Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ IzvaravAda tathA avatAravAda 323 IzvaravAda tathA avatAravAda * zrI saubhAgyamala jaina, eDavokeTa ( zujAlapura ) bhAratIya dArzanika kSetra meM Izvara ke astitva yA anastitva kA prazna bahucarcita rahA hai / manuSya meM jaba se vaicArika kSamatA huI taba hI se yaha prazna usake mastiSka meM ghUmA / Izvara saMbaMdhI praznoM para vicAra karane ke pUrva Izvara se kyA tAtparya hai isa para UhApoha Avazyaka hai / Izvara, bhagavAna, paramAtmA, paramezvara, prabhu, svAmI Adi paryAyavAcI zabda rahe hai / Izvara zabda meM aizvarya kA bhAva nihita hai| aizvarya sampanna ko bhagavAna kahA gayA hai| viSNu purANa meM eka sthAna para bhagavAna zabda kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai: aizvaryasya, samagrasya dharmasya, yazasaH zriyaH / jJAnavairAgyayozcaiva SaNNAM bhaga itIriNA // sampUrNa aizvarya, dharma, yaza, zrI, jJAna, vairAgya isa prakAra chaha jIvana vyApI tatvoM kA samAveza jisameM ho use bhagavAna kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra bhautika sampadA sampanna vyakti ko sAhabe jAyadAda kahA jAtA hai usI prakAra AdhyAtmika sampadA ke svAmI ko Izvara ( sAhabe ausApha) kahA jAtA hai / dhArmika mAnyatAoM meM Izvara saMbaMdhI vivecana meM paraspara bhinnatA itanI hai ki jisake kAraNa Izvara kA prazna durUha ho gyaa| kisI ke matAnusAra Izvara sRSTi kA karttA, harttA, niyAmaka, kisI ke matAnusAra vaha prANiyoM kA bhale-bure karmoM kA phala pradAtA ( puraskarttA yA daNDa pradAtA ) mAnA gayA; kisI ke nikaTa vaha kevala dRSTA rahA; viSNu sahasranAma meM kahA gayA hai utpati pralayaM caiva bhUtAnAM agata gatim / 2 deti vidyA avidyA ca savAcyo bhagavAn (vi0sa0 6578) uparokta zloka meM bhagavAna ko sRSTi ke utpatti, nAza kA jAnane vAlA, saba prANiyoM kI gati, agati ko jAnane vAlA, vidyA avidyA ko jAnane vAlA batalAyA hai / islAma ne to allA ko sRSTi nirmAtA tathA saba prANiyoM ko unake neka tathA bada kAryoM ke lie puraskartA tathA daNDadAtA ke rUpa meM mAnyatA dii| kahA jAtA hai ki yome hisAba ( Apha jajamenTa) ke dina allAha unake karmAnusAra vati tathA dojala meM bhejegA tAtparya yaha hai ki dArzanika kSetra meM Izvara kA prazna bahurUpitA kA rahA hai| eka urdU ke zAyara ne isI kAraNa likhA thA ki 1 phalasaphA kI bahasa se bhI to, khudA daure to sulajhA rahA hU~, para sirA milatA nahIM / milatA nahIM // lekhaka ke yathAsaMbhava adhyayana ke anusAra jainadarzana meM Izvara zabda bahu pracalita nahIM rahA / bhagavAna, paramAtmA Adi vyavahRta rahe haiM / lekhaka ke matAnusAra, paramAtmA zabda adhika arthapUrNa hai / jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka prANadhArI meM paramAtmatva prApta karane kI kSamatA Potentiality vartamAna hai| jisa kSaNa prANI apane samasta kArmaNa vargaNAoM ko nAza kara detA hai, usakA paramAtmatva pragaTa ho jAtA hai jainadarzana meM pratyeka prANI utanA hI zuddha, buddha, pavitra hai ki jitanA paramAtmA / jainadarzana ke anusAra saMsAra dazA meM jIva (AtmA) para karmoM kA AvaraNa hai| yaha AvaraNa dUra hote hI vaha paramAtmA ho jAtA hai| yaha paramAtmatva kahIM bAhara se Akara use prApta nahIM hotA, apitu svayaM kI supta jyoti se hI vaha pragaTa hotA hai| jainadarzana meM prANI ke vikAsa ( guNa vikAsa) evolution kI mAnyatA ko guNasthAna kahA gayA hai / 13veM guNasthAna para vaha 4 karma (ghAtiyA karmoM) ke AvaraNa se mukta hokara kevala jJAna pragaTa karatA hai tathA
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 324 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa DA. indracandra prAkRtika zaktiyA una ajJAta prAkRti 14veM guNasthAna meM vaha jIvana mukta ho jAtA hai| vahI paramAtmA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jainadarzana meM uparokta rIti se varNita Izvara (sRSTi kartA, hartA yA pratipAlaka ke rUpa meM yA majisTreTa yA sAkSI ke rUpa meM) mAnya nahIM rahA / Izvara kA prazna eka dArzanika prazna hai| dharma se usakA vizeSa sambandha nahIM hai| Izvara ke astitva se inkAra karane vAlA vyakti bhI dhArmika ho sakatA hai / yadi usameM mAnavocita satya, ahiMsA Adi guNa vidyamAna haiM / aura eka Izvara astitva kA hAmI bhI adhArmika ho sakatA hai yadi usameM mAnavocita guNa na ho, kintu Izvara sambandhI mAnyatA kA prazna dharma se atyanta saMlagna ho gayA hai / eka pAzcAtya vicAraka ne likhA hai ki It is one of the identical fact of psychology that the average man can little exist of religious element of some kind as fish our of the water. (In. Bravataky's Isis, vol. 21-25) zramaNa-paramparA kI eka anya zAkhA bauddhadharma ke sambandha meM bhI kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki tathAgata buddha ne Izvara sambandhI mAnyatA kA nirapekSa inkAra nahIM kiyA apitu Izvara ke nAma para pracalita mAgyavAda kA pratiSedha kiyA thaa| unhoMne mAnavasvabhAva ko dhyAna meM rakhakara eka sthAna para kahA thA ki "bhikSuo! yadi prANI Izvara nirmANa ke kAraNa sukha-duHkha bhogate haiM to avazya tathAgata acche Izvara dvArA nirmita haiN|" vAstava meM dekhA jAve to Izvara sambandhI vicAra mAnava kI vaicArika zakti ke kAraNa hI hai| jisa prakAra manuSya meM kisI bhI prazna ke sambandha meM kyoM ? kaise ? kahA~ ? kaba ?........Adi upa-prazna uThate haiM usI prakAra jaba manuSya ne sRSTi meM sUrya, candra, AkAza, Adi dekhe, devI vipatti dekhI, usa samaya mAnava ke mana meM jijJAsA utpanna huI / kahA jAtA hai ki darzana-zAstra ke mUla meM jijJAsA hI hotI hai / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki usa samaya vaijJAnika AviSkAra nahIM the| prakRti ke rahasyoM se vaha paricita nahIM thA isa kAraNa usane una ajJAta prAkRtika zaktiyoM (upakAraka, sahAyatAdAtA yA bhayAnaka) meM devatva kI kalpanA kii| prAkRtika zaktiyoM meM devatva kA AropaNa mAnava ke sahaja vizvAsa kA kAraNa rhaa| prasiddha vidvAna DA0 indracandra zAstrI ema. e. pI. eca-DI. ne apane eka lekha "bhAratIya saMskRti prAgvaidika tathA vaidika" meM yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai ki Rgveda saMhitA meM dharma kA jo rUpa milatA hai use "prakRti pUjA" kahA jA sakatA hai| yahIM se daivatAvAda kA prArambha huaa| isa vizvAsa kI do pratikriyA huI (1) unake prakopa ko zAnta karane yA unako apanA sahAyaka banAne ke lie anuSThAna prArambha hue jo bAda meM yajJa ke rUpa meM parivartita hue / dUsarI ora una devatAoM ke svarUpa zakti ke sambandha meM vicAra prArambha huA / Rgveda ke prAcIna bhAga meM devatAoM kA pRthakpRthak vyaktitva milatA hai| magara 10veM maNDala meM eka hI sArvabhauma sattA ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA gayA vaidika devatA meM agni, sauma / pRthvI Adi ko pRthivI sthAnIya, indra, rudra, vAyu ko antarikSa sthAnIya tathA varuNa, mitra, unasa, sUrya Adi ko dhu sthAnIya mAne gaye jaise-jaise mAnava kI vaicArika kSamatA bar3hI usane eka brahma kI kalpanA kI, upaniSada kAla meM jAkara hama dekhate haiM ki jagata ke mUlAdhAra eka brahma ko hI mAnyatA milii| samasta prANi jagata usI kA pratirUpa hai| kevala brahma ko hI satya mAnA gyaa| upaniSadoM meM sAre vizva ko tadrapa mAna liyA gyaa| isa prakAra bahudevatAvAda bhI Age jAkara ekaIzvaravAda ho gyaa| pro0 meksamUlara ne isa prakAra ke vikAsa ko cAra avasthAoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| vedAnta meM aneka sampradAya dvaitavAda, advaitavAda Adi, haiM kintu vedAnta kA sabase prasiddha sampradAya advaitavAda (AcArya zaMkara) hai / vAdarAyaNa ke vedAnta sUtra kA prArambha hI 'athAto brahma jijJAsA" se hotA hai / islAma ne bahuta balapUrvaka 'aikezvaravAda' kA prarUpaNa kiyA hai / islAma kA kalamA "lA ilAhA illilAha muhammada rasUlullAha" (eka Izvara ke atirikta koI nahIM hai tathA hajarata muhammada usake rasUla, paigambara haiM) / islAma kA AvirbhAva 15vIM zatI meM huaa| kintu sUphI vicAradhArA vedAnta ke advaitavAda se adhika prabhAvita rahI hai| usameM bhI Izvara ke atirikta koI anya kA sadbhAva nahIM mAnA jaataa| kahA gayA hai mahabUba merA mujha meM hai mujha ko khabara nahIM / aisA chapA hai parde meM ki, AtA najara nahIM / sUphI santa IzvarIya prakAza mAnava ke antaratama meM hI mAnakara kahate haiM dila ke Aine meM hai, tasavIre yAra jaba jarA gardana jhukAI, dekhlii| Izvara ko sarvavyApI bhI batAyA-jidhara dekhatA hU~ udhara tU hI tU hai| tAtparya ki yaha suphI santoM ke nikaTa upaniSadakAlIna brahma ke jaisI advaitavAdI vicAradhArA rhii| svAmI premAnanda ne usI Izvara ke vicAroM meM tallIna hokara kahA thAH
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ IzvaravAda tathA avatAravAda 325 SESSISTS 44 44 M+S++ 10+ kisI kA rAma kAzI meM, kisI kA hai madIne meM kisI kA jana, jamIM jara meM kisI kA khAne pIne meM koI kahatA 'gayA' meM hai, kisI kA yorezalama meM hai / premAnanda rAma apanA yA to harajAM hai, yA sIne meM hai / - masta santa premAnanda ne vibhinna dhArmika mAnyatAoM meM vihita pavitra sthAnoM ko ginAte hue yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai ki merA rAma (dazaratha putra nahIM apitu parama brahma yA to sarvavyApI hai yA mere hRdaya meM hai| bhAratIya dArzanika paramparA meM SaTdarzana mAne jAte haiM hAlAMki unakI gaNanA meM vicArakoM meM matabheda rahA hai / kisI ne aisI dArzanika paramparA ko SaTdarzana meM mAnyatA dI jo ki veda pramANa mAnakara calatI hai| una vicArakoM ne veda pramANa na mAnane vAle jaina, bauddha, cArvAka darzana ko padarzana ke antargata nahIM maanaa| baharahAla nyAyadarzana ke sambandha meM kahA jAtA hai ki nyAyadarzana ke bhASyakAra vAtsyAyana ne Izvara kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki nyAyadarzana kA sambandha zaivamata ke sAtha hai, jo jagata kA niyAmaka Izvara mAnA jAtA hai| vaizeSikadarzana meM Izvara ko jagata kA nimitta kAraNa batAyA jAtA hai / pUrvamImAMsAdarzana kA sambandha to kevala veda vihita yajJoM ke karmakANDa se hai / isa kAraNa vaidika devatAoM ko prasanna karane yA unako sahAyaka banAne ke liye yajJa kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai / vedAntadarzana ke sambandha meM pahale vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai / vahA~ para to nimna mahAvAkya patha-pradarzana karate haiM jo bhAratIya dArzanika kSetra meM mAnava ko prakAza stambha kA kArya dete haiM / 1. ekamevAdvitIya 2. tatvamasi -- isa vAkya meM guru ziSya ko kahatA hai ki tU hI vaha hai / yaha eka vizeSa bAta hai ki sAMkhyadarzana (jise pahalI vicAradhArA ke anusAra bhI darzana meM gaNanA kI jAtI rahI hai ) meM Izvara ke saMbaMdha meM nizcita dhAraNA nahIM hai| yaha to bilkula spaSTa hai ki sAMkhyadarzana meM sRSTi ke niyAmaka ke rUpa meM kisI Izvara kI kalpanA nahIM hai / kArya-kAraNa ke AdhAra para sRSTi kI utpatti, niyamana hotA hai / do tatva ( 1 ) puruSa aura (2) prakRti mAne gaye / sAMkhyapravacana meM to "IzvarAsiddhaH" kahA gayA hai yAnI kisI pramANa se Izvara kI sattA siddha nahIM hai / yaha bilkula spaSTa hai ki sAMkhyadarzana veda pramANa nahIM mAnatA, apitu usakI mAnyatA jainadarzana ke adhika nikaTa hai / yogadarzana meM bhI mAnasika ekAgratA ke liye Izvara ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, sRSTi ke karttA ke rUpa meM nahIM / isI AdhAra para yogadarzana ko 'sezvarasAMkhya' bhI kahA jAtA hai / uparokta vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bhAratIya dArzanika paramparA meM cArvAkadarzana ko chor3akara lagabhaga saba darzana Izvara ke astitva meM vizvAsa karate haiN| yaha bilkula satya hai ki Izvara ke svarUpa, Adi bAtoM meM paraspara bhinnatA itanI vizAla hai ki jisake kAraNa kabhI-kabhI vicAraka jaina, bauddha, sAMkhyadarzana ko nirIzvaravAdI mAna liyA jAtA hai| yadi gaharAI se vicAra kare to zuddha rUpa se kevala cArvAka darzana hI nirIzvaravAdI darzana hai zeSa kisI na kisI rUpa meM Izvara ke astitva ko mAnate haiM / yaha eka tathya hai ki adhikatara dharmAcArya eziyA meM hI utpanna hue; kucha ke nikaTa Izvara nirAkAra, kucha ke nikaTa Izvara sAkAra thaa| gAMdhIvAdI suprasiddha vicAraka kAkA kAlelakara ne apane eka lekha 'dasa avatAroM kI kalpanA tathA vikAsavAda' meM yaha mata pratipAdita kiyA hai ki hindUdharma ke do vibhAga spaSTa haiM-- eka vedAntI hindUdharmaM tathA dUsarA paurANika hindUdharma / hAlAMki mAnyatAbheda ke bAda bhI ekadUsare ko donoM sahana karate haiM / " eka brahma ke bAda vizva kI tIna zakti kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai --- (1) brahmA, (2) viSNu, (3) maheza / jahA~ taka lekhaka kI alpa mAhitI hai brahmA utpatti kA viSNu pratipAlaka kA, maheza nAza kA pratIka hai / yahI tIna zaktiyA~ vizva kA saMcAlana karatI haiN| jainadarzana meM tripadI kA mahatva hai / utpatti, zrIvya, vinAza / mAnyatA yaha hai ki tIrthaMkara apane pramukha ziSya (jinheM gaNadhara kahA jAtA hai) ko isI tripadI kA jJAna pradAna karate haiM tathA yaha dvAdazAMgI (12 pramukha zAstra) kA nirmANa karate haiN| kevala yahI nahIM krizcayAniTI meM bhI trinaTI ke siddhAnta kI carcA prApta hai / " "avatAra" zabda ke saMbaMdha meM DA0 kapiladeva pANDe ne apane zodha-prabandha ( " madhya kAlIna sAhitya meM avatAravAda" kI pIThikA) meM vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai| itanI vistRta carcA yahA~ apekSita nahIM hai| sAdhAraNatayA bhAratIya dhArmika jagata meM "avatAra" zabda ke sAtha " uttAra" zabda bhI vyavahRta hai / vaidika tathA paurANika jagata meM avatAra tathA zramaNa paramparA ye uttAra zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / "avatAra" zabda sAmAnya utpatti yA janma ke artha meM nahIM liyA jAtA ataH viSNu yA ajanmA Izvara ke janma yA utpatti ko hI avatAra kahA jAtA hai| prArambhika +++ 0 O O
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 0 0 326 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa avatAravAda kA saMbaMdha mukhya rUpa se viSNu se hI liyA jAtA rahA, kintu viSNu ke prayojana sahita janma kA vRttAnta vaidika sAhitya meM virala hai| phira bhI jina upAdAnoM se mahAkAvya evaM paurANika viSNu tathA unake avatAra kA vikAsa huA hai adhikAMza meM indra tathA prajApati se adhika sambandhita rahA hai| kAlAntara meM viSNu ko sarvazreSTha mAnakara saba una para Aropita ho gyaa| avatAravAda ke mukhya prayojana meM rakSA mukhya thA / asuroM se yuddha ke liye bala parAkrama kI AvazyakatA thI / vaha vaidika viSNu meM thI / unheM indra kA sakhA bhI batAyA gayA tathA vibhinna vaidika RcAoM meM unakI stuti kI gii|" bhAratIya madhyakAlIna sAhitya meM avatAra kI jo carcA milatI hai usakA prArambhika paricaya mahAbhArata evaM purANoM meM milatA hai| mahAbhArata ke "nArAyaNIyopAkhyAna" meM nyUna antara ke sAtha 4, 6, 10 ke krama meM avatAroM kI tIna sUcI prApta haiN| zrI bhANDArakara ne isa upAkhyAna ke vizleSaNa meM upalabdha varAha, nRsiMha, vAmana, parazurAma, rAma dazarathI tathA kRSNa inake avatAroM ko prathama sUcI meM zAmila kiyA hai, phira se, kUrma, matsya tathA kalki ko milA kara dUsarI sUcI 10 kI banAI hai'| viSNu purANa meM dazAvatAra kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA / kintu agni, varAha Adi paravartI purANoM meM matsya, kUrma, varAha, nRsiMha, vAmana, parazurAma, rAma, kRSNa, buddha, balki yaha krama milatA hai / " nirguNa tathA nirAkAra Izvara ke upAsaka santa bhaktoM ke padoM meM kahIM-kahIM dazAvatAra kA prAsaMgika jikra milatA hai| hAlAMki isa varga ke sabhI santa avatAravAda ke sAtha hI dazAvatAra ke Alocaka rahe haiN| kucha santa aise hue haiM ki jinhoMne saguNopAsaka santoM kI bhA~ti dazAvatAra kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| kSetra kI dRSTi se mahArASTra tathA baMgAla ke santoM ne dazAvatAra kI carcA kI hai| nirguNa santa kabIra ne apane "kabIra bIjaka" meM saMgrahIta eka pada meM kahA hai ki "jo avatarita hokara lupta ho jAte haiM, ve Izvara ke avatAra nahIM haiM, apitu yaha saba mAyA kA kArya hai / " kabIra vacanAvalI meM kahA gayA hai ki ye dazAvatAra niraMjana kahe jAne para bhI apane nahIM ho sakate kyoMki inhoMne bhI sAdhAraNa manuSyoM kI taraha apanI-apanI karanI kA phala bhogA hai| anya nirguNa santoM ne bhI dazAvatAra kI AlocanA kI hai| santa malUkadAsa ne to dazAvatAra ke mUla udgama ke sambandha meM hI sandeha vyakta kiyA hai| bar3e Azcarya se pUchate haiM ye dazAvatAra kahA~ se Ae ? kisane inakA nirmANa kiyA ? santa rajjava avatAra kI 10 tathA 24 saMkhyA dekhakara hI bhar3akate haiN| tathA aise ghanI kA smaraNa karate haiM jo saba kartA saranmaura hai" bauddha tathA jaina sAhitya meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara tathA 24 buddhoM kA jikra milatA hai| isI para se bhAgavata dharma meM bhI avatAra kI saMkhyA 24 mAnalI gii| phira bhI jainadarzana meM 24 tIrthaMkara kI vArtA jitanI rUr3ha hai utanI bauddha yA bhAgavata dharma meM nahIM milatI / bauddha tathA vaiSNava mata meM buddha kI vividha rUpoM tathA viSNu ke avatAroM kI saMkhyA sadaiva ekasI nahIM rahI hai / 2 dazAvatAra meM prathama matsyAvatAra (jala meM rahane vAlA), kUrmAvatAra (jo pAnI tathA bhUmi para cale, kachue ke paira hote hI haiN)| isake bAda pUrNa pazu varAha kA avatAra huaa| usake pazcAt nRsiMhAvatAra (jo AdhA pazu tathA AdhA mAnava), vAmana tathA usake bAda vANa se svayaM tathA para kI rakSA karane vAle rAma (jinhoMne rAvaNa ke viruddha anyAya kA pratikAra karane ke lie vANa calAye tathA maryAdA pUrvaka rAjya calAyA ), AThavA~ kRSNAvatAra (jinhoMne svayaM rAjya nahIM kiyA / kintu pANDavoM kI sahAyatA kI) / kAkA kAlelakara ne apane uparokta lekha meM yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai ki isake bAda hindU dharma kA vikAsakrama ruka gayA / lekhaka ke namra mata meM hamArI bhAratIya dArzanika sahiSNutA tathA hamAre vaicArika vaibhava kA yaha pariNAma rahA ki tathAgata buddha ko naveM avatAra ke rUpa meM apanA liyaa| jinhoMne thor3I ahiMsA claaii| kAkA sAhaba ne yaha mata bhI vyakta kiyA hai ki isake bAda pUrNa ahiMsaka samAja kI racanA ke lihAja se bhagavAna mahAvIra hone cAhie the kintu hindU dharma ne kalki avatAra ko 10vIM sthAna de diyaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki avatAravAda meM jo vikAsa krama thA vaha TUTa gyaa| phira bhI mAnava kI vikAsa kathA avatAravAda ke dvArA rUpaka tathA alaMkAra ke zabdoM meM prastuta huI, isameM zaMkA nahIM hai| sAtha hI kisI samaya khojA sampradAya ke pradhAna pIra sadara aladIna ne dazAvatAra nAma kI eka pustaka likhI hai jisameM 10 veM avatAra 'alI' ko batAyA hai| nau avatAra taka ko uparokta rIti se mAnakara 10vA~ avatAra 'alI' ghoSita karake vicitra samanvaya kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| 'pIrajAda' sampradAya meM viSNu ke dazAvatAra kI paramparA hai usameM dasavA~ 'niSkalaMka' ko parama deva ( bhAvI avatAra) mAnate haiN| tAtparya yaha haiM ki hindUdharma ke alAvA sUphI khojA Adi meM bhI dazAvatAra kI mAnyatA kA pracalana thA / 13 idhara bhAgavata dharma meM jaina tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ko veM avatAra ke rUpa meM apanAyA gayA tathA unakI parama yogI Adi vizeSaNoM se prazaMsA kI gaI hai| yaha kitanA prazaMsanIya samanvayAtmaka AdAna-pradAna rahA ki jainadharma ne rAma tathA kRSNa ko apane yahA~ triSaSTizalAkA puruSoM meM sthAna dekara unheM balabhadravAsudeva ghoSita kiyA / 63 zalAkA puruSoM kA jainadharma meM atyanta Adara ke sAtha nAma liyA jAtA hai| bhAgavata purANa meM avatAroM kI saMkhyA 24 mAna
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ IzvaravAda tathA avatAravAda 327. olo lI gaI hai jaisA ki ullekha kiyA gayA hai isa saMkhyA vRddhi meM jaina-bauddha paramparA kA prabhAva jJAta hotA hai / bauddha paramparA meM 24 atIta buddha tathA jaina paramparA meM 24 tIrthaMkara mAnya kiye gaye haiN| bauddha jAtakoM meM bhagavAna rAma kA punaravatAra bhavagAna buddha ko mAna liyA gayA tathA kalki ke sthAna para bhAvI avatAra "maitreyabuddha" hone kI ghoSaNA kI gaI hai / 14 jaina paramparA ke "avatAra" zabda ke sthAna para guNoM ke AdhAra para mAnava ke vikAsa ke sAtha hI kaivalya prakaTa hone tathA siddha-buddha hone kI bAta mAnya kI gaI hai ise hI "uttAravAda" mAnA gayA hai / moTe taura para maulika dRSTi se dekhA jAve to jaina paramparA ke anusAra islAma meM bhI avatAra kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| IsAI dharma meM to IsA ko Izvaraputra mAnA gayA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka dhArmika paramparA meM avatAra kI kalpanA rahI hai cAhe unake svarUpa meM mata bhinnatA ho, usa prazna ke approach meM bhinnatA ho| yaha satya hai ki kucha AcAryoM ne avatAra meM aMza, kalA, vibhUti kA pariNAma bhI nizcita kiyA jaise kRSNa ko pUrNAvatAra mAnA jAtA hai| rAma ko maryAdA puruSottama kahA jAtA hai| avatAra svayaM brahma kI pratIkAtmaka sthiti hai| manovaijJAnika logoM kA yaha vizvAsa rahA hai ki manuSya samudAya prAcIna kAla ke kisI ati ucca yA sarvocca mAnava kI prabhutA meM vizvAsa rakhatA thA ise (superman) yA puruSottama kahA jA sakatA hai| phrAyaDa (jo prasiddha manovaijJAnika huA hai) ne apanI eka pustaka meM yaha mata rakhA hai ki aneka abhAva se pIr3ita mAnava ne sadaiva eka netA yA atimAnava kI kalpanA kI hai| prArambha meM avatAra do yA do se adhika bhUgarbhIya yugoM ke saMdhikAla ke pratinidhi pratIta hote haiN| thiyAsAphikala sosAyaTI kI sthApikA DA. ainIbIsenTa ne apanI eka pustaka meM-- 1 matsyayuga-silariyana eja 2 kUrma yuga-emphIviyana eja 3 varAha yuga-memeliyana eja 4 nRsiMha yuga-lemUriyana eja ko batAkara vAmana Adi avatAroM ko bhI mAnava sabhyatA ke vikAsa yugoM kA pratinidhi batAyA hai| eka anya vidvAna to vAmana avatAra ko bhI isI prakAra batAte hue parazurAma ko prArambhika manuSya yA zikArI yuga kA, rAma ko dhanuSadhArI mAkDamena, tathA kRSNa, buddha ko pariSkRta mAnava ke sUcaka batAtA hai / 15 vedAntadarzana ne ekamAtra satya brahma ko mAnate hue bhI pratItamAna vizva va nimna chaH tattva ko anAdi mAnA hai-(1) brahma, (2) Izvara, (3) jIva, (4) jIva tathA Izvara kA paraspara bheda, (5) avidyA, (6) avidyA tathA caitanya kA sambandha / kucha vicArakoM ne Izvara tathA paramezvara meM bhI antara nirUpaNa kiyA hai| paramezvara yAnI sarva tathA Izvara ko AtmA kI eka kriyA ke rUpa meM batAyA hai / isa artha meM paramezvara ko brahma kahA jA sakatA hai| mujhe smaraNa hai ki 1-2 varSa pUrva Illustrated weekly meM Modern Bhagwan of India zIrSaka kucha sAmagrI prakAzita huI thii| vaise jainadarzana ke nizcaya naya ke AdhAra para pratyeka prANI meM Izvaratva vartamAna hai, kintu vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se vaha karmamala se lipta hone ke kAraNa apane ko bhagavAn hone kA dAvA nahIM kara sktaa| yaha Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki ina tathAkathita bhagavAnoM ne kisa prakAra bholI janatA kA vizvAsa ajita kara Thagane kA jAla racA rakhA hai| mujhe urdU kA eka phikarA smaraNa AtA hai jaravAra ke palle meM zuharata, muphalisakA jahA~ meM nAma nahIM / kasarata hai khudAoM kI itanI, bande kA yahAM kucha kAma nahIM // vartamAna yuga meM artha prAdhAnya itanA ho gayA hai ki usake mukAbale meM saba zaktiyA~ nagaNya ho gaI haiM / isa kAraNa ukta phikare meM kavi kahatA hai ki prasiddhi bhI kevala dhanika kI ho rahI hai / abhAvagrasta kA isa saMsAra meM koI ThikAnA nahIM hai| isI prakAra tathAkathita bhagavAnoM kI bhI itanI adhikatA ho gaI hai ki yahA~ aba bande kA kAma nahIM yaha eka prasannatA kI bAta hai bhAratIya vicAradhArA meM paraspara bhinnatA hone para bhI samanvaya kA sUtra dArzanikoM kI dRSTi se ojhala nahIM ho paayaa| jaisA ki pahale ullekha kiyA gayA hai bhAratIya dArzanika vicAradhArA meM vaidika tathA avaidika paramparAoM ne paraspara kitanA AdAna-pradAna kiyA hai / isI kAraNa isa puNya bhUmi meM vaicArika vaibhava kI pracuratA rhii| isa vaibhava ke kAraNa hI dArzanika vidvAnoM ko tattvoM kI gaharAI taka jAne tathA vicAra karane kA
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 328 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa *Hanumaniramirmirmirmirmirmirmirmirrrrrr-.-.-mmam suavasara milA hai / jisa prakAra abhAratIya dharmoM meM jo rigidity rahI, vaicArika kSamatA para aMkuza lage yA bhinna vicAra ko jisa prakAra dabAyA gayA usa kAraNa se vahA~ dArzanika kSetra meM vaicArika saMkucitatA hI rahI / eka jaina AdhyAtmika yogI santa Anandadhana ne kyA sundara kahA thA rAma kaho, rahamAna kahe, koI kAnha kahe, mahAdeva rii| pArasanAtha kaho, koI brahmA, sakala brahma svayaMdeva rii| bhAjana bheda kahAvata nAnA, eka mRttikA rUpa rii| taise khaNDa kalpanA ropita, Apa akhaNDa svarUpa rii| nija-pava rame so rAma kahie, rahama kare rahamAna rii| kare karama kAnha so kahie, mahAdeva nirmANa rii| parase rUpa pArasa so kahie, brahma cinhe so brahma rii| isa vidhi sAdho, Apa Anandaghana, cetanamaya niSkarSa rii| 5 sandarbha sthala :1 debadahasutanta majjhima nikAya 3-1-1 2 hamArI paramparA-zrI viyogI hari, pRSTha 20 3 vahI, pRSTha 128 4. vahI, pRSTha 20 5 "maMgala prabhAta" sAptAhika dinAMka 1 / 3176 aMka 6 pUrva aura pazcima kucha vicAra-DA. rAdhAkRSNana, pRSTha 63 7 madhyakAlIna sAhitya meM avatAravAda-pIThikA, pRSTha 11-DA0 kapila deva pAMDe 8 vahI, pRSTha 11-12 6 vahI, pRSTha 141 10 vahI, pRSTha 141 11 vahI, pRSTha 148 12 vahI, pRSTha 24 13 vahI, pRSTha 276 14 vahI, pRSTha 470 15 vahI, pRSTha 662 00 No-o-puSkara vANI-o------0--0-0--0--0-0-0--0--0-0-0-------- 1 manuSya jaisA socatA rahatA hai, vaisA hI banatA hai| agara Apa dUsaroM ke ? doSoM aura burAiyoM kA cintana karate raheMge to ve doSa Adi Apake bhItara praviSTa ho jAyeMge / burAI socane vAlA svayaM burA bana jaayegaa| agara Apa kisI ke guNoM kA cintana kareMge to niHsaMdeha ve guNa Apake bhItara nivAsa karane lageMge / isIlie to kahA hai-doSa ko tyAgakara guNoM kA cintana kro| h-o--0--0-0--0--0--0-------------------------------------0-0-5