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________________ March-2004 73 'cANAkya - eka dakSiNI kathAnaka IsunI dazamI zatAbdImAM thaI gayelA manAtA digambara jaina sAdhu zrI zivakoTi-AcArye kannaDa bhASAmAM racela kathAgrantha 'vaDDArAdhanA' (vRddhArAdhanA)nI 19 kathAo paikI 18mI kathA 'cANAkya'nI che. jaina granthagata cANakyakathAmAM ane 'mudrArAkSasa'-varNita kathAmAM taphAvata to cha ja. parantu pracalita jaina cANakyakathA karatAM paNa vaDDArAdhanAnI kathA ghaNI judI paDI Ave che, eTale te kathA eka noMdharUpe atre ApavAmAM Ave che. vaDDArAdhanA granthanA mULa sampAdaka Di.ela. narasiMhAcArya che, ane temaNe I. 1949mAM tenuM sampAdana karela che. cANakyanI kathA mULa kannaDamAMthI saMskRtamAM, zodhadRSTie, vidvAn esa. jagannAthe avatArI che, je kerala rAjyanA velIyAnADa (veliyanad) sthita cinmaya inTaranezanala phAunDezananI zodhapatrikA Indic Studies (Vol. 1, 2002)mAM pragaTa thayela che. te parathI atre saMkSepa ApavAmAM Avyo che. esa. jagannAthe keTalAka muddA A pramANe noMdhyA che : 1. vaDDA0 gata cANAkyakathA ane mudrArAkSasagata cANakyakathA-bannemAM Abha-jamIna- antara che. 2. anya digambarAcArya hariSeNakRta bRhatkathAkoSamAMnI cANakyakathA karatAM paNa A kathA ghaNI judI che. 3. zivakoTyAcArye koI grAmya kathAnolokakathAno AdhAra lIdho hovo joIe. 4. ahIM cANakyane 'cANAkya' tarIke oLakhAvyo che. kannaDa bhASAmA prayojAto 'cANAkSa' zabda te A 'cANAkya'no avazeSa hoya, temaja kannaDa Adi bhASAomAM prayojAtA 'cAlAka' zabda anusandhAna paNa A 'cANakya' sAthe hoI zake. 5. 'mudrArAkSasa' cANakyanA jIvananA uttarArdhanuM ja varNana Ape che, paNa koIe tenA jIvananI pUrva-ghaTanAonuM varNana nirUpatA rUpakanI paNa racanA karI hovI joIe, ane tenA anusandhAnamA vizAkhadatte, pUrvavRttAntane uvekhIne tathA pachInA vRttAntane 'vastu banAvIne 'mudrArAkSasa' racyu hoya, tevI sambhAvanA che. 6. cANAkyanI (itara sAhityamAM) pracalita kathAnI tulanA ke tulanAtmaka abhyAsa mudrArAkSasaparamparAnI kathA sAthe hajI sudhI prAya: thayo nathI, tema mAnIne tevA abhyAsanI
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________________ anusaMdhAna - 27 bhUmikArUpe A kathA saMskRtamAM ApI rahyo chaM. have kathA joIe : jambUdvIpanA bharatakSetramAM magadha nAme pura (deza) che. temAM pATalIputra nAme pattana che. teno rAjA nandavaMzano padma nAme che. rANI sundarI ane putra mahApadya teno maMtrI kApi athavA vizvasena che. saMyogavaza rANI ane maMtrIne sneha thayo, eTale maMtrIe vicArya ke rAjAne haNIne rANI sAdhe Ananda karUM. te rAjAne, dhana dATavAnI gupta jagyA dekhADavAnA bahAne upavanamAM kUvAkAMThe laI gayo, ane vizvasta rAjAne haNIne kUvAmAM pheMkI dIdho. te vakhate vanamAM phUla cUMTI rahelA mAlI vasantaka A joIne DarI gayo ane bhAgI gayo. maMtrI vihavala to thayo, chatAM nacinta thaI sthAne gayo bIjI savAre rAjAne maLavA gayo, te na maLatAM tene zodhavAno dekhAva racyo ne zoka paNa karyo. chevaTe mahApadmane rAjA sthApI pote gupta rIte sundarI sAthe nirAMte bhoga bhogavavA lAgyo. paNa mahApadme thoDA ja vakhatamAM badhuM pakaDI pADyuM ane maMtrIne tenA parivAra sAthai suraMga - kedamAM pUrI dIdho. eka nAnA vATakA jeTaluM bAruM rakhAveluM te vATe roja eka vATakI odana ane eka loTo pANI temane apAtuM teTalAmAM ja badhAMe nirvAha karavAno. eTale maMtrIe sUcavyuM ke ApaNAmAMno je puruSa zatrunuM ane nandavaMzanuM nikandana kADhI zake te ja A vAparI jAya ne svasthapaNe jIve; bAkInAM badhAM bhUkha- tarasa veThIne jIvana samApta kare. maMtrInA subandhu nAme putre A mATe tatparatA darzAvatAM tenA sivAyanAM tamAme anna jala tajIne mRtyu svIkArI lIdhuM. 74 traNeka varSa bAda, zatruoe AkramaNa karatAM rAjAne maMtrI sAMbharyo. teNe subandhune bahAra kaDhAvyo ane mAnapAnapUrvaka maMtrI banAvyo. teNe zatruone caturAIpUrvaka pAchA vALyA. rAjA vizeSa khuza thayo. rAjAno bIjo maMtrI hato zakaTAla. tenI putrI nandavatIno vivAha subandhu sAthe thayo. magadhamAM ja zAlmali nAme agrahAra ( grAmavizeSa) hato, tyAM somazarmA ane kapilA nAme dvija-dampatI rahetAM hatAM temane cAra dAMtavALo cANAkya nAme putra thayo. tene joIne naimittika vasantake bhAkhyuM ke A nandavaMzano kSaya karIne kAM rAjA thaze, kAM rAjamaMtrI tenA pitAe paththara laIne te cAre dAMta toDIne pheMkI dIdhA ane ghasIne tenuM moM sama karI nAkhyaM moTA thaI
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________________ March-2004 75 vidyApAragAmI thayela samyagdRSTi zrAvaka evA cANAkyanAM lagna zakaTAla maMtrInI nAnI putrI yazomatI sAthe thayAM. ekavAra zoNa nadInA kinAre tenA pagamAM darbhanI aNI bhoMkAtAM lohI nIkaLyuM, to teNe gussAthI te vibhAganuM darbha ukheDIne saLagAvI bhUkyu. A dRzya maMtrI subandhue joyuM ne Ama karavAnuM kAraNa pUchyuM, to kahyu ke mArA zatrunuM huM nikandana kAhu~ chu. maMtrIe tenI sAthe mitratA bAMdhI. tenI anya parIkSA karIne tenI buddhino kyAsa kADhyo ane pachI rAjA pAse tene 60 gAmonI brAhmaNavRtti baMdhAvI ApI. A pachI subandhue e 60 gAmonA hakadAra brAhmaNone uzkeryA, ane temanI paramparAgata AjIvikA pAchI meLavavAnI vinaMti temanI pAse rAjA samakSa karAvI. pote te vAtamAM Teko paNa Apyo. rAjAe sUcavyu ke cANAkyane tuM khaseDa to A badhAna kAma thAya. subandhu gayo cANAkya pAse ane kA ke "rAjAe mane AjJA karI che ke cANAkya vezyAgAmI ane halakI sobatavALo che, tethI tene kADhI mUka." ane. te sAthe ja dvArapAla dvArA tenA vALa vaDe tene ghasaDAvIne bahAra kaDhAvI mUkyo. kruddha cANAkye nagaratyAga karatIveLA pratijJA lIdhI ke 12 varSamA mahApadmano vinAza karIza; tyAM sudhI 'ardhAruka' (laMgoTa ke ardha-adhovastra) nahi choDUM'. pachI saMnyAsIno bhagavo veSa paherI te mahodakapure jaI vasyo. ___ have te purano svAmI kumuda hato- mayUravaMzano; tenI mandA nAme rANI garbhavatI thaI ane tene candranuM pAna karavAno dohalo thayo. kema pUravo ? te sUkAvA lAgI. cANAkyane jANa thatAM teNe kA, dohada pUro karI ApuM, paNa AvanAruM bAlaka mane soMpavA. rAjAe. hA kahetAM teNe yuktithI candrapAna rANIne karAvyu. kAlakrame putra thayo to tenuM nAma 'candrabhukta' pADyuM. cANAkyane te soMpyo. cANAkye tyArathI ja mAkhaNamAM alpa viSamAtrA bheLavIne tene ucheravA mAMDyo. 16 varSano te thayo tyAre cANAkye tenA svajanAdine bhegAM karI kahyu ke 'candrabhuktamA samrATa thavAnAM badhAM lakSaNo che. huM tene rAjA banAvIza ane tamArI vRtti 16 gaNI vadhArI daIza.' A pachI teNe te rAjAnI senA taiyAra karI zrIparvatanA zikhara para te sarvane rAkhyA ane pote suvarNasiddhinI
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________________ .76 anusaMdhAna-27 zodhamAM nIkaLI paDyo. jaMgalamAM kyAMka tene siddha rasano kUvo jaDatAM koInI madadathI te rasa teNe prApta karyo ane pAcho Avyo. pachI teNe kapaTa vaDe loko pAse mATInA Dhaga aNAvIne zrIparvata para koTa racAvyo, navaM nagara vasAvyu, ane pachI moTI senA laIne mahApadma upara car3I gayo. hAryo. e pachI varSe varSe te caDAI karato, ane hArIne pAcho Avato. ekavAra e rIte hAryA pachI candrabhukta vagerene to teNe ravAnA karyA, paNa svayaM bhAgI na zakatAM bacavA mATe taLAvamA pesI gayo. zatrusainya gayA pachI te gupta rIte pATalIputramA peTho. tyAM eka vaNakaranA ghare jaI tyAM rahetI vRddhA pAse bhojana mAgyu. vRddhAe garama 'yavAgU' pIrasI, ane utAvaLA cANAkye temAM ekadama hAtha nAkhyo. te dAjhyo. te joIne vRddhA bolI : 'A duniyAmAM meM traNa mUrkha joyA.' cANAkye pUchyu : 'mA, te traNa kayA mUrkha ? mane kaho.' tyAre vRddhA kahe: 'pahelo mUrkha tuMH vAsaNanI kinArI parathI jarA jarA yavAgU hAthamAM laIe to dajhAya nahi, ATalIya gatAgama tane nathI eTale. bIjo nandarAjA; pote samartha hato, ane potAne mAravAnI pratijJA karanAra zatru hAthavetamA hato chatAM tene jIvato javA dIdho eTale. ane bIjo mUrkha cANAkya; tenI pAse krodha sivAya zuM che ? pote senApati nathI, kSatriya paNa nathI, ane chatAM rAjA sAme yuddhe caDe che. jo enAmAM buddhi hoya rAjAnA rAjyane vaNasADe, tenA duzmanone potAnA paDakhe le, tenA adhikArIone phoDI nAkhe, bhedanIti Acare, to rAjA ekalo paDe ne tene jItI zake, paNa AvaData joIe ne !' cANAkya tarata tyAMthI nIkaLyo, zrIparvate jaI senAne laI pATalIputra para ghero ghAlyo, ane sAthe ja vRddhAe kahelAM tamAma prayojano pAra pADyAM. pariNAme rAjA jIva laIne nAsI gayo ane subandhu keda pakaDAyo. pachI teNe candrabhuktane rAjA banAvI, mahApadmanI rANI candramatIne tenI paTarANI tarIke sthApI. rAjanI tijorI khAlI jANatAM prajAjanone notarI bhojanapUrvaka madyapAna karAvI nazAmAM ja temanAM dhana saMtADavAnAM sthAnanI jANakArI meLavI lodhI, ane te dhana paDAvI laIne tijorI bharI dIdhI. Ama 12 varSa jUnI, nandavaMzanikandananI potAnI pratijJA pUrI karyAnI khuzAlImA prajA sAthe te khUba nAcyo, ane saMnyAsIno veSa kAyama rAkhIne yazomatIne bolAvI lIdhI. sAmantAdi
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________________ March-2004 77 janone paNa khuza karyA, ane magadhadezanuM pAlana te karavA lAgyo. ekavAra, candramatI ratha para ArUDha thaI, te sAtheja rathanA dazedaza ArA dharatI para par3I gayA. A joIne cANakye bhADyuM ke mayUra(maurya) vaMzanI daza peDhI rAjya bhogavaze. bIjA eka prasaMga rAjA tenA krama mujaba viSamizrita bhojana jamato hato, tyAre rANIne hoMza thaI AvatAM teNe paNa te bhANAmAMthI koLiyo laI lIdho. te garbhavatI hatI. ane te samaye cANAkya tyAM hAjara hato. teNe tatkAla talavArathI rANI mastaka kApI nAkhyu, ane aMdaranA garbhane peTa cIrIne bahAra kADhI lIdho. to paNa bindu jeTalo viSano aMza tenA zarIra para jharelo joI tenuM nAma bindusAgara pADyuM. paraMtu rANInA AvA mRtyune rAjA sahana na karI zakyo, ane teNe tatkAla prANatyAga karyo. pachI cANAkye bindusAgarano rAjyAbhiSeka karyo. te yuvAna thayo eTale cANAkye vairAgyaprerita sAdhujIvana svIkAravArnu vicAryu. subandhune kedamAMthI bahAra kADhI, mAnasahita maMtrIpade sthApyo ane khamAvyo. pachI pote mativara nAme jainAcArya pAse dIkSA lIdhI. Agamo bhaNI ane tapasyA AcarIne teo AcArya banyA, ane saparivAra sarvatra vicaratA ekavAra pATalIputranI najIka vahetI zoNa nadInA kAMThe goSThamAM rokAyA. subandhu temane maLavA to Avyo, paNa pUrvano verabhAva tAjo thavAthI teNe potAnA mANaso dvArA ThaMDIthI rakSaNanA nAme, munigaNa hatA, te goSThanI pharatAM chANAMnA DhagalA goThavAvyA, ane pachI temAM Aga caMpAvI. te Age goSTha ane temAMnA cANAkya Adi munione bharakhI lIdhA. munio paNa zubhadhyAnaArAdhanApUrvaka samAdhi-mRtyu pAmI zubha gatie gayA. cANAkya muni sanatkumAra devaloke gayA. kathAnaka bahu rasaprada che. ghaNI vAto kAMIka judI hoya tevU lAge. temAM paNa 1. candraguptanuM nAma candrabhukta; 2. cANAkya 12 varSanI pratijJA le che, paNa te pUrI karavAmAM lAgatAM ghaNAM vadhu varSa, ane chatAM 12 varSe ja pUrNa
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________________ 78 anusaMdhAna-27 thavAnuM vidhAna; 3. digambara mAnyatA pramANe to candragupte pAchalI vaye dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane te pachI teNe dakSiNanA karNATakadezanA gommaTezvaranA pahADa para sAdhanA karI hatI, paraMtu te vAta-mAnyatAno gaMdha sarakho paNa, eka dakSiNanA jainAcAryanI kannaDa racanAmAM paNa nathI maLato; AmAM to candrabhuktane akAla mRtyu pAmI jato darzAvela che !; A badhI bAbato kyAMka visaMgata to kyAMka navIna hovAnuM mAnI zakAya. abhyAsuone AmAM rasa jarUra paDaze ema mArnu chu.