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________________ 28 / islAma dharma meM karma kA svarUpa - DaoN. nijAma uddIna islAma dharma saMsAra ke parityAga kI, virakti kI ora le jAne vAlA dharma nahIM; tarke duniyA yA rahabAniyata kA saMdeza dene vAlA nhiiN| vaha karma kA saMdeza detA hai, saMyama se jIvana vyatIta karane kA mArga prazasta karatA hai| isa loka ke sAtha paraloka para bhI usakI dRSTi rahatI hai aura paraloka ko ihaloka para prAthamikatA detA hai / manuSya karma karane meM pUrNataH svatantra hai, use apane karmoM kA phala bhI nizcita rUpa meM bhoganA hai aura 'roz2a-mazahara' meM-'antima nirNaya' ke dina use allAha ke darabAra meM hAjira hokara apane karmoM kA hisAba denA hotA hai-"jo vyakti satkarma karegA cAhe vaha strI ho yA puruSa, bazarte ki vaha momina ho, use hama saMsAra meM pavitra jIvana vyatIta karAyeMge aura paraloka meM aise vyaktiyoM ko unake pratikAra, puNya, uttama karmoM ke anusAra pradAna kiye jaayeNge|"1 ____ jaisA karma vaisA phala milegaa| svarga aura naraka kA-jannata va doz2akha kA nirNaya logoM ke haqa meM karmoM ke AdhAra para hI hogA-DaoN0 iqabAla ne ThIka pharamAyA hai: amala se jiMdagI banatI hai jannata bhI jahannama bhI, yaha khAkI apanI fitarata meM, na nUrI hai na nArI hai / kuraAna meM bAra-bAra yaha ghoSaNA kI gaI hai-"va bazzirillajInA AmanU va AmilussuAlihAti annAlAhuma jannAtina tajarI mina-tahatihala anhAra / "2 e paig2ambara ! kha zakhabarI sunA dIjie una logoM ko jo ImAna lAe aura kAma kiye acche, isa bAta kI ki niHsaMdeha unake lie jannateM (svarga) haiM jinake nIce nahareM bahatI haiN| 1-kurAna, nahala-125 2-alabakara, 25 Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 210 ] [ karma siddhAnta lekina karmoM kA dAromadAra nIyata para hai| jo jaisI nIyata karegA use vaisA hI milegaa| paig2ambare-islAma kA faramAnA hai-"karma kA dAromadAra nIyata para hai aura pratyeka AdamI ko vahI milegA jisakI usane nIyata kii|" allAha karaNa-bhara burAI, kaNa-bhara bhalAI ko dekhane vAlA hai| 'sUre alaz2alaz2Ala' meM allAha ne faramAyA hai-"jo koI eka kaNa samAna nekI karegA, use dekhegA aura jo kaNa samAna kukarma karegA, use dekhegA" / 'sUre alahaja' meM ullekha hai-"vaprabudU rabbAkuma vafAlU lA allAkuma tuphalihUna"1 arthAt apane raba kI baMdagI karo aura bhalAI ke karma karo tAki hita-kalyANa prApta kro| isa prakAra kurAna meM tathA antima paig2ambara muhammada sAhaba (san 571-632) ne bAra-bAra satkarma karane kA Adeza diyA hai aura sAtha hI usa vyakti ko zreSTha mAnA hai jo saMyamI hai "innA akarAmAkuma indallAhi ataqAkuma" (alahajArAta, 12/12) tuma meM sarvAdhika AdaraNIya vaha hai jo tuma meM sabase adhika saMyamI hai| isa prakAra neka karma karanA tathA saMyamapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karanA kuraAna kA saMdeza hai aura islAma dharma kA eka buniyAdI siddhAnta hai / ImAna vAloM meM sabase acchA usa vyakti kA ImAna hai jisakA AcaraNa, vyavahAra sabase acchA ho, aura jo apane gharavAloM ke sAtha bhI sadvyavahAra karane meM uttama ho| allAha ne usa vyakti ko nApasanda kiyA hai jo saMsAra meM daMgA-phasAda paidA karatA hai / kuraAna meM kahA gayA hai ---"vallAhu lA yuhibbula muphasidIna" (ala-mAidA, 64) aura allAha fasAda karane vAloM se prema nahIM karatA 'lA ikarAhA fiddIna' (alabaqara) dIna, dharma ke mAmale meM koI jora-jabaradastI nhiiN| isa prakAra yahA~ anAvazyaka hiMsA ko mAnyatA bhI nahIM dI gii| islAma bala kA nahIM, zAnti kA dharma hai| 'islAma' zabda kA artha hai amana va slaamtii| yaha zAMti, surakSA pradAna karane vAlA dharma hai aura isameM kisI eka jAti yA sampradAya ke lie mArgadarzana nahIM, varan sakala mAnavajAti ke lie mArgadarzana hai| yahA~ raMgoM-nasla kA koI bhedabhAva nahIM / neka amala aura taqavA yA saMyama para yahA~ vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| neka karma, satkarma ko yahA~ vyApaka rUpa meM rekhAMkita kiyA gayA hai / kuraAna meM pharamAyA gayA hai "nekI yaha nahIM hai ki tumane apane mukha pUrva kI ora kara lie yA pazcima kI ora, varan nekI yaha hai ki manuSya allAha ko, qayAmata yA antima dina ko, fariztoM (devadUtoM) ko, allAha dvArA avatarita pustaka ko, aura usake paig2ambaroM ko hRdaya se-sacce mana se svIkAra kare aura allAha ke prema meM apanA priya dhana sambandhiyoM, anAthoM, yAcakoM, bhikSukoM para, sahAyatA ke lie hAtha phailAne 1-kurAna, alahaja, 77 Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ islAma dharma meM karma kA svarUpa ] [ 211 1 vAloM para aura dAsoM kI baMdhakoM kI mukti para kharca kare, namAz2a qAyama kare, jakAta ( vArSika lAbha kA 23 pratizata ) de / aura neka ve loga haiM jo praNa kareM, vAyadA kareM to use pUrNa kareM, aura taMgI evaM musIbata ke samaya meM, satya aura asatya ke saMgharSa meM sabra kreN| yaha hai satyavAdI loga, aura yahI loga muttaqI haiM, saMyamI haiM / " ! ' taqavA' kyA hai ? isa para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / kuraAna meM tavA karane vAle ko, saMyamI ko isa rUpa meM vyaMjita kiyA gayA hai - " jo zradRzya yA gaiba para vizvAsa karate haiM, ImAna lAte haiM, namAz2a kAyama karate haiM - niyamita rUpa meM namAz2a par3hate haiM, aura jo anna hamane unako diyA hai usameM se vyaya karate haiM, jo kitAba (kurAna ) tuma para utArI gaI hai aura jo kitAbeM tumase pahale utArI gaI haiM, una saba para ImAna lAte haiM aura Akhirata para vizvAsa karate haiM aise loga apane raba kI tarapha se sadmArga para haiM aura vahI puNya lAbha prApta karane vAle haiM / " 'sUre Ale- imarAna' meM faramAyA gayA hai - " jo pratyeka dazA meM apanA dhana kharca karate haiM; cAhe acchI dazA meM hoM yA cAhe durdazA meM hoM, jo krodha ko pI jAte haiM aura dUsaroM ke doSa kSamA kara dete haiM, aise neka loga allAha ko bahuta pasanda haiM aura jinakI dazA yaha hai ki yadi koI azlIla kArya unase ho jAye yA kisI gunAha ko karake apane Upara atyAcAra kara baiThate haiM to allAha unheM yAda AtA hai aura usase ve apane doSoM kI kSamA cAhate haiM aura allAha ke atirikta aura kauna hai jo gunAha kSamA kara sakatA hai ? aura vaha kabhI jAnabUjhakara apane kiye para Agraha nahIM karate / aise logoM kA pratyupakAra unake raba ke pAsa yaha hai ki vaha unheM kSamA kara degA aura aise upavanoM meM unheM dAkhila karegA, jinake nIce nahareM bahatI hoMgI aura vahA~ vaha sadaiva raheMge / " kyA acchA badalA hai neka, satkarma karane vAloM ke lie / islAma dharma meM karmoM ke svarUpa para do dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai (1) aise karma jinakA samAja se sambandha hai, unheM laukika karma kaha sakate haiM / manuSya paraspara anya manuSyoM se jo vyavahAra karatA hai ve karma isI zreNI meM aayeNge| (2) AdhyAtmika karma ve haiM jinakA saMbaMdha namAz2a, roz2A, haja aura z2akAta se hai / manuSya ko allAha ke atirikta kisI kI pUjA - ibAdata nahIM karanI cAhie, allAha ke atirikta koI ArAdhya nahIM, yaha islAma dharma kA pramukha siddhAnta hai aura isa para amala karanA pratyeka musalamAna kA karttavya hai / isI ko 1 - kuraAna : alabkara - 177 Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 212 ] [ karma siddhAnta 'tauhIda' kahate haiM aura isI meM islAma dharma kA mUlamaMtra ( kalamA) samAhita hai - "lA ilAhA illallAha muhammadurrasUlallAha / " prarthAt allAha ke sivAya koI pUjya nahIM - ibAdata ke yogya nahIM, muhammada allAha ke rasUla haiM - saMdeza - vAhaka haiM / jaba hama sAmAjika karmoM kI ora dhyAna dete haiM to nimna bAteM sAmane AtI haiM / inheM bhI allAha kA Adeza mAnanA cAhie ( 1 ) mAtA-pitA ke sAtha, sadvyavahAra karo; yadi tumhAre pAsa unameM se koI eka yA donoM vRddha hokara raheM to unheM ufa taka na kaho, na unheM jhir3aka kara uttara do, varan unase sAdara bAteM karo, namratA aura dayA ke sAtha unake sAmane jhuka kara raho aura duA karo - paravaradigAra ! una para dayA kRpA kara, jisa taraha pra ema, dayA, karuNA ke sAtha unhoMne merA pAlana-poSaNa kiyA hai / (2) apane sambandhiyoM ko, yAcakoM ko, anAthoM ko, dIna-nirdhana ko apanA haqa - adhikAra do / (3) mitavyayI bano, adhika yA faz2Ula vyaya karane vAle zaitAna ke bhAI haiM aura zaitAna ne apane paramAtmA kA ehasAna nahIM mAnA / (4) balAtkAra ke pAsa bhI na phaTako, yaha bahuta hI burA karma hai aura bahuta hI burA mArga hai / (5) anAtha ke mAla - sampatti ke pAsa mata jAo, eka uttama acchA mArga apanAo jaba taka ki vaha vayaskatA ko prApta na ho / (6) praNa yA vacana kI pAbandI karo, niHsaMdeha vacana ke bAre meM tumheM uttaradAyI honA par3egA / (7) pRthvI para akar3a kara mata calo, na tuma pRthvI ko vidIrNa kara sakate ho, na parvatoM kI uccatA taka pahu~ca sakate ho / (8) na to apanA hAtha garadana se bAMdha kara rakho aura na use bilkula hI khulA chor3a do ki bhartsanA, nindA, vivazatA kA zikAra bano / terA raba jisake lie cAhatA hai, rojI kA vistAra karatA hai aura jisake lie cAhatA hai| use sImita kara detA hai / ( 6 ) apanI santAna kI daridratA ke kAraNa hatyA na karo, allAha sabako anna dene vAlA hai, unakI hatyA eka bar3A aparAdha hai / (10) kisI ko nAhaqa qatla mata karo / Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ islAma dharma meM karma kA svarUpa ] [ 213 (11) kisI aisI vastu kA anukaraNa mata karo jisakA tumheM jJAna na ho / niHsaMdeha A~kha, nAka, kAna, hAtha, dila-saba kI pUcha-gacha honI hai|| (12) majadUra kI majadUrI usakA zrama sUkhane se pahale de do| (13) apane naukara ke sAtha samAnatA kA vyavahAra karo; jo svayaM khAmo vahI use khilAyo, jaisA svayaM pahano vaisA use bhI phnaao| (14) nApa kara do to pUrA bhara kara do, tola kara do to pUrA, ThIka tarAjU se tola kara do| (15) amAnata meM khiyAnata-beImAnI mata kro| kurAna meM kahA gayA hai mana amilA sAlihana mina z2ikarina ava unsA va huvA muminuna falA nuhayIyannAhU hayAtana tyyib|| valA najaz2iyannAhuma ajarAhuma biahasani mAkAnU yasamAlUna / ' ___ arthAt vyakti jo neka amala karegA cAhe vaha strI ho yA puruSa, bazarte ki ho vaha momina (ImAna, vizvAsa rakhane vAlA) use hama saMsAra meM pavitra jIvana vyatIta karAyeMge aura Akhirata meM-paraloka meM aise logoM ko unake uttama karmoM ke anusAra pratyupakAra yA pratiphala pradAna kiyA jaayegaa| 'sUre kahafa' meM aMkita hai-"innallajInA AmanU va amilussAlihAti innA lA nuz2Iu ajarAmana ahasanA amAlA"-jo ImAna lAyeM aura neka kAma kareM to niHsaMdeha hama satkarma karane vAloM ke phala naSTa nahIM kiyA krte| eka saccA musalamAna yaha AsthA rakhatA hai ki manuSya ko mukti prApta karane ke lie allAha ke nirdezana meM karma karanA cAhie; mukti kI prApti ke lie manuSya ko AsthA ke sAtha karmazIla rahanA hogaa| yaha AsthA aura karma donoM kA saMyoga Avazyaka hai / jIvana ko AsthAmaya banAnA hogA, binA AsthA ke karma aura binA karma ke AsthA bekAra hai| kevala karma, kevala AsthA kA prazraya lekara mukti prApta nahIM kI jA sakatI / islAma meM andhAnukaraNa ko pasaMda nahIM kiyA gyaa| ImAna ke pA~ca tattva haiM-(1) allAha (2) paig2ambaroM kI paramparA (3) dharma grantha (kuraAna, bAibila Adi) (4) devadUta (5) Akhirata yA paraloka / ina para vizvAsa, AsthA rakhane para hI eka vyakti musalamAna mAnA jA sakatA hai| 1-nahala 67 Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 214 ] [ karma siddhAnta jahA~ taka dhArmika yA AdhyAtmika karmoM kA sambandha hai unheM 'hakkullAha ' kahA jAtA hai / roz2A, namAz2a Adi inhIM meM sammilita haiM / islAma dharma ke anuyAyiyoM para yaha farja hai ki (1) ve dina meM pA~ca samaya namAz2a adA kareM, (2) sAla meM eka mahIne taka ( ramaz2Ana ke mahIne meM hI) roz2A rakheM, (3) artha - sampanna hoM to jIvana meM eka bAra avazya 'haja' kareM, (4) apanI vArSika Aya kA 23 pratizata dAna kreN| ina Avazyaka karmoM ke dvArA AdhyAtmika uddezyoM kI prApti ho jAtI hai / ye islAma ke cAra pramukha karma-stambha haiM / 1 khudA hamArI namAz2a kA bhUkhA nahIM, namAz2a ke dvArA manuSya ke jIvana meM, vyavahAra meM parivartana honA Avazyaka hai / namAz2a dvArA nimna bAteM jIvana meM AnI cAhie - ( 1 ) isake dvArA allAha ke astitva aura usake guNoM ke viSaya meM manuSya kI AsthA dRr3ha hotI hai / AsthA prANoM meM ghulamila jAtI hai, AtmA kA eka aMga bana jAtI hai / (2) namAz2a ImAna ko jIvita, tAjA rakhatI hai / (3) isake dvArA manuSya kI mahAnatA, uccAcaraNa, zreSThatA, sadAcAra kA vikAsa, sauMdarya kI tathA prakRti kI AzA- umaMgoM ko pUrA karane meM manuSya ko sahAyatA karatI hai / ( 4 ) namAz2a hRdaya ko pavitra karatI hai, buddhi kA vikAsa karatI hai, antarAtmA ko saceta tathA jIvita rakhatI hai, AtmA ko zAnti prApta hotI hai / (5) namAz2a ke dvArA manuSya kI acchAiyA~ prakaTa hotI haiM aura azubha, apavitra bAteM samApta ho jAtI haiM / roz2A manuSya ko allAha se prema karanA sikhAtA hai kyoMki roz2A kevala allAha kI khuzanUdI - - prasannatA ke lie rakhA jAtA hai / isake dvArA allAha kI sannikaTatA kA anubhava hotA hai / yaha manuSya kI AtmA ko pavitratA pradAna karatA hai, use saMtulita jIvana vyatIta karane kA pATha sikhAtA hai, sabra-santoSa tathA niHsvArthatA kA bhAva utpanna karatA hai / icchAoM kA, indriyoM kA damana karanA, unheM niyaMtrita karanA AtA hai| bhUkha-pyAsa kI anubhUti se sahAnubhUti, dayA, karuNA ke bhAva manuSya meM utpanna hote haiM / isake dvArA manuSya anuzAsanamaya jIvana vyatIta karatA hai, sAmAjikatA kI bhAvanA utpanna hotI hai / 'jakAta' islAma kA pramukha stambha hai / isa zabda kA bhAva to 'pAvanatA' hai, lekina vyavahAra meM vArSika dAna - - cAhe rupayoM-paisoM ke rUpa meM ho, cAhe vastuoM ke--padArthoM ke rUpa meM ho, g2arIboM ko denA hai / lekina isameM dAnazIlatA ke sAtha khudA-prema, AdhyAtmika uddezya, naitika bhAvanA bhI zAkila hai / yaha svecchA se diyA jAtA hai, koI sarakArI dabAva nahIM jaise Ayakara meM hai / mAnava-prema kI yaha eka saccI abhivyakti hai / vArSika prAya kA kama se kama DhAI pratizata dAna denA, khairAta karanA anivArya hai / z2akAta haqadAra ko denI cAhie - jisake pAsa apanI AvazyakatAoM ko pUrA karane ke lie kucha bhI na ho / anAtha, vikalAMga Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ islAma dharma meM karma kA svarUpa ] [ 215 ko z2akAta dene meM prAthamikatA denI caahie| z2akAta dene meM garva yA pradarzana nahIM karanA caahie| 'haja' islAma kA aMtima pramukha stambha hai / haja pratyeka musalamAna strIpuruSa para farja hai jisake pAsa Arthika, zArIrika, mAnasika sampannatA-samarthatA hai| ise islAma dharma kA sarvottama aura mahAna sammelana samajhanA cAhie. amana va zAnti kI antarrASTrIya kAnphrensa hai| isake dvArA islAma kA sArvabhauma svarUpa ubhara kara sAmane AtA hai / mAnava-prema kA, samAnatA kA, vizva-bandhutA kA isase uttama rUpa anyatra nahIM miltaa| haja ke dvArA makkA, madInA Adi kI yAtrA karake hAjI loga usa yuga kA bhI smaraNa karate haiM jisa yuga meM haz2arata ibrAhIma ne makkA kA nirmANa kiyA thA / paig2ambara muhammada sAhaba ne jIvana vyatIta kiyA thA, sakala samAja meM AdhyAtmikatA kI jyoti jalAI thii| ___ islAma dharma ke anusAra manuSya ko apane karma karane meM pUrNa svatantratA hai, use mArga darzAyA gayA hai, allAha kI kitAba kuraAna ke dvArA aura paig2ambara muhammada sAhaba ke jIvana ke dvaaraa| use acche-bure kI saz2A avazya milegii| khudA kI ora se niyukta farizte usake pratyeka karma kA lekhA-jokhA darja karate rahate haiM aura qayAmata ke dina, yome-mahazara meM usake karmoM kA vivaraNa'emAlanAmA' usake hAtha meM hogA aura tadanusAra use svarga, naraka meM DAlA jAyagA; use karmoM kA pUrA-pUrA badalA diyA jaaygaa| yaha avazya smaraNIya hai ki yadi koI apane kie para pazcAttApa kare, kSamA mAMge aura vaisA gunAha na kare to allAha use kSamA kara detA hai kyoMki vaha 'rahIma' aura 'rahamAna' hai, vaha dayAnidhi hai, kRpAsAgara hai| yoM allAha sarvazaktimAna hai, usakI icchA ke binA pattA bhI nahIM hila sktaa| manuSya ko apane-Apako allAha ke adhIna samajhakara usakI khuzanUdI ke lie karma karane cAhie aura usa manuSya ko sarvazreSTha manuSya kuraAna va islAma kI dRSTi meM samajhA jAyagA jisake karma uttama haiM, jisakA AcaraNa zreSTha hai / "innalAhA lA yugaiyirumA bi qaumina hattA yugaiyiru mA bi anaphusihima / ' niHsaMdeha allAha kisI jAti kI dazA ko usa samaya taka parivartita nahIM karatA jaba taka ki vaha apanI dazA ko nahIM parivartita krtii| 000 1-kurAna, araMprada (13, 11) Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only