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CANDRẬNANDA'S. DATE
Ashok Aklujkar, Dept. of Asian Studies
University of British Columbia, VOICA
E, BC
Muni Śrī Jambūvijayajī (1961) has earned the gratitude of the students of Indian philosophy, particularly of the students of the Vaisesika system, by publishing a highly useful and learned edition of Candrananda's commentary (Vrtti) on the Vaiseşika-sūtras. However, for want of evidence, neither he (pp. 12-13 of the Sanskrit introduction) nor Professor Anantalal Thakur (pp. 22-23), who has contributed a scholarly introduction to the volume, has been able to determine Candrânanda's date any more precisely than saying that Candrânanda followed Uddyotakara (fifth or sixth century A. D.). I would, therefore, like to point out that there is evidence to suppose that tenth century A. D. is the lower limit of Candrananda's life-time. The following passages are obviously quoted from his Vrtti by Helārāja (3.6•2-3; Subramania Iyer's edition pp. 210-211), who was In all probability a senior contemporary of Abhinava-gupta (Charudeva Shastri 1930:652-653; Subramania Iyer 1963:xi), the famous philosopher and poetician unanimously assigned to tenth century A. D. by scholars:
(a) dii[sic. dig)-11ngâvišeşād višeşa-lingâbhāvāc calkā dig iti Kāņādāḥ. Cp. dig-lingâvišeşād višeşa-lingâbhāvāc caikā dig ity arthah. (Candrânanda2•2•14 p. 18).
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(b) tatha oe ta [= Kāņādāḥ] evam āhuḥ "āditya-samprayogād bhuta-purvād bhave;yato bhutac ca präc (Vaiseşika-sutra 2'2•14) iti. savitur ahar[sic. Omit]-ahar-ādau yena prakalpita-dik-pradeśena samyogo 'bhūd bhavati bhavişyatı vā tasmād āditya-samprayogāt prācîtı vyapadeśaḥ, prāga[sic. prāJńcaty ata [ādityam] iti krtvā. Cp. savitur aharādau yena kalpita-dik-pradeśena samyogo 'bhūd bhavati bhavisyati . vā tasmad āditya-samyogāt‘prācī’ iti vyapadeśaḥ prāñcaty ata ādityam iti. (Candrânanda on 2.2.16, which is the same as the sūtra cited by Helārāja, the number 14 (in the place of 16) being that of the Upaskāra recension; p. 19).
(c) tathā 'dakşıņā-pratīcy-udīcī ca' [sic. 'tathā dakşınā pratīcy udīcī ca'] (Vaišeşika-sūtra 2•2•15) iti sūtram. tasmad [sic. asmād, reading of manuscripts C and N consulted by Subramania Iyer] evâditya-samyogād pratīpândi[sic. dakş Cinadi, contextually appropriate reading of manuscripts A, D, and H consulted by Subramania Iyer)-vyapadeśah. cp. asmad evêditya-samprayogād dakşınâdi-vyapadeśan. (Candrânanda on 2.2.17, which is the same as the sūtra quoted by Helārāja, the number 15 (in the place of 17) being that of the Upaskāra recension; p. 19).
(a) anenaiva ca prakāreņa pūrva-dakşınadīny antarālarūpāny api dig-antarāni vyākhyātānīty uktam sūtram 'etena dig-antarāņi vyākhyātāni' (Valbeşika-sūtra 2.2.16) Iti. Cp.. anenaiva prakārena pūrva-daksinadīni dig-antarani vyākhyātāni.
(Candrananda on 2.2.18, which is the same as the sūtra quoted
by Helārāja, the number 16 (in the place of 18) being that of
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________________ the the Upaskara recension; p. 19). Furthermore, a quotation the source of which is not known so far, pran-nukho 'nnani bhunjita, is found to be common to works of both Helaraja (3*6*19 p. 225) and Candrananda (6*2.2 p. 48). On the basis of the evidence noted above, Candrananda's date must now be placed between fifth or sixth century A. D. and tenth century A. D. REFERENCES Charudeva Shastri. 1930. "Bhartphari: a Critical Study with Special Reference to the vakyapadiya and its commentaries," Proceedings and Transactions of the Fifth Indian Oriental Conference. Vol. I. Pp. 630-665. Lahore. (Ed.) Jambuvijayaji. Vaisesika-sutra of Kanada with the Commentary of Candrananda. Gaekwad's Oriental Series No. 136. Baroda. Subramania Iyer, K. A. 1963. (Ed.) Vakyapadiya of Bhartrhari with the commentary of Helaraja, Kanda III, Part 1. Deccan College Monograph Series No. 21. Poona. A