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________________ jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA DaoN. padamacanda muNota jaina AgamoM kI racanA ke saMbaMdha meM anekavidha prazna uThate haiN| inake racayitA kauna the ? racanA kaba huI ? kyA ye anAdi ananta haiM? ina praznoM ke saMbaMdha meM gaNitazAstra ke sevAnivRtta AcArya DaoN padamacanda jI muNota ne jainadarzana mAnya kAlacakra kA nirUpaNa karate hue tIrthaMkaroM kI mUla vANI ko AdhAra banAkara sUtrabaddha zAstra ko Agama kahA hai| yaha artha rUpa meM zAsvata evaM zabdarUpa meM navIna hote haiN| vartamAna meM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahavIra kI vANI ko AdhAra mAnakara grathita sUtra 'Agama' kI saMjJA prApta hai Alekha kI sAmagrI apane Apa meM jijJAsu pAThakoM ke liye mArgadarzaka hai| -sampAdaka jaina dharma-darzana va saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra vItarAga sarvajJa nIrthaMkaroM dvArA pratipAdita jaina vAGmaya hai| jaina vAGmaya se tAtparya samasta suttAgama, atthAgama evaM tadubhayAgama rUpa zAstroM se hai / sarvajJa arthAt sampUrNa rUpa se Atma darzana karane vAle hI vizva darzana kara sakate haiN| jo samagra ko jAnate haiM hI tattvajJAna kA yathArtha nirUpaNa kara sakate haiM, parama hitakara niHzreyasa kA yathArtha upadeza kara sakate haiN| unakI vANI meM vItarAgatA ke kAraNa doSa kI kiMcit mAtra bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI aura na usameM pUrvApara virodha yA yuktibAdha hI hotA hai| jaba tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ko kevalajJAna hotA hai arthAt ve sarvajJa, anantajJAna ke dhAraka ho jAte haiM, taba tIrthaMkara labdhi ke kAraNa ve sAdhu, sAdhvI zrAvaka zrAvikA rUpa cAra tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM / ina tIrthoM kI sthApanA tabhI hotI hai jaba indroM evaM devoM dvArA racita samavasaraNa meM karuNAsAgara tIrthaMkara prabhu jaga- kalyANArtha bhavabhayabhaMjana upadeza kI saritA bahAte haiN| usa samaya unake vacanAmRta kA pAna karake aneka bhavya prANI ina cAra tIrthoM meM sthita ho jAte haiN| prabhu apane upadeza meM do prakAra kA dharma batalAte haiM-- eka anagAra dharma va dUsarA AgAra dharma / anagAra dharma svIkArane vAle puruSa sAdhu kahalAte haiM aura strI sAdhvI kahalAtI haiN| isI prakAra aNuvrata svIkAra karane vAle puruSa zrAvaka evaM strI zrAvikA kahalAtI hai| isa prakAra cAra tIrtha kI sthApanA hotI hai| unameM se kucha paNDita apane gaNa (ziSya samudAya) ko sAtha lekara dIkSita hote haiM ve gaNadhara kahalAte haiN| unameM pUrvabhava ke saMskAra se gaNadhara labdhi prakaTa hotI hai / kahate haiM- atthaM bhAsai arahA / sutaM gaMthati gaNaharA NiuNaM | |- anuyogadvAra prabhu dvArA prasphuTita vANI arthAgama hai jo mukta sumanoM kI vRSTi ke samAna hotI hai| mahAn prajJAvAna gaNadhara use sUtra rUpa se gUMthakara vyavasthita Agama kA rUpa dete haiM, jo sUtrAgama kahalate haiN| gaNadharoM ke prathama ziSya kI
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________________ 46 jinavANI- jainAgama - sAhitya vizeSAGka racanAe~ 'anantarAgama' aura unake ziSya paramparA meM Age kI pIr3hI ke sthaviroM kI racanAe~ 'paramparAgama' kahI jAtI haiN| ye hI tadubhayAgama haiM, ye sabhI prabhu sarvajJa kI vANI kA upayoga karake hI racita hotI haiN| ye hI Agama zAstra kahalAte haiN| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki Agama utane hI prAcIna haiM jitane prAcIna tIrthaMkara haiN| tIrthaMkara anAdikAla se hote Aye haiM aura Age anantakAla taka hote rheNge| ataH Agama bhI anAdi pravAhayukta hai arthAt anAdi kAla se vidyamAna haiM aura bhaviSya meM anantakAla taka vidyamAna rheNge| tIrthakara paramparA kI zAzvatatA ke sAtha Agama kI zAzvatanA svayaM siddha hotI hai| tIrthakara ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta cAritra va ananta balavIrya ke dhAraka hote haiN| unake mukha se jo arthAgama vANI jana-kalyANArtha nikalatI hai vaha atyanta sarala evaM ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI hotI hai| unake atizaya ke kAraNa jo bhI usako sunatA hai usako lagatA hai ki vaha usakI bhASA meM hI kahI gaI hai aura vaha usake hRdaya ko sparza karatI hai| vaha use pUrNa rUpa se samajha jAtA hai| spaSTa hai ki sImita samaya meM jo prabhu bhASate haiM, vaha sAra rUpa hI hotA hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna kevala artha rUpa meM hI upadeza dete haiM aura gaNadhara use sUtrabaddha athavA granthabaddha karate haiM / arthAtmaka grantha ke praNetA tIrthaMkara hai| AcArya devavAcaka ne isIliye AgamoM ko tIrthaMkara praNIta kahA hai| prabuddha pAThakoM ko yaha smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki AgamasAhitya kI jo prAmANikatA hai usakA mUla kAraNa gaNadhara kRta hone se nahIM, kintu usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkara kI vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA ke kAraNa hai| gaNadhara kevala dvAdazAMgI kI racanA karate haiM, kintu aMgabAhya AgamoM kI racanA sthavira karate haiN| yaha sabhI jJAna guru-ziSya paramparA se unake zAsana meM sadaiva vidyamAna rahatA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se jo Agama-jJAnanidhi guru dvArA ziSya ko upadeza rUpa meM prApta hotI hai vahI AtmA kA kalyANa karane vAlI hotI hai| ziSya use smRti meM rakhane kA prayatna karatA hai| tIrthaMkara kina kSetroM meM aura kisa kAla meM hote haiM, yahA~ para ina bAtoM para kucha vicAra karate haiN| caudaha rAju loka meM tirachA loka ke 101 kSetroM meM manuSya kA honA mAnA jAtA hai| ye kSetra haiM- pA~ca bharata, pA~ca airAvata aura pA~ca mahAvideha kula 15 karmabhUmiyA~, 30 akarma bhUmiyA~ aura 56 antadvIpa haiN| inameM se 15 karmabhUmiyoM meM hI tIrthakara hote haiN| zeSa 30 akarmabhUmiyoM evaM 56 antadvIpoM meM tIrthaMkara nahIM hote| sabhI bharata evaM sabhI airAvata kSetra kAla cakra ke AdhIna haiN| kAlacakra nirantara ghUmatA rahatA hai| isake do bhAga haiM- eka avasarpiNI kAla aura dUsarA utsarpiNI kAla, jo eka ke bAda eka nirantara Ate rahate haiN| jaise ki apane bharata kSetra meM vartamAna meM avasarpiNI kAla cala
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________________ jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA rahA hai jisameM pudgaloM kI zakti nirantara ghaTatI jAtI hai / mAnava deha, jo ajIva pudgaloM se nirmita hai, kI avagAhanA, umra, zArIrika bala, smaraNa zakti Adi saba, jyoM jyoM yaha kAla bar3hatA hai, ghaTate jAte haiN| avasarpiNI kAla ke bIta jAne ke bAda tathA usake pUrva bhI utsarpiNI kAla hotA hai, jisameM ajIva pudgaloM kI zakti jaise jIvoM kI avagAhanA, AyuSya Adi saba bar3hate jAte haiN| eka avasarpiNI kAla aura eka utsarpiNI kAla mila kara eka kAlacakra banatA hai, jisakA pUrNa kAla 20 koTAkoTi sAgaropama hai, kyoMki pratyeka avasarpiNI aura pratyeka utsarpiNI 10 - 10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama ke hote haiN| pratyeka avasarpiNI aura pratyeka utsarpiNI 6 AroM meM vibhakta hote haiN| inake nAma evaM pratyeka kAla kA vivaraNa nimna sUci meM darzAyA gayA hai| prathama ArA dUsarA ArA tIsarA ArA cauthA ArA pA~cavA ArA chaThA ArA prathama ArA dUsarA ArA tIsarA ArA cauthA ArA pA~cavA ArA chaThA ArA suSama-- suSama suSama suSama - duSama duSama-- suSama duSama duSama- duSama kula avasarpiNI kAla meM sabhI bharata evaM sabhI airAvata kSetroM meM samasta 24 tIrthaMkara cauthe Are 'duSama- suSama' meM hI hote haiN| isa samaya duHkha adhika aura sukha kama hotA hai| duSama-duSama duSama duSama- suSama suSama-duSama avasarpiNI kAla suSama suSama- suSama kula 4 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 3 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 2 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 1 koTAkoTi sAgaropama meM 42 hajAra varSa kama 21 hajAra varSa 21 hajAra varSa 10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 21 hajAra varSa 1 koTAkoTi sAgaropama meM 42 hajAra varSa kama 2 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 3 koTAkoTi sAgaropaga 4 koTAkoTi sAgaropama 10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama utsarpiNI kAla meM bharata evaM airAvata kSetroM meM sabhI tIrthaMkara "duSama- suSama" nAma ke tIsare Are meM hI hote haiN| sabhI karmoM kA tapa Adi dvArA kSaya karane kA yahI zreSTha samaya hotA hai| utsarpiNI kAla 21 hajAra varSa
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________________ 148. ! . . . . . jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka mahAvideha kSetra meM to kAla sadaiva eka samAna "duSama-suSama' Are jaisA hI banA rahatA hai, ata: vahA~ tIrthakara sadaiva vidyamAna rahate haiM, unakA kabhI viccheda nahIM hotaa| ata: vahA~ Agama nirantara vidyamAna rahate haiN| bharata va airAvata meM aisA nahIM hai| yahA~ avasarpiNIkAla ke antima tIrthaMkara (AgamakAra) evaM Age Ane vAle utsarpiNI kAla ke prathama tIrthakara ke madhya kama se kama 84 hajAra varSa kA antarAla rahatA hai jabaki utsarpiNI kAla ke antima Agama praNetA evaM usase agale Ane vAle avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama Agama praNetA (tIrthakara) ke bIca 18 koTAkoTi sAgaropama kA antarAla ho jAtA hai| spaSTa hai ki mahAvideha kSetra kI apekSA se Agama binA kisI antarAla ke avyAbAdha, nirantara, zAzvata anAdi ananta hai| AcArya malayagiri ke abhimatAnusAra gaNadhara tIrthakara ke sanmukha yaha jijJAsA vyakta karate haiM ki tattva kyA hai? taba uttara meM unakI jijJAsA nivAraNArtha tIrthakara "uppannei vA, vigamei vA dhuvei vA'' isa tripadI kA pravacana karate haiN| tripadI ke AdhAra para hI gaNadhara ko 14 pUrvo kA jJAna unake pUrvabhava ke saMskAra evaM gaNadhara labdhi ke kAraNa turanta ho jAtA hai| ina pUrvo ke jJAna se hI prabhu kI artharUpa vANI ko ve sUtrabaddha kara jina AgamoM kI racanA karate haiM, jo aMga praviSTa ke rUpa meM vizruta hote haiN| aMga praviSTa Agama gaNadhara kRta haiN| zruta Agama ke do bheda haiM 1. aMga praviSTa aura 2. aMga baahy| jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya para cintana karate hue likhA hai ki aMga praviSTa zruta vaha hai jo gaNadharoM dvArA sUtra rUpa meM banAyA gayA ho, gaNadharoM ke dvArA jijJAsA prastuta karane para tIrthakara ke dvArA samAdhAna kiyA huA ho| aMga bAhya zruta vaha hai jo sthavira kRta ho| gaNadhara therakayaM vA AesA makka vAgaraNAo vaa| dhuva cala visesao vA aMgANaMgesu nANattaM ||-vishessaanshyk bhASya, gAthA 252 sthavira ke caturdazapUrvI aura dazapUrvI ye do bheda kiye haiM, ve sUtra evaM artha kI dRSTi se aMga-sAhitya ke pUrNa jJAtA hote haiN| ve jo kucha bhI racanA karate haiM yA kahate haiM usameM kiMcit mAtra bhI virodha nahIM hotaa| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki gaNadharakRta aMgapraviSTa sAhitya meM dvAdazAMgI kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai jinake nAma haiM1. AcArAMga 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 4. samavAyAMga 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) 6. jJAtAdharmakathA 7. upAsakadazA 8. antakRtdazA 9. anuttaraupapAtika dazA 10. praznavyAkaraNa 11. vipAka sUtra 12. dRssttivaatt| digambara parAyarA kI dRSTi se aMga-sAhitya vinchin ho cukA hai,
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________________ jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA $49 kevala dRSTivAda kA kucha aMza avazeSa hai jo SaTkhaNDAgama ke rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai / parantu zvetAmbara paramparA kI dRSTi se kevala 14 pUrvI kA jJAna vicchinna huA hai jo dRSTivAda kA eka vibhAga thaa| pUrva sAhitya se niryUr3ha Agama Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM, jaise- AcAra cUlA, dazavaikAlika, nizItha, dazAzrutaskaMdha bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, uttarAdhyayana kA parISaha adhyayana Adi / vartamAna Agama sudharmA svAmI kI dena haiM / Agama jJAna to bahuta vistRta thA jo guru-ziSya paramparA se vicakSaNa smRti ke kAraNa calA A rahA thA | Agama vicchinna hone ke mUla kAraNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pazcAt hone vAle duSkAla smRti durbalatA, pAtratA kA abhAva, guruparamparA kA viccheda Adi haiN| kalpasUtra meM varNana AtA hai ki vIra nirvANa kI dasavIM zatAbdI meM inako likhakara sthAyI kiyA gyaa| vartamAna zAstra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda likhita rUpa meM lAye gaye, isase yaha kadApi na samajhA jAya ki Agama 1547 varSa purAne hI haiM? kalpasUtra meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ne eka dina auSadha rUpa sUMTha kA gAMThiyA baharA thaa| usameM se upayoga meM lene ke bAda jo aMza baca gayA use yA to paraThanA thA yA phira kalpAnusAra zrAvakajI ko lauTAnA thaa| usa dina ve usako apane kAna meM aTakA kara bhUla gaye / sAMyakAlIna pratikramaNa ke samaya jaba hAtha kisI kAraNavaza kAna para gayA to vaha sUMTha kA Tukar3A sAmane A girA, taba unake dimAga meM yaha vicAra koMdhA ki aba unakI smRti meM bhUla par3ane lagI hai| ataH Agama jJAna jo unako unake guru se prApta hai, smRti durbalatA se usameM bhI bhUla A sakatI hai| prabhu vANI meM spaSTa batAyA gayA hai ki jyoM-jyoM samaya bItatA jAyegA isa pAMcave Are 'duSama' meM mAnavoM kI smaraNazakti kama hotI jAyegI / ataH Age Ane vAlI pIr3hiyoM meM Agama jJAna smaraNazakti ke bala para surakSita nahIM raha pAyegA / usa samaya ke zramaNoM kA sammelana bulA kara yaha nirNaya liyA gayA ki AgamajJAna ko jisakI lekhanI sundara ho usase likhavA kara likhita rUpa meM surakSita kara rakhA jaay| isI kAraNa vIra nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda Agama likhe gaye jo ki pUrva meM to sAdhu samudAya ke mastiSka meM hI surakSita rahate the| ayogya to usako arjita karane kA soca bhI nahIM sakate the| aba to jisake bhI ye likhita zAstra hAtha par3a jAveM vahIM usako par3ha sakatA thA / yadi subuddhi na ho to kubuddhi se inakA durupayoga bhI kiyA jA sakatA thA / Agama ke laukika aura lokottara ye do bheTa kiye haiN| usameM rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata prabhRti graMthoM ko laukika Agama meM ginA hai| jabaki lAMga ethati bhAgamoM ko lokottara ArAma kahA gayA hai yAMsa
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________________ -- - 150... . .. ..jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AcArya malayagiri kA abhimata hai ki jisase padArthoM kI paripUrNatA ke sAtha maryAdita jJAna ho vaha 'Agama' hai| anya AcAryoM kA abhimata hai, jisase padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna ho vaha 'Agama' hai| jJAna kA lopa kisa prakAra huA isakI eka aitihAsika ghaTanA isa prakAra varNita hai| itihAsa meM AcArya bhadrabAhu va ziSya sthUlibhadra kA ullekha AtA hai| bhadrabAhu svAmI nepAla meM mahAprANa dhyAna kI sAdhanA meM rata the| ve caudaha pUrvadhArI the| usa samaya aura kisI ke pAsa 14 pUrvo kA jJAna nahIM thaa| unake devaloka hone ke sAtha hI yaha pUrA jJAna lopa ho jAtA, ata: sthUlibhadra jo eka viziSTa sAdhaka the, ko isa yogya samajhA gayA ki ve bhadrabAhu se 14 pUrvo kA jJAna arjita kara sakate haiN| yaha jJAna samaya rahate bhadrabAhu svAmI se grahaNa karane ke lie caturvidha saMgha ne sthUlibhadra ko bhadrabAhu ke pAsa bhejaa| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne saMgha kI AjJA ko zirodhArya kara sthUlibhadra ko pUrvI kA jJAna sikhAnA Arambha kiyaa| jaba ve dazapUrva kA jJAna sIkha cuke the, usa samaya ve jIrNa-zIrNa khANDahara meM raha kara jJAnAbhyAsa karate the| saMyoga se sthUlibhadra kI sAta sAMsArika bahaneM jo sAdhviyA~ thI, unake darzana karane ke lie himAlaya kI kandarAoM meM AI, taba bhaTaka kara bhadrabAhusvAmI ke pAsa pahu~ca gii| unhoMne vahAM se sthUlibhadra kI dhyAna-sthalI jo kAphI nIce thI, btlaaii| ve usa khaNDahara kI ora ravAnA huI to arjita jJAna se sthUlibhadra ne yaha jAna liyA ki unakI bhaginI sAdhviyA~ unake darzanArtha unakI ora A rahI haiN| apane jJAna kA pradarzana apanI bahanoM ke sAmane karane ke bhAva se unhoMne apanA rUpa siMha kA banAkara khaNDahara ke dvAra para baiTha gye| jaba ve sAdhviyA~ vahAM pahuMcI to siMha ko dekhakara ve ghabarA gaI aura bhadrabAhu ke pAsa vApasa Akara ulAhanA diyA ki unhoMne unheM siMha kI guphA meM bheja diyaa| yaha sunakara bhadrabAhu svAmI ne jAna liyA ki sthUlibhadra ne hI yaha nATaka kiyA hai aura samajha gaye ki sthUlibhadra meM jJAna ke anurUpa gambhIratA nahIM hai, unakA mana caMcala hai, pradarzana kA kautuhala hai, jJAna ko pacA nahIM pAye haiN| pUrvo kA jJAna pacAne meM akSamatA dekhakara unhoMne Age kI dezanA sthUlibhadra ko denA banda kara diyaa| sthUlibhadra ko apanI galatI kA ehasAsa huaa| unako bahuta pazcAttApa huaa| unhoMne isake liye kSamAyAcanA kI aura Age kI dezanA ke liye prArthanA kii| parantu ve isake liye bilkula rAjI nahIM hue aura isa prakAra 14 pUrvo meM se antima cAra pUvoM kA jJAna bhadrabAhu svAmI ke sAtha hI lupta ho gyaa| pAtratA ke abhAva meM 10 pUrvo kA jJAna bhI sthUlibhadra ke Age adhika nahIM claa| vartamAna meM to eka pUrva kA jJAna bhI nahIM hai| vartamAna meM jJAna bahuta alpa raha gayA hai| -I-14. zAstrI nagara, jodhapura