Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrI indra candra zAstrI ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 dillI jainadarzana 'jaina' zabda kA artha hai jina ke anuyAyI aura 'jina' zabda kA artha hai jisane rAga dveSa ko jIta liyA hai. use arhat arthAt pUjanIya bhI kahA jAtA hai. isI AdhAra para jainadharma kA dUsarA nAma Arhaddharma hai. jainasAdhu parigraha yA saMpatti nahIM rakhate. unake pAsa aisI koI vastu nahIM hotI jise gAMTha bAMdhakara rakhA jAya. isaliye ve nirgrantha kahe jAte haiM aura unakA dharma nigraMtha dharma. IsvIpUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM bhAratIya saMskRti kI do mukhya dhArAe~ thIM. eka ora yajJa tathA bhautika sukhoM para bala dene vAlI brAhmaNa paraMparA aura dUsarI ora nivRtti tathA mokSa para bala denevAlI zramaNa paraMparA. jainadharma zramaNaparaMparA kI eka pradhAna zAkhA hai. jainadharma na vikAsavAdI hai aura na hrAsavAdI. jagatkartA ke rUpa meM kisI atIndriya sattA ko nahIM mAnatA. vizva parivartanazIla hai. usakI upamA eka cakra se dI jAtI hai jisameM unnati aura avanati, utthAna aura patana kA krama nirantara calatA rahatA hai. isa krama ko bAraha AroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai. utthAna ko utsarpiNI kAla aura patana ko avasarpiNI kAla kahA jAtA hai. pratyeka meM chaha Are haiM. pratyeka kAla ke madhya meM dharma kI sthApanA hotI hai. prastuta kAla avasarpiNI hai. isameM sabhI bAteM hIyamAna haiM. isake madhya meM arthAt tRtIya Are ke aMta me prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva huye. ve hI jainadharma kI vartamAna paraMparA ke saMsthApaka mAne jAte haiM. unakA varNana bhAgavata tathA vaidika sAhitya meM bhI AyA hai. jJAta hotA hai ve sarvamAnya mahApuruSa rahe hoMge. unake samaya ke viSaya meM aitihAsika dRSTi se kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. RSabhadeva ke pazcAt 23 tIrthaMkara huye. bAIsaveM neminAtha bhagavAn kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the. chAMdogya upaniSad meM unakA nirdeza ghora aMgirasa ke rUpa meM AyA hai. teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha IsvIpUrva 850 meM huye. ve vArANasI ke rAjakumAra the. aMtima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra IsvIpUrva 600 meM huye. vartamAna jainadharma unhIM kI dena hai. mahAvIra ke pazcAt eka hajAra varSa kA samaya Agamayuga kahA jAtA hai. usa samaya zraddhApradhAna Agama granthoM kI racanA huI. dArzanika dRSTi se unakA itanA mahattva hai ki yatra-tatra vibhinna mAnyatAe~ milatI haiM, kintu pratipAdanazailI dArzanika nahIM hai. darzanayuga kA prArambha IsA kI 5vIM zatAbdI meM huA. mahAvIra ke kucha samaya pazcAt jainadharma meM zvetAmbara aura digambara do sampradAya ho gaye. donoM ne dArzanika sAhitya kA vikAsa kiyA. jahAM taka jaina mAnyatAoM kA prazna hai unakA saMgraha karane vAlA prathama sUtragrantha tattvArtha sUtra hai. ise mokSazAstra bhI kahA jAtA hai. yaha umAsvAti yA umAsvAmI (tRtIya zatAbdI) kI racanA hai. isa para unakA svopajJa bhASya, pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi, siddhasenagaNI kA bhASya, akalaMka kI rAjavAtika, vidyAnaMda kI zlokavArtika tathA zrutasAgara kI AtmakhyAti nAmaka TIkAeM haiM. ye racanAyeM Agama sAhitya meM sammilita kI jAtI haiM. kuMdakuMda ne pravacanasAra. samayasAra, niyamasAra, aSTapAhur3a Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI. unameM khaNDana-maNDana na hone para bhI AtmA, jJAna Adi viSayoM kA sUkSma vivecana hai. digambara paramparA meM unheM Agama mAnA jAtA hai. dArzanika dRSTi se bhI unakA mahattva kama nahIM hai. Jain Education Inten Antall anorg
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 358 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya darzanayuga kA prArambha 5vIM zatAbdI meM mAnA jAtA hai. isI samaya siddhasena divAkara aura samaMtabhadra, mallIvAdI aura pAtrakesarI nAmaka AcArya hue. siddhasena zvetAmbara the aura samaMtabhadra digambara. donoM ne janadarzana ke prANa anekAntavAda kI sthApanA kI. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nayavAda kA pratipAdana kiyA thA. siddhasena ne use AdhAra banAkara sanmatitarka kI racanA kI jo anekAntavAda para prathama graMtha mAnA jAtA hai. unakI dUsarI racanA nyAyAvatAra jainatarkazAstra kA prathama graMtha hai. siddhasena ne 32 dvAtrizikAyeM bhI racI. unameM se 22 upalabdha haiM. inameM stotra ke rUpa meM dArzanika carcA kI gaI hai. samaMtabhadra kI darzanazAstra se sambandha rakhane vAlI 3 racanAe~ haiM(1) AptamImAMsA meM unhoMne yaha carcA kI hai ki Apta arthAt vizvAsa evaM pUjA ke yogya mahApuruSa vahI ho sakatA hai jo rAga dveSAdi se pare ho tathA jisakI vANI meM pUrvApara birodha na ho. isa kasauTI para buddha, kapila, kaNAda Adi nahIM utarate. ataH unheM Apta nahIM kahA jA sakatA. sAtha hI nityAnitya, bhedAbheda, sAmAnya-vizeSa, guNa aura guNI kA paraspara sambandha Adi viSayoM ko lekara pracalita ekAnta dRSTiyoM kA khaNDana aura anekAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai. isa para akalaMka kI aSTazatI aura vidyAnanda kI aSTasahastrI nAmaka TIkAe~ haiM. unakA dArzanika sAhitya meM mUrdhanya sthAna hai. samaMtabhadra ke anya grantha. (2) yuktyanuzAsana aura (3) svayaMbhUstotra haiM. sabhI meM unakI praur3ha tAkikatA kA paricaya milatA hai. mallivAdI ne nayacakram tathA vAdanyAya kI racanA kI. unakA athana hai ki vibhinna mata cakra meM AroM ke samAna haiM. sabhI eka-dUsare kA khaNDana karate rahate haiM. kintu niSkarSa para koI nahIM pahu~catA. sampUrNa satya cakra ke samAna hai aura samasta mata usake ghaTaka haiM. apane Apa meM arthAt nirapekSa hone para mithyA haiM aura sApekSa hone para satya ke aMga bana jAte haiM. kSamAzramaNa (7vIM zatAbdI) ne nayacakra para bRhad TIkA likhI hai. pAtrakesarI yA pAtra svAmI ne 'trilakSaNakadarthana' nAmaka graMtha racA. isameM bauddhoM dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke svarUpa kA khaNDana hai. akalaMka (800 IsavI) ne dignAga, dharmakIti, Adi bauddha AcAryoM kA khaMDana karate hue jainadRSTi se pramANavyavasthA kA pratipAdana kiyA. unake mukhya graMtha haiM-azatI, pramANasaMgraha, nyAyavinizcaya, laghIyastraya tathA siddhivinizcaya. isI samaya zvetAmbara AcArya haribhadra sUri hue. unhoMne bahusaMkhyaka granthoM kI racanA kI. darzanazAstra se sambandha rakhane vAle grantha haiM-anekAntajayapatAkA, zAstravArtAsamuccaya, SaDdarzanasamuccaya tathA lokatattva nirNaya. unake SoDazaka aura apRkoM meM bhI dArzanika carcAe~ haiM. yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogabindu tathA yogavizikA yogaviSayaka graMtha haiM. dharmasaMgrahaNI prAkRta meM hai. haribhadra ne diGnAga ke nyAyapraveza para TIkA likhakara apanI udAradRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai. akalaMka ke bhASyakAra vidyAnanda hue. atRsahasrI ke atirikta unake mukhya graMtha haiM-pramANaparIkSA, AptaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, satyazAsanaparIkSA, tathA zlokavArtika Adi. isa samaya anaMtakIrtine laghusarvajJasiddhi, bRhatsarvajJasiddhi tathA jIvasiddhi aura anantavIrya ne usa para siddhivinizcaya TIkA racI. mANikyanaMdI (10vIM zatAbdI) kA parIkSAmukha jaina tarkazAstra kA prathama sUtra graMtha hai. isI samaya siddharSi ne siddhasena kRta nyAyAvatAra para TIkA racI. abhayadeva (1054) kI sanmatitarka para 'vAdamahArNava' nAmaka vizAla TIkA bhI isI samaya kI hai. prabhAcandra (1037 se 1122) ne parIkSAmukha para prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA laghIyastraya para nyAyakumundacandra nAmaka TIkAyeM racI. vAdirAja ne nyAyAvatAra para nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa aura jinezvara (11 vIM zatAbdI) ne nyAyAvatAra para pramANalakSya nAmaka bArtika tathA una para TIkA racI. anantavIrya (12 vIM zatAbdI) kI parIkSAmukha para prameyaratnamAlA nAmaka saMkSipta TIkA hai. vAdI devasUri (1143-1226) ne pramANanayatattvAloka nAmaka sUtra graMtha aura usa para syAdvAdaratnAkara nAmaka vizAla TIkA likhI. kahA jAtA hai ki isakI zloka saMkhyA 84000 thI, kintu saMpUrNa upalabdha nahIM hai. vAdI deva zvetAmbara the. unakI racanAe~ parIkSAmukha aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa kI pratikriyA haiM. unhoMne strImukti aura kevalI ke AhAra ko lekara vistRta carcA kI hai. kahA jAtA hai ina viSayoMko lekara kumundacandra aura vAdI devasUri meM zAstrArtha huA thA. pramANanayatattvAloka para vAdI deva ke ziSya ratnaprabha ne ratnAkarAvatArikA TIkA likhI. isI samaya hemacandrAcArya (1145 se 1226) hue. unhoMne svopajJa TIkA ke sAtha pramANamImAMsA nAmaka sUtra graMtha tathA Jain Educatta &Parsenal Use Only Dandrary.org
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 316 do dvAtriMzikAyeM racI. inakI 'anyayoga-vyavacchedikA' nAmaka dvAtriMzikA para malliSeNa kI syAdvAdamaMjarI nAmaka TIkA hai. 12 vIM zatAbdI meM hI zAMtyAcArya ne nyAyAvatAra para svopajJa TIkA ke sAtha nyAyavArtika kI racanA kI. guNaratna (15 vIM zatAbdI) kI SaDdarzanasamuccaya para TIkA dArzanika sAhitya ke itihAsa meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai. bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa (15 vIM zatAbdI) kI nyAyadIpikA jainanyAya kA prArambhika graMtha hai. satrahavIM zatAbdI meM yazovijaya nAmaka pratibhAzAlI AcArya hue. unhoMne janadarzana meM navya nyAya kA praveza kiyA. unake mukhya graMtha hai-anekAMtavyavasthA, jainatarka bhASA, jJAnabindu, nayapradIpa, nayarahasya aura nayAmRtataraMgiNI, saTIka nayopadeza. nyAyakhaMDakhAdya tathA nyAyAloka meM navya nyAya zailI meM naiyAyikAdi darzanoM kA khaMDana hai. aSTasahasrI para vivaraNa tathA haribhadrakRta zAstravArtAsamuccaya para syAdvAdakalpalatA nAmaka TIkAeM haiM. bhASArahasya, pramANa rahasya, vAdarahasya nAmaka granthoM meM navyanyAya ke DhaMga para jaina tatvoM kA pratipAdana hai. unhoMne yoga tathA anya viSayoM para bhI graMtha race. isI yuga meM vimaladAsa garaNI ne 'saptabhaMgItaraMgiNI' nAmaka graMtha navyanyAya zailI para racA. jJAnamImAMsA vedAnta meM AtmA ko sat cit aura AnaMda svarUpa mAnA gayA hai. isI prakAra jainadarzana meM use anaMta catuSTayarUpa mAnA gayA hai. ve haiM anaMtajJAna, anaMtadarzana, anaMtasukha aura anaMtavIrya. prathama do--jJAna evaM darzana cetanA hI ke do rUpa haiM. pratyeka AtmA apane Apa meM sarvajJa tathA sarvadarzI hai. usake ye guNa bAhya AvaraNa ke kAraNa chipe hue haiM. jJAna kA svarUpa :---jainadarzana ke anusAra jJAna prakAza ke samAna hai arthAt vaha apane Apa meM vidyamAna vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai. naI racanA yA apanI ora se usameM koI sammizraNa nahIM karatA. yahA~ eka prazna hotA hai kisI vyakti ko dekhakara hameM yaha pratyakSa hotA hai ki vaha hamArA zatru hai. kyA zatrutva usa vyakti meM hai ? yadi aisA hai to vaha dUsaroM ko bhI zatru ke rUpa meM kyoM nahIM dikhAI detA ? uttara meM jainadarzana kA kathana hai ki vyakti yA vastu meM pratIta hone vAle sabhI dharma sApekSa hote haiM. eka hI vastu eka vyakti ko choTI dikhAI detI hai aura dUsare ko bar3I. donoM kI apanI-apanI apekSAeM hotI haiM aura usa dRSTi se donoM sacce haiM. isI prakAra vahI vyakti eka ko zatru dikhAI detA hai aura dUsare ko mitra. donoM kA yaha jJAna apanI-apanI apekSA ko lie hue hai. yadi mitratA kA darzana karane vAlA vyakti zatrutAdarzana karane vAle kI apekSA ko dRSTi meM rakha kara vicAra kare to use bhI zatrutA kA hI darzana hogA. eka hI strI eka vyakti kI dRSTi meM mAtA hai, dUsare kI dRSTi meM bahina, tIsare kI dRSTi meM patnI, cauthe kI dRSTi meM putrI. inameM se koI bhI dRSTi mithyA nahIM hai. mithyApana tabhI AyagA jaba apekSA badala jAye. sabhI jJAna AMzika satya ko lie rahate haiM aura yadi unheM AMzika satya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAya to sabhI sacce haiM. ve hI jaba pUrNa satya mAna liye jAte haiM aura dUsarI dRSTi yA apekSA kA nirAkaraNa karane lagate haiM to mithyA ho jAte haiM. jainadarzana ke anusAra pUrNa satya kA sAkSAtkAra sarvajJa ko hI ho sakatA hai aura usI kA jJAna pUrNa satya kahA jA sakatA hai. jJAna ke bheda jJAna ke 5 bheda haiM. (1) mati-iMdriya aura mana se hone vAlA jJAna. (2) zruta-zAstroM se hone vAlA jJAna. (3) avadhi-dUravartI tathA vyavadhAna vAle padArthoM kA jJAna, jo viziSTa yogiyoM ko hotA hai. isake dvArA yogI kevala rUpa vAle padArthoM ko hI dekha sakatA hai. (4) manaHparyaya-dUsare ke manobhAvoM kA prayatna. (5) kevalajJAna--sarvajJoM kA jJAna, jisake dvArA ve vizva ke samasta padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAnate haiM. prAcIna paraMparA meM inameM se prathama do ko parokSa mAnA gayA aura aMtima tIna ko pratyakSa. kAlAMtara meM anyadarzanoM ke samAna indriya se hone vAle jJAna ko bhI pratyakSa meM sammilita kara liyA gayA. akalaMka ne isa bAta ko lakSya meM rakhakara pratyakSa ke do bheda kara diye. sAMvyavahArika aura pAramAthika. indriya tathA mana se hone vAle pratyakSa ko prathama koTi meM le liyA aura avadhi Adi tIna jJAnoM ko dvitIya koTi meM. FG Jain Edulation Intematonal jainelibrary.org
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 360 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : dvitIya adhyAya jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA kamare meM baiThe hue vyakti ke samAna hai aura mana tathA indriyA~ khir3akI ke samAna. unakA kAma itanA hI hai ki thor3I dera ke lie jJAtA aura jJeya ke bIca par3e hue AvaraNa yA pardai ko haTA deM. jAnane kA kAma AtmA svayaM karatA hai. isI dRSTi ko sAmane rakhakara prAcIna AgamoM meM pratyakSa aura parokSa kA bheda nahIM kiyA gayA. sarvaprathama yaha bheda umAsvAti ne kiyA. usakA AdhAra thA ki jisa jJAna meM indriya, mana yA zabda Adi kI sahAyatA hotI hai vaha parokSa hai aura jahA~ usa sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai vaha pratyakSa hai. anya darzanoM ke sAtha saMparka hone para indriyajJAna ko bhI sAdhAraNa vyavahAra kI dRSTi se pratyakSa mAna liyA gayA. pratyakSa kA krama jaba hama kisI vastu ko dekhate haiM to ekadama aMtima nirNaya para nahIM pahuMcate. pahale sAmAnya jJAna hotA hai, dhIre dhIre vizeSatA kI ora bar3hate haiM. jaba kisI dUra kI vastu ko dekhate haiM to yaha krama spaSTa pratIta hotA hai, kintu paricita evaM nikaTastha vastu kA jJAna zIghra ho jAtA hai. spardhatayA mAlUma na par3ane para bhI bahAM isa krama kA abhAva nahIM hotA. jainadarzana meM isa krama kI pAMca avasthAeM batAI gaI haiM. (1) darzana-sAmAnyajJAna, jahAM kevala itanA hI bhAna hotA hai ki kucha hai. (2) avagraha-indriya ke dvArA vastu kA grahaNa. isakI bhI do avasthAeM haiM. 1 vyaMjanAvagraha aura arthAvagraha. vyaMjanAvagraha kA artha hai indriya aura padArtha kA paraspara sambandha. yaha kevala cAra indriyoM meM hotA hai. mana aura cakSurindriya se hone vAle jJAna meM nahIM hotA. dUsarA arthAvagraha hai-isakA artha hai vastu kA pratibhAsa. (3) IhA--vizeSa jAnane kI icchA . (4) avAya-vizeSa kA nizcaya. (5) dhAraNA-jJAna kA saMskAra ke rUpa meM pariNata honA, jisase kAlAntara meM smaraNa ho sake. ina avasthAoM meM prathama darzana nirAkAra hone ke kAraNa jJAna koTi meM nahIM AtA. zeSa cAra matijJAna kI avasthAeM haiM. parokSa ke bheda parokSa kA nirUpaNa mukhyatayA tarkayuga kI dena hai. isake 5 bheda haiM. (1) smRti-pUrvAnubhUta vastu kA smaraNa. nyAyadarzana ise pramANa koTi meM nahIM rakhatA. (2) pratyabhijJAna-isakA zabdArtha hai pahicAna. pUrvAnubhUta vastu ko punaH dekhane para hameM yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha vahI hai, ise ekatva pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM. kabhI tatsadRza dUsarI vastu ko dekhakara yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha usake sadRza hai. bhinna vastu ko dekha kara yaha jJAna hotA hai ki yaha usase bhinna hai. isa prakAra pUrvAnubhUta aura pratyakSa tulanA kA saMkalana karane vAle sabhI jJAna pratyabhijJAna haiM. vaidika darzanoM meM isakA pratipAdana upamAna ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. (3) tarka-dhuoM agni kA kArya hai aura agni dhueM kA kAraNa. kArya, kAraNa ke vinA nahIM hotA. isI prakAra jahAM Ama hogA vahAM vRkSa avazya hogA, kyoMki Ama vRkSa kI avAMtara jAti arthAt vyApya hai. isa prakAra kArya-kAraNa bhAva, vyapya-vyApakabhAva Adi sambandhoM ke AdhAra para yaha nizcaya karanA ki eka vastu dUsarI vastu ke hone para hI ho sakatI haiM, tarka hai. ise vyAptijJAna bhI kahA jAtA hai. (4) anumAna-tarka ke AdhAra para sthAna vizeSa meM eka vastu ko dekhakara dUsarI vastu kI sattA yA abhAva siddha karanA anumAna hai. isakA nirUpaNa nyAyadarzana meM kiyA gayA hai. yahAM itanA hI batA denA paryApta hai ki jainadarzana hetu aura sAdhya ke paraspara sambandha ke liye itanA hI Avazyaka mAnatA hai ki sAdhya ke vinA hetu nahIM rahanA cAhie. bauddhoM ke samAna use kArya tathA svabhAva taka sImita nahIM karatA. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM janadarzana kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai usI prakAra kAraNa se kArya kA bhI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai. hama RECE Jain Canolianimoon ne & Personal use only
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Jain E indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 3.61 Aga dekha kara yaha anumAna kara sakate haiM ki vahAM uSNatA hogI. itanA hI nahIM, Aja ravivAra hai to yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki dUsare dina somavAra hogA. kyoMki somavAra ravivAra kA uttaracara hai. isa prakAra hetu ke pUrvacara sahacara Adi aneka rUpa ho sakate haiM (5) zrAgama- -Apta arthAt vizvasanIya puruSa ke vacana ko Agama kahA jAtA hai. isake do bheda haiM. mAtA, pitA, gurujana Adi laukika Apta haiM. isa sambandha meM darzanakAroM kA matabheda nahIM hai. kintu alaukika Apta ke viSaya meM paryApta matabheda haiM. mImAMsAdarzana kA kathana hai ki zabda meM doSa tabhI AtA hai jaba usake vaktA meM koI doSa ho. veda zranAdi haiM, unakA koI vaktA nahIM hai ataH ve doSarahita haiM. nyAya tathA vedAnta kA kathana hai ki vaktA meM do guNa hone cAhie. vaha nirdoSa ho aura sAtha hI apane viSaya kA pUrNa jJAtA ho. unake mata meM veda Izvara ke banAye huye haiM. usameM koI doSa nahIM hai. sAtha hI usakA jJAna paripUrNa hai. jainadarzana Izvara ko nahIM mAnatA. usakI mAnyatA hai ki pratyeka vyakti sAdhanA dvArA AtmA kA pUrNa vikAsa kara sakatA hai. usa avasthA meM vaha vItarAga aura sarvajJa ho jAtA hai. Agama usakI vANI hai, ata: pramANa hai. jaina paramparA kI mAnyatA hai ki sarvajJa tathA sarvadarzI tIrthaMkara upadeza dete haiM. unakI graMtha ke rUpa meM racanA gaNavaroM arthAt mukhya ziSyoM dvArA kI jAtI hai. unake pazcAt jJAnasampanna anya muniyoM dvArA race gaye graMtha bhI AgamoM meM sammilita kara liye gaye. zvetAmbara matAnusAra yaha krama bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pazcAt 1000 varSa arthAt cauthI IsvI taka calatA rahA. ve apane AgamoM ko bAraha aMga, bAraha upAMga, chaha mUla, chaha cheda tathA dasa prakIrNakoM meM vibhakta karate haiM. inameM se dRSTivAda kA lopa ho gayA. zeSa 45 Agama vidyamAna haiM. digambaroM kA mata hai ki aMga upAMgAdi sabhI Agama lupta ho gaye. ve SaTkhaMDAgama aura kaSAyaprAbhRta ko mUla Agama ke rUpa meM mAnate haiM. ye graMtha mahAvIra ke 400 varSa pazcAt race gaye. inake atirikta kuMdakuMda, umAsvAmI, nemicaMda siddhAntacakravartI Adi AcAryoM kI racanA ko bhI AgamoM ke samAna pramANa mAnA jAtA hai. jainadarzana meM jJAna ke jo bheda kiye gaye haiM, unhIM ko pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai. aura yaha batAyA gayA hai| ki jJAna vastu ke samAna apane Apa ko bhI grahaNa karatA hai. arthAt eka jJAna ko jAnane ke lie dUsare jJAna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI. sAta naya vyakti apane vicAroM ko prakaTa karate samaya nijI mAnyatAoM ko sAmane rakhatA hai. eka hI strI ko eka vyakti mAtA kahatA hai, dUsarA bahina, tIsarA putrI aura cauthA patnI. isI prakAra vibhinna paristhitiyoM meM bhI eka hI vyakti ko bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai. eka hI vyakti parivAra kI gaNanA karate samaya rAma yA kRSNa ke rUpa meM kahA jAtA hai. jAtiyoM kI gaNanA ke samaya brAhmaNa yA kSatriya, vyavasAya kI gaNanA ke samaya adhyApaka yA vyApArI isa prakAra aneka abhivyakti kI dRSTiyAM haiM. una saba ko naya kahA jAtA hai. jainadarzana meM unakA sthUla vibhAjana 7 nayoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. inameM mukhya dRSTi vistAra se saMkSepa kI ora hai arthAt eka hI zabda kisa prakAra vistRta artha kA pratipAdana hone para bhI uttarottara saMkucita hotA calA jAtA hai yaha prakaTa kiyA gayA hai. naigamanaya -- isakI vyutpatti kI jAtI hai 'neka gamo naigamaH' arthAt jahAM aneka prakAra kI dRSTiyAM hoM. yaha naya vAstavikatA ke sAtha upacAra ko bhI grahaNa kara letA hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM hama tAMgevAle ko tAMgA kahakara pukArane lagate haiM. krodhI ko Aga tathA vIra puruSa ko zera kahane lagate haiM. isa upacAra kA AdhAra kahIM guNa hotA hai, kahIM sAdRzya aura kahIM kisI prakAra kA saMbaMdha. jaise tAMge aura tAMge ke mAlika meM sva-svAmibhAva saMbaMdha hai. isa naya kA kSetra adhika vistRta hai. saMgrahanaya isa kA artha hai sAmagrI dRSTi arthAt adhikAdhika vastuoM ko sammilita karane kI bhAvanA isake do bheda haiM parasaMgraha aura aparasaMgraha. parasaMgraha meM sabhI padArtha A jAte haiM. isake dyotaka haiM sat, jJeya, Adi zabda apara act rouxedorary.org
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 362 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya saMgraha kA kSetra apekSAkRta nyUnAdhika hotA hai. jaise manuSyatva kA kSetra brAhmatva kI apekSA vistRta hai aura jIvatva kI apekSA saMkucita. vyavahAra naya--sAdhAraNa vyavahAra ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA bheda isa naya ko prakaTa karatA hai. jaise manuSya kA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya Adi jAtiyoM meM vibhAjana karanA. saMgraha meM dRSTi abheda kI ora jAtI hai aura yahAM bheda kI ora. RjusUtranaya-Rju arthAt vartamAna avasthA ko lekara calane vAlA naya. RjusUtra kI dRSTi meM jisa vyakti kA mukhya vyavasAya adhyApana hai use adhyApaka kahA jA sakatA hai. jisa samaya vaha so rahA hai yA bhojana kara rahA hai usa samaya bhI adhyApaka hai. zabdanaya-RjusUtra kevala vartamAnakAla para dRSTi rakhatA hai. zabdanaya liMga, kAraka, saMkhyA Adi kA bheda hone para vastu meM paraspara bheda mAnatA hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM nagara aura purI zabda ko liyA jA sakatA he. zabda naya kI dRSTi se donoM meM paraspara bheda hai. samabhirUr3hanaya-yaha naya samAnArthaka zabdoM ko svIkAra nahIM karatA arthAt jahAM eka hI artha ko prakaTa karane vAle kaI zabda haiM unake artha meM bhI bheda mAnatA hai. evaMbhUtanaya-isa naya kI dRSTi kriyA para rahatI hai. vyakti vizeSa ko adhyApaka tabhI kahA jAyagA jaba vaha adhyApana kara rahA hai, sote yA bhojana karate samaya nahIM. hamArA sAdhAraNa vyavahAra RjusUtra naya ko lekara calatA hai. 7 meM se prathama 3 arthanaya mAne jAte haiM aura aMtima 4 zabda naya. nayoM kA vibhAjana dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika ke rUpa meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai. dravyAthika meM mukhya dRSTi abheda kI ora rahatI hai aura paryAyAthika meM bheda kI ora. prathama cAra naya dravyAthika mAne jAte haiM aura antima 3 paryAyAthika. cAra nikSepa nikSepa zabda kA artha hai rakhanA yA vibhAjana karanA. zabda kA artha karate samaya vibhAjana kI cAra dRSTiyAM haiM aura hameM yaha socakara calanA par3atA hai ki prastuta prasaMga meM kisa dRSTi ko liyA jA rahA hai ? / (1) nAma nikSepa-hama kisI vyakti kA nAma rAjA rakha lete haiM. bhikhArI hone para bhI vaha rAjA kahA jAtA hai aura isa kathana ko asatya nahIM mAnA jAtA. yaha nAma nikSepa arthAt nAma kI dRSTi se zabda kA prayoga hai. (2) sthApanA nikSepa-hama maMdira meM rakhI huI mUrti ko bhagavAn kahate haiM. zataraMja ke moharoM ko hAthI ghor3e kahate haiM. yaha saba sthApanA nikSepa hai. arthAt vahAM unheM usa rUpa meM mAna liyA jAtA hai. nAma nikSepa meM kevala usa nAma se pukArA jotA hai, vaisA vyavahAra nahIM kiyA jAtA. sthApanA nikSepa meM pukArane ke sAtha vyavahAra bhI hotA hai. pratIkavAda sthApanA nikSepa kA eka rUpa hai. (3) dravya nikSepa-bhAvI yA bhUta paryAya kI dRSTi se kisI vastu ko usa nAma se pukAranA. jaise yuvarAja ko rAjA kahanA yA bhUtapUrva adhikArI ko usa pada ke nAma se pukAranA. (4) bhAvanikSepa--guNa yA vartamAna avasthA ke AdhAra para vastu ko usa nAma se pukAranA. jaise siMhAsana para baiThe hue vyakti ko rAjA kahanA yA padAdhikArI ko usake kArya kAla meM usa nAma se pukAranA. tattvamImAMsA hanadarzana ziva ko prayAsamA caratvoM kalmAyaka sikAyata karatA hai| mapra bibhAjana aura jAda aura apavitra kastA jainadarzana vizva ko 6 dravya yA 7 tattvoM ke rUpa meM vibhakta karatA hai. prathama vibhAjana jJeya jagat ko upasthita karatA hai aura dvitIya meM mukhya dRSTi AcAra yA AtmavikAsa kI hai. 7 tattvoM meM prathama do arthAt jIva aura ajIva dravyarUpa Jain ugron In tional ate Personal www.rinetary.org
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 363 haiM aura zeSa 5 jIva kI AdhyAtmika avasthAoM se sambandha rakhate haiM. unakA nirUpaNa AcAramImAMsA meM kiyA jAyagA. yahAM 6 dravyoM ke rUpa meM jIva aura ajIva tattva kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai. 0-0-0--0--0--0--0--6--0--0 chaha dravya dravya kA lakSaNa hai vaha padArtha jisameM guNa aura paryAya vidyamAna hoM. jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka dravya meM aneka guNa hote haiM aura vaha pratikSaNa badalatA rahatA hai. bauddhadarzana kevala guNa aura paryAya arthAt avasthAoM ko mAnatA hai. unake AdhAra ke rUpa meM kisI pRthak sattA ko nahIM mAnatA. dUsarI ora advaita vedAMta AdhArabhUta sattA ko vAstavika mAnatA hai aura usameM dikhAI dene vAle guNa evaM avasthAoM ko kalpita. jainadarzana donoM ko vAstavika mAnatA hai. 6 dravya nimnalikhita haiM. (1) jIvAstikAya (2) pudgalAstikAya (3) dharmAstikAya (4) adharmAstikAya (5) AkAzAstikAya aura (6) kAla. astikAya zabda kA artha hai paramANu, pradeza, yA avayavoM kA eka piNDa hokara rahanA. jIva, pudgalAdi meM ve eka sAtha rahate haiM. kintu kAla ke aMza eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate. vahAM eka ke naSTa hone para hI dUsarA astitva meM AtA hai. isalie use astikAya nahIM kahA gayA. (1) jIvAstikAya-jIva kA artha hai cetana yA AtmA. jainadarzana meM isakA svarUpa anaMta catuSTaya arthAt anaMta jJAna, anaMta darzana, anaMta sukha aura anaMta vIrya ke rUpa meM kiyA jAtA hai. sAtha hI vaha amUttika hai arthAt usameM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza nahIM hai. pratyeka zarIra meM pRthak-pRthak AtmA hai aura vaha jisa zarIra meM praveza karatA hai utanA hI bar3A AkAra le letA hai. cIMTI ke zarIra meM cIMTI jitanA AtmA hai aura hAthI ke zarIra meM hAthI jitanA. isa prakAra usameM saMkoca aura vistAra hote rahate haiM. pratyeka jIva apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA hai arthAt vaha kArya karane meM svatantra hai aura tadanusAra phala bhogatA hai. kArya aura phalabhoga kA svAbhAvika niyama hai. usa para kisI atIndriya zakti kA niyaMtraNa nahIM hai. udAharaNa ke rUpa meM yadi koI AMkhoM para paTTI bAMdha kara kueM kI ora bar3hegA to usameM gira jAegA. use girAne vAlI koI ucca sattA nahIM hai, vaha svayaM apane Apako girAtA hai. sAtha hI yaha bhI nizcita hai ki kArya karane para phala avazya bhoganA hogA. yaha kArya-kAraNa kA svAbhAvika niyama hai. bhUla na karane para yadi hama bhojana karate haiM to ajIrNa ho jAtA hai. peTa dukhane lagatA hai. isa ajIrNa aura udarazUla ke lie kisI bAhya sattA ko niyAmaka mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. usake liye hama svayaM uttaradAyI haiM. sAMkhya aura vedAMtadarzana meM bhI puruSa athavA brahma ko cit svarUpa mAnA gayA hai. kintu vahAM cetanA kA artha zuddha caitanya hai arthAt usameM viSaya kA bhAna nahIM rahatA. yaha bhAna prakRti yA mAyA ke kAraNa hotA hai. mukta avasthA meM vaha nahIM rahatA. kintu jainadarzana meM jJAna aura darzana arthAt nirAkAra aura sAkAra donoM prakAra kI cetanA jIva kA svAbhAvika guNa hai. isI ko upayoga kahate haiM. jo jIva kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai. arthAt bAhya jagat ko sAmAnya tathA vizeSa donoM rUpoM meM jAnanA jIva kA svabhAva hai aura vaha mukta avasthA meM bhI banA rahatA hai. isI tathya ke kAraNa ina paramparAoM meM kaivalya zabda kA artha bhinna-bhinna ho gayA hai. sAMkhyadarzana meM kaivalya kA artha hai prakRti ke samparka se rahita zuddha cetanA. janadarzana meM usakA artha hai sarvajJatA arthAt bAhya tathA Abhyantara samasta jagat kI anubhUti. (2) pudgalAstikAya-sAMkhyadarzana meM jo sthAna prakRti kA hai vahI jainadarzana meM pudgala kA hai. jIva ke saMsAra meM bhramaNa aura sukha duHkha bhoga kA sArA kArya pudgala dvArA saMpAdita hotA hai. kintu sAMkhyadarzana ke samAna yahAM isakA vikAsa buddhi ke rUpa meM nahIM hotA. jainadarzana ke anusAra vaha cetanA kA guNa hai aura usI ke samAna anAdi tathA ananta hai. nyAyadarzana meM pRthvI Adi cAra bhUtoM ke paramANu bhI bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke mAne gaye haiM. jala ke paramANuoM meM gaMdha nahIM hotI, agni ke paramANuoM meM gaMdha aura rasa nahIM hote tathA vAyu ke paramANuoM meM kevala sparza hI hotA hai, kintu jainadarzana pRthvI Adi ke paramANuoM meM maulika bheda nahIM mAnatA. sabhI meM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha tathA sparza cAroM guNa ANTARVARANE JainEducaptaane
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 0-0--0-0 364 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya rahate haiM. pudgala ke do rUpa haiM paramANu aura skaMdha arthAt avayavI. dRzyamAna samasta jagat pudgala paramANuoM kA saMghaTana yA racanA vizeSa hai. nyAyadarzana ke anusAra paramANu meM rahane vAle rUpa, rasa Adi guNa nitya haiM, unameM parivartana nahIM hotA. sthUla vastu meM jaba parivartana hotA hai to paramANu hI badala jAte haiM, unake guNa nahIM badalate. ghar3A pakane para jaba miTTI apanA raMga chor3akara nayA raMga letI hai to miTTI ke raMga vAle paramANu bikhara jAte haiM aura usakA sthAna lAla raMga ke 'paramANu le lete haiM. kintu jainadarzana aisA nahIM mAnatA. vahAM paramANu vahI rahate haiM kintu unake rUpa, rasa Adi guNa badala jAte haiM. ATha varganAyeM jainadarzana meM pudgala kA vibhAjana ATha vargaNAoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai. vargaNA kA artha hai vibhinna prakAra ke varga yA zreNiyAM. yaha vibhAjana unake dvArA hone vAle sthUla padArthoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai. (1) zradArika vargaNA - sthUla zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. jainadarzana ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu tathA vanaspatiyoM meM bhI jIva haiM. inake rUpa meM pratIta hone vAle sthUla padArtha una jIvoM kA zarIra hai. yaha zarIra kahIM sajIva dikhAI detA hai aura kahIM nirjIva. ise audArika zarIra mAnA jAtA hai. isI prakAra pazu-pakSI tathA manuSyoM kA zarIra bhI audArika hai. (2) vaikriyaka vargaNA - devatA tathA nArakI jIvoM ke zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu- yogI apanI yogazakti ke dvArA jisa zarIra kI racanA karate haiM vaha bhI ina paramANuoM se banatA hai. (3) AhAraka vargaNA vicAroM kA saMkramaNa karane vAle zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu ( 4 ) bhASA vargaNA - vANI ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (5) manovargaNA - manobhAvoM ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (6) zvAsocchravAsa vargaNA - prANavAyu ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu. (7) tejasa vargaNA - tejasa nAmaka sUkSma zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala paramANu. (8) kArmANa vargaNA - kArmANa yA liMga zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle paramANu kArmANa zarIra kA artha hai AtmA ke sAtha lage hue karmapudgala. ye hI jIva ko vividha yoniyoM meM le jAkara sthUla zarIra ke sAtha saMbandha jor3ate haiM aura sukha duHkha kA bhoga karAte haiM. sAMkhyadarzana meM jo sthAna liMga zarIra kA hai vahI jainadarzana meM kArmANa zarIra kA hai aura vahA~ jo sUkSma zarIra kA hai yahA~ vahI tejasa zarIra kA marane para jIva sthUla zarIra ko chor3a detA hai, tejasa aura kArmANa usake sAtha jAte haiM. 4 ATha vargaNAoM meM se vaikriyaka aura AhAraka kA devatA, nArakI yA yogiyoM ke sAtha saMbandha hai. zeSa 6 hamAre vyaktitva kA nirmANa karatI haiM. (3-4) dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya - dharma dravya jIva tathA pudgala kI gati meM sahAyaka hai aura adharma sthiti meM. vartamAna vijJAna vidyut zakti ke do rUpa mAnatA hai. pana (Positive) aura RNa ( Negative) dharma aura apane vahI kArya karate haiM. ( 5-6 ) AkAzAstikAya aura kAlalAtA hai. kucha AcAryoM kA mata hai ki kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai. vartamAna vijJAna kI dRSTi se hama ina dravyoM ko nIce likhe anusAra vibhakta kara sakate haiM : -AkAza jIva aura pudgala ko sthAna pradAna karatA hai aura kAla unameM parivartana parivartana jIva aura pudgala kA svabhAva hai, ataH usake lie alaga dravya mAnane www.jaihelibrary.org
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ indracandra zAstrI : jainadarzana : 365 jIna (Mind) pudgala (Matter) dharma ( positive Energy ) adharma ( Negative Energy) AkAza (Space) kAla ( Time ) pracAra mImAMsA Upara batAyA gayA thA ki jainadharma meM 7 tattva mAne gaye haiM. unameM se prathama 2 arthAt jIva aura ajIva vizva ke svarUpa ko batAte haiM. zeSa 5 kA saMbaMdha AcAra arthAt AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sAtha hai. jaina darzana bhI mokSa ko jIvana kA carama lakSya mAnatA hai. isakA artha hai AtmA ke svarUpa kA pUrNavikAsa. pratyeka jIva apane Apa meM anaMta catuSTaya rUpa hai. anaMtajJAna, anaMtadarzana, anaMtasukha aura anaMtavIrya usakA svabhAva hai. kintu yaha svabhAva bAhya prabhAva ke kAraNa dabA huA hai. isa prabhAva ko karma kahate haiM. karmoM kA bandha jina kAraNoM se hotA hai unheM Azrava kahate haiM. isa bandha kA ruka jAnA saMvara hai aura saMcita karmoM kA nAza nirjarA hai. jaina AcAra ina 5 tatvoM para vikasita huA hai. aba hama inakA vivecana kareMge. zrAva -- karmabandha ke kAraNoM ko Asrava kahate haiM. isake 5 bheda haiM. (1) mithyAtva - viparIta zraddhA. tAtvika dRSTi se isakA artha hai satya ko chor3akara asatya ko pakar3e rahanA. isI prakAra kudeva kuguru yA kudharma ko mAnanA bhI mithyAtva hai. (2) zravirati- pApa karmoM se nivRtta na honA. pApAcaraNa na karane para bhI jaba taka sAdhaka usase alaga rahane kI pratijJA nahIM karatA, jaba taka mana meM DA~vADola hai taba taka avirata kahA jAtA hai. (3) pramAda- - Alasya yA akarmaNyatA, jo jIvana meM anuzAsana nahIM rahane detI. aMgIkAra kie hue vrata meM kisI prakAra kI bhUla-cUka honA bhI pramAda hai. ( 4 ) kaSAya-- krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha. (1) yoga- mana, vacana aura kAyA kI azubha pravRttiyA~. Asrava kA zabdArtha hai Ane kA mArga. AtmA apane Apa meM hai aura vaha malIna ho jAtA hai. karma eka prakAra kA jar3a detA hai. zuddha hai. ina 5 kAraNoM se karma paramANuoM kA bandha hotA padArtha hai jo AtmA ke sAtha milakara use malina kara baMdha - bandha kA artha hai karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha cipakanA aura zubhAzubha phala dene kI zakti prApta karanA. isake cAra bheda haiM. ( 1 ) prakRti baMdha --- AtmA ke sAtha jo karma-pula bandhate haiM ve ATha prakAra ke haiM. unameM se cAra AtmA ke anaMta catuSTaya ko AcchAdita karate haiM. zeSa yoni vizeSa meM janma, zArIrika saMgaThana, tathA Ayu Adi kA nirmANa karate haiM. prathama prakAra ke karma Atma-guNoM kA ghAta karane ke kAraNa ghAti kahe jAte haiM aura zeSa cAra aghAti. ghAti karma nIce likhe anusAra haiM (1) jJAnAvaraNa- - jJAna ko DhaMkane vAlA. (2) darzanAvaraNa-darzana ko DhaMkane vAlA. (3) mohanIya - AtmA ko viparIta dazA meM le jAne vAlA. vedAnta tathA yogadarzana meM avidyA kA tathA bauddhadarzana meM tRSNA kA jo sthAna hai vahI jainadarzana meM mohanIya karma kA hai. ( 4 ) aMtarAya - Atmazakti ko kuMThita karane vAlA. 4 aghAti karma nimna prakAra haiM. (ka) vedanIya - zArIrika sukha duHkha utpanna karane vAlA. (kha) nAma karma - ucca nIca gatiyoM meM le jAne, zarIra racanA karane evaM anya anukUla tathA pratikUla sAmagrI upasthita karane vAlA.
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Jain [0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0--0--0 366 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya (ga) AyuSya - vibhinna gatiyoM meM alpa yA dIrgha jIvana pradAna karane vAlA. (gha) gotra - ucca yA nIca kula meM utpanna karane vAlA. (2) pradezabaMdha - pratyeka karma ke pradeza arthAt paramANu. (3) sthitibaMdha - pratyeka karma kI AtmA ke sAtha rahane aura phala dene ko kAla maryAdA. (4) anubhAgabaMdha-yUnAdhika phala dene kI zakti. AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sAtha mukhya sambandha mohanIya kA karma hai. isake do bheda haiM. (1) darzana mohanIya aura (2) cAritra mohanIya. darzana mohanIya kA artha hai mithyAtva yA dRSTi kA viparIta honA cAritra mohanIya kA artha hai mAna mAyA aura lobha Adi durbalatAyeM jo hamAre cAritra ko panapate nahIM detIM. utkaTatA kI dRSTi se isakI cAra zreNiyAM haiM, jinheM lAMghate hue sAdhaka vikAsa kI uttarottara ucca avasthAoM ko prApta karatA hai. prathama zreNI anaMtAnubaMdhI hai. jisake mithyAtva mohanIya tathA isakA udaya rahatA hai vaha zraddhA tathA cAritra donoM se girA huA hotA hai aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA adhikArI nahIM hai. dUsarI koTi apratyAkhyAna kI hai. isake udaya vAlA samyagdRSTi to ho sakatA hai kintu AMzika yA pUrNa kisI bhI rUpa meM vrata grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA. tIsarI koTi pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa hai. isakA udaya hone para pUrNa yA mahAvratoM kA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA. cauthI koTi saMjvalana hai. isake udaya vAlA mahAvrata to aMgIkAra kara sakatA hai kintu sUkSma doSa lagate rahate haiM. isakA nAza hone para kaivalya yA AtmA kI zuddha avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai. saMvara- isakA artha hai Asrava arthAt karmabaMdha ke kAraNoM ko rokanA mithyAtva ko rokanA arthAt sudeva, suguru aura sudharma meM vizvAsa karanA samyadarzana hai. tatvArtha sUtra meM ise tatvArthazraddhAna ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai. isakA artha hai jaina darzana dvArA pratipAdita 7 tattva aura 6 dravyoM meM vizvAsa aviratirUpa Asrava ko rokane kI 2 koTiyAM haiM. prathama koTi zrAvaka kI hai. vaha ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM kA AMzika rUpa meM pAlana karatA hai. ise dezavirati bhI kahA jAtA hai. dUsarI koTi sarvavirati yA muni kI hai. vaha mahAvratoM kA pUrNatayA pAlana karatA hai. inake pAlana ke lie samiti, gupti, parISahajaya, anuprekSAe~ Adi aneka bAtoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai. Asrava ke aMtima tIna dvAroM kA nirodha inhIM meM A jAtA hai. nirjarA - nirjarA zabda kA artha hai saMcita karmoM kA nAza. isake lie 12 prakAra ke tapa batAye gaye haiM. unameM se 6 bAhya haiM aura 6 AbhyaMtara. bAhyatapa kA sambandha mukhyatayA zArIrika anuzAsana se hai aura AbhyaMtara tapa kA manonigraha se. mokSa -- isakA nirUpaNa pahale kiyA jA cukA hai. 14 guNasthAna - jainadharma meM AdhyAtmika utthAna kI bhUmikAoM ko 14 guNasthAnoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai. prathama arthAt mithyAtva guNasthAna avikasita avasthA ko prakaTa karatA hai. dvitIya se lekara 12veM taka vikAsa kI vividha avasthAoM ko, terahavAM aura caudahavAM pUrNatayA vikasita avasthA ko vikAsa yA uccatara bhUmikAoM ko prApta karane ke do mArga haiM- upazamazreNi arthAt vikAroM ko dabAte hue Age bar3hanA. vahAM doSa saMskAra ke rUpa meM vidyamAna rahate haiM aura avasara pAkara ubhara jAte haiM. pariNAma svarUpa sAdhaka nIce gira jAtA hai. dUsarA mArga kSapaka zreNi hai. isameM sAdhaka vikAroM kA nAza karatA huA Age bar3hatA hai. usake patana kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI. dvitIya guNasthAna patanakAla meM prApta hotA hai. yaha mithyAtva prApta karane se pahale kI avasthA hai. usa samaya saMskAra ke rUpa meM samyagdarzana kA kSINa prabhAva banA rahatA hai. tRtIya guNasthAna DAMvADola mana vAle mizradRSTi jIva kA hai. jahAM kabhI samyaktva kI ora jhukAva hotA hai aura kabhI mithyAtva kI ora. yogadarzana kI dRSTi se prathama guNasthAna kokSipta aura mUDhabhUmikA kahA jA sakatA hai tathA tRtIya guNasthAna ko vikSipta bhUmikA caturtha guNasthAna samyagdRSTi jIva kA hai, jo zraddhA ThIka hone para bhI vratoM ko aMgIkAra nahIM kara pAtA. pAMcavAM dezavirati zrAvaka yA gRhastha kA Jaipalrary.org
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ indracandra zAstrI : jaina darzana 367 hai, unake jIvana meM pravRtti aura nivRtti kA samanvaya hotA hai. chaThe se lekara dasaveM taka pAMca guNasthAna nivRttipradhAna muni kI bhUmikAoM ko prakaTa karate haiM, jo kaSAyoM ko kSINa karatA huA uttarottara Upara car3hatA jAtA hai. 11 vAM upazAMta mohanIya hai. vahA~ mohanIya pUrNatayA daba jAtA hai kintu dUsare hI kSaNa usakA punaH ubhAra AtA hai aura sAdhaka nIce girane lagatA hai. 12 vA~ guNasthAna kSINa mohanIya hai, jo mohanIya karma ke pUrNatayA kSaya ho jAne para prApta hotA hai. tatpazcAt sAdhaka jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa tathA aMtarAya karma kA bhI kSaya kara DAlatA hai aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM pahuMca jAtA hai. usa samaya vaha tarAga aura sarvajJa kahA jAtA hai. kaSAyoM kA sarvathA nAza hone para bhI yoga arthAt mana vacana aura kAya kI halacala banI rahatI hai. caudahaveM guNasthAna meM vaha bhI ruka jAtI hai. 5 hrasva akSaroM ke uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai sAdhaka utanI hI dera jIvita rahatA hai aura zarIra kA parityAga karake mokSa prApta kara letA hai. -0-0-0-0--0--0--0-0--0-0 Jain Education Intemational