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________________ 6 2363693comdisc00000000100618066644064456986888888888886000000000000ddes968800000000000000868840 sck jaina Agama sAhitya meM nArI kA svarUpa 302268826880032002020163003552800 * mahAsatI zrI uditaprabhA 'uSA' 1036d6 :25888888888888888652800000000038 maharSi ramaNa kA kahanA hai "pati ke lie caritra, saMtAna ke liye mamatA, samAja ke liye zIla, vizva ke liye dayA, tathA jIva mAtra ke liye karuNA saMjone vAlI mahAprakRti kA nAma hI nArI hai|" vaha tapa, tyAga, prema aura karUNA kI pratimUrti hai| usakI tulanA eka aisI salilA se kI jA sakatI haiM, jo aneka viSama mArgoM para vijayazrI prApta karate hue, sudUra prAntoM meM pravAhita hote hue / AtmAoM kA kalyANa karatI hai| usameM pathvI ke samAna sahanazIlatA. AkAza ke samAna cintana kI gaharAI aura sAgara ke samAna kalmaSa ko AtmasAta kara pAvana karane kI kSamatA vidyamAna hai| nArI kI tulanA bhUle bhaTake prANiyoM kA patha pradarzita karane vAle prakAza stambha se kI jA sakatI haiN| usake jIvana meM rAhoM kI dhUla bhI hai, vairAgya kA candana bhI hai aura rAga kA gulAla bhI hai| vaha kabhI durgA banakara krAnti kI agni prajjvalita karatI hai to kabhI lakSmI banakara karUNA kI brsaat| na+ari arthAt jo kisI kI zatru nahIM usake vAtsalyamaya AMcala meM zizu ke samAna akhila vizva pallavita hotA hai| ataH yadi use jaganmAtA kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA jAye to atizayokti nahIM hogii| ___hamAre deza meM prAcIna kAla se hI nArI kA sthAna garimAmaya rahA hai| "yatra nAryastu pUjyante ramante tatra devatA" jahAM para nAriyoM kI pUjA aura sammAna hotA hai, vahAM devatA nivAsa karate hai| iyaM vediH bhuvanasya nAbhiH nArI hI saMsAra kA kendra hai| ina sUtroM meM nArI ke prati apAra AsthA, zraddhA aura pUjya bhAvanA abhivyakta kI gaI hai| ___ kaviyoM ne unakI tulanA varNa evaM gandha ke phUloM kI mahakatI manohAriNI mAlA se kI haiM, jananI ke rUpa meM vaha sarvAdhika pUjya evaM sammAnanIya hai, bahana ke. rUpa meM vaha sneha, saujanya evaM preraNA kI pravAhinI hai, patnI bhAryA, sahadharmiNI ke rUpa meM vaha mAnava ke samagra vyaktitva kA mitra rUpa meM vikAsa karatI hai| vaha eka aise asIma sAgara ke samAna hai, jisameM cintana ke asaMkhya motI vidyamAna hai| jaina manISiyoM ne usake mahatva ke Aloka ko samajhA aura zabdabaddha kiyaa| Agama ke jyotirmaya pRSThoM meM usake AdarzoM evaM.gauravagAthAoM ke aneka citra vidyamAna hai| jaina dharma meM nArI ko bAhya pariveza ke sthAna para usake Antarika saundarya ke pariprekSya meM mUlyAMkita kiyA gayA hai| usakI ugra tapasyA, asIma tyAga atulanIya sAhasa, sevA parAyaNatA, zIla saundarya, saMvedanazIlatA, titikSAvRti ke divya prabhAva kA gAna kiyA gayA hai| usane antara meM vidyamAna atula jIvana zakti ko anubhava kara sammAnita kiyA hai| jaina itihAsa meM nArI mAhAtmya viSaya meM sarvotkRSTa pakSa puruSa se pahale jIvana ke vikAsa kI carama sthiti meM pahuMcanA hai| udAharaNArtha: bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samakSa jaba mAtA marUdevI AtI hai, aura hAthI para (39)
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________________ baiThe-baiThe hI unakI antazcetanA, UrdhvArohaNa karane lagatI hai aura vaha vAyAvI bhAvanAoM se Upara uThakara zuddha caitanya meM lIna ho jAtI hai, usI Asana para baiThe-baiThe vaha kaivalyajJAna aura siddha gati prApta kara letI jaina dharma meM tIrthakaMra kA pada sarvocca mAnA jAtA hai| zvetAmbara, paramparAnusAra malli ko strI tIrthakaMra ke rUpa meM svIkAra karake yaha udghoSita kiyA ki AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sarvocca pada kI adhikArI nArI bhI ho sakatI hai| usameM ananta zakti sampanna AtmA kA nivAsa haiN| mAtA marUdevI aura tIrthakaMra ke do aise jAjvalyamAna udAharaNa zramaNa saMskRti ne prastuta kiye haiM, jinake kAraNa nArI ke sambandha meM racI gaI, aneka mithyA dhAraNAeM svata: dhvasta ho jAtI hai| - bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI putrI brAhmI aura sundarI mAnava jAti kI prathama zikSikAoM ke rUpa meM pratiSThita haiN| jambUdvIpa-prajJapti, AvazyakacUrNi va Adi purANa Adi meM inheM mAnava sabhyatA ke Adi meM jyotistambha mAnA hai| brAhmI ne sarvaprathama akSarajJAna kI pratiSThApanA kI to sundarI ne gaNitajJAna ko nUtana artha diyA hai| prathama zAzvata sAhitya ke vaibhava kI devI hai, to dUsarI rASTra kI bhautika sampatti ke hAnilAbha kA sAMkhya upasthita karatI hai| donoM ne sAMsArika AkarSaNoM ko tAka para rakhate hue Ajanma brahmacAriNI rahakara mAnava jagata ke bauddhika vikAsa kI jo sevA kI hai, vaha svarNAkSaroM meM aMkita hai| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne nArI ke utthAna hetu jina cauMsaTha kalAoM kI sthApanA kI hai, unameM donoM Ajanma kumAriyA~ niSNAta thii| nArI isa sRSTi kI prathama zikSikA hai, vahIM sarvaprathama vizva rUpI zizu ko na kevala aMgulI pakar3akara calanA sikhAtI hai, apitu girakara phira uThakara calane kA pATha bhI par3hAtI hai| AvazyakacUrNi meM brAhmI aura sundarI dvArA muni bAhubali ko pratibodha dene kA ullekha hai| prakRti se komala hone ke kAraNa usakA upadezikA rUpa viziSTa prabhAva upasthita karatA hai| bAhubali saMyama ke patha para calakara bhI abhimAna ke mada se. mukta nahIM hue the| bhaginI dvaya ne unake abhimAna ko cUra kara sanmArga para prazasta kiyA thaa| unakA svara thA: __ "vIrA mhArA gaja thakI nIce utro| gaja caDhyA kevalI na hosI re||" bhaginI dvaya kA upadeza suna karake unake antara ke dvAra khule aura ahaMkAra nizeSa ho gyaa| uttarAdhyayana aura dazavaikAlika kI cUrNi meM rAjamati ke aDiga saMkalpa aura divyazIla kA varNana hai| yAdava yuga kI nArI rAjula kI ariSTanemi ke sAtha sagAI ho cukI thI, vivAha ke lie bArAta A gayI thii| sahasA toraNa para se vara lauTa gaye aura rAjula parityaktA ho gyii| parityaktA hone para vaha bhI TUTI nhiiN| apitu rAjamahala ke vaibhava ko chor3akara tyAga ke patha para cala pdd'ii| usake saMyama ke sAmane raivatAcala kI sUnI ghATiyAM bhI vismita thii| udhara rathanemi saMyama ke patha para calate hue bhI vAsanAoM ke lAla DoroM se svayaM ko mukta na kara sake the| raivatAcala kI andhakArAcchanna ekAnta guphA meM bhIge vastroM meM rAjamati ko dekhakara vAsanA kA sarpadaMza ke liye taiyAra thaa| rAjamati ke bhIge saundarya ko dekhakara vaha saMyama ke AkAza se vAsanA kI dharatI para tar3apane lage the| jaba rAjamati ne rathanemi ko patana ke garta meM (40)
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________________ girate hue dekhA to usakA upahAsa nahIM ur3AyA apitu apanI pavitra upadezAmRta se aisI prazAnti pradAna kI ki vAsanA kA sarpa phira kabhI na phuphkaaraa| saMyama ke mArga para rathanemi ke bhaTakate kadamoM ko rAjamati ne sthira kiyaa| rAjamati kI adamya tejasvitA stutya hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke zabdoM meM rAjula ke upadeza se rathanemI satpatha para vaise hI cala par3ate haiM, jaise utpathagAmI mastahastI aMkuza se niyaMtrita ho jAtA hai| "aMkuseNa jahA~ nAgo dhamme saMpaDivAio" zramaNa saMskRti meM nArI kI garimA AdinAtha se mahAvIra yuga taka akSuNNa raha skii| mahAvIra ne candanabAlA ke mAdhyama se usa paramparA ko eka navIna mor3a pradAna kiyaa| taduparAnta hI sAdhu aura zrAvaka ke sAtha sAdhvI aura zrAvikA saMgha kI sthApanA kii| sAdhanA ke patha para nArI ne nava kIrtimAna sthApita kiye| puruSoM kI apekSA nAriyoM kI saMkhyA sadA hI bar3hakara rhii| nArI ne apane aDiga sAdhanA dvArA yaha pramANita kara diyA ki vaha kisI bhI dRSTi se puruSa se pIche nahIM hai - "eka nahIM do-do mAtrAeM nara se bar3hakara naarii|" bha. mahAvIra ke caturvidha saMgha meM kula caudaha hajAra sAdhu evaM chattIsa hajAra sAdhviyAM thii| eka lAkha unasaTha hajAra zrAvaka aura tIna lAkha aThAraha hajAra zrAvikAeM thii| candanabAlA ne chattIsa hajAra AryAoM ke virATa evaM divya zramaNI saMgha kA netRtva kiyaa| candanabAlA jaina sAhitya meM eka pratIka ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hai| dAsatva kI jaMjIroM se vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI kI anukampA se mukta huI aura usane adhyAtma patha para saMyama kI raMgolI sjaayii| vastutaH Arya candanabAlA kI kahAnI bhAratIya nArI ke saMgharSoM ke sAgara ke usa pAra jAne ke atulanIya sAhasa kA pramANa hai| manISiyoM ne AdhyAtmika nirdezanoM kI dRSTi se candanabAlA ko gaNadhara gautama ke samakakSa maanaa| kalpasUtra isake lie pramANa-svarUpa hai, jisameM batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhu saMta meM sAta sau zramaNa kevala jJAna pAkara siddha hue hai| jabaki saMgha meM sAta sau zramaNa kevala jJAna pAkara siddha hue hai| jaba ki zramaNI saMgha meM caudaha sau zramaNiyAM siddha buddha mukta huii| isakA yaha artha hai ki Arya candanA kA zAsana kitanA adhika svaccha, nirmala, sazakta evaM sakSama thA aura isake mUla meM svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra hai, unakA tatvajJAna evaM dharma shikssnn| zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nArI meM vidyamAna divya guNa ko pahacAnA aura usakI garimA ke pratiSThApana kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhaayii| bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke sandeza meM nArI ke liye amRta bindu chalake haiN| AdhyAtmika, sAmAjika evaM zaikSaNika dRSTi se usake liye vikAsa ke nava sopAna sthApita kiye| sAdhvI zrI suyazA kA yaha kathana jaina zramaNI ke liye sArthaka siddha hotA hai-"nArI na sahasA vidroha kara sakatI hai aura na daba banakara hI raha sakatI hai| usakA apanA eka svAbhimAna hai. jisakI koI 'idamityaM' jaisI aikAntika vyAkhyA nahIM ho sktii| nArI sarvathA navIna krAnti kI nirmAtrI abhinava brahmANI hai| jIvana ke hara naye mor3a para nArI kI eka anokhI hI navanirmita hotI nArI ko abalA aura baMdinI kaha kara usakA upahAsa karane vAle ko jaina ziromaNiyoM ne nirUntarita kiyA hai| eka kavi kA kathana hai - "komala hai kamajora nahIM tuma zakti kA nAma nArI hai,
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________________ sabakoM jIvana dene vAlI mauta bhI tujhase hArI hai|" katipaya logoM ne nArI ke mahatva ko na samajha kara usa para vyaMgya kiyA hai| kisI ne yaha kahA- "nArI kI jhAI parata aMdhA hota bhujaMga" to kisI ne usakI tulanA Dhola se karate hue kahA - "zUdra gaMvAra Dhola pazu nArI ye saba tAr3ana ke adhikArI" aMgrejI ke eka lekhaka ke sira para to yaha jAdU kucha adhika hI car3hakara bolA - "A dog, a wife and walrut tree more you beat them better they be" kucha logoM ne nArI ko viSa kI belar3I, kalaha kI jar3a kahakara usakI upekSA kI hai| unhoMne nArI ke ujjvala rUpa ko nahIM dekhaa| vaha yuddha kI jvAlA nahIM, zakti kI amRtavarSA hai| vaha andhakAra meM prakAza kiraNa hai| usane apane buddhi, cAturya aura AtmavizvAsa se zUle bhaTake jIvana rAhiyoM ko sahI dizA darzana diyaa| durAcAra ke saghana andhakAra meM gumarAha bane vyaktiyoM ko sadAcAra kI sahI rAha btaayii| jaina dharma nArI ke sAmAjika mahatva se bhI AMkheM mUMda kara nahIM calA hai| usane sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI nArI ko puruSa ke samAna mahatva diyA hai| saMyama ke kSetra meM bhikSuNiyA~ hI nahIM gRhastha upAsikAoM bhI anavarat Age bar3hI haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pramukha zramaNopAsaka gRhasthoM kA nAmollekha jahAM hotA hai vahIM pramukha upAsikAeM kI bhI carcAeM AtI hai| sulasA, revatI, jayantI, mRgAvatI jaisI nAriyAM mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM puruSoM ke samAna hI Adara va sammAnapUrvaka baiThatI hai| ___ bhagavatI sUtrAnusAra jayantI nAmaka rAjakumArI ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa gambhIra, tAtvika evaM dhArmika carcA kI hai to kozA vezyA apane nivAsa para sthita muni ko sanmArga dikhAtI hai| ... uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM mahArAnI kamalAvatI eka Adarza zrAvikA thI, jisane rAjA iSukAra ko sanmArga dikhAyA hai| mahArAnI celanA ne apane hiMsAparAyaNa mahArAja zreNika ko ahiMsA kA mArga dikhaayaa| zramaNopAsikA sulasA kI aDiga zraddhA satarkatA ke viSaya meM bhI hameM vismaya meM raha jAnA par3atA hai| ambar3a ne usakI kaI prakAra se parIkSA lii| brahmA, viSNu, maheza banA, tIrthakaMra kA rUpa dhAraNa kara samavasaraNa kI lIlA raca ddaalii| kintu sulasA ko AkRSTa na kara skaa| sulasA kI zraddhA dekhakara mastaka zraddhAvanata ho jAtA hai| revatI kI bhakti devoM kI bhakti kA bhI atikramaNa karane vAlI thii| uparyukta vizleSaNa se yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki jaina darzana ke mastaka para nArI tapazIla aura divya saundarya ke mukuTa kI bhAMti zaubhAyamAna hai| usakI komalatA meM himAlaya kI dRr3hatA aura sAgara kI gaMbhIratA chipI huI hai| sItA, anjanA, draupadI, kauzalyA, subhadrA Adi mahAsatiyoM kA jIvana cAritra Arya saMskRti kA yazogAna hai| inake saMyama, sahiSNutA evaM vividha AdarzoM ko yadi devadurlabha siddhi kahA jAye to atizayokti na hogii| ye labdhiyAM mahAkAla kI tUphAnI AMdhI meM bhI kabhI dhUla dhUsarita na hogii| vastutaH jainAgamoM meM nArI jIvana kI vividha gAthAeM una nanhIM dIpa zikhAoM kI bhAMti hai jo yuga-yugAntara taka Aloka kI kiraNe vikIrNa karatI rhegii| yaha dIpa zikhAe~ divya smRti-maMjUSA meM jagamagAtI rhegii| vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM yaha jyoti adhika prAsaMgika hai, kyoMki Aja bhI nArI vividha viSamatAoM ke bhayAnaka DainoM se svayaM ko mukta nahIM pA rahI hai| yadi hama jaina zramaNiyoM aura Adarza zrAvikAoM kI suSThu evaM jyotirmaya paramparA ko eka bAra puna: samaya ke paTala. para smaraNa kareM to Ane vAle kala kA ceharA na kevala kusumAdapi komala hogA apitu usameM himAlayadapi dRr3hatA kA bhI samAveza ho jaayegaa|