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________________ apanI vidvattA tathA racanA kauzalake pradarzanake lie saMskRta kaviyoMne jina kAvya- zailiyoMkA Azraya liyA hai, unameM nAnArthaka kAvyoMkI paramparA bahuta prAcIna hai| bhojakRta zRMgAra prakAzameM daNDIke dvisandhAna Son ulekha huA hai / daNDIkA dvisandhAna to upalabdha nahIM, kintu unakI citra kAvya- zailIne paravartI kaviyoMko itanA prabhAvita kiyA ki sAhitya meM, zAstrakAvyoMkI bhA~ti nAnArthaka kAvyoMkI eka abhinava vidyAkA sUtrapAta huA tathA isa koTikI racanAoMkA pracura saMkhyAmeM nirmANa hone lgaa| jaina kaviyoMne saptasaMdhAna, caturviMzati saMdhAna tathA zatArthaka kAvya likhakara isa bhASAyI jAdUgarIko carama sImA taka pahu~cA diyA / aneka saMdhAna kAvyameM zleSavidhi athavA vilomarItise eka-sAtha ekAdhika kathAoMke gumphanake dvArA kAvya racayitAko bhASAdhikAra tathA racanA - naipuNya pradarzita karanekA avAdha avakAza mila jAtA / ataH, AtmajJApana ke zaukIna paNDita kaviyoMkA idhara pravRtta honA bahuta svAbhAvika thA / jaina kavi meghavijayagaNi (satarahavIM zatAbdI) kA saptasandhAna mahAkAvya citrakAvya zailIkA utkarSa hai| sAhityakA Adima saptasandhAna kAvya kalikAla sarvajJa AcArya hemacandrakI urvara lekhanI se prasUta huA thA / usakI aprAptise utpanna khinnatAko dUra karane ke liye meghavijayane prastuta kAvya racanA kii| nau sargoMke isa mahAkAvya meM jaina dharmake pA~ca tIrthaMkaroM - RSabhadeva, zAntinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra tathA puruSottama rAma aura kRSNa vAsudevakA carita zleSavidhise gumphita hai / kAvyameM yadyapi ina mahApuruSoMke jIvanake katipaya mahatvapUrNa prakaraNoM kA hI nibandhana huA hai, kintu unheM eka sAtha citrita karaneke dussAdhya kAryakI pUrti lie kaviko vikaTa citra zailI tathA ucchRMkhala zAbdI krIDAkA Azraya lenA par3A hai, jisase kAvya vajravat durbhedha bana gayA hai| TIkAke jala-pAtheyake binA kAvyake marusthalako pAra karanA sarvathA asambhava hai / vijayAmRta sUrine apanI vidvattApUrNa 'saraNI se kAvyakA marma vivRta karanekA prazaMsanIya prayAsa kiyA hai, yadyapi kahIMkahIM 'saraNI' bhI kAvyakI bhA~ti durUha bana gayI hai / citrakAvya kA utkarSa -- saptasandhAna mahAkAvya zrI satyavrata 'tRSita' zrIgaMgAnagara saptasandhAna kA mahAkAvyatva saptasandhAnake karttAkA mukhya uddezya citrakAvya racanAmeM apanI vaidagdhIkA prakAzana karanA hai, aura isa lakSya sammukha, usake liye kAvyake anya dharma gauNa haiM; tathApi isameM prAyaH ve sabhI tatva kisI na kisI rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM, jinheM prAcIna lakSaNakAroM ne mahAkAvyake liye Avazyaka mAnA hai / saMskRta mahAkAvyakI rUr3ha paramparA anusAra prastuta kAvyakA Arambha cAra maMgalAcaraNAtmaka padhoMse huA hai, jinameM jinezvaroM tathA vAgdevIkI vandanA kI gayI hai / kAvyake Arambha meM sajjanaprazaMsA, durjananindA, sannagarI varNana Adi baddhamUla 1. jaina sAhitya vardhaka sabhA, sUratase 'sakhI' sahita prakAzita, vikrama saMvat 2000 / 2. zrI hemacandrasUrIzaiH saptasandhAnamAdimam / racitaM tadalAbhe tu stAdidaM tuSTaye satAm / / prazasti, 2 / 38 vividha: 297
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________________ rUr3hiyoMkA bhI nirvAha huA hai / raghuvaMzakI bhA~ti saptasandhAna nAnA nAyakoMke caritapara AdhArita hai, jo dhIrodAtta guNoMse sampanna mahApuruSa haiM / isakA kathAnaka jaina sAhitya tathA samAjameM, AMzika rUpa se jainetara samAjameM bhI, cirakAla se pracalita tathA jJAta hai / ataH ise 'itihAsa prasUta' (prakhyAta) mAnanA nyAyocita hai / saptasandhAnameM yadyapi mahAkAvyocita rasAtAkA abhAva hai, tathApi isameM zAntarasakI pradhAnatA mAnI jA sakatI hai| zRMgAra tathA vIra rasakI bhI halkI-sI rekhA dikhAI deto hai| caturvargameMse isakA uddezya mokSaprApti hai| kAvyake caritanAyaka (tIthaMkara) kaivalyajJAna-prApti ke pazcAt zivatvako prApta hote haiN| mAnavajIvanakI carama pariNati satata sAdhanAse janma-maraNake cakrase mukti prApta karanA hai, bhAratIya saMskRtikA yaha Adarza hI kAvyameM pratidhvanita huA hai| saptasandhAnakI racanA sargabaddha kAvyake rUpameM huI hai / kAvyakA zIrSaka racanA-prakriyA para AdhArita hai tathA isake sA~ke nAma unameM varNita viSayake anusAra rakhe gaye haiM / chandoMke prayogameM bhI meghavijayane zAstrIya vidhAnakA pAlana kiyA hai| pratyeka sargameM eka chandako pradhAnatA hai| sargAntameM chanda badala diyA gayA hai / sAtaveM sargameM nAnA chandoMkA prayoga bhI zAstrAnukUla hai / isake atirikta isameM bhASAgata praur3hatA, vidvattApradarzanakI adamya pravRtti, zailIkI gambhIratA, nagara, parvata, SaDRtu Adi vastu-vyApArake mahAkAvyasulabha vistRta tathA alaMkRta varNana bhI dRSTigocara hote haiN| ataH saptasandhAnako mahAkAvya mAnane meM koI hicaka nahIM ho sakatI / svayaM kavine bhI zIrSaka tathA pratyeka sargakI puSpikAmeM ise mahAkAvya saMjJA pradAna kI hai| kavi-paricaya tathA racanAkAla anya adhikAMza jaina kaviyoMkI bhA~ti meghavijayakA gRhasthajIvana to jJAta nahIM, kintu devAnandAbhyudaya, zAntinAthacarita, yuktiprabodhanATaka Adi apanI kRtiyoM meM unhoMne apane munijIvanakA paryApta paricaya diyA hai| meghavijaya mugala samrATa akabarake kalyANamitra hIravijayasUrike ziSyakulameM the / unake dIkSA-guru to kRpAvijaya the, kintu unheM upAdhyAya padapara vijayadevasarike paTTadhara vijayaprabhasUrine pratiSThita kiyA thaa|' vijayaprabhasUrike prati meghavijayakI asIma zraddhA hai| na kevala devAnanda mahAkAvyake antima sargameM unakA prazastigAna kiyA gayA hai apitu do svatantra kAvyoM-digvijaya mahAkAvya tathA meghadUtasamasyAlekha-ke dvArA kavine guruke prati kRtajJatA prakaTa kI hai / ye donoM kAvya vijayaprabhasUrike sArasvata smAraka haiM / meghavijaya apane samayake pratibhAzAlI kavi, pratyutpanna dArzanika, prayogazuddha vaiyAkaraNa, samayajJa jyotiSI tathA AdhyAtmika AtmajJAnI the| unhoMne ina sabhI viSayoMpara apanI lekhanI calAyI tathA sabhIko apanI pratibhA tathA vidvattAke sparzase Alokita kara diyaa| prastuta mahAkAvyake atirikta unake do anya mahAkAvya-devAnandAbhyudaya tathA digvijaya mahAkAvya suvijJAta haiN| meghavijaya samasyApUrtike pAraMgata AcArya haiM / devAnanda, meghadUtasamasyAlekha tathA zAntinAtha caritameM kramazaH mAghakAvya, meghadUta tathA naiSadhacaritakI samasyApUrti karake unhoMne adabhata racanAkauzalakA paricaya diyA hai| meghavijayane kirAtakAvyakI bhI samasyApUrti kI thI, kintu vaha aba upalabdha nahIM hai / laghatriSaSTizalAkA puruSacarita, bhaviSyadattakathA tathA paMcAkhyAna unakI anya jJAta kAvyakRtiyA~ haiM / vijayadeva mAhAtmya vivaraNa zrIvallabhake suvikhyAta vijayadeva mAhAtmyakI TIkA hai| yuktiprabodhanATaka tathA dharmamaMjUSA unake nyAyagrantha haiN| candraprabhA, haimazabdacandrikA, 3. gacchAdhIzvarahIravijayAmnAye nikAye dhiyAM preSyaH zrIvijayaprabhAkhyasuguroH zrItapAkhye gnne| ziSyaH prAjJamaNeH kRpAdivijayasyAzAsyamAnAmagraNIzcakre vAcakanAmameghavijayaH zasyAM samasyAmimAm / / zAntinAthacarita, pratisargAnte 298 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ haimazabdaprakriyA unake vyAkaraNa-pANDityake pratIka hai| candraprabhAmeM haimavyAkaraNako kaumudI rUpameM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| varSa prabodha, ramala zAstra, hastasaMjIvana, udayadIpikA, praznasundarI, vIsAyantravidhi unakI jyotiSa racanAe~ haiM / adhyAtmase sambandhita kRtiyoMmeM mAtRkAprasAda, brahmabodha tathA arhadgItA ullekhanIya haiM / ina caubIsa granthoM ke atirikta paMcatIrthastuti tathA bhaktAmarastotrapara unakI TokAe~ bhI upalabdha haiM / saMskRta kI bhA~ti gujarAtI bhASAko bhI meghavijayakI pratibhAkA varadAna milA thA / jainadharamadIpaka, jaina zAsanadIpaka, AhAragaveSaNA, zrIvijayadevasarinirvANarAsa, kRpAvijayanirvANarAsa. covizajinastavana, pArzvanAthastotra Adi unakI rAjasthAnI gujarAtI racanAe~ haiN| yaha vaividhyapUrNa sAhitya meghavijayakI bahazrutatA tathA bahumukhI pratibhA kA pratIka hai| prAntaprazastike anusAra saptasandhAnakI racanA saMvat 1760 (san 1703 I0 meM) huI thii| viyadrasendUnAM (1760) pramANAt parivatsare / kRto'yamudyamaH pUrvAcAryacaryApratiSThitaH / meghavijayane apanI kucha anya kRtiyoMmeM bhI racanAkAlakA nirdeza kiyA hai| usase unake sthitikAlakA kucha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| vijayadevamAhAtmyavivaraNakI pratilipi muni somagaNine saMvata 1709 meM kI thii| ataH usakA isase pUrvaracita honA nizcita hai| yaha meghavijayakI prathama racanA pratIta hotI hai| saptasandhAna unakI sAhitya-sAdhanA kI pariNati hai| yaha unakI antima racanA hai| vijayadevamAhAtmya vivaraNakI racanAke samaya unakI avasthA 20-25 varSako avazya rahI hogii| ataH meghavijayakA kAryakAla 1627 tathA 1710 I0 ke bIca mAnanA sarvathA nyAyocita hogaa| kathAnaka-saptasandhAna nau sargokA mahAkAvya hai, jisameM pUrvokta sAta mahApuruSoMke jIvanacarita eka sAtha anusyUta hai / bahudhA zleSavidhise varNita honeke kAraNa jIvanavRttakA isa prakAra gumphana huA hai ki vibhinna nAyakoMke caritako alaga karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai| ataH kathAnakakA sAmAnya sAra dekara yahA~ sAtoM mahApuruSoMke jIvanakI ghaTanAoMko pRthak-pRthak diyA jA rahA hai| avatAra varNana nAmaka prathama sargameM caritanAyakoMke pitAoM kI rAjadhAniyoM, inakI zAsana-vyavasthA tathA mAtAoM ke svapnadarzanakA varNana hai| dvitIya sargameM carita nAyakakoM kA janma varNita hai / unake dharA para avatIrNa hote hI samasta roga zAnta ho jAte haiM tathA prajA kA abhyudaya hotA hai| tRtIta sargameM nAyakoMke janmAbhiSeka, nAyakaraNa tathA vivAha kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / pUjyarAjyavarNana nAmaka caturtha sargake prathama caudaha padyoMmeM Adi prabhuke rAjyAbhiSekake liye devatAoMke Agamana, RSabhadevako santAnotpatti tathA unakI prajAkI sukha-samRddhikA varNana hai| agale saulaha padyoMmeM kRSNacaritake antargata kaurava-pANDavoMke vaira, draupa cIraharaNa tathA dIkSAgrahaNa AdikI carcA hai| sargake zeSAMzameM tIrthaMkaroM dvArA rAjatyAga tathA pravrajyAgrahaNa karane kA varNana hai| paMcama sargameM kAvyameM varNita pA~ca tIrthakaroMke vihAra, tapazcaryA tathA kaSTa sahana kA pratipAdana huA hai| unake prAkRtika tathA bhautika kaSTa saha kara ve tapase karmoM kA kSaya karate haiN| unake upadezase prajAjana rAgadveSa Adi chor3akara dhArmika kRtyoMmeM pravRtta ho jAte haiN| chaThe sargameM jinendra kaivalyajJAna 1. likhito'yaM granthaH paNDita zrI 5 zrIraMga somagaNiziSyamanisomagaNinA paM01709 varSe caitramAse"""" shriivinydevsuuriishvrraajye| vijayadeva mAhAtmya, prAntapuSpikA / vividha : 299
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________________ prApta karake syAdvAda paddhatise upadeza dete haiN| sAtaveM sargameM chaha paramparAgata RtuoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai / tIrthaMkaroMke samavasaraNake avasarapara bhAvI cakravartI bharata, anya rAjAoMke sAtha unako sevAmeM upasthita hote haiM / digvijaya varNana nAmaka aSTama sargameM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadevake putra, cakravartI bharatako digvijaya, sAMvatsarika dAna tathA jinezvaroMkI mokSaprAptikA nirUpaNa huA hai / na sargameM mukhyataH jinezvaroMke gaNadharoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| .., isa prakAra kAvyameM sAmAnyatayA sAtoM nAyakoMke mAtA-pitA, rAjadhAnI, mAtAoMke svapnadarzana, garbhAdhAna, dohada, kumArajanma, janmAbhiSeka, bAlakrIr3A, vivAha, rAjyAbhiSeka Adi sAmAnya ghaTanAoM tathA pAMca tIthaMkaroMkI laukAntika devoMkI abhyarthanA, sAMvatsarika dAna, dIkSA, tapazcaryA, pAraNA, kevalajJAnaprApti, samavasaraNa-racanA, dezanA, nirvANa, gaNadhara Adi prasaMgoMkA varNana hai| vibhinna mahApuruSoMke jIvanakI jina viziSTa ghaTanAoMkA nirUpaNa kAvyameM haA hai, ve isa prakAra haiN| AdinAtha- bharatako rAjya denA, namivinamikRta sevA, chadmAvasthAmeM bAhubalIkA takSazilA jAnA, samavasaraNameM bharatakA Agamana, cakravartI bharatakA SaTkhaNDasAdhana, digvijaya, bhaginI sundarIkI dIkSA Adi / zAntinAtha-azivaharaNa tathA SaTkhaNDavijaya dvArA cakravartitvakI prApti / neminAtha-rAjImatIkA tyAga / mahAvIra-garbhaharaNakI ghaTanA / rAmacandra-sItAsvayaMbara, vanagamana, sItAharaNa, rAvaNavadha, dIkSAgrahaNa, bahuvivAha, zambUkavadha, rAvaNakA kapaTa, hanumAnakA dautya, jaTAyuvadha, dhanubhaMga, sItAkI agni parIkSA, vibhISaNakA pakSatyAga, vibhISaNakA rAjyAbhiSeka, yuddha, rAvaNavadha, zatrujayayAtrA, mokSaprApti, sapatnI-dveSake kAraNa sItA-tyAga, sItA dvArA dIkSAgrahaNa Adi rAmAyaNakI pramukha ghttnaaeN| kRSNacandra-rukmiNI-vivAha, kaMsavadha, pradyumna-viyoga, mathurAnivAsa, pradyumna dvArA uSAharaNa, jarAsandhakA AkramaNa, kAliyadamana, dvArikAdahana, zarIratyAga, balabhadrakA kRSNake zavako uThAkara ghUmanA, dIkSAgrahaNa, zizupAla evaM jarAsandhakA vadha / isake sAtha hI kRSNa evaM neminAthakA pANDavoMke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha honeke kAraNa pANDavajanma, draupadIsvayaMvara, dyUta, cIraharaNa, vanavAsa, guptavAsa, kIcakavadha, abhimanyukA parAkrama, mahAbhArata-yuddha evaM duHzAsana, droNa, bhISma AdikA vadha Adi mahAbhAratakI pramukha ghaTanAoMkA ullekha bhI kAvyameM huA hai / kathAnakake pravAhakI ora kavikA dhyAna nahIM hai| vastutaH kAvyakA kathAnaka nagaNya hai| caritanAyakoMke jIvanake katipaya prasaMgoMko prastuta karanA hI kaviko abhISTa hai| ina ghaTanAoMke viniyogameM bhI kavikA dhyeya apanI vidvattA tathA kavitva zaktiko baghAranA rahA hai| ataH kAvyameM varNita ghaTanAoMkA anukrama astavyasta ho gayA hai| vizeSataH, rAmake jIvanase sambandhita ghaTanAoMmeM kramabaddhatAkA abhAva hai| udAharaNArtha rAmake kiSkindhA jAnekA ullekha pahale haA hai, unake anuyAyiyoMke ayodhyA lauTanekI carcA bAda meN| sItA-svayaMvara tathA vanagamanase pUrva sItAharaNa tathA rAvaNavadhakA nirUpaNa karanA hAsyaspada hai / isI prakAra hanumAnake dautyake pazcAt jaTAyuvadha tathA dhanubhaMgakA ullekha kiyA jAnA kavike pramAdakA dyotaka hai| kAvyameM rAmakathAke jaina rUpAntarakA pratipAdana huA hai| phalataH rAmakA ekapatnItvakA Adarza yahA~ 300 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ samApta ho gayA hai| ve bahuvivAha karate haiN| unakI cAra patniyoMke nAmoMkA ullekha to kAvyameM hI huA hai / sapatniyoMke SaDyantrake kAraNa rAmako sItAkI saccaritratApara sandeha ho jAtA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa ve usa garbhiNIko rAjyase niSkAsita kara dete haiN| rAmake suvijJAta putroM, kuza aura lavakA sthAna yahA~ anaMgalavaNa tathA madanAMkuza le lete haiN| jaina rAmAyaNa ke anurUpa hI rAma zatrujayakI yAtrA karate haiM tathA pravrajyA grahaNa karake mokSa prApta karate haiN| kAvyakA saptasandhAnatva sAta vyaktiyoMke caritako eka sAtha gumphita karanA dussAdhya kArya hai / prastuta kAvyameM yaha kaThinAI isalie aura bar3ha jAtI hai ki yahA~ jina mahApuruSoMkA jIvanavRtta nibaddha hai, unameM se pA~ca jainadharmake tIrthaMkara anya do hindU dharmake ArAdhya deva, yadyapi jaina sAhitya meM bhI ve ajJAta nahIM haiN| kaviko apane lakSyakI pUrti meM saMskRtakI saMzliSTa prakRtise sabase adhika sahAyatA milI hai| zleSa aisA alaMkAra hai jisake dvArA kavi bhASAko icchAnusAra tor3a-maror3akara abhISTa artha nikAla sakatA hai| isIlie saptasandhAnameM zleSakI nirbAdha yojanA ko gayI hai, jisase kAvyakA sAtoM pakSoMmeM artha grahaNa kiyA jA ske| kintu yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki saptasandhAnake pratyeka padyake sAta artha nahIM hai| vastutaH kAvyameM aise padya bahuta kama hai, jinake sAta svatantra artha kiye jA sakate haiN| adhikAMza padyoMke tIna artha nikalate haiM, jinameMse eka, jinezvaroMpara ghaTita hotA hai; zeSa dokA sambandha rAma tathA kRSNase hai| tIrthakaroMkI nijI vizeSatAoMke kAraNa kucha padyoMke cAra, pA~ca athavA chaha artha bhI kiye jA sakate haiN| kucha padya to zleSase sarvathA mukta hai tathA unakA kevala eka artha hai / yahI artha sAtoM caritanAyakoMpara caritArtha hotA hai / yahI prastuta kAvyakA saptasandhAnatva hai / kavi yaha ukti-kAvye'sminnata eva sapta kathitA arthAH samarthAH zriyai (4/42) bhI isI arthameM sArthaka hai| jo padya bhinna-bhinna aryoM ke dvArA sAtoM pakSoMpara ghaTita hote haiM, unameM vyaktiyoMke anusAra eka vizeSya hai, anya pada usake vizeSaNa / anya pakSameM artha karanepara vahI vizeSya vizeSaNa bana jAtA hai, vizeSaNoM meM se prasaMgAnusAra eka pada vizeSyako padavIpara AsIna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra pAThakako sAtoM abhISTa artha prApta ho jAte haiN| udAharaNArtha sAtoM caritanAyakoMke pitAoMke nAma prastuta padyameM samaviSTa ho gaye haiN| avanipatirihAsId vizvaseno'zvasenopyatha dazarathanAmnA yaH sanAbhiH surezaH / balivijayisamudraH prauDhasiddhArthasaMjJaH prasRtamaruNatejastasya bhUkazyapasya // 1/54 sAtoMkI janmatithiyoMkA ullekha bhI eka hI padyameM kara diyA gayA hai|| * jyeSThe'site vizvahite sucaitre vasuprame zuddhanabho'rthamaye / sAMke dazAhe divase sapoSe janirjinasyAjani vItadoSe / / 2/16 prastuta padyameM kAvyanAyakoMke cAritryagrahaNa karanekA varNana eka-sAtha huA hai| jAtemahAvratamadhatta jineSu mukhyastasmAtpare'hani sa-zAnti-samudrabhUrvA / zrIpArzva eva paramo'caramastu mArge rAme'krameNa kakubhAmanubhAvanIye // 4 / 39 kavikI zailIkA vidrUpa vahA~ dikhAI detA hai jahA~ padyoMse vibhinna artha nikAlane ke lie usane . bhASAke sAtha manamAnA khilavAr3a kiyA hai| padyoMko vividha pakSoMpara caritArtha karaneke lie TIkAkArane jAne-mAne padoMke aise citra-vicitra artha kiye haiM, ki pAThaka camatkRta to hotA hai, kintu isa vajrase jUjhatA vividha : 301
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________________ -jUjhatA vaha hatAza ho jAtA hai / tathAkathita RtuvarNanako bhI kavine caritanAyakoMpara ghaTAnekI ceSTA kI hai / nimnokta padya mukhyataH pANDavacaritase sambandhita haiM, kintu TIkAkArane isase sAtoM kAvyanAyakoMke pakSake artha bhI nikAle haiM / TIkAkI sahAyatAke binA koI viralA hI isake abhISTa artha kara sakatA hai| bhISmo'grato yamavidhiH svaguroraniSTaH kRSNAlakagrahaNakarma sabhAsamakSam / vairAgyaheturabhavad bhavino na kasya daivasya vazyamakhilaM yadavazyabhAviH / / 4/26 zlokArdhayamakase Acchanna nimnokta prakArake padyoMke bhI pAThakase jaba nAnA artha karanekI AkAMkSA kI jAtI hai, to vaha sira dhunaneke atirikta kyA kara sakatA hai ? nAgAhata-vivAhena tatkSaNe sadRzaH zriyaH / nAgAhata-vivAhena tatkSaNe sadRzaH zriyaH / / 6/54 bhASA-saptasandhAna bhASAyI khilavAr3a hai / kAvyoMkA nAnA arthokA bodhaka banAnekI AturatAke kAraNa kavine jisa padAvalIkA gumphana kiyA hai, vaha pANDitya tathA racanAkauzalakI parAkASThA hai| sAyAsa prayukta bhASAmeM jisa kRtrimatA evaM kaSTasAdhyatAkA A jAnA svAbhAvika hai, saptasandhAnameM vaha bharapUra mAtrAmeM vidyamAna hai / saptasandhAna sahI arthameM kliSTa tathA durUha hai| sacamuca usa vyaktike pANDitya evaM cAturyapara Azcarya hotA hai jisane itanI gabhita bhASAkA prayoga kiyA hai jo eka sAtha sAta-sAta arthoMko vivRta kara sake / bhASAkI yaha dussAdhyatA kAvyakA guNa bhI hai, durgaNa bhii| jahAMtaka yaha kavike pANDitya kI paricAyaka hai, ise, isa sImita artha meM, guNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| kintu jaba yaha bhASAtmaka kliSTatA arthabodhameM dulaMdhya bAdhA banatI hai taba kavikI vidvattA pAThakake lie abhizApa bana jAtI hai| vividha arthoM kI prAptike lie padyoMkA bhinna-bhinna prakArase anvaya karane tathA suparicita zabdoMke akalpanIya artha khojane meM bApure pAThakako asahya bauddhika yAtanA sahanI par3atI hai| eka-do udAharaNoMse yaha bAta spaSTa ho jaaegii| savitRtanaye rAmAsakta harestanuje bhuje prasarati pare dautye'dityAH sutA bhayabhaMgurAH / zrutigatamahAnAdA-devaM jagunijamagraja raNaviramaNaM lIbhakSobhAdvibhISaNakAyataH // 5/37 isa padyameM jinendroMkI kAmavijayakA varNana hai| yaha artha nikAlaneke lie zabdoMko kaisA tor3Amaror3A hai, isakA AbhAsa TIkAke nimnokta aMzase bhalI-bhA~ti ho jaayegaa| harejinendrasya bhuje bhogyakarmaNi tanuje alpIbhUte savitatanaye prakAzavistArake jinendra rAme AtmadhyAne Asakte pare atyutkRSTe mokSe ityarthaH dautya dUtakarmaNi prasarati dhyAnameva mokSAya dUtakarmakRditi bhAvaH dityAH sutAH kAmAdayaH bhayabhaMgurAH bhayabhItA jAtAH vibhISaNakAyataH bhayotpAdakakAyotsargavidhAyakazarIrAt jinendrAt lobhakSobhAt lobhasya tadviSayakajayAzArUpasya kSobhAt AghAtAt jayAzAtyAgAt pratyuta nijaparAjayabhIteH zru tigataH mahAnAdA bhayAdeva mahAzabdakArakA dIrghavirAviNaH raNaviramaNam jinendrato vigrahanivarttanaM nijamagrajamagresaraM devaM dyotanAtmakaM moharAja jaguH nivedayAmAsuH / prastuta padyameM kevalajJAnaprAptike pazcAt jinezvarakA varNana hai / yaha artha kaise sambhava hai, isakA jJAna TIkAke binA nahIM ho sakatA / sumitrAMgajasaMgatyA sadazAnanabhAsuraH / alimukterdAnakAryasAro'bhAllakSmaNAdhipaH // 6/57 sumitraM suSThu medyati snihyatIti kevalajJAnaM tadevAMgajaM tasya saMgatyA kevalajJAnayogena dazAnanabhAsuraH dazasu dikSu AnanaM mukhamupadezakAle yasya sa dazAnanastena bhAsuraH lakSmaNAdhipaH 302 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ lakSma cihnameva lakSmaNaM tat adhipAti svasaMgena ghArayatIti lakSmaNAdhipaH alimukteH ale: surAyAH muktestyAgAt dAnakAryasAraH dAnakAryamupadezanameva sAro yasya sa abhAt / / kintu yaha saptasandhAnakA eka pakSa hai / isake kucha aMza aise bhI haiM jo isa bhASAyI jAdUgarIse sarvathA mukta haiN| mAtAoMkI garbhAvasthA, dohada, kumArajanma tathA gaNadharoMke varNanakI bhASA prAJjalatA, lAlitya tathA mAdhuryase otaprota hai / dikkumAriyoMke kAryakalApoMkA nirUpaNa atIva sarala bhASAmeM huA hai| kAzcid bhuvaH zodhanamAdadhAnA jalAni puryAM vavRSuH sapuSpam / chatraM dadhuH kAzcana cAmareNa taM bIjayanti sma zucismitAsyAH // 2/21 naveM sargakI saralatA to vedanA-nigraha rasakA kAma detI hai| kAvyake pUrvokta bhAgase jUjhaneke pazcAt nave sargakI sarala-subodha kavitAko par3hakara pAThakake mastiSkakI tanI huI nasoMko samucita vizrAma milatA hai| suvarNavarNaM gajarAjagAminaM pralambabAhuM suvizAlalocanam / / narAmarendraH stutapAdapaMkajaM namAmi bhaktyA vRSabhaM jinottamam / / 9/30 prakRti-citraNa tatkAlIna mahAkAvya-paramparAke anusAra meghavijayane kAvyameM prAkRtika saundaryakA citraNa kiyA hai / tRtIya sargameM sumerukA tathA saptama sAmeM chaha paramparAgata RtuoMkA varNana huA hai| kintu yaha prakRtivarNana kavike prakRti premakA dyotaka nahIM hai| saptasandhAna jaise citrakAvyameM isakA ekamAtra uddezya mahAkAvya rUr3hiyoMkI khAnApUrti karanA hai| hrAsakAlIna kaviyoMkI bhA~ti meghavijayane prakRtivarNanameM apane bhAvadAridraya ko chipAne ke lie citrazailIkA Azraya liyA hai / zleSa tathA yamakakI bhittipara AdhArita kavikA prakRtivarNana ekadama nIrasa tathA kRtrima hai| usameM na mArmikatA hai, na srstaa| vaha prauDhokti tathA zleSa evaM yamakakI uchala-kUda taka hI sImita hai / vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki zleSa tathA yamakakI durdamanIya sanakane kavikI pratibhAke paMkha kATa diye haiN| isalie prakRtivarNanameM vaha kevala chaTapaTAkara raha jAtI hai| . meghavijayane adhikatara prakRtike svAbhAvika pakSako citrita karanekI ceSTA kI hai, kintu vaha citrakAvyake pAzase mukta hone meM asamartha hai| ataH usakI prakRti zleSa aura yamakake cakavyUhameM phaMsakara adRzyasI ho gayI hai| varSAkAlameM nada-nadiyoMkI garjanAkI tulanA hAthiyoM tathA senAkI garjanA bhale hI na kara sake, yamakakI vikarAla dahAr3ake samakSa vaha svayaM manda par3a jAtI hai| na dAnavAnAM na mahAvahAnAM nadA navAnAM na mahAvahAnAm / na dAnavAnAM na mahAvahAnAM na dAnavAnAM na mahAvahAnAm / / 7/22 zItake samApta ho jAnese vasantameM yAtAyAtako bAdhAe~ dUra ho jAtI haiM, prakRtipara navayauvana chA jAtA hai, kintu isa raMgIlI RtumeM jAtIpuSpa kahIM dikhAI nahIM detaa| prastuta padya meM kavine vasantake ina upakaraNoMkA aMkana kiyA hai, para vaha zleSakI paratoMmeM isa prakAra daba gayA hai ki sahRdaya pAThaka use khojatAkhojatA jhaMjhalA uThatA hai| phira bhI usake hAtha kucha nahIM aataa| duHzAsanasya purazAsanajanmanaiva saMprApito'dhvaniyamo vighaTotkaTatvAt / anye'bhimanyujayino gurugauravArhAs te kauravA api kRtA hRtacauravAcaH // 7/12 saptasandhAnameM kahIM-kahIM prakRtike uddIpana pakSakA bhI citraNa huA hai| prastuta padyameM meruparvatako prAkRtika sampadA tathA devAMganAoMke sumadhura gItoMse kAmodreka karate hue citrita kiyA gayA hai| vividha : 303
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________________ yasminnalaM phalalaladdalazAlizAla-vRndAvanI surajanI rjniishvraasyaa| gItasvaraiH suramaNI ramaNIpraNItaistantanyate tanubhRtAmatanUdayaM sA // 3 / 3 - ina alaMkRti pradhAna varNanoMkI bAr3hameM kahIM-kahIM prakRtikA sahaja sarala citra dekhaneko mila hI jAtA hai| pAvasako rAtameM kambala or3hakara apane khetakI rakhavAlI karanevAle kisAna tathA varSAke jalase bhIge hue galakambalako hilAnevAlI gAyakA yaha madhura citra svAbhAvikatAse otaprota hai| rajanibahudhAnyoccai: rakSAvidhau dhRtakambalaH sapadi dudhuve vArAMbhArAd gavA galakambalaH / RSiriva parakSetra seve kRSIbalaM puMgavazcapalasabalaM bhItyA jajJe balaM ca palAzajam / / 7 / 29 kumAroMke janmake avasarapara prakRti Adarza rUpameM prakaTa huI hai| yahA~ vaha svabhAvataH nisarga viruddha AcaraNa karatI hai / kumAroMke dharApara avatIrNa hote hI dizAe~ zAnta ho gayI, AkAza meM dundubhinAda hone lagA tathA jala aura AkAza turanta nirmala ho gye| zAntAsu sarvAsu dizAsu reNurna reNu bAdhAM tu manAga vyadhAsIt / dadhvAna devAdhvani dundubhInAM nAdaH prasAdo nabhaso'mbhaso'bhAt // 2 / 11 vasantake mAdaka vAtAvaraNameM madyapAnakA parityAga karanekA upadeza dete samaya jaina yatikI pavitratAvAdI pravRtti prabala ho uThI hai / kintu usakA yaha upadeza bhI zleSakA paridhAna pahanakara prakaTa hotA hai / sItApahAravidhireSa tavopahAravyAhAranirbhayavihAravinAzanAya / tenAdhunApi madhunAzanatAM jahIhItyAheva rAvaNamiha svadhiyAlijanyam / / 78 _ isa prakAra anya adhikAMza hrAsakAlIna kAvyoMkI bhAMti saptasandhAnameM prakRti varNanake nAmapara kavike racanAkauzala (alaMkAra prayoga kauzala) kA pradarzana huA hai| prakRtike prati yahA~ vAlmIki athavA kAlidAsa ke-se sahaja anurAgako kalpanA karanA vyartha hai| saundarya-citraNa-prAkRtika saundaryakI bhA~ti mAnava-saundaryake citraNameM kavikI vRtti adhika nahIM ramI hai / caritanAyakoMkI mAtAoMke zArIrika lAvaNyakI ora sUkSma saMketa karake hI meghavijayane saMtoSa kara liyA hai| prastuta paMktiyoMmeM mAtAoMke mukhake atizaya saundarya, stanoMkI puSTatA tathA kaTikI kSINatAkA utprekSAke dvArA varNana kiyA gayA hai| saurabhyavittaM jalajaM pradAya candraH kalAkauzalamujjvalatvam / jAne tadAsyAnugamAd vibhUti prAptI kajendU samayaM prapadya // 1163 uccairdazA syAnnu paropakArAd yuktA taduccastanatA stanAMge / satAM na cAtmambharitA kadAcit tanu svamadhyaM tata eva tasyAH // 171 rasa-yojanA-saptasandhAnameM manorAgoMkA mahAkAvyocita rasAtmaka citraNa nahIM haA hai| citrakAvyameM isake lie adhika sthAna bhI nahIM hai / jaba kavi apanI racanAcAturI pradarzita karane meM hI vyasta ho, to mAnava-manakI sUkSma-gahana kriyAoM-vikriyAoMkA adhyayana evaM unakA vizleSaNa karanekA avakAza use kaise mila sakatA hai ? ataH kAvyameM kisI bhI rasakA aMgIrasake rUpa meM paripAka nahIM huA hai| kAvyakI prakatiko dekhate hue isameM zAntarasakI pradhAnatA mAnI jA sakatI hai, yadyapi jinendroM ke dharmopadezoMmeM bhI yaha adhika nahIM ubhara sakA hai / tIthaMkarakI prastuta dezanAmeM zAntarasakI halkI-sI chaTA dikhAI detI hai / tyajata manujA rAga dvaSaM dhRtiM dRr3hasajjane bhajata satataM dharmaM yasmAdajihmagatAruciH / / prakuruta guNAropaM pApaM parAkurutAcirAd matiratitarAM na vyAdheyA paravyasanAdiSu // 5 / 49 304 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ tRtIya sargameM sumeru-varNanake antargata deva-dampatiyoMke vihAravarNanameM sambhoga zrRMgArakI mArmika avatAraNA huI hai| gopAH sphuranti kusumAyudhacAparopAt kopAdivAmbuja dRzaH kRtamAnalopAH / krIDanti lolanayanAnayanAcca dolAsvAndolanena vibudhAzca sudhAzanena / / 3 / 4 kAvyameM yadyapi bharatakI digvijaya tathA rAma evaM kRSNake yuddhoMkA varNana hai kintu usameM vIra rasakI saphala abhivyakti nahIM ho sakI hai| kucha padyoMke rAma tathA kRSNa pakSake arthameM vIrarasakA pallavana huA hai| isa dRSTise yaha yuddhacitra darzanIya hai / tatrAptadAnavabalasya balArireSa nyAyAntarAyakaraNaM raNato nivArya / dhAtrIjighRkSu zizupAlakarAkSasAdiduryodhanaM yavanabhUpamapAcakAra // 3 // 30 alaMkAravidhAna-citrakAvya honeke nAte saptasandhAnameM citrazailIke pramukha upakaraNa alaMkAroMkI nirbAdha yojanA huI hai / kintu yaha jJAtavya hai ki kAvyameM alaMkAra bhAvAnubhUtiko tIvra banAne athavA bhAvavyaMjanAko spaSTatA pradAna karane ke liye prayukta nahIM hue haiM / ve svayaM kavike sAdhya haiN| unakI sAdhanAmeM laga kara vaha kAvyake anya dharmoko bhUla jAtA hai jisase prastuta kAvya alaMkRti-pradarzanakA akhAr3A bana gayA hai| medhavijayane apane liye bahata bhayaMkara lakSya nirdhArita kiyA hai| sAta nAyakoMke jIvanavRttako ekasAtha nibaddha karane ke liye use paga-pagapara zleSakA A~cala pakar3anA par3A hai| vastutaH zleSa usakI vaisAkhI hai, jisake binA vaha eka paga bhI nahIM cala sakatA / kAvyameM zleSake sabhI rUpoMkA prayoga huA hai| pAMcaveM sargameM zleSAtmaka zailIkA vikaTa rUpa dikhAI detA hai| padyoMko vibhinna arthoMkA dyotaka banAne ke liye yahA~ jisa zleSagarbhita bhASAkI yojanA kI gayI hai, usase jUjhatA-jUjhatA pAThaka hatAza ho jAtA hai / TIkAkI sahAyatAke binA yaha sarga apaThanIya hai / nimnokta padyake tIna mukhya artha haiM, jinameM se eka pA~ca tIrthaMkaroMpara ghaTita hotA hai, zeSa do rAma tathA kRSNake pakSameM / zrutimupagatA dIvya drUpA sulakSaNalakSitA surblbhRtaambhodhaavdraupdiiritsdgvii| suraravavazAd bhinnAd dvIpAnnatena samAhRtA haripavanayodharmasyAtrAtmajeSu parAjaye // 5 // 36 yaha anuSTup isase bhI adhika vikaTa hai / kaviko isake cAra artha abhISTa haiM / kumArI vedasAhasrAn sarAjyAn yatkRte dadhat / ikSvAkuvaMzavRSabhaH zaM-ke-valazriyA zritaH / / 6 / 59 apane kathyake nibandhanake liye kavine zleSakI bhAMti yamakakA bhI bahuta upayoga kiyA hai| AThavA~ sarga to Adyanta yamakase bharA par3A hai| nagaravarNanakI prastuta paMktiyoMse zlokArdhayamakakI karAlatAkA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| na gauravaM dhyAyati vipramuktaM na gauravaM dhyAyati vipramuktam / punarnavAcArabhasA navArthA-punarnavAcArabhasA navArthAH // 1 / 52 zabdAlaMkAroMmeM anuprAsakA bhI kAvyameM paryApta prayoga huA hai / yamaka tathA zleSase paripUrNa isa kAvya meM anuprAsakI madhuradhvani rocaka vaividhya upasthita karatI hai| caritanAyakoMke pitAoMkI zAsanavyavasthAke varNanake prasaMgameM anuprAsakA nAdasaundarya mohaka bana par3A hai| sAMkaryakArya pravicArya vArya virodhamutsArya samarttavaste / sAmAnyamAdhAya samAdhisArAdhikAramIyurbhuvi nirvikArAH // 2 // 6 vividha : 305
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________________ antyAnuprAsameM yaha anuraNanAtmaka dhvani carama sImAko pahu~ca jAtI hai / zabdAlaMkAroMke atirikta kAvyameM prAyaH sabhI mukhya arthAlaMkAra prayukta hue haiM / kumAravarNanake prastuta padya meM aprastuta vaTavRkSakI prakRti se prastuta kumArake guNoMke vyaMgya hone se aprastuta prazaMsA hai / namrIbhavet saviTapo'pi vaTo jananyAM bhUmau latAparivRto nibhRtaH phalAdyaiH / kau - lInatAmupanatAM nigadatyayaM kiM samyaggurorvinaya evaM mahattva hetuH // 3|19 aprastuta Arogya, bhAgya tathA abhyudayakA yahA~ eka 'AvirbhAva' dharmase sambandha hai / ataH tulyayogitA alaMkAra hai / Arogya - bhAgyAbhyudayA janAnAM prAdurbabhUvurvigatai janAnAm / veSAvizeSAnmuditAnanAnAM praphullabhAvAd bhuvi kAnanAnAm || 2|13 vasantavarNanakI nimnalikhita paMktiyoM meM prastuta candramA tathA aprastuta rAjAkA eka samAnadharmase saMbaMdha honeke kAraNa dIpaka hai / vyarthA sapakSarucirambujasandhibandhe rAjJo na darzanamihAstagatizca mitre / kiM kiM karoti na madhuvyasanaM ca daivAdasmAd vicAryaM kuru sajjana tannivRttim // 79 prastuta padya meM atizayoktikI avatAraNA huI hai, kyoMki jinendroMkI kIttiko yahA~ rUpavatI devAMganAoMse bhI adhika manorama batAyA gayA hai / manoramA vA ratimAlikA vA rambhApi sA rUpavatI priyA syAt / na sutyajA syAd vanamAlikApikIrttivibhoryatra surairnipeyA // 956 durjana nindA ke isa padya meM ApAtataH durjanakI stuti kI gayI hai, kintu vAstava meM, isa vAcya stutise nindA vyaMgya hai | ataH yahA~ vyAjastuti hai / mukhena doSAkaravat samAnaH sadA-sadambhaH savane sazaucaH / kAvyeSu sadbhAvanayAnamUDhaH kiM vandyate sajjanavanna nIcaH // 115 isa samAsokti meM prastuta agnipara aprastuta krodhI vyaktike vyavahArakA Aropa kiyA gayA hai / tejo vahannasahano dahanaH svajanmahetUn dadAha tRNapuJja nikuJjamukhyAn / lebhe phalaM tvavikalaM tadayaM kunIterbhasmAvazeSatanureSa tataH kRzAnuH || 3|20 kAvya meM prayukta anya alaMkAroMmeMse kuchake udAharaNa yahA~ diye jA rahe haiM / arthAntaranyAsa - kvacana vijane tasyau svasyo rarakSa na rakSakam | na khalu parato rakSApekSA prabhau hariNAzrite // 59 virodhAbhAsa -ye kAmarUpA api no virUpAH kRtApakAre'pi na tApakArAH / sArasvatA naiva vikaNikAste kAstejasAM no kalayanti rAjIH // 1138 parisaMkhyA - jajJa karavyatikaraH kila bhAskarAdau daNDagrahAgrahadazA navamaskarAdau / naipuNyamiSTajanamAnasataskarAdau chedaH susUtradharaNAt tadayaskarAdau || 3|41 udAtta--pAtrANyamartyA nanRtuH pade pade samunnanAdAnakadundubhirmude / ghanAghanasya bhramato vadAvade mayUravarge naTanAnnisargataH // 28 arthApatti--prItyA viziSTA nagareSu ziSTAH kArAvikArA na kRtAdhikArAH / bAdhA na cAdhAnnarake'suro'pi paro'pi nAropitavAn prakopam || 2|14 vizeSokti-jAte vivAhasamaye na manAgmano 'nta no malInaviSayeSu mahAkulInaH || 3|37 306 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana grantha
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________________ chaMda meghavijayane chandoM ke vidhAnameM zAstrIya niyamakA yathAvat pAlana kiyA hai| prathama sarga upajAtimeM nibaddha hai| sargake antameM mAlinI tathA sragdharAkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya sargameM indravajrAkI pradhAnatA hai| sargAntake padya zikhariNI, mAlinI, upendravajrA, upajAti tathA zArdUlavikrIDitameM haiN| tRtIya tathA caturtha sargakI racanAmeM vasantatilakAkA Azraya liyA gayA hai / antima padyoMmeM kramazaH sragdharA tathA zArdUlavikrIDita prayukta hue haiM / pA~caveM tathA chaThe sargakA mukhya chanda kramazaH hariNI tathA anuSTup hai / pA~caveM sargakA antima padya sragdharAmeM nibaddha hai / chaThe sargake antima padyoMkI racanA vasantatilakA tathA zArdUlavikrIDitameM huI hai / sAtaveM sargameM jo chaha chanda prayukta hue haiM, unake nAma isa prakAra haiM-hariNI, zArdUlavikrIDita, vasantatilakA, indravajrA, svAgatA tathA zikhariNI / antima do sargoMke praNayanameM kramazaH drutavilambita tathA upajAtiko apanAyA gayA hai| inake antameM zArdUlavikrIDita, vaMzastha tathA sragdharA chanda prayukta hue haiM / kula milAkara saptasandhAnameM teraha chandoMkA upayoga kiyA gayA hai / inameM upajAtikA prAdhAnya hai| upasaMhAra--meghavijayakI kavitA, unakI paricArikAkI bhA~ti gUr3ha samasyAe~ lekara upasthita hotI hai (27) / una samasyAoMkA samAdhAna karanekI kavimeM apUrva kSamatA hai| isake liye kavine bhASAkA jo nirmama utpIDana kiyA hai, vaha usake pANDityako vyakta avazya karatA hai, kintu kavitAke nAma para pAThakako bauddhika vyAyAma karAnA, usakA bhASA tathA svayaM kavitAke prati akSamya aparAdha hai / apane kAvyakI samIkSA kI kavine pAThakase jo AkAMkSA kI hai, usake pati meM usakI dUrArUr3ha zailI sabase bar3I bAdhA hai| para yaha smaraNIya hai ki saptasandhAnake praNetAkA uddezya citrakAvya-racanAmeM apanI kSamatAkA, pradarzana karanA hai, sarasa kavitAke dvArA pAThakakA manoraMjana karanA nhiiN| kAvyako isa mAnadaNDase AMkanepara jJAta hogA ki vaha apane lakSyameM pUrNataH saphala huA hai| bANake gadyakI mImAMsA karate hae bebarane jo zabda kahe the, ve saptasandhAnapara bhI akSarazaH lAga hote haiN| sacamaca saptasandhAna mahAkAvya eka bIhar3a vana hai, jisameM pAThakako apane dhairya, zrama tathA vidvattAkI kulhAr3Ise jhAr3a-jhaMkhAr3oMko kATakara apanA rAstA svayaM banAnA par3atA hai| 1. kAvyekSaNAdvaH kRpayA payovad bhAvAH svabhAvAtsarasAH syuH / 1 / 15 vividha : 307