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________________ AcArya haribhadrasUri kA gRhasthAcAra 0 DaoN. puSpalatA jaina haribhadrasUri janmataH brAhmaNa para karmataH eka sahI zramaNa the / hastighaTanA ne unheM eka karmaTha jaina, bahuzruta prAcArya banA diyaa| unakA bahuzruta vyaktitva vaidika, bauddha aura jaina paramparA ke gahana adhyayana se aotaprota thaa| unake samUce sAhitya meM sabhI bhAratIya ciMtanaparamparAmoM ke paryApta ullekha milate haiN| itanA hI nahIM balki unakI samIkSA se unakI tAkika zakti kA bhI patA calatA hai| haribhadrasUri kA samaya bhale hI vivAdagrasta mAnA jAe para unheM hama pAThavIM-navamI zatAbdI kA vidvAn to mAna hI sakate haiM / hama yaha jAnate haiM ki yaha samaya bauddha yuga kA utArakAla thaa| jaina manISiyoM kA gaMbhIra pAMDitya hrAsa kI ora jAne lagA thaa| cAritra kI bhI yahI sthiti thii| jaina AcAra aura samAjavyavasthA para vaidika prAcAra aura samAja-vyavasthA hAvI hone lagI thI aura adhikAMza vaidika kriyAoM kA jainIkaraNa kiyA jAne lagA thaa| jainAcAryoM ne aisI sthiti se samAja ko kiMvA dhArmika prAcAra ko bacAne kA prayatna avazya kiyA para tAtkAlIna rAjanItika paristhitivaza ve aisA nahIM kara sake / phalataH jainAcAryoM ko vaidika AcAra saMhitA kI ora mur3anA pdd'aa| yaha eka acchI bAta rahI ki isa mor3a meM unhoMne jainAcAra ke mUlarUpa ko kabhI nahIM chodd'aa| yaha tathya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM se bhI udghATita hotA hai| prAcArya haribhadrasari kI grantha-sampadA itanI samaddha hai ki eka to ve sAre ke sAre upalabdha nahIM ho pAte aura yadi upalabdha ho bhI jAe~ to eka lekha meM unakA samUcA upayoga kiyA jAnA saMbhava nahIM hogaa| zrAvakAcAra se sambaddha unakI kRtiyoM meM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM-paMcasUtraka (TIkA), paMcanipaMThI (?), paMcavatthuga, sAvayadhammavihi pakaraNa (?) paMcAsaga, dharmastaraM, sAvayadhammataMta, dharmabindu aura llitvistraa| inameM se mere sAmane aMtima do hI graMtha haiM isalie prastuta nibaMdha ina donoM hI ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai| zrAvakAcAra anagAracAra ke lie eka AdhArazilA hotI hai| anagAra ke vrata-tapa Adi prAcAra kI prakriyA gRhasthAvasthA meM hI prAraMbha ho jAtI hai, ataH isa avasthA kA uttaradAyitva zrAvakAcAra ke prati vizeSa bar3ha jAtA hai| zrAvaka ke lie gRhastha, upAsaka aura aNavratI ina tIna zabdoM kA prayoga adhika hotA hai / ye sabhI zabda zrAvaka kI sImA ko iMgita karate haiN| prAcArya umAsvAti ne zrAvaka use mAnA hai jo samyaga-dRSTi sAdhuoM ke pAsa utkRSTa samAcArI zravaNa karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka hai| haribhadrasUri ne zrAvaka kI apekSA gRhastha zabda kA upayoga adhika anukUla mAnA aura use hI sAmAnya aura vizeSa bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyaa| ko dIvo
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 308 dharmabindu ke prArambha meM hI zrAvaka dharma ko uparyukta rUpa meM vibhAjita kara sAmAnya dharma nirdeza isa prakAra kiyA hai (1) kula paramparAnusAra dhaniya prAcaraNapUrvaka nyAyAnusAra dravyArjana krnaa| prAcArya isa bindu para sarvAdhika bala diyA hai / yaha tathya hai ki samRddhi hone para do prakAra kI zaMkAya~ janma letI haiN| eka to bhoktA para saMdeha prakaTa hotA hai aura dUsarA bhogya para ina donoM zaMkAoM para saMdehoM se bacane ke lie nyAyopArjana sarvAdhika upayukta sAdhana hai jaise meMDhaka kue kI ora aura pakSI sarovara kI ora svataH prabhimukha hote haiM vaise hI zubhakarma aura nyAyopArjana karane vAloM kI prora lakSmI parAdhIna kI taraha daur3a par3atI hai / yaha pravRtti ihaloka aura paraloka ke lie sukhadAyI hotI hai anyAyapUrvaka sampatti kA varjana ekAMtataH sukhadAyI nahIM hotA / haribhadrasUri ke uttaravartI lagabhaga sabhI zrAvakAcAroM meM nyAyamArgIya vRtti para adhika bala diyA gayA hai / jinezvara sUri kA SaTsthAna prakaraNa tathA ratnazekhara sUri kI zrAddhavidhi kA vizeSa ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai| digambara paramparA ke prAcAryoM ne bhI ise zrAvaka kA prathama kartavya mAnA hai| paM0 zrAzAvara ne dhAvaka dharma ke yogya pAtroM kI guru zrRMkhalA meM nyAyopArjana ko sarvaprathama sthAna diyA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki haribhadrasUri kAlIna jaina samAja anyAyapUrvaka dravyArjana karane lagA hogaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki prAcArya ko dhAvaka ke guNoM aura vratoM meM nyAyopArjana vRtti ko samAviSTa kara bAra-bAra use smaraNa karanA pdd'aa| (2) AcArya ne sAmAnya dharma kI zreNi meM dUsarA krama samAna kula, zIla vAle bhinna gotrI ke sAtha vivAha ko diyA hai| unakI dRSTi meM isase pArasparika prIti aura sneha banA rahatA hai, choTe-bar3e kA bhAva nahIM thA pAtA aura AcAra vyavasthA meM bhI koI bAdhA nahIM hotI isa saMbaMdha meM TIkAkAra ne kanyA kI mAyu 12 varSa aura putra kI solaha varSa vivAha ke yogya mAnI hai jise zrAja svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki unhoMne strI ko gRhakArya taka hI sImita rakhane kI vakAlata kI hai| / (3) gRhastha kA tRtIya dharma hai sadAcAriyoM kI prazaMsA krnaa| yogabindu meM prAcArya ne lokApavAda se bhaya dIna janoM kA uddhAra kRtajJatA, sAdhujanoM kI prazaMsA, vinamratA, apavyaya se dUra rahanA, apramAditA Adi guNoM ko sadAcAra ke antargata mAnA hai / ( 4 ) isake bAda kucha aura bhI dharmoM kA paripAlana eka sAmAnya gRhastha ke lie zrAvazyaka batAyA hai- ( 1 ) indriya-saMyamana, (2) upadravagrasta sthAna kA tyAga, (3) yogya vyakti kA prAzraya, (4) sarasaMgati, (5) yogya nivAsasthAna, (6) deza-paristhiti ke anusAra veza dhAraNa, (7) Ayocita vyaya, (8) dezAcAra paripAlana, jisase sthAnIya loga viruddha na ho sakeM (9) nidita kArya meM pravRtti, (10) rAjA Adi kI nindA na karanA, (11) mAtA-pitA kA satkAra (12) azAMti ke kAraNoM kA tyAga (13) AzritoM kA bharaNa-poSaNa, (14) poSya
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________________ AcArya haribhadra sUri kA gRhasthAcAra | 309 varga kI rakSA, (15) gaurava rakSA, (16) dIna janoM kI sevA, (17) svAsthya rakSA, (18) loka-vyavahAra kA pAlana, (19) pratidina dharma zravaNa, (20) kadAgraha kA tyAga prAdi / ina guNoM se yukta vyakti hI jaina zrAvaka hone kA adhikArI hai| paM. prAzAdhara ne lagabhaga ina sabhI guNoM ko sAgAradharma ke anrtagata ginA diyA hai| haribhadra ke mata se ina sAmAnya guNoM se samanvita hokara gahasthadharma ke yathArtha svarUpa ko samajhane lagatA hai| ise usake AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA dvitIya caraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| isa caraNa meM prAcArya ne gahasthadezanA vidhi batAyI hai| isa vidhi meM sarvaprathama unhoMne dharma kI vyAkhyA kI hai / yaha vyAkhyA karate samaya dharma ke adhikArI, cihna, guNa Adi para bhI vistAra se vicAra kiyA hai| yaha saba kadAcita isalie bhI kiyA hai ki vyakti jaba taka dharma ke vAstavika svarUpa se paricita na ho, usakI ora apane prabhAvI kadama nahIM baDhA sktaa| lalitavistarA meM to sarvaprathama unhoMne dharma ke adhikArI kA hI nirNaya kiyA hai| unakI daSTi meM dharma kA pAlana bahI kara sakatA hai jo jijJAsa ho, vidhitatpara ho, zuddha pAjIvikA vAlA ho aura nirbhaya ho| isake sAtha hI dharmakathA prIti, dharma-nindA-aruci, dharma-niMdaka para dayA, dharma meM citta sthApana, guru-vinaya, zaktita: tyAga ityAdi guNa honA bhI Avazyaka hai| ina guNoM se vyakti kA hRdaya prAdhyAtmikatA meM paka jAtA hai aura vaha dharma ke marma ko samajhane lagatA hai| samyag adhyayanapUrvaka usakI kartavya buddhi jAgrata ho jAtI hai / sAdhanA kI vizuddhi ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki sAdhaka nirapekSa hokara karmoM kA upazamana kare / dharma ko vRkSa kA rUpaka dete hue prAcArya ne spaSTa kiyA ki sAdhya dharma kI cintA va prazaMsA karanA, dharma ke lie bIjavapana hai, usakI abhilASA karanA aMkurAdi avasthA hai, samyag upadeza kA zravaNa karanA zAkhAmoM kA phaTanA hai, samyag vizuddha AcaraNa karanA usakA patra-prasphuTana hai, samyag AcaraNa se puNya dvArA deva, manuSya Adi janmoM meM sukha prApti puSpa avasthA hai| aura aMta meM mokSa kI upalabdhi dharma kI phala avasthA hai| ___ 'dhammanAyagANaM' kI vyAkhyA meM prAcArya ne dharmanAyakoM ke guNoM kI ora saMketa karate hue dharma-prApti kA mArga tathA usake phala ko spapTa kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki tIrthaMkara ke dharma nAyaka hone meM cAra kAraNa haiM-dharma pAlana karane kA praNidhAna, usakA niraticAra pAlana, yathocita dharmopadeza aura dharmopadeza svayaM denA / dharma ke phalasvarUpa hI tIrthaMkara prAtihArya, samavasaraNAdi se vibhUSita hote haiM / tathya yaha hai ki dharma eka prAMtarika jAgRti kA zubha pariNAma hai| jijJAsA, abhilASA aura satprayatnoM se vyakti dharma kI ora bar3hatA hai aura samabhAvI bana jAtA hai| prAcArya haribhadra ne dezanA krama meM yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki pravRttimArgI ko kriyA mArga se, premI ko bhakti mArga se, aura jJAnI ko jJAna mArga se upadeza diyA jAnA cAhie / isa krama se vaha upadezaka zrAvaka ko svAdhyAya kI ora prerita kara sakatA hai / jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, caritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra kA pAlana karate hue sAdhaka adhyAtma kI ora Age bar3ha jAtA hai| isa prakAra puruSArthapUrvaka vaha gaMbhIra dezanA prApta karane kA adhikArI namo dIyo
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________________ caturtha khaNDa | 310 ho jAtA hai / vAcanA, pRcchanA, parAvartanA, anuprekSA, aura dharmakathana se zrutadharma kA abhyAsa karatA hai| kaSa, cheda aura tApa se usakA parIkSaNa karatA hai aura svAnubhUti prApta karatA hai| bAraha bhAvanAoM kA ciMtana karane se usakI svAnubhUti meM aura bhI gaharAI A jAtI hai| dharmaciMtana ke mAdhyama se gRhastha dharma kI ora acchI taraha AkarSita ho jAtA hai| gRhastha dharma ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke tRtIya caraNa meM prAcArya haribhadra ne vizeSa dezanAvidhi prastuta kI hai| unakA mata hai ki isa sthiti taka pahu~cate-pahu~cate gRhastha saMvega prApta kara letA hai aura samyagdRSTi bana jAtA hai / samyagdRSTi hone para hI vaha aNuvrata grahaNa karane kA adhikArI hai anyathA nahIM / ' samyagdRSTi hI prazama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA aura pAstikya jaise guNoM se jIvana ko ujjvala kara letA hai / / - isake bAda AcArya ne bAraha praNavatoM kA varNana kiyA hai| paMcANuvratoM meM to koI bheda nahIM hai para guNavatoM aura zikSAvratoM meM kucha aMtara milatA hai| haribhadra ne dikparimANa bhogopabhogaparimANa aura anarthadaMDa viramaNa ye tIna guNavrata mAne haiN| kuMda-kuMda kI paramparA meM bhI ina tInoM ko guNavrata kahA hai| umAsvAti ne avazya bhogopabhoga ke sthAna para dezavrata ko svIkAra kiyA hai / bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vasunandizrAvakAcAra mahApurANa Adi meM umAsvAti kA hI aNukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isI adhyAya meM prAcArya ne sAmAyika, dezAvakAsika, proSadha, aura atithisaMvibhAga ina cAra zikSAvratoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai| isake pUrva kuMda-kuMda ne dezAvakAsika na mAnakara saMlekhanA ko sthAna diyA hai| bhagavatI arAdhanA meM saMlekhanA ke sthAna para bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata rakhA gayA aura sarvArthasiddhi meM use svataMtra vrata kA rUpa diyA gyaa| umAsvAti ne dezAvakAzika kI jagaha upabhoga-paribhoga parimANa aura samantabhadra ne proSadhopavAsa kI jagaha vaiyAvatya kA samarthana kiyaa| ina paramparAoM meM daizika aura kAlika paristhitiyoM kI pRSThabhUmi rahI honI caahie| samyaktva kI prApti ho jAne para usakI rakSA kA upAya bhI sujhAyA gyaa| sAmiyoM kI saMgati, vatsalatA, namaskAramaMtrapATha, caityavaMdana, pratyAkhyAna, caityagamana, pUjA-pATha, sAdhuvaMdana, upadeza grahaNa, cintana, dAna, dayA, dharma vyavahAra prAdi aise upAya haiM jinake AdhAra se samyaktva meM prabalatA aura dRDhatA AtI hai / lalitavistarA meM bhI inakA varNana pAtA hai| vizeSa rUpa se vahA~ caityavaMdana ko adhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra prAcArya haribhadra ne dharmavindu aura lalita-vistarA ina donoM granthoM meM gRhasthAcAra kA kAla kI dRSTi se varNana kiyA hai| kahIM-kahIM lIka se haTakara unhoMne apanA mata vyakta kiyA hai| samaya aura paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM unhoMne gRhasthAcAra kI dezanA vidhi kA jo krama diyA hai vaha nizcita hI prabhAvaka aura uddhAraka hai / sAdhaka ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI itanI sarala aura sulajhI huI rUparekhA anyatra dikhAI nahIM detii| nyU eksTenzana eriyA savara, nAgapura 1. sati samyagadarzane nyAyyamaNuvratAdInAm grahaNaM nAnyatheti -dharmabindu 3, 5.