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________________ jaina darzana meM ahiMsA eka vizleSaNa jaina AcAra kA samUcA sAhitya ahiMsA kI sAdhanA se ota-prota hai / ahiMsA kA jitanA sUkSma vivecana jaina paramparA meM milatA hai utanA zAyada hI kisI anya paramparA meM ho / ahiMsA jaina AcAra kI mUlabhIti hai| isakA pratyeka siddhAnta ahiMsA kI bhAvanA se anuprANita hai / maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya bhAvoM kA anuvartana, samatA va aparigraha tathA saMyama aura saccaritra kA anusAdhana ahiMsA ke pradhAna stambha haiM / ahiMsA jIvana kA zodhaka tattva hai / ahiMsA kA sIdhA sambandha AtmA se hai / vaha AtmA kA hI nirvikAra vyApAra hai / AtmA hI usakA sAdhakatama kAraNa hai / AtmA hI usakI suramya janma-sthalI hai aura ahiMsA kA saMpUrNa kriyA-kalApa AtmA ke lie hI hotA hai| "ahiMsA paramo dharmaH" atyanta prAcIna evaM sarvamAnya siddhAnta hai / isakA sarvaprathama rUpa vaidika paramparA meM dekhane ko milatA hai| jisakA Arambha upaniSadoM se hotA hai / koI bhI dharmagrantha hiMsA athavA mAMsAhAra kI khulI chUTa nahIM detA / prAcIna granthoM ne yatra-tatra kucha vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM hI isa hetu AjJA pradAna kI hai / isa sambandha meM vaidika evaM bauddha paramparA, gAMdhI vicAradhArA, islAma tathA IsAI, jainetara dharma zAstroM se kucha aMza pramANa svarUpa uddhRta kie jA rahe haiM, jinheM buddhi-viveka kI kasauTI para kasakara yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki jIva hiMsA evaM mAMsa bhakSaNa mAnava ke lie kahAM taka nyAyocita hai / zrI sunIla kumAra jaina jIvana ke nirmANa meM ahiMsA kI mahatI upayogitA vismRta karake Aja use kevala "jIo aura jIne do" kI saMkucita sImAoM meM pratibaddha kara diyA gayA hai| isase janajIvana meM ahiMsA vikRta hI nahIM huI hai, varan usakA svarUpa hI jIvana aura jagata se lupta-sA ho gayA hai / isakA phala yaha huA ki Aja vyakti ko apane jIvana ke lie ahiMsA kI koI upayogitA nahIM rahI / usakA upayoga kevala dUsare prANI kA bacAne kA anadhikRta tathA viphala prayAsa taka hI sImita raha gayA hai| hiMsA kA pratikAra karane ke lie ahiMsA kA prAdurbhAva huaa| jaina dharma meM hiMsA-ahiMsA kA atyanta vistRta evaM sUkSma vivecana huA hai| "tatvArtha sUtra" meM umAsvAmI ne hiMsA kI paribhASA isa rUpa meM dI hai : pramattapogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA arthAt pramAdavaza jo prANaghAta hotA hai vahI hiMsA hai| kisI kA prANavyaparopaNa hI hiMsA nahIM, mana kI sAvadya pravRtti mAtra hI hiMsA hai| isa prakAra hiMsA meM pahale mana kA vyApAra hotA hai phira vacana aura kAya kA / pramAda - vazIbhUta vyakti ke mana meM pratizodha kI bhAvanA jAgrata hotI hai jo hiMsaka uddezya kI jananI hotI hai aura taba vaha kaSTakArI vacana kA prayoga karane lagatA hai tathA isase bhI Age bar3hane para usa jIvana kA prANaghAta karatA hai jisake prati usake mana meM pramAda jAgrata huA rahatA hai / "dazavaikAlika cUrNi" meM kahA hai ki mana-vacana aura kAya ke durupayoga se jo prANaghAta hotA hai vahI hiMsA hai| isa taraha pramAda, vaza kisI prANI kA hanana karanA athavA use kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa pahuMcAnA hiMsA kahI jAtI hai / hiMsA kA mUla kAraNa hai, pramAda athavA kaSAya / isI kAraNa hiMsA kI utpatti hotI hai| isI ke adhIna hokara jIva ke mana, vacana, kAya meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi bhAva prakaTa hote haiN| ye hI cAra prakAra ke kaSAya haiM, jinake vaza meM hokara vaha svayaM zuddhopayoga rUpa bhAva-prANoM kA hanana karatA hai| inhIM kaSAyAdika kI tIvratA ke phalasvarUpa usake dvArA dravya-prANoM kA bhI ghAta hotA hai / 'AcArAMga sUtra' meM kahA gayA hai - sabhI prANiyoM ko, sabhI bhUtoM ko, sabhI jIvoM ko tathA sabhI sattvoM ko na to mAranA cAhie, na anya vyakti ke dvArA maravAnA cAhie, na pIr3ita karanA cAhie aura na unako ghAta karane kI buddhi se sparza hI karanA cAhie / yahI dharma 1. tattvArtha sUtra 7, 6. 2. dazavekAlikacUrNi jinadAsa gaNi, prathama adhyayana 34-44. jaina dharma evaM AcAra 103
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________________ zuddha, zAzvata aura niyata hai| isameM pratipAdita zuddha dharma ko ahiMsA hI mAnA gayA hai / isa loka meM jitane bhI trasa aura sthAvara prANI haiM, unakI hiMsA na jAnakara karo, na anajAna meM karo aura na dUsaroM se hI kisI kI hiMsA karAo, kyoMki sabake bhItara eka-sI AtmA hai| jo vyakti khuda hiMsA karatA hai, dUsaroM se hiMsA karavAtA hai aura dUsaroM kI hiMsA kA anumodana karatA hai, vaha apane lie baira hI bar3hAtA hai|' vastutaH hiMsA ke rAgAdika bhAva dUra ho jAne para svabhAvataH, ahiMsA-bhAva jAgrata ho jAtA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM, samasta prANiyoM ke prati saMyama bhAva hI ahiMsA hai / 'ahiMsA' zabda kA prAyaH niSedhAtmaka artha meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| niSedha kA artha hai-"kisI cIja ko rokanA yA na hone denaa|" ata: niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA kA artha kisI bhI prANI ke prANaghAta kA na honA yA kisI bhI prANI ko kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa na denA hai| jaina darzana meM ahiMsA ke do pakSa milate haiN| hiMsA na karanA' yaha ahiMsA kA eka pakSa hai, usakA dUsarA pakSa hai--maitrI, karuNA aura sevA / pahalA pakSa nivRtti-pradhAna hai aura dUsarA pakSa pravRtti-pradhAna / pravRtti, nivRtti donoM kA anyonyAzraya sambandha hai / ata: pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM meM ahiMsA samAhita hai| jaina dharma meM hiMsA-ahiMsA sambandhI vicAroM ko zrAvaka-zramaNa-bhedAnusAra do vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| jainAcAra meM isake do zabda dezavirata (aNuvrata) aura sarvavirata (mahAvrata) milate haiN| dezavirata se tAtparya una logoM se hai jo ahiMsAdi kA pAlana pUrNarUpeNa nahIM karate haiM, aise loga zrAvaka kahalAte haiN| sarvavirata kA pAlana zramaNa karate haiM jo hiMsA Adi samasta sthUla-sUkSma doSoM kA parityAga kara dete haiM / ataeva zrAvaka aura zramaNa donoM ke hI AcAroM meM ahiMsA ucita sthAna rakhatI hai| jaina saMskRti meM jIvana ke pratyeka kriyA-kalApa ko ahiMsA kI kasauTI para kasA gayA hai| ahiMsA ko ThIka prakAra se na samajhane ke kAraNa hI janamAnasa meM aneka bhrAMtiyAM praveza kara gaI haiN| kabhI-kabhI kucha loga kahate haiM---"ahiMsA vyakti ko kAyara banA detI hai, isase AdamI kA vIratva evaM rakSA kA sAhasa hI mArA jAtA hai|" kintu yaha dhAraNA nirmUla evaM galata hai / AtmarakSA ke lie ucita pratikAra ke sAdhana sImAvizeSa meM juTAnA jaina dharma ke viruddha nahIM hai| ahiMsA kA prathama sopAna to nirbhayatA hai, yaha kAyaratA se dUra hai, yaha vIratva kA mArga hai jisake mUla meM AtmA ke virAT bhAva kI sAdhanA nihita hai| ahiMsA para vicAra karate samaya eka prazna vizeSa rUpa se uThatA hai ki saMsAra meM yuddha jaba Avazyaka ho jAtA hai to usa samaya bhahiMsA kA sAdhana kisa prakAra kA rUpa apanAegA ? yuddha ke na karane para AtmarakSA aura rASTra rakSA ke hita ke lie isa prakAra kI hiMsA karanA hiMsA nahIM hai, pratyuta yaha to parama karttavya hai| candragupta, cAmuNDarAya, khAravela Adi jaise jaina adhipati yoddhAoM ne zatruoM ke dAMta khaTTe kie haiM / isalie rakSaNAtmaka hiMsA pApa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| ataH adhikArI ke lie prANI kA vadha hiMsA nahIM, ahiMsA hI hai / kartavya se cyuta hone para avazya dharma kI hiMsA hogii| pApI kA vadha na karake ulTA usake hAthoM mara jAnA yaha kauna-sA dharma hogA? yahAM hameM gItA meM varNita mahAyoddhA arjuna kA yuddha-dharma isa prakAra ke ahiMsA kI yAda dilAtA hai| arjuna kA moha-bhrama bhagavAna kRSNa ne isI taraha kI ahiMsA kA upadeza dekara dUra kiyA thaa| DaoNkTara yadi rogI ke kisI sar3e hue aMga ko jo usake jIvana ke lie hAnikAraka hai kATa DAlatA hai athavA majisTreTa cora ko daNDa tathA hatyAre ko phAMsI kI sajA detA hai to kyA ise hiMsA karanA kaheMge? kadApi nahIM, balki yadi ve donoM apane kartavya-pAlana meM kAyaratA dikhAte haiM to avazya ve hiMsA ke hI aparAdhI hoMge kyoMki unhoMne apane-apane kartavyapAlana dvArA una logoM kA zreya nahIM kiyA, apitu unake adhaHpatana meM hI apanI sahAyatA dii| isa prakAra kisI zarIra ko kaSTa denA mAtra hI hiMsA kA svarUpa nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki mAtra kriyA apane svarUpa se puNyapApa rUpa nahIM ho sakatI varan buddhi-bhAva hI puNya-pApa rUpa ho skegaa| jIvatatva aura ajIva tattvoM kA saMkramaNa, parikramaNa aura vikramaNa hI saMsAra hai| vaha pUrNa bhI isI taraha hai| isa vizva kI pUrNatA meM hI virATa rUpa meM ahiMsA kA darzana hotA hai| sarvaprANiyoM kA udaya hI sarvodaya rUpa pUrNa ahiMsA hai aura sarvodaya hI ahiMsA kA virATa rUpa hai| 1. uttarAdhyayana 8, 10. 1. paMcAdhyAyI 813. 104 mAcAryarasna zrI vezabhUSaNajI mahArAja abhinandana prantha __Jain.Education.International.....