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________________ jaina AgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 563 jaina AgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya zrI mahendra muni 'kamala' bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjaka bhASA hai / bhASA ke do rUpa haiM-sAMketika aura zAbdika / sAMketika kA kSetra sImita hai aura zAbdika kA sImita evaM asImita / sAMketika bhASA to prANimAtra ke pAsa hai, lekina usameM Azaya, prayojana, anubhUti, bhAvoM evaM abhivyakti kI aspaSTatA hotI hai, jabaki zAbdika meM spsstttaa| isIlie bhASA kI paribhASA kI gaI hai jo spaSTa bhAvabodhaka zabda rUpa ho| mAnava zAbdika bhASA prayoga kA adhikArI hai| mAnava ne zabdoM kA upayoga kiyA sAhitya racane meM, mAvoM kI surakSA meM aura bhAvI pIr3hI ko virAsata ke rUpa meM anubhava-koza sauMpane meN| Aja hamAre pAsa jo sAhitya hai, vaha zabdoM kI dena hai, zabdoM kA puMja hai| usameM zabdoM kI saMkhyA sImita aura gaNanA bhI sambhava hai, lekina gabhita bhAva asIma haiM / jinakA udghATana hotA hai vizeSarUpa se vivecana karane para, vibhinna dRSTiyoM se vizleSaNa karane para / antara kI anubhUti vivecana ke dvArA hI vyakta hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhitya ke kSetra meM vivecana ko viziSTa sthAna prApta thA aura hai / sarvAnumati se yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki granthagata rahasyodghATana ke lie usakI vividha vyAkhyA Avazyaka haiM / jaba taka granthagata vaiziSTya kI prAmANika vyAkhyA nahIM hotI, taba taka grantha meM rahI huI aneka mahatvapUrNa bAteM ajJAta raha jAtI haiM, yaha dRSTikoNa jitanA vArtamAnika maulika granthoM para lAgU hotA hai, usase bhI adhika prAcIna granthoM para / kyoMki purAtana granthoM kI racanA paddhati sutrAtmaka hai isIlie una para vyAkhyA sAhitya kA nirmANa karanA bhAratIya granthakAroM kI paramparA rahI hai| vyAkhyA ke prakAra vyAkhyA sAhitya ke nirmANa se do prayojana siddha hote haiN| prathama granthagata bhAvoM ke prakaTIkaraNa se janasAdhAraNa satya tathyoM ko samajhane meM samartha hotA hai, dvitIya grantha ke abhISTa artha kA vizleSaNa karane meM vyAkhyAkAra ko asIma AtmollAsa kI anubhUti evaM prasaMgAnurUpa apanI mAnyatA tathA bauddhika cintana ko prastuta karane kA avasara milatA hai| ___ vyAkhyA aura saritA meM samAnarUpatA hai / jaise saritA srota se prArambha hokara krama-krama se kSetra vistAra karatI huI naye-naye jala-pravAhoM ko apane meM samAhita karatI huI sAgara kA rUpa le letI hai vaise hI vyAkhyA vyAkhyeya grantha ke vizeSa va pAribhASika zabdoM ke artha aura unakI paribhASAoM ko batAte hue yugAnurUpa vivecana prakriyA ke anusaraNa dvArA naye-naye rUpoM ko dhAraNa kara apanI pUrNa vikAsa avasthA ko prApta hotI hai / arthAt vizeSa va pAribhASika zabdoM kA lAkSaNika artha batAnA aura samagra bhAvoM kA vivecana karanA vyAkhyA kA kArya hai / prAcIna sabhI bhAratIya sAhityakAroM ne vyAkhyA kA yahI krama svIkAra kiyaa| niyukti, bhASya, cUNi aura TIkA / niyukti zabdArtha rUpa hotI hai| bhASya meM zabdArtha ke sAtha bhAvoM kA vizleSaNa bhI kiyA jAtA hai| cUNi aura TIkAyeM bhI bhAvoM kA vivecana karatI haiN| vyAkhyA kA mUla uddezya grantha ke Azaya ko spaSTa karanA hai, pAThaka ko jijJAsA ko zAnta karanA hai / ataH vaha kisI bhI yugAnukUla pracalita bhASA meM ho sakatI hai cAhe phira vaha bhASA saMskRta ho, prAkRta ho, hindI ho yA aMgrejI
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________________ 564 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : SaSThama khaNDa athavA anya koI bhASA / saMgrahaNI bhI vyAkhyA kA eka rUpa hai jisameM grantha ke viSaya kA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA jAtA hai / vArtamAnika zikSA praNAlI meM pracalita presI (Precis), samarI, noTsa saMgrahaNI ke dUsare nAma haiN| jaina AgamoM para niyukti Adi sabhI prakAra ke vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya kA nirmANa huA hai / niyuktiyoM meM mUlagrantha ke pratyeka pada kA vyAkhyAna na kiyA jAkara vizeSa rUpa se pAribhASika zabdoM kA vyAkhyAna hai| bhASA prAkRta aura racanA padyAtmaka hai| niyuktiyoM kI vyAkhyA zailI gUr3ha aura saMkSipta hai jisase kisI viSaya kA jitane vistAra se vicAra honA cAhiye usakA unameM abhAva hai / inakI aneka bAteM usake pazcAt ke vyAkhyA granthoM se samajha meM AtI haiM / ataH ina niyuktigata gUDhArthoM ko prakaTa rUpa meM prastuta karane ke lie uttarakAla meM jo padyAtmaka vistRta vyAkhyAyeM kI gaI ve bhASya ke rUpa meM prasiddha huii| bhASyoM meM niyuktiyoM ke gUr3ha artha kI abhivyakti ke sAtha-sAtha yatkicit mUla granthagata bhAvoM ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI bhASyoM ke padyAtmaka hone se unameM bhAvoM kA prakAzana pUrNarUpa se nahIM ho sakA / abhivyaMjanA ke lie unako bhI kSetra sImita hai / isIlie una padyAtmaka vyAkhyAoM ko vyApaka rUpa dene va granthagata bhAvoM ko vizeSa rUpa meM sphuTa karane kI AvazyakatA huI taba uttaravartI kAla meM gadyAtmaka vyAkhyAyeM prAkRta athavA saMskRtamizrita prAkRta meM likhI gaI / vyAkhyA kA navIna rUpa hone se yaha vidyA cUNi ke nAma se prasiddha huii| cUNi taka ke vyAkhyA sAhitya kA rUpa prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita prAkRta rahA aura maulika grantha ke bhAvoM kI sphuTa vyAkhyA hone para bhI yugAnurUpatA ko lakSya meM rakha kara vidvad bhogya zuddha saMskRta bhASA meM vyAkhyAe~ kI gaIM, ve TIkA ke nAma se vikhyAta huiiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki niyukti se prArambha huA vyAkhyA kA rUpa kramazaH vikAsonmukha hokara vyApaka banatA gayA, jisake phalasvarUpa jaina sAhitya kI bhI vRddhi huI / samAnya vidvAnoM ne usakI garimA ko parakhA evaM sAmAnya jana adhyayana paThana-pAThana kI suvidhA prApta kara sakA, grantha kI vizeSatA ko saralatA se samajha sakA / . prAyaH sabhI AgamoM para vyAkhyA grantha likhe gaye haiM lekina unameM bhI kalpasUtra aura AvazyakasUtra kI TIkAoM kI sUcI kAphI lambI hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki paryuSaNa parva meM kalpasUtra ke vAMcana kA vizeSa pracAra hone aura AvazyakasUtra kA sAdhucaryA se sambandha hone ke kAraNa TIkAyeM adhika racI gaI / katipaya pramukha vyAkhyAkAra prAyaH pratyeka Agama kI vyAkhyA huI hai| ata: yaha jAnane kI sahaja jijJAsA hotI hai ki una vyAkhyAtA vidvAna AcAryoM ke nAma kyA haiM jinhoMne sAhitya koza kI zrIvRddhi meM apanA yogadAna diyA hai ? saMkSepa meM unakA paricaya isa prakAra hainiyuktikAra Agamika vyAkhyA meM niyukti kA prathama sthAna hai / vizeSa pAribhASika zabdoM ke vivecana, vizleSaNa karane ko niyukti kahate haiM / vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya likhane kI prAcIna paramparA meM isa vidhA kA adhika upayoga huA hai| vaidika pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karane ke lie maharSi yAska ne nighaNTu bhASyarUpa nirukta likhA hai| niyuktiyoM kI vyAkhyAna zailI nikSepa-paddhatirUpa hai| isa paddhati meM kisI bhI pada ke aneka sambhAvita artha karake unameM se aprastuta artha kA nirAkaraNa kara prastuta artha ko grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / jaina nyAyazAstra meM isa paddhati kA vizeSa mahatva hai / niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ne niyukti kA prayojana batAte hue isa paddhati ko sarvAdhika upayukta batAyA hai / unhoMne Avazyakaniyukti (gAthA 88) meM spaSTa kiyA hai ki pratyeka zabda anekArthaka hotA hai, usameM se yathAprasaMga kauna-sA artha upayukta hai aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza ke samaya kaunasA artha kisa zabda se sambaddha rahA Adi bAtoM para dRSTi rakhate hue samyakapa se artha-nirNaya karanA aura usakA mUla rUpa ke zabdoM ke sAtha sambandha jor3anA niyukti kA prayojana hai| niyuktikAra AcArya bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) caturdaza pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu se bhinna haiM aura prasiddha jyotirvid varAhamihira ke sahodara mAne jAte haiM evaM aSTAMga nimitta va maMtravidyA meM pAraMgata naimittika bhadrabAhu ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiM / varAhamihira vi0 saM0 562 meM vidyamAna the| ataH inakA samaya bhI yahI mAnanA cAhie / Agama prabhAvaka puNyavijayajI mahArAja tathA prasiddha sAhitya manISI devendra munijI zAstrI kA mAnanA hai ki niyuktiyoM kI paramparA bahuta hI prAcIna hai| prathama bhadrabAhu ne bhI niyuktiyAM likhIM aura jo rUpa vartamAna meM niyuktiyoM kA milatA hai vaha rUpa dvitIya bhadrabAhu taka sthira huA thA, isameM aneka gAthAe~ prathama bhadrabAhu ke samaya kI bhI haiN| 0
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________________ jaina AgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya AcArya bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) ne nimna AgamoM para niyuktiyA~ likhI haiM Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, AcArAMga, dazAzru taskaMdha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra / 565 * dUsare niyuktikAra govindAcArya jI haiN| lekina unakI kRtiyA~ upalabdha nahIM haiN| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne jainaparamparAgata aneka mahatvapUrNa pAribhASika zabdoM kI spaSTa vyAkhyA apanI Agamika niyuktiyoM meM kI hai, jinakA AdhAra lekara uttaravartI bhASyakAroM ne apanI-apanI kRtiyoM kA nirmANa kiyA / isIlie jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM AcArya bhadrabAhu kA eka viziSTa evaM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / ************ -- bhASyakAra niyuktiyoM kI varNanapaddhati gUr3ha evaM ati saMkSipta hai| unameM pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA hai | ataH una gUr3hArthoM ko prakaTa rUpa meM prastuta karane ke lie uttaravartI kAla meM AcAryoM ne jo vyAkhyAyeM likhIM ve mAdhya ke rUpa meM prasiddha huI / niyuktiyoM kI hI taraha inakI bhASA prAkRta evaM zailI padyAtmaka hai / pratyeka Agama para jaise niyuktiyA~ nahIM likhI gaIM vaise hI pratyeka niyukti para bhASya bhI nahIM likhe gaye haiM / jina AgamoM para bhASya likhe gaye haiM unake nAma haiM: - Avazyaka, dazavekAlika, uttarAdhyayana, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha | Avazyaka sUtra para tIna bhASya likhe gaye haiM- ( 1 ) mUlabhASya, (2) bhASya, (3) vizeSAvazyakabhASya / prathama do bhASya saMkSipta haiM aura unakI aneka gAthAyeM vizeSAvazyaka mAdhya meM sammilita kara lI gaI haiN| uttarAdhyayanabhASya bahuta choTA hai / kula 45 gAthAyeM haiM / bRhatakalpa para bRhat aura laghu yaha do bhASya haiN| vyavahAra aura nizItha bhASya meM lagabhaga kramazaH 462 aura 6500 gAthAyeM haiN| upalabdha bhASyoM ke AdhAra se AcArya jinabhadragaNI aura saMghadAsagaNI ina do bhASyakAroM ke nAma kA patA calatA hai / apane mahatvapUrNa granthoM ke kAraNa yadyapi AcArya jinamadravaNI kA jaina-paramparA meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai lekina unake jIvana kI ghaTanAoM ke sambandha meM koI sAmagrI nahIM milatI hai| AcArya jinabhadrakRta vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI prati zaka saMvat 531 meM likhI gaI aura vaha vallabhI ke eka jainamandira meM samarpita kI gii| isa ullekha se pratIta hotA hai ki unakA vallabhI se koI sambandha avazya rahA hai| DA0 umAkAnta premAnanda zAha ne akoTA gA~va se prApta do pratimAoM ke lekhoM ke AdhAra se yaha saMketa diyA hai ki AcArya jinabhadra kA samaya I0 san 550 se 600 ke bIca honA caahiye| muni zrI jinavijayajI ne jaisalamera sthita vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI prati ke AdhAra para AcArya jinabhadra kA samaya vikrama saM0 666 ke AsapAsa mAnA hai lekina yaha samaya bhI vivAdAspada hai / AcArya jinabhadra ne vizeSAvazyaka mAdhya (prAkRta padya) vizeSAvazyakabhAyya svopajJavRtti (apUrNa saMskRta gadya) bRhatsaMgrahaNI ( prAkRta padya), bRhat kSetrasamAsa ( prAkRta padya), vizeSaNavatI ( prAkRta padya) jItakalpa ( prAkRta padya), jItakalpa art (prAkRta padya), anuyogadvAra cUrNi ( prAkRta padya), dhyAnazataka ( prAkRta padya ) / dhyAnazataka kA kRtRtva sandigdha hai / Adi granthoM kI racanA kI / saMghadAsagaNI mI bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiM / inake do mAdhya upalabdha haiM--bRhatkalpalaghu mAdhya aura paMcakalpa mahAbhASya / munizrI puNyavijayajI ke matAnusAra saMghadAsagaNI nAma ke do AcArya hue haiN| eka vasudeva hiMDI ke praNetA aura dUsare bRhatkalpalaghubhASya va paMcakalpa mahAbhASya ke kartA / kyoMki vasudeva hiMDI ke kartA AcArya dharmasenagaNI ke kathanAnusAra vasudeva hiDI prathama khaNDa ke praNa etA 'vAcaka' pada se alaMkRta the jabaki mAdhya praNetA saMghadAsagaNI 'kSamAzramaNa' pada se / lekina kevala upAdhibheda se vyaktibheda kI kalpanA karanA ucita nahIM hai / kamI-kabhI eka hI vyakti do padaviyoM se alaMkRta ho sakatA hai aura vibhinna dRSTiyoM se unakA samayAnusAra prayoga bhI hotA hai / ataH saMghadAsagaNI nAma se do alaga-alaga AcArya hue hoM yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha satya hai ki saMghadAsagaNI AcArya jinabhadra ke pUrvavartI haiN| anya mAdhyakAroM kA bhI anumAna kiyA jAtA hai lekina unakA nizcita patA nahIM lagane se yahI mAnA jAyegA ki bhASyakAroM meM AcArya jinabhadra aura saMghadAsagaNI pramukha haiM / cUrNikAra -- niyukti aura bhASya ke anantara vyAkhyA vidhi meM aMtara aayaa| niyukti aura bhASya kI bhASA prAkRta evaM zailI padyAtmaka rhii| unake pazcAt uttaravartI AcAryoM ne gadyAtmaka vyAkhyA kA nirmANa kiyA / yaha vyAkhyA O
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________________ 566 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : SaSThama khaNDa prAkRta meM yA saMskRta mizrita prAkRta meM hai, jise cUNi kahA jAtA hai| cUNiyA~ AgamoM para aura Agametara anya granthoM para likhI gaI lekina unakI saMkhyA alpa hai| jina Agama granthoM para cUrNiyAM likhI gaI unake nAma kramazaH isa prakAra haiM:-AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI, jIvAbhigama, nizItha, vyavahAra, bRhatkalpa, dazAzru taskaMdha, uttarAdhyayana, Avazyaka, dazarvakAlika, nandI, anuyogadvAra, jambUdvIpaprajJapti / niyuktiyoM evaM anya granthoM para bhI cUrNiyAM likhI gaI haiN| cUrNikAra ke rUpa meM jinadAsagaNI mahattara kA nAma prasiddha hai| inhoMne kitanI cUrNiyAM likhIM yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| phira bhI nizItha, nandI, anuyogadvAra, Avazyaka, dazavakAlika, uttarAdhyayana aura sUtrakRtAMga AgamoM kI cUNiyA~ inake dvArA racita haiN| jinadAsagaNI mahattara kI jIvanI ke bAre meM vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM miltii| nizIthacUNi ke anta meM cUrNikAra kA nAma jinadAsa batAyA hai aura usake prArambha meM vidyAguru ke rUpa meM pradyumna kSamAzramaNa kA nAma tathA uttarAdhyayanacUNi ke anta meM jo prazasti dI hai, usameM inake nAma kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai kintu guru kA nAma gopAlagaNI mahattara hai| jinadAsagaNI ke samaya ke bAre meM upalabdha sAkSyoM se itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye bhASyakAra AcArya jinabhadra ke bAda aura TIkAkAra AcArya harimadra ke pUrva hue haiN| kyoMki jinadAsagaNI mahattara ne AcArya jinamadra ke bhASya kI aneka gAthAoM kA apanI cUNiyoM meM aura AcArya haribhadra ne inakI cUNiyoM kA apanI TIkAoM meM yathAsthAna upayoga kiyA hai| ataH ina donoM ke madhya meM jinadAsagaNI kA samaya ucita pratIta hotA hai| AcArya jinamadra kA samaya vikrama saM0600-660 ke AsapAsa hai aura haribhadra kA samaya vi0 saM0757 se 827 ke madhya / ataH jinadAsagaNI kA samaya vikrama saM0 650-750 ke bIca mAnanA caahiye| jinadAsagaNI mahattara ke atirikta siddhasenasUri, pralambasUri aura agastyasiMhasUri ne bhI kucha cUrNiyA~ likhI haiN| ___TIkAkAra-AgamoM kI saMskRta bhASA meM likhI gaI gadya vyAkhyAyeM TIkA ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / saMskRta bhASA kA vizeSa pracAra-prabhAva bar3hane para jainAcAryoM ne bhI apane prAcInatama AgamagranthoM para saMskRta meM TIkA meM likhanA prArambha kiyA / jinameM prAcIna niyuktiyA~, bhASya aura cUNiyoM kA upayoga to kiyA hI sAtha meM naye naye takoM, hetuoM dvArA pUrva sAmagrI ko vyApaka banAyA / prAyaH pratyeka Agama para TIkAe~ milatI haiN| TIkAkAroM meM haribhadrasUri, zIlAMkasUri, vAdivetAla zAntisUri, abhayadevasUri, malayagiri, maladhArI hemacandra ke nAma pramukha haiN| kintu ina TIkAkAroM se bhI pUrva AcArya jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai / jinhoMne vizeSAzyakabhASya kI svopajJavRtti likhanA prArambha kiyA thA para use ve apane jIvanakAla meM samApta na kara sake aura usa apUrNa vRtti ko koTyAcArya ne pUrNa kiyA / isa dRSTi se AcArya jinabhadra ko anya TIkAkAroM se bhI pUrvavartI prAcIna Agamika TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM smaraNa kara sakate haiN| AcArya haribhadrasUri Adi pramukha TIkAkAra ke atirikta anya TIkAkAra bhI hue haiM / jinaralakoza Adi meM AcAryoM ke nAma ullikhita haiM jinhoMne Agama sAhitya para TIkAyeM likhI haiN| haribhradrasUri jaina AgamoM ke prAcIna TIkAkAra haiN| inhoMne Avazyaka, dazavakAlika, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, nandI, anuyogadvAra AgamoM para TIkAyeM likhI haiN| ApakA janma cittaur3a meM huA / ve vahA~ ke rAjA jitAri ke rAja purohita the / gacchapati guru kA nAma jinabhaTa, dIkSAguru kA nAma jinadatta, dharma-jananI kA nAma yAkinI mahattarA, dharmakula kA nAma vidyAdhara gaccha hai / inakA samaya vikrama saM0757-820 arthAt I0 san 700-770 hai| kahA jAtA hai ki haribhadrasUri ne 1444 granthoM kI racanA kI thii| unameM se 75 grantha to abhI upalabdha haiM jinako dekhane se inakI vidvattA kA patA lagatA hai ki ye eka bar3e bahuzru ta vidvAna the| AcArya zIlAMka ke lie kahA jAtA hai ki inhoMne prathama nau aMgoM para TIkAyeM likhI thiiN| para vartamAna meM AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga kI TIkAyeM upalabdha haiM / AcArAMgaTIkA kI pratiyoM meM bhinna-bhinna samaya kA ullekha hai, jaise kisI para zaka saMvata 772 to kisI para zaka saM 784 yA 798 / isase zaka kI AThavIM arthAta vikrama kI nauvIM-dasavIM zatAbdI inakA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai / zIlAMkAcArya zIlAcArya evaM tattvAditya ke nAma se bhI ye prasiddha haiN|
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________________ jaina AgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 567 Hurrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrmirmirmirtin+H++++++++++Hai++++++++manherion vAdivetAla, zAMtisUri uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI TIkA ke kartA haiN| inakA janma rAdhanapura (gujarAta) ke pAsa UNa gA~va meM huA thaa| pitA kA nAma dhanadeva, mAtA kA nAma dhanazrI tathA svayaM kA nAma bhIma tathA dIkSA kA nAma zAnti thA / zAntisUri kA samaya pATana ke rAjA bhImarAja (zAsanakAla vi. saM. 1078 se 1120) ke samakAlIna mAnA jA sakatA hai| Apa bhImarAja kI sabhA meM 'vAdicakravartI' tathA 'kavIndra' ke rUpa meM prasiddha the| mAlava pradeza meM vihAra karate samaya dhArA nagarI ke prasiddha rAjA bhoja (zAsana kAla vi. saM. 1067 se 1111) kI sabhA meM 84 vAdiyoM ko parAjita karane para rAjA bhoja ne inheM 'vAdivetAla' ke pada se vibhUSita kiyA thaa| Apake guru kA nAma vijayasiMhasUri thA aura bAda meM AcArya pada prApta kara apane guru ke paTTadhara ziSya hue| Apake 32 ziSya the| unheM Apa pramANazAstra kA abhyAsa karAte the| isI prasaMga para eka vidvAna muni candrasUri kA suyoga milA jo bahuta hI kuzAgrabuddhi the| unheM bhI apane pAsa rakhakara pramANazAstra kA vizeSa abhyAsa kraayaa| ___anta velA meM giranAra meM Akara Apane saMthArA kiyA aura vikrama saM. 1066 jyeSTha zuklA 6 maMgalavAra ko kAladharma ko prApta hue| abhayadevasUri navAMgI vRttikAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai / Apane sthAnAMga Adi no aMga AgamoM evaM aupapAtika upAMga kI TIkAe~ likhI haiM / ApakI kula racanAoM kA granthamAna karIba 60,000 zloka pramANa haiN| amayadevasUri kA bAlyakAla kA nAma abhayakumAra thA aura dhArA nagarI ke seTha dhanadeva ke putra the / Apake dIkSAguru kA nAma vardhamAnasUri ke ziSya jinezvarasUri thA / amayadeva kA janma anumAnataH vi. saM. 1088, dIkSA vi. saM. 1104 AcArya pada evaM TIkAoM kA prArambha vi. saM. 1120 aura svargavAsa vi. saM. 1135 athavA 1136 mAnA jAtA hai| malayagirisUri kalikAla sarvajJa AcArya hemacandra ke samakAlIna the aura unhIM ke sAtha vidyA sAdhanA bhI kI thI / Apa AcArya the| prAcArya hemacandra ke samakAlIna hone se malayagiri sUri kA samaya vi. saM. 1150-1250 ke lagabhaga mAnanA caahie| AcArya malayagiriracita nimnalikhita Agamika TIkAyeM Aja bhI upalabdha haiM--magavatI (dvitIya zataka) rAjapraznIya, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, nandI, vyavahAra, vRhatkalpa, Avazyaka / kucha aura granthoM kI bhI TIkAyeM likhI haiM / Apane kula 26 pranthoM kA nirmANa kiyA thA jinameM se paccIsa TIkAyeM haiM / kula granthamAna do lAkha zloka pramANa hai / TIkAoM kI vidvadvarga meM bar3I pratiSThA hai| maladhArI hemacandrasUri kA gRhasthAzrama kA nAma pradyumna thaa| Apa rAjamaMtrI the aura maladhArI abhayadevasUri ke ziSya the| vi. saM. 1168 meM AcArya pada prApta kiyA aura sambhavataH vi. saM. 1180 meM kAladharma ko prApta hue| Apane Avazyaka, anuyogadvAra, nandIsUtra kI TIkAoM ke atirikta anya granthoM kI bhI racanA kI, jinakA granthamAna karIba assI hajAra zloka pramANa hai| ukta pramukha TIkAkAroM ke atirikta nemicandrasUri ne uttarAdhyayanavRtti, zrIcandrasUri ne Avazyaka, nandI, nirayAvalikA Adi antima pA~ca upAMgoM para TIkAyeM likhI haiM / AgamoM para saMskRta TIkAyeM likhane kA krama vikrama kI satrahavIM zatAbdI taka calatA rahA aura aneka AcAryoM ne AgamoM yA unake kisI aMza para vidvattApUrNa TIkA grantha likhe haiN| lokabhASA TIkAkAra-AgamoM kI saMskRta TIkAoM kI bahulatA hone para bhI samayAnusAra bhASA pravAha meM parivartana Ane aura loka-bhASAoM kA pracAra bar3hane ke kAraNa tathA saMskRta TIkAoM ke sarvagamya na hone se uttaravartI kAla meM AcAryoM ne janahita ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue loka-bhASAoM meM sarala subodha TIkAyeM likhI haiM / ina vyAkhyAoM kA uddezya AgamoM ke mUlabhAvoM ko samajhAne kA hai| pariNAmataH tatkAlIna apabhraMza (prAcIna gujarAtI) meM bAlAvabodhoM kI racanA huI / isa prakAra kI racanAoM se rAjasthAnI evaM gujarAtI boliyoM ke jAnane vAle Agama-premiyoM ko kAphI lAbha milA tathA Aja to sAdhAraNa-jana bhI una vyAkhyAoM ko par3hakara apanI Agama nidhi kA rasAsvAdana kara sakatA hai| bAlAvabodhoM kI racanA karane vAloM meM munizrI dharmasiMhajI kA nAma pramukha hai| Apane bhagavatI, jIvAbhigama,
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________________ 568 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : SaSThama khaNDa prajJApanA, candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti ina pAMca sUtroM ke atirikta zeSa sthAnakavAsI sammata 27 AgamoM ke bAlAvabodha (Tavve) likhe haiM / sAdhu ratnasUri ke ziSya pArzvacandragaNI (vi0 saM0 1572) viracita AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga Adi ke bAlAvabodha bhI ullekhanIya haiM / inakI bhASA gujarAtI hai| .. prasiddha bAlAvabodhakAra munizrI dharmasiMhajI jAmanagara (saurASTra) ke nivAsI the| pitAzrI kA nAma jinadAsa aura mAtA kA nAma zivAdevI thaa| Apa karIba 15 varSa ke the usa samaya loMkAgaccha ke AcArya ratnasiMha ke ziSya devajI muni kA jAmanagara padArpaNa huaa| unake pravacana se prabhAvita hokara Apane va Apake pitAjI ne dIkSA aMgIkAra kara lI thii| adhyayana karate-karate Apako zAstroM kA acchA abhyAsa ho gayA thaa| Apake bAre meM yaha prasiddha hai ki donoM hAthoM se hI nahIM donoM pairoM se bhI lekhanI pakar3akara likha sakate the| vi0 saM0 1728 Azvina zuklA 4 ko Apa kAladharma ko prApta hue| munizrI dharmasiMhajI ne 27 sUtroM ke TavvoM ke atirikta nimnalikhita gujarAtI granthoM kI bhI racanA kI hai :-samavAyAMga kI huNDI, sUtrasamAdhi kI huNDI, bhagavatI kA yantra, sthAnAMga kA yantra, jIvAbhigama kA yantra, jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA yantra, candraprajJapti kA yantra, sUryaprajJapti kA yantra, rAjapraznIya kA yantra, vyavahAra kI huNDI, draupadI kI carcA, sAmAyika kI carcA, sAdhu sAmAcArI, candraprajJapti kI TIpa / kucha grantha aura bhI likhe haiM lekina abhI taka ina granthoM kA prakAzana nahIM huA hai| Ajakala hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM meM aneka AgamoM ke anuvAda va sAra bhI prakAzita hue haiN| AgamoM para mahattvapUrNa zodhakArya bhI cala rahe haiN| Adhunika dRSTi se AgamoM kA sampAdana kArya bhI cala suprasiddha sAhitya manISI zrI devendra munijI zAstrI ne apane mahattvapUrNa zodhapradhAna grantha "jaina AgamaH sAhitya manana aura mImAMsA' meM Agama aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| maiMne bahuta hI saMkSepa meM yahAM kucha vicAra vyakta kiye haiM / vizeSa jijJAsuoM ko prastuta grantha ratna par3hane ke lie sUcana karatA huuN| 4-0--0-puSkara vANI------------------------------------------- -------------------------- kucha bAlaka piMga pAMga khela rahe the| maiMne dekhA ki eka choTA sA baoNla hai, usa para jitanI coTeM lagatI haiM vaha utanA hI jora se uchalatA hai / uchalane kA rahasya kyA hai ? baoNla kA halakApana ! baoNla halakA hotA hai, isalie uchalatA hai| krodha Adi vikAroM se halake AtmA para bhI saMsAra meM cAhe jitanI coTeM lageM, vaha unameM duHkhI nahIM hotA apitu apane Apa meM magana banA uchalatA hai, kUdatA hai, arthAt prasanna rahatA hai / vAstava meM AtmA to halakA hai, vajana hai karmoM kA, vikAroM kaa| sthUla bhautika padArthoM kaa| 1-0--0--0--0--0--0--0--0-0--0-01 4-0-0-0-0-0-------------------------------------------