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________________ No----------------------- -----------2 o AcArya zrIAnanda RSi [zramaNa saMgha ke prabhAvaka AcArya 000000000000 000000000000 cetanAvAdI jainadarzana ne cetana (jIva) ke viSaya meM jitanA gaharA cintana kiyA hai, acetana (jar3a-pudgala) ke viSaya meM bhI utanI hI gambhIratA se anveSaNa kiyA hai| / pudgala (Matter) ke sambandha meM jaina tattvavidyA kA / yaha cintana pAThakoM ko vyApaka jAnakArI degaa| jainadarzana meM ajIva dravya jainadarzana yathArthavAdI aura dvatavAdI hai| spaSTa hai ki vaha caitanya mAtra ko hI eka mAtra tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra na karake ajIva dravya ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai / ajIva vaha dravya hai jo tInoM prakAra kI cetanAoM-cetanA (Consciousness), ardha-cetanA (Sub-Consciousness) aura alaukika cetanA (Super-Consciousness) se rahita hai / arthAt jisameM cetanAguNa kA pUrNa abhAva hai| jise sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti nahIM hotI hai vaha ajIva dravya hai|' para yaha bhAvAtmaka tattva hai, abhAvAtmaka nhiiN| isake cAra bheda haiM-ajIvakAyA; dharmAdharmAkAzapudgalAH / / dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya AkAzAstikAya pudgalAstikAya ye cAra ajIvakAya haiM / inheM astikAya kahane kA tAtparya hai ki ye vistAra yukta hai arthAt ye tattva sirpha eka pradeza rUpa yA avayava rUpa nahIM hai kintu pradezoM ke samUha rUpa hai / yadyapi pudgala mUlataH eka pradeza rUpa hai lekina usake pratyeka paramANu meM pracaya rUpa hone kI zakti hai / kAla kI gaNanA ina astikAyoM meM nahIM kI gayI hai / kyoMki kucha jainAcArya usako svatantra dravya ke rUpa meM nahIM svIkAra karate haiM aura jo use dravya mAnate haiM / ve bhI use pradezAtmaka hI mAnate haiN| pradeza pracaya rUpa nhiiN| AkAza aura pudgala ye do tattva nyAya sAMkhya Adi darzanoM meM mAne gaye haiM parantu dharmAstikAya va adharmAstikAya jaina-darzana kI dena hai| inake astitva kI puSTi vijJAna se bhI hotI hai| vijJAna tejovAhI Ithara, kSetra (Field) aura AkAza (Space) ina tInoM ko mAnatA hai| usakI dRSTi meM tejovAhI Ithara sampUrNa jagata meM vyApta hai tathA vidyuta cumbakIya taraMgoM kI gati kA mAdhyama hai| pro0 maiksavAna ne likhA hai ki Ithara sAmAnya pArthiva vastuoM se bhinna honA cAhie / vaijJAnika sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra Adi kI sthiratA kA kAraNa gurutvAkarSaNa ko mAnate haiN| saMbhava hai ve Age jAkara isakI apaudgalikatA ko svIkAra kara leN| aba hama sAdharmya va vaidhayaM ke dRSTikoNa se ina dravyoM para vicAra kareMge / apane sAmAnya tathA vizeSa svarUpa se cyuta na honA nityatva hai aura apane se bhinna tattva ke svarUpa ko prApta na karanA avasthitatva hai / ye donoM dharma sabhI dravyoM meM samAna haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki jagata anAdi nidhana hai tathA isake mUla tattvoM kI saMkhyA ekasI hai| pudgala ko chor3akara anya koI dravya mUrta nahIM hai kyoMki ve dravya indriyoM se grAhya nahIM hai, ataeva arUpitva pudgala ko chor3akara zeSa cAra dravyoM kA sAdharmya hai / dharma, adharma, AkAza ye dravya saMkhyA meM eka vyakti haiM aura ye niSkriya bhI hai ata: vyaktitva aura niSkriyatva ye donoM ukta dravyoM kA sAdharmya tathA jIva aura pudgala kA vadharmya hai / yahA~ niSkriyatva se tAtparya gatikriyA se hai na ki pariNamana se, kyoMki pratyeka dravya pariNamanazIla hai| AkAza ke jitane sthAna ko eka avibhAgI pudgalaparamANu rokatA hai, vaha pradeza hai / paramANu jabaki apane skandha se alaga ho sakatA hai para pradeza nahIM / pradeza kI apane skandha se vimukta hone kI kalpanA sirpha buddhi se kI jAtI hai / dharma, adharma, AkAza eka aise akhaNDa skandha rUpa haiM jinake asaMkhyAta avibhAgya sUkSma aMza sirpha buddhi se kalpita kiye jA sakate haiM / inameM se dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya pradezI haiM / AkAza anya dravyoM se bar3A hone ke kAraNa ananta pradezI hai / isa prakAra akhaNDatA pudgala ko chor3akara bAkI V NE Nain Education International ____
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________________ janadarzana meM ajIva dravya | 337 000000000000 000000000000 tIna dravyoM kA sAdharmya hai / nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se yoM to sabhI dravya svapratiSThita haiM para vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se AkAza itara dravyoM kA AdhAra hai| dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya Adi dravyoM ke sambandha ke kAraNa AkAza ke do bheda ho jAte haiM-(1) lokAkAza, (2) alokAkAza / AinsTAina ne kahA hai ki AkAza kI sImitatA usameM rahane vAle Matter ke kAraNa hai anyathA AkAza ananta hai| isI taraha jainadarzana kI bhI mAnyatA hai ki jahA~ taka dharma, adharma AkAza se sambandhita haiM vahA~ taka lokAkAza hai, usake pare alokAkAza hai jo ki ananta hai / dharma, adharma aura AkAza ye tInoM dravya amUrta hone ke kAraNa indriyagamya na hone ke kAraNa laukika pratyakSa ke dvArA inakI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI / Agama pramANa se aura unake kAryoM ko dekhakara kiye gaye anumAna pramANa se unakI siddhi kI jAtI hai| jIva aura pudgala kI gati evaM sthiti ke upAdAna kAraNa to ve svayaM haiM lekina nimitta kAraNa, jo kArya kI utpatti meM avazya apekSita hai evaM jo upAdAna kAraNa se bhinna hai, dharma-adharma dravya haiM / isa prakAra ina dravyoM kI gati meM nimitta kAraNa dharmAstikAya hai to adharmAstikAya unakI sthiti meM nimitta kAraNa hai / ye donoM udAsIna hetu hai-jaise machalI kI gati meM jala aura zrAnta pathika ko vizrAma ke lie vRkSa / ina saba dravyoM ko Azraya dene vAlA AkAza hai| Adhunika vijJAna meM sthiti, gati aura gati nirodha ko Space ke kAryoM ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai lekina jaina darzana meM ina tIna dravyoM ke ye tIna svatantra kArya haiN| Locality kI dRSTi se ye tInoM dravya samAna haiM para kAryoM kI dRSTi se unameM bheda hai| aba hama kAla dravya ko bhI dekha leN| "vartanApariNAmakriyAparatvAparatve ca kAlasya"4 vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva, aparatva kAla ke hI kAraNa saMbhava hai / phrAMsa ke prasiddha vaijJAnika bargasan ne siddha kiyA hai ki kAla eka Dynamic reality hai / kAla bhI uparyukta dravya kI taraha anumeya hai / bhinna-bhinna kSaNoM ke vartamAna rahanA vartanA hai / pariNAmaH arthAt avasthAoM kA parivartana bhI binA kAla ke sambhava nahIM hai| koI kaccA Ama samaya pAkara paka jAtA hai| Ama kI donoM vibhinna avasthAyeM eka samaya meM eka sAtha nahIM ho sakatIM / kriyA va gati taba bhI sambhava hotI hai jaba koI vastu pUrvApara krama se bhinna avasthAoM ko dhAraNa karatI hai aura yaha binA kAla ke sambhava nahIM hai| prAcIna va navIna, pUrva aura pAzcAtya Adi vyavahAra bhI kAla ke binA sambhava nahIM ho pAte haiM / kAla ke do bheda haiM-(1) pAramArthika kAla, (2) vyAvahArika kAla / inameM se pAramArthika kAla nitya, nirAkAra, ananta hai evaM ise hI bhinna-bhinna upAdhiyoM se sImita karane se yA vibhakta karane se daNDa, dina, mAsa, varSa Adi samaya ke rUpa banate haiM jo ki vyAvahArika kAla haiM / vyAvahArika kAla kA prAramma aura anta hotA hai| dRzyAtmaka akhila jagat pudgalamaya hai|" tattvArtha-sUtra ke anusAra isakI paribhASA hai-"sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH" tathA sarvadarzanasaMgraha ke anusAra "pUrayanti galanti ca pudgalAH / " vaizeSika ke pRthvI, jala, agni Adi tattvoM kA antarbhAva pudgala dravya meM ho jAtA hai| vijJAna meM Matter ko Thosa, tarala evaM gaisa (Gases) ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai / isa dRSTi se pRthvI, jala tathA vAyu pudgala dravya meM antarbhUta ho jAte haiM / vijJAna jisako Matter aura nyAya-vaizeSika jise bhautika tattva yA sAMkhya jise prakRti kahate haiM, jainadarzana meM use pudgala kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| yadyapi pudgala zabda kA prayoga bauddha-darzana meM bhI huA hai lekina vaha bhinna artha meM-AlayavijJAna, cetanA-saMtati ke artha meM huA hai / vaizeSika Adi darzana meM pRthvI ko caturguNayukta, jala ko gandharahita anya tIna guNoM vAlA, teja ko gandha aura rasa rahita anya do guNoM vAlA tathA vAyu ko mAtra sparza yukta mAnA gayA hai; parantu jaina-darzana meM pRthvI, jala, tejas, vAyu kA bheda maulika aura nitya nahIM hai apitu vyutpanna aura gauNa hai, kyoMki pRthvI jala Adi sabhI ke pudgaloM meM varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza ye cAroM guNa pAye jAte haiM / vijJAna bhI mAnatA hai ki varNa, gandha, rasa va sparza ina catuSkoTi meM se kisI eka ke prApta hone para zeSa guNa bhI usa vastu meM vyakta yA avyakta rUpa se rahate haiM / gandhavahana kI prakriyA se siddha huA hai ki agni meM bhI gandha pAyI jAtI hai| varNa ke pA~ca, gandha ke do, rasa ke pA~ca tathA sparza ke ATha prakAra haiMvarNa--(1) kAlA, (2) nIlA, (3) lAla, (4) pIlA, (5) sapheda, gandha-(1) sugandha, (2) durgandha, rasa-(1) tikta, (2) kaDuA, (3) kaSailA, (4) khaTTA, (5) mIThA, sparza-(1) kaThina, (2) mRdu, (3) guru, (4) laghu, (5) zIta, (6) uSNa, (7) rUkSa, (8) snigdha / DAATI A
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________________ 338 | pUjya pravartaka zrI ambAlAlajI mahArAja-abhinandana grantha 000000000000 000000000000 di ......." yaha saba bIsa, pudgala ke asAdhAraNa guNa haiM jo tAratamya evaM sammizraNa ke kAraNa saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta rUpa grahaNa karate haiM / zabda, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota ko bhI paudgalika mAnA gayA hai| zabda AkAza kA guNa nahIM hai; para bhASA vargaNA ke pudgaloM kA viziSTa pariNAma hai / chAyA prakAza ke Upara AvaraNa A jAne se paidA hotI hai / vijJAna meM bhI tamarUpa evaM UrjA kA rUpAntaraNa rUpa chAyA do prakAra kI mAnI gaI haiM aura pro0 maiksavAn ke anusAra UrjA aura Matter anivArya rUpa se eka hI haiM / ataH spaSTa hai ki chAyA bhI paudgalika hI hai / tama (andhakAra) jo darzana meM bAdhA DAlane vAlA evaM prakAza kA virodhI pariNAma hai, ko vijJAna bhI mAvAtmaka mAnatA hai kyoMki usameM adRzya tApakiraNoM kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai / pudgala aNurUpa aura skandharUpa hote haiM / pudgala ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza hote haiM / sAdhAraNatayA koI skandha bAdara aura koI sUkSma hote haiM / bAdara skandha indriyagamya aura sUkSma indriya agamya hote haiM (anuyoga . dvAra) / inako chaH bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai bAdara-bAdaraskandha-jo TUTakara jur3a na sake, jaise lakar3I, patthara / bAdara skandha-pravAhI pudgala jo TUTakara jur3a jAte haiN| sUkSma bAdara--jo dekhane meM sthUla kintu akATya ho, jaise-dhUpa / bAdara sUkSma-sUkSma hone para bhI indriyagamya ho, jaise-rasa, gandha, sparza / sUkSma-indriyoM se agocara skandha tathA karmavargaNA / / sUkSma-sUkSma-atyanta sUkSma skandha yathA karmavargaNA se nIce ke dravyayukta paryanta pudgala / pudagala kA vaha aMza jo eka pradezI (eka pradezAtmaka) hai / jisakA Adi, madhya va anta nahIM pAyA jAtA, yA dUsarI bhASA meM kaheM to jo svayaM apanA Adi, madhya va anta hai / jo avibhAjya sUkSmatama hai, paramANu kahalAtA hai| yaha sRSTi kA mUla tattva hai / upaniSadoM kI taraha jaina-darzana bhI bhautika jagata ke vizleSaNa ko pRthvI ityAdi tattvoM meM pahu~cakara nahIM roka detA balki vaha vizleSaNa kI prakriyA ko aura pIche pahuMcA detA hai / grIka dArzanika DemokriTsa aura lyupikasa ke samAna vaha paramANuoM meM guNAtmaka bheda nahIM mAnatA / vijJAna kI mAnyatA hai ki mUlatattva aNu (atom) apane cAroM ora gatizIla ilekTraoNna, proTraoNna ke saMkhyA bheda se cA~dI, tA~bA, lohA, oNksIjana Adi avasthAoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai| jaina-darzana kA paramANu bhI vibhinna saMyogoM dvArA bhinna-bhinna tattvoM ko banAtA hai| paramANu svabhAvataH gatizIla hai- inameM snigdhatA aura rUkSatA hone ke kAraNa paraspara bandha hotA hai| isa taraha dvayayukta, tryayukta""skandha Adi banate haiM / sRSTi kI prakriyA meM sRSTikartA Izvara kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / pudgala paramANu jaba taka apanI sambandha zakti se zithila yA ghane rUpa se paraspara jur3e rahate haiM taba ve skandha kahalAte haiM / skandha kI utpatti saMghAta aura bheda donoM se hotI hai| utpatti prakriyA ke AdhAra para skandha ke bheda yoM haiM-(1) skandhajanya skandha (2) paramANujanya skandha (3) skandhaparamANujanya skandha / sAMkhya prakRti ko anitya va puruSa ko nitya, to vedAnta parama tattva ko ekAntata: nitya aura bauddha yathArtha ko kSaNika mAnate haiM, para jaina-darzana kI dRSTi meM sabhI dravya spaSTa haiM ki pudgala bhI dravyAthika dRSTi se nitya va paryAyAthika dRSTi se anitya haiN| cUMki pudgala isa taraha avinAzI dhra va hai ata: zUnya meM se sRSTi kA nirmANa saMbhava nahIM hai, sirpha parivartana hotA, na to pUrNataH nayI utpatti saMbhava hai aura na pUrNataH vinAza hI / vaijJAnika laivhAijara ke zabdoM meM sRSTi meM kucha bhI nirmaya nahIM sirpha rUpAntara hotA hai / 1 paJcAstikAya, 2 // 124-125 2 tattvArthasUtra, a0 4 3 vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra za0 13, uddezya 4, sU. 481 4 tattvArthasUtra a0 5, sUtra 23 5 bhagavatI sUtra za0 13, uddezya 4, sUtra 481 6 bhagavatI sUtra za0 12 uddezya 4, sUtra 450 7 rAjavArtika 575 zana RANON / 21 Lain Bducation International -For-PrintineDauconaleon arjanApa