apUrNa, abhiprAya ko 'naya' kahate haiN| naya ke sAta prakAra kahe gaye haiN| 1) naigama naya 2) saMgraha naya 3) vyavahAra naya 4) RjusUtra naya 5) zabda naya 6) samabhirUr3ha naya, tathA 7) evaM bhUta naya prathama tIna naya dravyArthika, tathA antima cAra naya paryAyArthika kahalAte haiN| ina sAta nayoM ke sAtha cAranikSepa mAne jAte haiN| (1) nAma nikSepa kA matalaba hai, kisI vastu ko nAma se phcaannaa| (2) sthApanA nikSepa meM vastu ko usake AkAra ke anusAra grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai| (3) dravya nikSepa vastu kI saraMcanA jisa dravya se huI hai usakI ora dhyAna dene ko kahate haiN| (4) bhAva nikSepa, arthAta vastu ke sAtha jo saMkalpanA yA bodha bhAva jur3A huA hotA hai, usake AdhAra para vastu ko jaannaa| syAdvAda - vastu kA anekAnta svarUpa, tathA usakA jJAna hamezA nayAtmaka hI honA, ina do tathyoM ko samajha lene para syAdvAda ko hameM svIkAra karanA hI par3atA hai| hamArA jJAna paripUrNa na hokara aMzAtmaka hotA hai isakA matalaba yaha nahIM hotA ki vaha asatya hotA hai| apUrNa hone para bhI usameM satya kA aMza honA hI caahiye| isIliye 'satya' yA 'asatya' yaha jJAna kI kasauTI na mAnakara vaha kasauTI "sthAna' (zAyada aisA ho) yaha mAnanI pdd'egii| vastu ke ananta dharmoM meM se kisI eka ke saMbaMdha meM kaha sakeMge 'syAdasti, aura kisI anya dharma ke bAre meM 'sthAnnAsti' aisA kahanA pdd'egaa| 'asti' tathA 'nAsti' ina donoM zabdoM kA prayoga isa prakAra eka hI vastu ke sandarbha meM kara sakate haiN| asti tathA nAsti ina donoM meM jo bheda yA virodha samajhA jAtA hai vaha 'syAt' isa zabda kA prayoga karane se khatma ho jaayegaa| yahI syAdvAda kA (174)

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siddhAnta hai| prasiddha jaina dArzanika malliSeNa sUri ke syAdvAdamaMjarI meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAna ke ananta dharmAtmaka hone se hI syAdvAda siddha hotA hai| saptabhaMga - bhaMga kA artha hai vibhAjita karanA yA toddnaa| syAdvAda ke anusAra kisI bhI vasta ke saMbaMdha meM jo aneka vidhAna saMbhava hoMge unake sAta vibhAga yA 'bhaMga' ho sakate haiN| unameM tIna bhaMga mUlabhUta mAne jAte haiN| bhagavatI sUtra isa graMtha meM kevala tIna hI bhaMgoM kA ullekha milatA hai| ve tIna bhaMga hai -(1) syAdasti (2) syAnnAsti (3) syAda vktvyH| parantu bAda meM yaha dekhA gayA ki ina tInoM meM se do-do ko eka dUsare ke sAtha lene se aura cAra bhaMga bana jAte haiN| isa prakAra jJAna ke sAta bhaMga yA vibhAga bAda meM pracalita huve, unako saptabhaMga kahA jAne lagA, tathA syAdvAda aura saptabhaMga ina donoM ke bIca eka aTUTa riztA bana gyaa| ve anya cAra bhaMga isa prakAra haiM -(4) syAdasti nAsti (5) syAdasti ca avaktavyaH (6) syAnnAsti ca avaktavyaH tatA (7) syAdasti ca nAsti ca avktvyH| jJAna ke pA~ca prakAra - jJAna jIva kA guNa hai| svabhAva se jIva ananta jJAna se yukta rahatA hai| parantu jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kAraNa yaha ananta jJAna hama saba logoM meM AcchAdita ho jAtA hai| jJAna ke pA~ca prakAra hote haiN| ve haiM -matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhi, manaH paryaya, tathA kevala jnyaan| iMdriya ke sanni karSa se mana meM jo vastu kA bodha hotA hai usako matijJAna kahate haiN| isake cAra stara hote haiN| avagraha bAda vizeSa bodha kI jijJAsA hotI hai, vaha IhA nAma kA dUsarA stara hai| usake dvArA jo bodha hogA vaha 'avAya' nAma * kA tIsarA stara hai| kAlAntara se isakA smaraNa hotA hai, vahI cauthA stara dhAraNA kahalAtA hai| matijJAna ke aneka bheda mAne gaye haiN| jaina dArzanikoM ne unake saMbaMdha meM vistRta vizleSaNa kiyA hai|| jJAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai zruta jnyaan| isakA mukhya AdhAra hotA hai zAstra vcn| mati tathA zruta ina donoM ko parokSa jJAna kahA jAtA hai| isake alAvA jo jJAna jIva ko iMdriyoM ke mAdhyama ke binA prApta hotA hai, vaha pratyakSa jJAna hai| usake tIna prakAra hai avadhi, manaH paryaya, tathA kevl| avadhi jJAna pudgala dravya ke jJAna ko kahate haiN| manaH paryaya jJAna cAritrya saMpanna sAdhu logoM ko hI prApta ho sakatA hai| isase kisI bhI vyakti ke mana ke vicAroM kA jJAna hotA hai| samyaka cAritrya ke AcaraNa se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se jIva kI svabhAvagata anaMta jJAnazakti prakaTa hone se kevala jJAna kA udaya hotA hai| usako sthala aura kAla kI koI sImA nahIM rhtii| kevalI puruSa ko kisI bhI vastu ke sabhI ananta guNoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| vaha jIva lokAkAza ko pAra karake saMsAra ke bandhana se hamezA ke liye mukta ho jAtA hai| kevala jJAna se mukti ko prApta honA yahI pratyeka vyakti ke jIvana kA antima lakSya hai| epha-305 emyanagarI bibavevAr3I, puNe 411037 (175)