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________________ jarmanImeM jainadharmake kucha adhyetA DA0 jagadIza candra jaina, bambaI unnIsavI zatAbdIkA Arambha yUropameM jJAna-vijJAnakI zatAbdIkA yuga rahA hai / yaha samaya thA jaba jarmanIke krIDarIkha zlIgalako saMskRta par3hane kA zauka huA aura unhoMne perisa pahu~ca kara hindustAna se lauTe hue kisI sainikase saMskRtakA adhyayana kiyaa| Age calakara inhoMne da laiMgavejeja eNDa vijaDama oNpha da hindUja (hindUoMkI bhASAyeM aura prajJA) nAmaka pustaka prakAzita kara bhAratakI prAcIna saMskRtase yUropa vAsiyoMko avagata karAyA / isI samaya phrIDarIkhake laghu bhrAtA augusTa vilahelma ilIgalane apane jyeSTha bhrAtAse preraNA pAkara saMskRtakA tulanAtmaka gambhIra adhyayana kiyA aura ve vaoNna vizvavidyAlaya meM 1818 meM sthApita bhAratIya vidyA ceyarake sarvaprathama prophesara niyukta kiye gaye / maiksamUlara isa zatAbdI ke bhAratIya vidyAke eka mahAna paNDita ho gaye haiM jinhoMne bhAratakI sAMskRtika denako sAre yUropameM ujAgara kiyA / RgvedakA sAyaNa bhASyake sAtha unhoMne sarvaprathama nAgarI lipyantara kiyA aura jarmana bhASAmeM usakA anuvAda prakAzita kiyA / iMglaiNDa meM sivila sarvisameM jAnevAle aMgreja navayuvakoM ke mArgadarzanake liye unhoMne kaimbrija laikcarsa diye jo iNDiyA, hvATa iTa kaina TIca asa ( bhArata hameM kyA sikhA sakatA hai) nAmase prakAzita hue / 'sekreDa buksa Apha dI IsTa' sIrIjake sampAdanakA zreya maiksamUlarako hI haiM jisake antargata bhAratIya vidyAse sambandhita anekAneka mahattvapUrNa grantha prakAzita hue / yUropa meM jainavidyAke adhyetAoM meM sarvaprathama haramana yAkobI (1850-1937) kA nAma liyA jAyegA / ve alabra ekhta bebarake ziSya the jinhoMne sarvaprathama mUlarUpameM jaina AgamoMkA adhyayana kiyA thA / yAkobIne varAhamihira ke laghu jAtaka para zodha prabandha likhakara pI0 eca DI0 prApta kI / kevala 23 varSakI avasthAmeM jaina hastalikhita pratiyoMkI khoja meM ve bhArata Aye aura vApisa lauTakara unhoMne 'sekreDa buksa Apha dI IsTa' sIrIjameM AcArAMga aura kalpasUtra tathA sUtrakatAMga aura uttarAdhyayana AgamoMkA aMgrejI anuvAda prakAzita kiyA / niHssandeha ina granthoMke anuvAdase deza-videzameM jainavidyAke pracAra meM apUrva saphalatA milI / yUropake vidvAnomeM jainadharma aura bauddhadharmako lekara aneka bhrAMtiyA~ aura vAdavivAda cala rahe the / usa samaya yAkIbIne jaina dharma aura bauddhadharma granthoMke tulanAtmaka adhyayana dvArA bauddhadharmake pUrva jainadharmakA astitva siddha karake ina bhrAMtiyoM aura vivAdoMkoM nirmUla karAra diyA / jaina AgamoMke atirikta, prAkRta tathA sAhitya ke kSetrameM unhoMne patha pradarzanakA kArya kiyA / yAkobIne jaina Agama sAhityakI TIkAoM meM se kucha mahattvapUrNa kathAoMko cunakara AusagevelTe airajekalungana ima mahArASTra (selekTeDa sTorIja ina mahArASTrI ) nAmase prakAzita kii| ina kathAoMke sampAdana ke saMgraha meM prAkRtakA vyAkaraNa aura zabdakoSa bhI diyA gayA / 1914 meM yAkAbIne dUsarI bAra bhAratakI yAtrA kI / abakI bAra hastalikhita jaina granthoMkI khoja meM ve gujarAta aura kaThiyAvAr3akI ora gaye / svadeza vApisa lauTakara unhoMne bhavisattakahA aura - 511 -
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________________ saNa kumAracariu nAmaka mahatvapUrNa aprabhaMza granthoMkA sampAdana kara unheM prakAzita kiyA / isa yAtrA meM kalakattA vizvavidyAlayane unheM DAkTara Apha laiTarsa aura jaina samAjane jainadarzana divAkarakI padavIse sammAnita kiyA | yUropa meM prAkRta - adhyayanake puraskartAoMmeM ricarDa pizala (1849 - 1908) kA nAma bhI kAphI Age rahegA / pizala e0 epha0 sTenlarake ziSya the jinakI 'elimeNTarI grAmara Apha saMskRta' Aja bhI jarmanImeM saMskRta sIkhane ke liye mAnaka pustaka mAnI jAtI hai| prAkRtake vidvAna vebarake laikcaroMkA lAbha bhI pizalako milA thaa| unakA kathana thA ki saMskRtake adhyayanake liye bhASAvijJAnakA jJAna va adhyayana Avazyaka hai| aura unake anusAra yUropake adhikAMza vidvAna isa jJAnase vaMcita the / grAmeTIka Dera prAkRta sprazena ( da grAmara Apha prAkRta laingvejeja ) pizalakA eka vizAla smAraka grantha hai jise unhoMne varSoMke kaThina parizramake bAda aprakAzita prAkRta sAhityakI saikar3oM hastalikhita pAMDulipiyoMke AdhArase taiyAra kiyA thaa| jisameM unhoMne bhinna-bhinna prakArakI prAkRtoMkA vizleSaNa kara ina bhASAoke niyamoMkA vivecana kiyA / madhyayugIna AryabhASAoMke anupama koSa hemacandrakI dezInAmamAlAkA bhI buhalara ke sAtha milakara, pizalane AlocanAtmaka sampAdana kara eka mahAna kArya sampanna kiyA / ina granthoMmeM prAkRta evaM apabhraMzake aise anekAneka zabdoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai jo zabda kvacit hI anyatra upalabdha hote haiM / saMyogakI bAta hai ki yAkobI aura pizala -- ye donoM hI vidvAna pazcima jarmanIke kIla vizvavidyAlaya meM prophesara raha cuke haiM jahA~ unhoMne apanI-apanI racanAe~ samApta kIM / arsTa lAyamAna (1859-1931) bebarake ziSya rahe haiN| unhoMne jaina AgamoM para likhita niryukti aura cUrNi sAhityakA vizeSa rUpase adhyayana kiyA / yaha sAhitya aba taka vidvAnoMkI dRSTise nahIM gujarA hai / ve sTraoNsabarga meM adhyApana karate the aura yahA~kI lAibra erImeM unheM ina granthoMkI pAMDulipiyoMke adhyayana karanekA avasara milA / aupapAtikasUtrakA unhoMne AlocanAtmaka saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyaa| kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM kri lAyamAna dvArA sampAdita prAkRta jaina Agama sAhitya pizalake prAkRta bhASAoMke adhyayanameM vizeSa sahAyaka siddha huA / 1897 meM unakA 'Avazyaka - erajelu geja' (Avazyaka sTorIja) prakAzita huA / para isake kevala cAra pharmoM hI chapa sake / tatpazcAt ve vIvarasiSTa DI Avazyaka liTarecara (sarve Adi Avazyaka liTarecara ) meM laga gaye jo 1934 meM haimbargase prakAzita huA / vAlTara zUviMga jainadharmake eka prakANDa paNDita ho gaye haiM jo nauraveke suprasiddha vidvAna sTenakono ke cale jAne para haimburga vizvavidyAlaya meM bhAratIya vidyAke prophesara niyukta hue / unhoMne kalpa, nizItha aura vyavahArasUtra nAmaka chedasUtroMkA vidvattApUrNa sampAdana karaneke atirikta mahAnizIthasUtra para kArya kiyA tathA AcArAMgasUtrakA sampAdana aura varTe mahAvIra (varka Ava mahAvIra ) nAmase jarmana anuvAda prakAzita kiyaa| unakA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa upayogI grantha, DI lehare Dera jainAja hai jo di DaoNkTrInsa Ava dI jainAja ke nAmase aMgrejImeM 1932 meM dillIse prakAzita huA / isa grantha meM lekhakane zvetAmbara jaina Agama granthoMke AdhArase jainadharma sambandhI mAnyatAoMkA prAmANika vivecana prastuta kiyaa| jarmanI meM kisI vidvAna vyaktike nidhana ke pazcAt usakI saMkSipta jIvanI tathA usakI racanAoMkI sUcanA prakAzita karanekI prathA haiM kintu mahAmanA zUviMga yaha kaha gaye the ki unakI mRtyuke bAda unake sambandha meM kucha na likhA jAya / je0 irTala (1872-1955) bhAratIya vidyAke eka suprasiddha vidvAna ho gaye haiM jo kathA sAhityake vizeSajJa the| unhoMne apanA samasta jIvana paJcatantra ke adhyayanake liye samarpita kara diyaa| ve jaina kathA - 512 -
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________________ sAhityakI ora vizeSa rUpase AkarSita hue the| "oNna dI liTarecara Apha dI zvetAmbara jainAja ina gujarAta" nAmaka apanI laghu kintu atyanta sArabhita racanAmeM unhoMne jaina kathAoMkI sarAhanA karate hae likhA hai ki yadi jaina lekhaka isa ora pravRtta na hue hote to bhAratakI aneka kathAyeM vilupta ho jaatiiN| hailmutha phona glAjanepa (1891-1963) Tyubingana vizvavidyAlayameM dharmoke itihAsake prophesara rahe haiN| ve dharmake paNDita the| yAkobIke pramukha ziSyoMmeM the aura unhoMne lokapriya zailImeM jainadharmake sambandhameM aneka pustakeM likhI haiM jinake uddharaNa Aja bhI diye jAte haiN| unhoMne Dera jenisagusa (di jainijma) aura Di lehare phoma karmana ina Dera philosophI jainAja (di DaoNkTrona Ava karma ina jaina philosophI) nAmaka mahatvapUrNa racanAe~ prastuta kii| pahalI pustaka 'jainadharma ke nAmase gujarAtImeM aura dUsarI pustakakA anuvAda aMgrajI tathA hindImeM prakAzita huA / unakI iNDiyA, aija sIna vAI jarmana thiMkarsa (bhArata, jarmana vicArakoMkI dRSTimeM) nAmaka pustaka 1960 meM prakAzita huii| glAjanepane aneka bAra bhAratakI aura aneka vidvAnoMse samparka sthApita kiyaa| unake dillI Agamana para jaina samAjane unakA svAgata kiyaa| unakI eka nijI lAibrarI thI jo dvitIya vizva yuddhameM bama varSAke kAraNa jalakara dhvasta ho gii| luDaviga AlsaDorpha-(1904-1978) jarmanIke eka bahuzruta pratibhAzAlI manISI the jinakA nidhana abhI kucha samaya pUrva 28 mArca 1968 ko huaa| unake liye bhAratIya vidyA koI sImita viSaya nahIM thaa| isameM janadharma, bauddhadharma, vedavidyA, azokIya zilAlekha, madhyakAlIna bhAratIya bhASAyeM, bhAratIya sAhitya, bhAratIya kalA tathA Adhunika bhAratIya itihAsa AdikA bhI samAveza thA / AlsaDorpha ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlayameM jarmana bhASAke adhyApaka raha cuke haiN| yahA~ rahate haye unhoMne saMskRtake eka gurujIse saMskRta kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| usake bAda aneka bAra unheM bhArata yAtrAkA avasara milaa| jitanI bAra ve bhArata Aye, utanI hI bAra apane jJAnameM vRddhi karaneke lie kucha-na-kucha sameTa kara avazya le gye| aneka prasaMga aise upasthita haye jabaki paMDita loga anArya samajhakara. unake mandira praveza para roka lagAnekI karate / lekina ve jhaTase saMskRtakA koI zloka sUnAkara apanA Aryatva siddha karanese na cukate / AlsaDorphane apane rAjasthAna, jaisalamera AdikI yAtrAoMke rocaka vRttAMta prakAzita kiye haiN| AlsaDorphane vidyArthI avasthAmeM jarmana vizvavidyAlayoMmeM bhAratIya vidyA, tulanAtmaka bhASAzAstra, arabI, phArasI, AdikA adhyayana kiyA / valAyamAnake samparka meM Aye aura yAkobIse unhoMne jainadharmakA adhyayana karanekI abhUta pUrva preraNA prApta kii| yaha yAkobIkI preraNAkA hI phala thA ki ve puSpadantake mahApurANa nAmaka apabhraMza grantha para kAma karaneke lie pravRtta hue jo vistRta bhUmikA Adike sAtha 1937 meM jarmanameM prakAzita huaa| AlsaDorpha zUbiMgako apanA guru mAnate the / jaba taka ve jIvita rahe, unake gurukA citra unake kakSakI zobhA bar3hAtA rahA / unhoMne somaprabhasUrike kumAravAlapaDiboha nAmaka aprabhraMza graMtha para zodha prabandha likha kara pI-eca0 DI0 prApta kii| 1950 meM zabrigakA nidhana ho jAne para ve haimbarga vizvavidyAlayameM bhAratIya vidyA vibhAgake adhyakSa niyukta kiye gaye aura sevAnivRtta honeke bAda bhI antima samaya taka koI na koI zodhakArya karate rahe / apane jarmanI AvAsa kAlameM ina paMktiyoMke lekhakako AlsaDorphase bheMTa karanekA aneka bAra avasara milA aura hara bAra unakI alaukika pratibhAkI chApa mana para pdd'ii| kisI bhI viSaya para unase carcA
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________________ calAiye, calate phirate eka vizvakozakI bhA~ti unakA jJAna pratIta hotA rahA / unhoMne bhI saMghadAsagaNi kRta vasudevahiDi jaise mahattvapUrNa granthakI ora vizvake vidvAnoMkA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA aura isa bAtakI bar3e jorase sthApanAkI ki yaha abhUtapUrva racanA paizAcI prAkRtameM likhita guNADhyako naSTa huI baDDhakakahA (bRhatkathA)kA jaina rUpAntara hai| unakI vasudevahiMDikI nijI prati dekhanekA mujhe avasara milA hai jo pAThAntaroM evaM jagaha-jagaha aMkita kie hue noTsase raMgI par3I thii| unakA kahanA thA ki durbhAgyase isa granthakI anya koI pAMDulipi milanA to aba durlabha hai kintu aneka sthaloMko prakAzita granthake phuTanoTsameM diye hue pAThAntaroMkI sahAyatAse adhika sucAru rUpase sampAdita kiyA jAnA sambhava hai| apane lekhoM aura nibandhoMmeM ve bar3ese bar3e vidvAnakI bhI samucita AlocanA karanese nahIM hicakicAte / unhoMne avasara Anepara yAkobI, pizala, aiDagaTana Adi jarmanIke suvikhyAta vidvAnoMke kathanako anupayukta ThaharAyA / 1974 meM klAine zriphTena (laghu nibandha) nAmaka (762 pRSThoMkA eka grantha glAjanapa phAuNDezanakI orase prakAzita huA hai jisameM AlsaDorphake lekhoM, bhASagoM evaM samIkSA TippaNiyoMkA saMgraha hai| isameM dRSTivAdasUtrakI viSaya-sUcI (mUlataH yaha svargIya muni jinavijayajIke abhinandana granthake lie likhA gayA thA / yaha jarmana skAlarsa Apha iNDiyA, jilda 1 pR0 1..5 meM bhI prakAzita hai) ke sambandhake eka mahatvapUrNa lekha saMgrahIta hai| maDabidrIse prApta hAe SaTakhaMDAgama sAhityake sambandhameM svargIya DaoNkTara e0 ena0 upAdhyene ullekha kiyA thA ki karmasiddhAntakI gur3hatAke kAraNa pUrva granthoMkA paThana-pAThana bahuta samaya taka avachinna rahA jisase ve duSprApya ho gye| AlsaDorphane isa kathanase apanI asahamati vyakta karate hue pratipAdita kiyA ki yaha bAta to zvetAzvarIya karmagranthoMke sambandhameM bhI kI jA sakatI hai| phira bhI unakA adhyayana adhyApana kyoM jArI rahA aura ve kyoM duSprApya nahIM hue| isa saMgrahake eka anya mahatvapUrNa nibandha AlsaDorphane vaitADya, zabdakI vyutpatti vedAdhase pratipAdita kI hai : ve (ya) aDDha = veiaDDha - vaidiyaDDha = vedArdha / ise unakI viSayakI pakar3a aura sUjha-bUjhake sivAya aura kyA kahA jA sakatA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki AlsaDorphakI bAtase koI sahamata ho yA nahIM, ve apane kathanakA sacoTa aura sa-pramANa samarthana karane meM sakSama the| be antarASTrIya khyAtike kitane auriyaMTiyala risarca patra-patrikAoMse sambaddha the aura inameM unhoMne vividha viSayoMpara likhe hae kitane hI mahatvapUrNa granthoMkI samIkSAyeM prakAzita kI thiiN| 'kriTikala pAli DikzanarI'ke ve pramukha sampAdaka the jisakA prArambha suprasiddha vi0 Trekanerake sampAdakatvameM huA thA / videzI vidvAnoM dvArA bhAratIya darzana evaM dharma sambandhI abhimatoMko hama itanA adhika mahatva kyoM dete Aye haiN|? ve yathAsambhava taTastha rahakara kisI viSayakA vastugata vizleSaNa prastuta karanekA prayatna karate haiN| apanI vyaktigata mAnyatAoM, vicAroM evaM vizvAsoMkA usameM mizraNa nahIM karate haiN| . saMskRta, prAkRta athavA apabhraMzakI racanAoMkA adhyayana karaneke pUrva ve ina bhApAoMke vyAkaraNa, koza, AdikA Thosa jJAna prApta karate haiN| tulanAtmaka bhASA vijJAna unake adhyayanameM eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai| yuropakI. Adhunika bhASAoM meM aMgrejI, phreMca jarmana, Daca AdikA jJAna unake zodhakAryameM sahAyaka hotA hai / jainadharmakA adhyayana karanevAloMke lie jarmana bhASAkA jJAna Avazyaka hai| isa bhASAmeM kitane hI mahatvapUrNa aura upayogI grantha evaM lekha aise haiM jinakA aMgrejI bhASAntara abhI taka nahIM haa| Ajake yugame tulanAtmaka adhyayanakI AvazyakatA hai| udAraNArtha, jaina adhyayanake lie jainadharma aura darzanakA adhyayana hI paryApta nahIM, vaidika dharma, bauddhadharma tathA yUropIya bhASAoMmeM hue zodhakA jJAna bhI Avazyaka hai / tulanAke lie bauddhadharmakA adhyayana to Avazyaka hai hii| ina adhyayanako vyavasthita karaneke liA cane hue
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________________ jaina granthoMkA cune hue jaina vidvAnoM dvArA Adhanika paddhatise sa pAdana kiye jAnekI AvazyakatA hai| prakAzita granthoMkI AlocanAtmaka nirbhIka samIkSAkI AvazyakatA hai| isa sambandhameM jainoMke sabhI sampradAyoMke vidvAnoM dvArA taiyAra kI gayI sammilita yojanA kAryakArI ho sakatI hai / zodha kAryako saphalatApUrvaka sampanna karaneke lie pustakAlaya athavA pustakAlayoMkI AvazyakatA hai jahA~ zodha sambandhI hara prakArakI suvidhAe~ upalabdha ho skeN| ye bhAratake kUcha kendrIya sthAnoMmeM sthApita kiye jAne cAhiye tathA vidyamAna suvidhAoMkA AdhunikIkaraNa kiyA jAya / antameM, eka mahattvapUrNa bAta aura kahanA cAhatA huuN| vaha yaha hai ki yathArthatAse sambandha sthApita karanekA prayatna kiyA jAye / viSayoMkA cunAva isa prakAra kiyA jAya jisase zodha chAtra protsAhita hoM aura Age calakara dizA bhI grahaNa kara sakeM evaM jaina vidyAko prakAzita kara skeN|