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________________ sAdhanA kA mahAyAtrI : zrI sumana muni dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana zrI rameza muni zAstrI nirjarA tattva kA hI eka prakAra hai - dhyAna / azubha dhyAna / Artta-raudra saMsAra vRddhi kA kAraNa hai to zubha dhyAna/dharma-zukla zAzvata sukhoM kI prApti meM sahAyaka hai| vastutaH mana kA antarmukhI evaM antarlIna ho jAnA hI dhyAna hai| dhyAna - bikharI huI cittavRttiyoM ke ekIkaraNa kA amogha sAdhana hai| dhyAna ajJAnAMdhakAra ko vinaSTa kara antazcetanA meM Aloka hI Aloka vyApta kara use jyotirmaya banA detA hai| dhyAna kA sAMgopAMga vizleSaNa prastuta kara rahe haiM - vidvadvarya zrI ramezamuni jI ma. 'zAstrI' / - sampAdaka tapa adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA prANabhUta tattva hai| jaise zarIra meM uSmA jIvana ke astittva kA jvalanta pratIka hai, vaise hI sAdhanA meM tapa usa ke jyotirmaya astittva ko abhivyakta karatA hai| tapa ke abhAva meM na nigraha hotA hai aura na abhigraha hI ho sakatA hai| tapa mUlataH eka hai, akhaNDa hai tathApi sApekSa dRSTi se usake do vargIkRta rUpa hai| prathama bAhya tapa hai aura dvitIya Abhyantara tapa hai| ina donoM ke chaH - chaH prakAra haiN| kula milAkara tapa ke dvAdaza bheda haiN| saMkSepa meM una kA nirdeza isa prakAra haiN| 1. bAhya tapa - jo tapa bAhara meM dikhalAI detA hai yA jisa meM zarIra tathA indriyoM kA nigraha hotA hai, vaha bAhya tapa hai, isa ke chaha bheda haiN| 1- anazana 4- rasa parityAga 2- avamodarikA 5- kAyakleza 3- bhikSAcaryA 6- pratisaMlInatA 2. Abhyantara tapa - jisa tapa meM antaHkaraNa ke vyApAroM kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| vaha Abhyantara tapa hai| isa ke chaha prakAra haiN| 1. prAyazcita 2. vinaya 3. vaiyAvRtya 4. svAdhyAya 5. dhyAna 6. vyutsarga yaha jo vargIkaraNa hai, vaha tapa kI prakriyA ko samajhAne ke liye hai| bAhya tapa se, tapa kA prArambha hotA hai aura usa kI pUrNatA Abhyantara tapa meM hotI hai| ye donoM tapa eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| dhyAna = tapa ke bAraha bhedoM meM - "dhyAna" gyArahavA~ prakAra hai aura Abhyantara tapa meM dhyAna kA pA~cavAM sthAna haiN| mana kI ekAgra avasthA "dhyAna" hai| apane viSaya meM mana kA ekAgra ho jAnA "dhyAna" hai| citta ko kisI bhI viSaya meM ekAgra karanA, sthira kara denA "dhyAna" hai / zubha aura pavitra Alambana para ekAgra honA "dhyAna" hai| isI sandarbha meM eka vicAraNIya prazna upasthita hotA hai ki mana kA kisI bhI viSaya meM sthira honA hI yadi "dhyAna" hai to lobhI mAnava kA dhyAna to dhanArjana meM lagA rahatA hai, cora kA dhyAna vastu ko curAne meM lagA rahatA hai, kyA vaha bhI dhyAna hai? ukta prazna kA samAdhAna hai ki pApAtmaka cintana kI ekAgratA bhI dhyAna hai| dhyAna do 1. sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna - 6 sUtra 65 2. samavAyAMga sUtra, samavAya 6 sUtra 31 3. abhidhAna cintAmaNi koSa 6/45 4. Avazyaka niyukti - 1456 5. dvAtriMzad dvAtriMzikA - 18/11 172 dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana in Education International
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________________ jaina saMskRti kA Aloka prakAra kA hai| prathama zubha dhyAna hai aura dvitIya 'azubha dhyAna' hai| zubha dhyAna mokSa-prApti kA hetu hai aura azubha dhyAna saMsAra vRddhi kA pramukha kAraNa hai| zubha dhyAna UrdhvamukhI hotA hai to azubha dhyAna adhomukhI hotA hai| mana kI antarlInatA, antarmukhatA zubha dhyAna hai| mana to svabhAvataH caMcala hai| vaha lambe samaya taka eka vastu para sthira nahIM raha sktaa| use kisI eka bindu para kendrita karanA atyanta hI kaThina hai| vaha antarmuhUrta se adhika ekAgra nahIM raha sktaa| yaha dhruva satya hai ki dhyAna sAdhanA ke liye parigraha-tyAga, kaSAya-nigraha, vrata-dhAraNa aura indriya-vijaya karanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai, anivArya hai| prastuta dhyAna manojJa vastu ke viyoga evaM amanojJa vastu ke saMyoga se hotA hai| pariNAmataH avAMchanIya padArtha kI upalabdhi tathA avAMchanIya vastu kI anupalabdhi hone para jIva duHkhI hotA hai| isa dhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiN| una kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai| 1. amanojJa vastuoM kI prApti hone para unake viyoga kI cintA karanA! 2. manojJa - vastuoM kI prApti hone para unake aviyoga kI cintA krnaa| 3. AtaMka - ghAtaka roga hone para usake dUra karane kA cintana krnaa| 4. parisevita yA prItikAraka kAma bhogoM kA saMyoga hone para usa kA viyoga na ho, aisA cintana karanA / amanojJa, apriya aura aniSTa ye tInoM ekArthaka zabda haiN| isI prakAra iSTa, priya aura manojJa ye tInoM ekArthakavAcI haiN| aniSTa vastu kA saMyoga athavA iSTa vastu kA viyoga hone para jo duHkha, zoka, saMtApa, Akrandana aura parivedana karatA hai, vaha saba ArtadhyAna kahalAtA dhyAna ke bhedoM aura upabhedoM ke viSaya meM vizada evaM vistRta rUpa se vicAraNA huI hai| dhyAna ke mukhya bheda cAra haiN| una ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - 1. ArttadhyAna 3. dharma dhyAna 2. raudra dhyAna 4. zukla dhyAna ina cAra bhedoM meM, prArambha ke do dhyAna, aprazasta haiM, azubha haiM ataeva ye donoM prakAra tapa kI koTi meM nahIM / Ate haiN| antima ke do dhyAna prazasta haiM, zubha haiM aura ve tapa kI sImA meM samAviSTa haiN| ina cAroM dhyAnoM kA svarUpa evaM savistRta vicAraNA, isa prakAra kI jA rahI hai| 1. ArttadhyAna - Arti nAma duHkha athavA pIr3A kA hai| usa meM se jo utpanna ho, vaha Arta hai arthAt duHkha ke nimitta se yA duHkha meM hone vAlA dhyAna ArtadhyAna" ArtadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM, ve isa prakAra haiN| 1. krandanatA - ucca svara se bolate hue ronA / 2. zocanatA - dInatA pragaTa karate hue zoka karanA / 3. tepanatA - bAra-bAra azrupAta krnaa| 4. paridevanatA - vilApa krnaa| 6. (ka) dhyAna zataka - 3 (kha) tatvArtha sUtra -6/28 (ga) yoga pradIpa - 15/33 7. (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra - sthAna 4, udde. 1, sUtra 24 (kha) samavAyAMga sUtra, samavAya 4 sUtra 2 (ga) bhagavatI sUtra - zataka 25, udde. 7 sUtra 282 (gha) aupapAtika sUtra, sUtra 30 . (Ga) Avazyaka niyukti - 1458 (8) ka. Avazyaka adhyayana -4 (kha) bhagavatI sUtra - zataka 25 udde 7. sU. 23 dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana 173
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________________ sAdhanA kA mahAyAtrI : zrI sumana muni aise dhyAnI prANI kA mana AtmA ke jyotirmaya - svabhAva se haTa kara sAMsArika vastuoM meM kendrita hotA hai usI meM tanmaya bana jAtA hai / 2. raudra dhyAna - * isa dhyAna meM jIva sabhI prakAra ke pApAcAra karane meM samudyata hotA hai / krUra yA kaThora bhAva vAle prANI ko rudra kahate haiM vaha nirdayI bana kara krUra kAryoM kA kartA banatA hai isaliye use raudra dhyAna kahate haiM / isa dhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM / ve ye haiM 1. hiMsAnubandhI- nirantara hiMsaka pravRtti meM tanmayatA karAne vAlI citta kI ekAgratA / 2. mRSAnubandhI- asatya bhASaNa sambandhI ekAgratA / 3. stenAnubandhI- corI karane - karAne sambandhI ekAgratA / 4. saMrakSaNAnubandhI- parigraha ke arjana evaM saMrakSaNa sambandhI tanmayatA / raudra dhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM, unakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai| 1. utsanna doSa - hiMsAdi kisI eka pApa meM nirantara pravRtti karanA / 2. bahudoSa - hiMsAdi sabhI pApoM ke karane meM saMlagna rahanA / 3. ajJAna doSa - kuzAstroM ke saMskAra se hiMsAdi adhArmika kAryoM ko dharma mAnanA / 4. AmaraNAnta doSa- maraNa kAla taka bhI hiMsAdi karane 6 (ka) jJAnArNava 24 / 3 / ( kha ) tattvArtha sUtra 4 / 36 / 10 jJAnasAra 16 / 11 jJAnArNava 25/4 / 12 dhyAna zataka - zloka 38-36 / 13 (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra 4/1/65 174 kA anupAna na honA / raudradhyAnI vyakti kaThora aura saMkliSTa pariNAma vAlA hotA hai / vaha dUsare ke duHkha, kaSTa evaM saMkaTa meM tathA pApa kArya meM prasanna hotA hai, usa ke mana meM dayAbhAva kA abhAva hotA hai / 3. dharma dhyAna - prastuta dhyAna Atma-vikAsa kA prathama caraNa hai| ukta dhyAna meM sAdhaka Atma cintana meM pravRtta hotA hai / zAstra vAkyoM ke artha, dharma mArgaNAe~, vrata, samiti, gupti Adi bhAvanAoM kA cintana karanA dharmadhyAna hai isa dhyAna ke liye jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vairAgya nitAnta apekSita hai| ina se sahaja rUpa se mana susthira ho jAtA hai / isa dhyAna kI siddhi ke liye maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA cintana karanA anivArya 11 hai / dharmadhyAna kA samyak ArAdhana ekAnta sthAna meM ho sakatA hai| dhyAna Asana sukhakAraka ho, jisa se dhyAna kI maryAdA sthira raha ske| yaha dhyAna padmAsana se baiThakara yA khar3e hokara bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai / 12 dharmadhyAna meM mukhya tIna aMga hai - dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya | dhyAna kA adhikArI dhyAtA hai / ekAgratA - dhyAna / jisa kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyeya hai / caMcala mana vAlA mAnava dhyAna nahIM kara sktaa| jahA~ Asana kI sthiratA dhyAna-sAdhanA meM Avazyaka hai, vahA~ mana kI sthiratA bhI ati apekSita hai / mAnasika caMcalatA ke kAraNa kabhI-kabhI sAdhaka kA mana dhyAna meM sthira nahIM hotaa| isaliye dharma dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM / 13 unakA (kha) bhagavatI sUtra 25/7/242 / (ga) yoga zAstra - (gha) jJAnArNava 30 / 5 / 10/7 / (Ga) tattvAnuzAsana 6/8 / 14. yogazAstra - 10/1 / dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana
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________________ jaina saMskRti kA Aloka svarUpa isa prakAra haiM - 1. AjJA vicaya - jina AjJA rUpa pravacana ke cintana meM saMlagna rhnaa| 2. apAya vicaya - saMsAra - patana ke kAraNoM kA vicAra karate hue una se bacane kA upAya karanA / 3. vipAka vicaya - karmoM ke phala kA vicAra krnaa| 4. saMsthAna vicaya - janma-mRtyu ke AdhAra bhUta puruSAkAra loka ke svarUpa kA cintana krnaa| yahA~ "vicaya" zabda kA artha -cintana hai| dhyeya ke viSaya meM tIna bAteM mukhya haiN| ve isa prakAra 1. eka, parAvalambana - jisa meM dUsarI vastuoM kA avalambana lekara mana ko sthira karane kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai| jaba eka pudgala para dRSTi kendrita ho jAtI hai to mana sthira ho jAtA hai| 2. dUsarA prakAra svarupAlambana hai| isa meM bAhara se dRSTi haTA kara netroM ko banda kara vividha prakAra kI kalpanAo se yaha dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| 3. tIsarA prakAra hai - niraavlmbn| isa meM kisI bhI prakAra kA koI Alambana nahIM hotaa| mana vicAra, vikAra aura vikalpoM se zUnya hotA hai| isa meM niraMjana, nirAkAra siddha-svarUpa kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| aura AtmA svayaM karma-mala se mukta hone kA abhyAsa karatA hai| isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka yaha samyakrupeNa samajha letA hai ki maiM AtmA hU~, indriyA~ aura mana alaga haiN| dhyAna-sAdhaka sthUla se sUkSma kI ora bar3hatA hai| rUpa se arUpa kI ora bar3hane ke liye atyadhika abhyAsa kI AvazyakatA hai| rUpAtIta dhyAna jaba siddha ho jAtA hai, taba bhedarekhA samApta ho jAtI hai| dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya ye tInoM ekAkAra ho jAte haiN| dhyeya ke cAra bheda haiM / 15 una kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai 1. piNDastha - isa kA artha hai - zarIra ke vibhinna bhAgoM para mana ko kendrita krnaa| piNDastha dhyAna piNDa se sambandhita hai| isa meM pAMca dhAraNAe~ hotI haiM,16 una ke nAma ye haiM - 1. paarthivii| 3. maarutii| 2. aagneyii| 4. vaarunnii| 5. tttvvtii| ina pAMca dhAraNAoM ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka uttarottara Atma-kendra meM dhyAnastha hotA hai| caturvidha dhAraNAoM se yukta piNDastha dhyAna kA abhyAsa karane se mana sthira hotA hai jisa se zarIra aura karma ke sambandha ko bhinna rUpa se dekhA jAtA hai| karma naSTa kara AtmA ke jyotirmaya svarUpa . kA cintana isa meM hotA hai| 2. padastha - apanI ruci ke anusAra mantrAkSara padoM kA avalambana lekara kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna hai| isa dhyAna meM mukhya rUpa se zabda Alambana hotA hai| akSara para dhyAna karane se ise varNamAtrika dhyAna bhI kahate hai| isa dhyAna meM nAbhikamala, hRdayakamala aura mukha kamala kI kamanIya kalpanA kI jAtI hai| mantroM aura vargoM meM zreSTha dhyAna "arhan" kA mAnA gayA hai| jo repha se yukta kalA va bindu se AkrAnta anAhata sahita mantrarAja' hai| isa 15(ka) yoga zAstra 7/8 / (kha) yogasAra - 68 (ga) jJAnArNava - 31 sarga, 37 sarga, 41 sarga / 16 yogazAstra 7/6 / 7/10 35 17 jJAnArNava 35 - 1,2 / 18 jJAnArNava 35-7-8 / 16 (ka) jJAnArNava 36-16 / (kha) yogazAstra 10/8 / 20 (ka) bhagavatIsUtra 25/7 / / (kha) tattvArthasUtra 6/41 / / (ga) sthAnAMgasUtra 4/1 / / | dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana 175
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________________ sAdhanA kA mahAyAtrI : zrI sumana muni mantrarAja para dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka indriyalolupatA se mukta hokara mana ko adhika vizuddha evaM ekAgra banAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| 3. rUpastha - isa meM rAga, dveSa Adi vikAroM se rahita, samasta sadguNoM se yukta, sarvajJa tIrthaMkara prabhu kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai / unakA avalambana lekara dhyAna kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai / 4. rUpAtIta - isa kA artha hai rUpa-raMga se atIta, niraMjana - nirAkAra jJAnamaya Ananda-svarUpa kA smaraNa karanA / 18 isa dhyAna meM dhyAtA aura dhyeya meM koI antara nahIM rahatA hai / ina cAroM dharmadhyAna ke prakAroM meM kramazaH zarIra, akSara, sarvajJa va niraMjana siddha kA cintana kiyA jAtA se sUkSma kI ora bar3hA jAtA hai / hai | sthUla . dharmadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM, unakA svarUpa isa prakAra haiM - 1. AjJAruci - jima AjJA ke cintana manana meM ruci, zraddhA honA 2. nisarga ruci - dharma - kAryoM ke karane meM svAbhAvika ruci honA / 3. sUtra rUci - AgamoM ke paThana-pAThana meM ruci honA / 4. avagAr3haruci - dvAdazAMgI kA gambhIra jJAna prApta karane meM pragAr3ha ruci honA / - dharma dhyAna ke cAra Alambana haiM, inakA svarUpa isa prakAra haiM - 1. vAcanA Agama sUtra kA paThana pAThana karanA / 2. pratipRcchanA - zaMkA nivAraNArtha gurujanoM se pUchanA / 3. parivartanA paThita sUtroM kA punarAvartana karanA / artha kA cintana karanA / 4. anuprekSA 176 1 dharma dhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ haiM, una kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai / 1. ekatvAnuprekSA - jIva ke sadA akele paribhramaNa aura sukha duHkha bhogane kA cintana karanA / - 2. anityAnuprekSA- sAMsArika vastuoM kI anityatA kA cintana karanA / 3. azaraNAnuprekSA - jIva ko koI dUsarA dhana, parivAra Adi zaraNabhUta nahIM, aisA cintana karanA / 4. saMsArAnuprekSA - caturgati rUpa saMsAra kI dazA kA cintana karanA / dharma dhyAna, sabhI prANI nahIM kara sakate / isa dhyAna se mana meM sthairya va pavitratA A jAtI hai / prastuta dhyAna zukla dhyAna kI bhUmikA kA nirmANa karatA hai / 4. zukla dhyAna - prastuta dhyAna dhyAna kI parama ujvala avasthA hai| mana kI Atyantika sthiratA aura yoga kA nirodha zukla dhyAna hai| zukladhyAnI dehAtIta sthiti meM rahatA hai| zukladhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM, una kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai / 1. pRthaktvavitarka savicAra pRthaktva kA artha hai - bheda / vitarka kA tAtparya hai - shrut| prastuta dhyAna meM dravya, guNa aura paryAya para cintana karate hue dravya se paryAya para aura paryAya se dravya para cintana kiyA jAtA hai / isa meM bheda pradhAna cintana hotA hai / 2. ekattva vitarka avicAra - pUrvagata zruta kA AdhAra lekara utpAda Adi paryAyoM ke ekatva arthAt abheda rUpa se kisI eka padArtha yA paryAya kA sthira citta se cintana karanA ekatva vitarka avicAra zukla dhyAna kahalAtA hai / 3. sUkSma kriyA'pratipAti - yaha dhyAna bahuta hI sUkSma kriyA para calatA hai / isa dhyAna meM avasthita hone para yogI punaH dhyAna se vicalita nahIM hotaa| isa kAraNa isa dhyAna ko sUkSma kriyA- apratipAti kahA hai / dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana
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________________ jaina saMskRti kA Aloka 2. vipAra 4. samucchinnakriya-anivRtti - zailesI avasthA ko prApta kevalI bhagavAn sabhI yogoM kA nirodha kara dete haiN| yogoM ke nirodha se sabhI kriyAoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM leza mAtra bhI kriyA zeSa nahIM rahatI hai| zakta dhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM, una kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai1. zAnti - krodha na karanA, aura udaya meM Aye hue krodha ko viphala kara denaa| 2. mukti - lobha kA tyAga hai, udaya meM Aye hue lobha ko viphala kara denaa| 3. Arjava - srltaa| mAyA ko udaya meM nahIM Ane denA, udaya meM AyI mAyA ko viphala kara denaa| 4. mArdava - mAna na karanA, udaya meM Aye hue mAna ko niSphala kara denaa| zukla dhyAna ke cAra Alambana haiM, una kA svarUpa isa prakAra haiM - 1. avyaya - zukladhyAnI pariSahoM aura upasargoM se Dara kara, dhyAna se vicalita nahIM hotaa| 2. asammoha - zakladhyAnI ko devAdikata mAyA meM yA atyanta gahana sUkSma viSayoM meM sammoha nahIM hotaa| 3. viveka - zukladhyAnI zarIra se AtmA ko bhinna tathA zarIra se sambandhita sabhI saMyogoM ko AtmA se bhinna samajhatA hai| 4. vyutsarga - vaha anAsakta bhAva se zarIra aura samasta saMyogoM ko AtmA se bhinna samajhatA hai / zukla dhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~, unakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai1. anantavattitAnaprekSA - saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kI anantatA kA vicAra krnaa| padArthoM ke bhinna-bhinna pariNamanoM kA vicAra krnaa| 3. azubhAnuprekSA - saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM kI azubhatA kA vicAra krnaa| 4. apAyAnuprekSA - rAga-dveSa se hone vAle doSoM kA vicAra krnaa| ye cAroM anuprekSAe~ zukla dhyAna kI prAthamika avasthAoM meM hotI hai, jisase AtmA antarmukhI banatI hai aura svataH hI bAhyonmukhatA samApta ho jAtI hai| sArapUrNa bhASA meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhyAna eka sarvottama sAdhana hai, jisase, bikharI huI cittavRttiyA~ eka hI kendra para simaTa AtI haiN| yathArtha artha meM dhyAna eka aisI akSaya evaM apUrva jyoti hai, jo hamArI antazcetanA ko jyotirmayI banAtI hai, antarmana meM rahe hue ajJAna rUpI kA jya andhakAra ko sarvathA rUpeNa vinaSTa kara detI hai| aura jIvana meM jAgRti kA navya evaM bhavya saMcAra karatI hai| ApakA janma nAgaura jilAntargata baDU grAma meM di. 24-1-1651 ko huaa| caudaha varSa kI alpAyu meM hI upAdhyAya pravara zrI puSkaramuni jI ma.sA. ke pAsa ArhatI dIkSA dhAraNa kii| nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, jainAgama, jaina sAhitya kA talasparzI jJAna / saMskRta, prAkRta bhASA ke AdhikArika vidvAn / lekhaka evaM saahitykaar| zodha evaM ciMtana pradhAna lekhana meM siddhahasta / siddhAntAcArya, kAvyatIrtha, saahityshaastrii| saMskRta-prAkRta meM zlokoM kI racanA karanA ApakI viziSTatA hai| saMskRta-prAkRta ke adhyApana evaM zodha nirdezana meM abhiruci| svabhAva se sahRdayI, sarala evaM saumyatA kI prtimuurti| 'guNiSu pramodaM' kI bhAvanA aharniza mAnasa meM vyApta / jaina vidvAnoM meM agraNI, saikar3oM zodha pradhAna Alekha prkaashit| - sampAdaka | dhyAna : svarUpa aura cintana 177