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________________ jaina darzana kA karma-siddhAnta : jIvana kA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa 1. karmavAda kI tIna dhArAeM: bhAratIya citakoM ne apane citana kA jo vizAla bhavana nirmita kiyA hai, usakA svarNa kalaza yadi mukti hai to usakI prAdhAra-zilA karmavAda yA janmAntara / karmavAda kA vizleSaNa bhAratIya vicAradhArA meM mukhyatayA tIna taraha se huyA hai| eka to una anIzvaravAdiyoM-jaina, bauddha aura mImAMsaka-ke dvArA jo karma ko itanA zaktizAlI mAnate haiM ki usake lie kisI niyantA kI jarUrata nahIM hotii| dUsare una IzvaravAdiyoM-viziSTA dvata, zaiva-dvArA jo eka aise karmAdhyakSa yA Izvara ko mAnate haiM jo jIva ko yathocita phala detA hai| aura tIsare ve advatavedAntI evaM sAMkhya haiM jo karma kI pAramArthika sattA nahIM mAnate / avidyA ke naSTa hote hI karma bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| inameM matabheda avazya haiM, kintu yadi saba ke mUla meM hama jAyeM to itanA saba mAnate haiM ki kie hae karmoM kA phala avazya bhoganA par3atA hai, cAhe ve acche hoM yA bure / jaina darzana meM karma-vijJAna para bahuta gambhIra, vizada, vaijJAnika cintanA kI gaI hai| karmoM kA itanA sUkSma vizleSaNa anyatra prApta nahIM hotaa| jIvana ke samasta aMgoM kA vizleSaNa karmavAda ke dvArA pratipAdana karanA jainoM kI apanI maulika zodha hai| yaha karmavAda kA siddhAnta apane Apa meM itanA zaktizAlI evaM svatantra hai ki jIvoM ko karmaphala dene meM use kisI niyaMtA Adi kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| acetana kA yaha cetana para zAsana hai| ekadama cauMkA dene vAlI bAta ? lekina jaba hama isa karmavAda kI gaharAI taka pahacate haiM to Azcarya hotA hai una jaina manISiyoM kI buddhi para jinhoMne kitane sarala aura vaijJAnika DhaMga se jIvana ko sArI gutthiyAM sulajhAkara rakha dI haiM / jaina darzana meM karmavAda : jaina-darzana meM karmavAda kaise prArambha huA aura kaba se ina do praznoM ko, karma-siddhAnta kyA hai isake vivecana ke pUrva, samAdhita kara lenA caahie| vizva kI vividhatA para ciMtana karate hue prAyaH pratyeka darzana ne usake kAraNoM kI khoja kii| lekina yaha koI sarala kArya nahIM thA / jIvana kA prArambha kaba aura kyoM huyA yaha kaha pAnA kaThina thaa| kaba to abhI taka anuttarita hai aura kyoM ko Izvara kI icchA se jor3a diyA gyaa| ataH vizva kA vividha rUpoM meM parivartana saba Izvara kI kRpA hai, icchA hai| usa mahAna kI icchA pUrti karane ke hama kevala mAdhyama haiN| prAya: isI taraha kI mAnyatAoM ne anya darzanoM ko vizrAma de diyaa|
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________________ 340 ] pro0 prema sumana jaina lekina jaina darzana ko yaha duharI parikalpanA koI dizA na de skii| usane isa cintana prakriyA ko aura gati dI cintana kI gaharAI ne mAnyatAoM ke vyAmoha ko bhaMga kiyaa| ina cAra avasthAoM ko pratipAdita kiyA -- 1. vizva ke mUla meM do tatva haiM-- jIva aura prajIva / 2. ina cetana aura acetana kA sambandha jIva ko nAnA prakAra kI dazAoM meM parivartita karatA hai| yahI vizva kI vividhatA hai| 3. ukta jIva-prajIva ke samparka ko rokane aura sarvathA naSTa karane kI zakti jIva meM vidyamAna hai / 4. tathA samparka naSTa hote hI jIva punaH vizuddha evaM nirmala ho jAtA hai| yahI mukti hai| ukta cAra avasthAoM ke pratipAdana se jaina darzana ke nimna cAra siddhAnta pratiphalita hote haiM --- 1. tatvajJAna nirUpaNa sRSTi kA vizleSaNa / 2. karma - siddhAnta : jIvana kA manovaijJAnika adhyayana | 3. jainAcAra : saMyama evaM tapasAdhanA / 4. mukti jIvana kI sarvotkRSTa upalabdhi / jaina darzana ne ina cAroM siddhAntoM kI vyAkhyA sAta tatvoM ke nirUpaNa dvArA kI hai| prathama siddhAnta kA sambandha jIva aura prajIva se hai| dvitIya kA grAzrava evaM bandha se / tRtIya kA mUlAdhAra saMvara tathA nirjarA haiM evaM mokSa kA sambandha antima siddhAnta se hai / yahAM hameM dvitIya siddhAnta karmavAda ke antargata zrAzrava evaM bandha tatvoM para vicAra karanA hai aura yaha dekhanA hai ki Adhunika manovijJAna ko kitane sUkSma DhaMga se jaina manISiyoM ne hajAroM varSa pUrva hRdayaMgama kara rakhA thA / jIva ke sAtha karmoM kA samparka : do bAteM yahAM jAnanA jarUrI hai| prathama yaha ki karmoM kA jIva taka pahuMcane ke sAdhana kyA haiM evaM jIva ke samakSa pahuMcane para karma usase apanA sambandha kaise sthApita karate haiM? sAdhanoM para vicAra jaina darzana meM 'prAzrava' tatva ke nirupaNa dvArA kiyA gayA hai| jIva aura karmoM kA bandha tabhI sambhava hai jaba jIva meM karma pudgaloM kA Agamana ho / ataH karmoM ke Ane ke dvAra ko 'zrava' kahate haiN| vaha dvAra jIva kI hI eka zakti hai jise yoga kahate haiN| hama mana ke dvArA jo kucha socate haiM, vacana ke dvArA jo kucha bolate haiM aura zarIra ke dvArA jo kucha halana calana karate haiM vaha saba karmoM ke Ane meM kAraNa hai / isa mana, vacana aura kAya kI kriyA ko yoga kahA gayA hai / ataH spaSTa hai, hamArA mana evaM pAMcoM iMdriyAM hI karmoM ke prAgamana meM pramukha kAraNa haiN| ina chahoM kI kriyAoM (karma) dvArA AtmA kA pudgala paramANutroM se samparka hotA hai isalie isa samparka ko 'karma' kahA gayA hai / AtmA ke sAtha karma- samparka hone meM mana kA vizeSa hAtha hai| jIvana ke sabhI kArya vyApAra, citana, manana, icchA, sneha, ghRraNA prAdi sabhI kucha mana ke Upara hI nirbhara hai| pAMcoM iMdriyoM para isI kA zAsana hai /
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________________ jaina darzana kA karma siddhAMta [ 341 ataH AtmA kA vikAsa evaM patana isI mana para hI Azrita hai / jaina-darzana meM jahAM mana ko caMcala aura durjaya kahA gayA vahAM usako vaza meM karane kI dizA bhI pradAna kI gaI hai / saMyama evaM dhyAna kI ekAgratA mana ko sthira karatI hai| mana ke nigraha se pAMcoM iMdriyAM vaza meM ho jAtI haiM aura ina chahoM para vijaya prApta kara lene se sArI viSaya-vAsanA apane grApa tirohita ho jAtI hai| jIvana meM eka santulita gatizIlatA A jAtI hai| prataH karma bandhana meM mana pradhAna kAraNa hai| uparokta sAdhanoM se karma paramANu prAtmA ke samakSa do taraha se Ate haiM aura usameM mila jAte haiN| prathama kAya prAdi yogoM kI sAdhAraNa kriyAoM ke dvArA aura dUsare krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAra tIvra manovikAra rUpa kaSAyoM ke vega se prerita hokara / prathama prakAra ke karmAzrava ko mArgagAmI kahA gayA hai, kyoMki usake dvArA AtmA aura karma pradezoM kA koI sthira bandha utpanna nahIM hotaa| karma-paramANu pAte haiM aura cale jAte haiN| jisa prakAra kisI vizuddha sUkhe vastra para baiThI dhUla zIghra jhar3a jAtI hai, dera taka vastra se cipaTI nahIM rhtii| isa prakAra kA karmAzrava samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke nirantara hA karatA hai| kyoMki unake kisI na kisI prakAra kI mAnasika, zArIrika va vAcika kriyA sadaiva hayA hI karatI hai| kintu isakA koI vizeSa pariNAma AtmA para nahIM par3atA / parantu jaba jIva kI mAnasika Adi kriyAe~ kaSAyoM se yukta hotI haiM, taba Atma-pradezoM meM eka aisI parapadArtha grAhiNI dazA utpanna ho jAtI hai jisake kAraNa usake samparka meM Ane vAle karma paramANu usase zIghra pRthaka nahIM hote / yathArthataH krodhAdi vicAroM kI isI zakti ke kAraNa unheM kaSAya kahA gayA hai| sAmAnyataH vaha vRkSa ke dUdha ke samAna cepa vAle drava padArthoM ko kaSAya kahate haiM, kyoMki unameM cipakane kI zakti hotI hai| usI prakAra krodha, mAna Adi manovikAra jIva meM karma paramAraNoM kA AzleSa karAne meM kAraNIbhUta hone ke kAraNa kaSAya kahalAte haiN| manovijJAna kI bhASA meM kaheM to jina manovicAroM se AtmA kaluSita ho jAya eva mana meM vikAra paidA ho jAya unheM kaSAya kahate haiM / isa sakaSAya avasthA meM utpanna huA karmAzrava apanA kucha na kucha prabhAva dikhalAye binA AtmA se pRthaka nahIM hotaa| ataH kaSAyayukta karmoM kA hI hameM phala bhugatanA par3atA hai| karma sambandha anAdi : svabhAvataH yahA~ eka prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai ki karma-paramANu acetana haiM aura AtmA sacetana / taba cetana-pracetana kA paraspara mela kaise hotA hai aura kisa prakAra kA hotA hai ? anya darzanoM kI taraha jaina-darzana bhI jIva aura karma ke sambandha ko anAdi mAnatA hai / yaha mAnakara calanA Avazyaka bhI hai / kyoMki yadi yaha mAnakara caleM ki sarvathA zuddha AtmA (jIva) ke sAtha karmoM kA bandha hotA hai to kaI vivAda uTha khar3e hote haiN| prathama yaha ki sarvathA zuddha jIva ke karma bandha kaise sambhava hai ? aura yadi sarvathA zuddha jIva bhI karmabandhana meM par3a sakatA hai to mukti kA prayatna karanA hI vyartha hai ? mukta jIva bhI taba kamoM kA kabhI baMdha kara sakate haiN| jIva aura karma kA sambandha anAdi mAna lene se uparyukta praznoM kI gujAiza nahIM rahatI / jIva jaba taka saMsAra meM rahatA hai kiMcita rAga-dveSa pariNAmoM se hamezA lipta rahatA hai, phira bhI usakI sacetanatA meM
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________________ 342 ] pro. prema sumana jaina koI pharaka nahIM pdd'taa| jaise tAje dUdha meM pAnI kA aza vidyamAna hone para bhI vaha dUdha hI kahalAtA hai| jIva ke yahI kiMcita rAga dveSa rUpa pariNAma naye karma bAMdhate haiM / arthAt jIva kI sacetanatA meM jo acetanatA ke aMza haiM, vahI naye karmoM kA AhvAna karate haiN| ina karmoM se nAnA gatiyoM meM jIva janma letA hai| janma le se saMsArI padArthoM ke prati phira usake rAga aura dveSa bhAva utpanna hote haiM, jinase phira karma baMdhate haiN| isa prakAra rAga-dveSa bhAva aura karma eka dUsare ke janma dAtA haiN| isI krama kA nAma saMsAra-cakra hai / jahAM taka AtmA aura karma-paramAraNyoM ke saMyoga ke svarUpa kI bAta hai, usakA koI nizcita rUpavidhAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / jIva aura karma-paramANoM kA saMbaMdha yadyapi saMyoga-parvaka hota saMyoga se eka juDI vastu hai / saMyoga to meja aura usa para rakhI haI pustaka kA bhI hai, kintu use bandha nahIM kaha sakate / bandha to eka aisA mizraNa hai jisameM rAsAyanika (Chemical) parivartana hotA hai| usameM milane vAle do tatva apanI asalI hAlata ko chor3akara eka tIsare rUpa meM badala jAte haiN| jaise dUdha aura pAnI kI milAvaTa na to dUdha ko dUdha rahane detI aura na pAnI ko paanii| donoM eka dUsare para prabhAva DAlakara paraspara ghula jAte haiN| jIva aura karma baMdhana ko bhI yahI avasthA hotI hai| ___ jaina-darzana prAtmA aura karmoM ke bandha kA nirUpaNa karake hI cupa nahIM ho jAtA balki karma kitane prakAra ke haiM, kina kriyAnoM se kauna se karma baMdhate haiM, yaha bandhana kaba taka rahatA hai, kaise phala detA hai, kisa prakAra ghaTatA-bar3hatA hai tathA kina prayatnoM dvArA sarvathA naSTa hotA hai Adi samasta sambandhita praznoM para bhI vistAra se vicAra karatA hai| isa prakAra kA viSaya-nirUpaNa sacamuca, jaina-darzana kI apanI maulika vizeSatA hai| karmoM ke bheda : jaina-darzana ke karmoM ke bheda ko karma prakRtiyoM ke nAma se upasthita kiyA gayA hai| prakRti kA artha hai svabhAva / arthAt karma kitane svabhAva vAle hote haiM / kucha karmoM kA svabhAva jJAna ko DhAMkanA hotA haiM, kinhIM kA darzana ko| isa prakAra kI karmoM kI mUla pATha prakRtiyAM haiM-jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya, vedanIya, prAyu, nAma aura gotra / ina ATha mUla prakRtiyoM kI apanI-apanI bheda rUpa vividha uttara prakRtiyAM bhI haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya karma AtmA ke jJAna guraNa para aisA prAvaraNa utpanna karatA hai, jisake kAraNa usakA pUrNa vikAsa nahIM hone pAtA / jisa prakAra vastra ke prAvaraNa se sUrya yA dIpaka kA prakAza manda par3a jAtA hai usI prakAra isa karma ke dvArA AtmA dhUmila ho jAtI hai| darzanAvaraNIya karma prAtmA ke darzana nAmaka caitanya guNa ko prAvRta karatA hai / mohanIya karma jIva ke jIva kI ruci va cAritra meM aviveka, vikAra va viparItatA Adi doSa utpanna karatA hai / antarAya karma jIva dvArA dAna dene, lAbha lene, vastuoM kA bhoga karane, unase sUkha lene evaM sAmarthya ke prayoga karane meM bAdhA utpanna karatA hai| vedanIya karma prApta vastuoM se phalita sukhadukha kA anubhava karAtA hai / prAyu karma jIva ko deva, naraka, manuSya evaM tiryaJca gatiyoM kI sthiti kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai / gotra-karma jIva ko nIcagotra yA uccagotra meM le jAtA hai| nAma karma jIva kA zArIrika-nirmANa karatA hai| kisI ko sundara va kurUpa banAnA isI ke hAtha meM hai|
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________________ jaina darzana kA karma siddhAnta karma-bandha ke kAraNa : sAmAnya rUpa se karma bandhakA kAraNa jIva kI kaSAyAtmaka mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRttiyAM haiN| kintu kauna-sI kaSAyAtmaka pravRttiyAM kina karma-pravRttiyoM ko bAMdhatI hai, jaina-darzana isakA bhI sUkSma vivaraNa prastuta karatA hai| kisI ke jJAnArjana meM bAdhA upasthita karanA, usake jJAna meM dUSaNa lagAnA Adi kuTila vRttiyAM jJAnAvaraNa karma-prakRti kA baMdha karatI haiM / isI prakAra kisI ke samyakadarzana meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA upasthita karane se darzanAvaraNIya karma baMdhatA hai| sajjana puruSoM kI niMdA evaM unake prati krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke tIvra bhAva utpanna karane se mohanIya tathA dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga evaM zakti jIvana kI ina sAmAnya pravRttiyoM meM vighna upasthita karane se antarAya karma kA badha hotA hai / svayaM yA dUsare ko duHkha, zoka, badha prAdi rUpa pIr3A dene se asAtA vedanIya evaM jIvoM ke prati dayA bhAva, anukampA Adi karane se sAtAvedanIya karma baMdhatA hai| isI asAtA aura sAtA vedanIya karmoM ke anusAra pApa-evaM puNya kI sthati hotI hai / yadyapi karmoM kA bandha donoM se hotA hai| sAMsArika kAryoM meM prati Asakti prati parigraha narakAyu kA, mAyAcAra tiryaJca Ayu kA, alpArambha, alpa parigraha va svabhAva kI mRdutA manuSya prAyu kA tathA saMyama va tapa devAyu kA baMdha karAte haiM / paranindA, Atma-prazaMsA Adi nIcagotra ke, tathA inase viparIta pravRttiyAM evaM mAna kA prabhAva aura vinaya Adi ucca gotra-bandhana ke kAraNa haiN| mana-vacana-kAya yogoM kI vakratA evaM kutsita kriyAe~ Adi azubha nAma karma kA bandha kara jIva ko kurUpa banAtI haiM tathA isase viparIta sadAcaraNa zubha nAma karma kA baMdha kara jIva ko sundara tathA tIrthakara banane kI bhI kSamatA pradAna karatA hai| karmoM kI sthiti evaM zakti : isa prakAra nAnA prakAra kI kriyAnoM dvArA jaba vividha karma-prakRtiyAM baMdha ko prApta hotI haiM tabhI unameM jIva ke kaSAyoM kI maMdatA va tIvratA ke anusAra yaha guNa bhI utpanna ho jAtA hai ki vaha baMdha kitane kAla taka sattA meM rahegA aura phira apanA phala dekara jhar3a jaaygaa| pArabhASika zabdAvalI meM ise karmoM kA sthiti bandha kahA hai| yaha sthiti jIvoM ke pariNAmAnusAra tIna prakAra kI hotI hai-jadhanya madhyama aura utkRSTa / karmoM kA sthiti-baMdha hone ke sAtha unameM tIvra va manda phaladAyini zakti bhI utpanna hotI hai| isI ke anusAra karma phala dete haiN| karmoM kA phala : karma kisa prakAra phala dete haiM, karma-siddhAnta ke pratipAdana ke samaya, yaha eka mahatvapUrNa prazna hai| anya darzanoM meM to jIva ko karma karane meM svatantra aura usakA phala bhogane meM paratantra mAnA gayA hai| Izvara hI saba ko acche-bure karmoM kA phala detA hai| kintu jana-darzana kA kahanA hai ki karma apanA phala svayaM dete haiN| usake lie kisI nyAyAdhIza kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / jIva kI pratyeka kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika pravRtti ke sAtha jo karma-paramAraNa jIvAtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiM aura rAga-dveSa kA nimitta pAkara usa jIva se baMdha jAte haiM, una karma paramANunoM meM zarAba aura dUdha kI taraha acchA aura burA prabhAva DAlane kI zakti rahatI hai, jo caitanya ke
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________________ 344 ] pro. prema sumana sambandha se vyakta hokara jIva para apanA prabhAva DAlatI hai / aura usake prabhAva se mugdha huAA jIva aise kAma karatA hai jo sukhadAyaka va dukhaHdAyaka hote haiN| yadi karma karate samaya jIva ke bhAva macche hote haiM to baMdhane vAle karma paramANuoM para acchA prabhAva par3atA hai mora bAda meM unakA phala bhI acchA hotA hai| tathA yadi bure bhAva hote haiM to burA asara par3atA hai aura kAlAntara meM unakA phala bhI burA hI hotA hai / grataH spaSTa hai ki hamAre bhAvoM kA asara karma-paramANuoM para par3atA hai usI ke anusAra unakA acchA-burA vicAka hotA hai| isa prakAra jIva jaise karma karane meM svatantra hai, vaise hI karmaphala ke bhogane meM bhI / karmoM meM parivartana : yahAM aba yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki jaba karma nirantara baMghate aura phala dete rahate haiM to unheM hamezA eka-sA hI honA cAhie yA to acchA yA buraa| taba phira koI bure karmoM ko bAMdhane vAlA jIva acche karmoM ko kisa prakAra bAMdhegA ? jaina darzana ne ina tamAma jijJAsAoM ko bhI samAdhita kiyA hai / ukta vivecana meM hamane dekhA ki karma paramANuoM ko jIva taka lAne kA kAma jIva kI yoga zakti karatI hai aura usake sAtha bandha karAne kA kAma kapAya arthAt jIva ke rAga-dveSa bhAva karate haiN| isa taraha karmoM meM aneka prakAra kA svabhAva par3anA tathA unakI saMkhyA kA kamatI bar3hatI honA yoga para nirbhara hai| tathA karmoM meM jIva ke sAtha kama yA adhika kAla taka Thaharane kI zakti kA par3anA aura tIvra yA manda phala dene kI zakti kA par3anA kaSAya para nirbhara hai / aba jaisA jisakA yoga ( mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyAeM ) hogA aura jaisI jisakI kavAya ( rAga-dva eSa ) hogI, vaise hI usake karma baMdhege aura vaisA hI unakA phala hogA / jaina jaina - darzana meM karmoM kI dasa mukhya kriyAoMoM kA prativAdana kiyA Thaharane evaM phala dene kI zakti kA bar3hanA, ghaTanA, sthita rahanA, nizcita denA, paraspara sajAtIya karmoM meM mila jAnA, phala dene kI zakti ko roka Adi / karmoM kI ina kriyAoM se spaSTa hai ki bure karmoM kA bandha karane vAlA jIva yadi acche karma karane laga jAtA hai to usake pahale bAMdhe hue bure karmoM kI sthiti aura phala dAna-zakti acche bhAvoM ke prabhAva se ghaTa jAtI hai / aura agara bure karmoM kA bandha karake usake bhAva aura bhI adhika kaluSita ho jAte haiM tathA vaha adhika bure karma karane laga jAtA hai to bure bhAvoM kA asara pAkara pahale bAMdhe hue karmoM kI sthiti aura phaladAna-zakti aura bhI adhika bar3ha jAtI hai / isa utkarSaraNa aura apakarSaraNa ke kAraNa hI koI karma jalda phala detA hai aura koI dera meM kisI karma kA phala tIvra hotA hai aura kisI kA manda prataH karma phala ke bhoga meM samaya kI viSamatA, tIvratA, mandatA Adi sabhI kucha jIva ke yoga evaM kaSAya kI mAtrA para bhI nirbhara hai / I karmoM se mukti karma siddhAnta se sambandhita aba antima prazna aura baca rahatA hai, vaha hai- isa vizAla karma baMdhana kI paramparA se sarvathA chuTakArA kaise sambhava hai ? jaina darzana kA paramatatva, jIvana kA antima evaM utkRSTa lakSya Adi saba kucha ukta prazna ke samAdhAna ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / gayA hai| karmoM kA baMdha honA, unake samaya meM phala denA, samaya se pUrva phala denA, karma ko ghaTane-bar3hane na denA jIva ke sAtha karmoM ke bandhana meM do kriyAeM hotI haiM-karmoM kA grAnA (grAzrava) aura baMdha jAnA (bandha ) / ataH usake chuTakArA meM bhI do hI kriyAeM apekSita haiM- karmoM ke Agamana ko roka denA aura Aye
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________________ 345 ] jaina darzana kA karma siddhAnta hue karmoM ko jIva se alaga kara denA / prathama kriyA ko saMvara kahA gayA hai, dUsarI ko nirjarA / ina donoM kriyAoM ke sampanna hote hI jo sthiti jIva kI hotI hai vahI mukti kI avasthA hai| karmoM se jIva kI mukti ke lie jaina-paramparA meM jo prayatna kiye jAte haiM usI kA nAma jaina-dharma hai| vaha dharma do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai| prathama prAcAra mUlaka dharma, jisakI AdhAra bhUta bhitti aMhisA hai / aura jisakA pAlana karake gRhastha zrAvaka-zrAvikAe navIna karmoM ko rokane kA prayatna karate haiM / saMvara kI sAdhanA karate haiM / dUsarA hai, cAritra mUlaka dharma / jisakI AdhArabhUta bhitti saMyama aura tapa hai| aura jisakA sAdhuvarga pAlana karake pUrva saMcita karmoM ko sarvathA jIva se pRthaka kara dene kA prayatna karatA hai| nirjarA kI sAdhanA karatA hai| isa sAdhanA kI carama sImA hI mokSa hai / jIvana ke sarvotkRSTa lakSya kI prApti / uttaradAyitva evaM zakti kA samanvaya : uparyukta karma-siddhAnta ke vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jaina darzana ne jIvana ke pratyeka pakSa ko kitane vaijJAnika evaM sUkSma DhaMga se karma-siddhAnta ke pratipAdana dvArA ujAgara kiyA hai| mAnava yadi apane mana vacana aura sukhamaya hone meM dera nahIM lgegii| karma siddhAnta kI jAnakArI ho jAne para manuSya ke Upara jahAM usake hara acche-bure kArya kA uttara dAyitva AtA hai, vahAM usameM apane hI puruSArtha dvArA apanI paristhiyoM ko badala DAlane kI zakti bhI jAgRta hotI hai uttaradAyitva evaM nirmANa zakti kA yaha sundara samanvaya prastuta karanA hI jaina darzana meM pratipAdya karma-siddhAnta kA uddezya hai| [prastuta nibandha meM nimna pustakeM sandarbhagrantha haiN| vistRta jAnakArI ke liye unakA avalokana apekSita hai] 1. jaina dharma-paM0 kailAzacanda zAstrI pR0 140-156 2. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina saMskRti kA yogadAna DA0 hIrAlAla jaina pR0 222-240 3. jaina zAsana-sumeracanda divAkara pR0 165-230 4. jaina darzana-DA0 mohanalAla mehatA, pR0 345-57 - -- +--