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________________ brahmazAnti yakSa mArutinandana prasAda tivArI jaina paramparA meM 24 jinoM ( yA tIrthaGkaroM ) ke zAsanadevatAoM ke rUpa meM 24 yakSa-yakSI yugaloM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| jaina devakula meM jinoM ke pazcAt unase sambaddha yakSa-yakSI yugaloM ko sarvAdhika pratiSThA milii| 24 yakSa-yakSI yugaloM ke atirikta jaina paramparA meM kucha anya yakSa bhI lokapriya rahe haiM, jinameM brahmazAnti kA mahattva sarvAdhika hai| brahmazAnti yakSa ke prAcInatama ullekha la0 9vIM-10vIM zatI I0 ke zvetAmbara granthoM meM prApta hote haiN| digambara paramparA meM brahmazAnti yakSa kA ullekha nahIM hai, isI kAraNa digambara sampradAya meM unakI mUrtiyA~ bhI nahIM bnii| zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparA meM 10 veM jina zItalanAtha ke caturmukha tathA padma para AsIna aura ATha yA dasa bhujAoM vAle brahma yakSa kA ullekha huA hai, para lAkSaNika vizeSatAoM kI dRSTi se brahma yakSa brahmazAnti se sarvathA bhinna hai| dakSiNa bhArata ke digambara sampradAya meM bhI brahmadeva-stambha tathA brahmayakSa kI paramparA hai, kintu svarUpa kI dRSTi se brahmadeva brahmazAnti se pUrI taraha alaga hai|' brahmazAnti yakSa kI utpatti, usake pUrvabhava evaM pratimAlakSaNoM kI carcA umAkAnta zAha ne "brahmazAnti yakSa" zIrSaka lekha meM vistAra se kI hai| brahmazAnti yakSa ke pUrvabhava kI kathA sarvaprathama jinaprabhasUrikRta kalpapradIpa (14 vIM zatI I0) ke "satyapuratIrthakalpa" meM dI gaI hai|' grantha ke anusAra brahmazAnti yakSa (baMbhasaMtijakkha) pUrvabhava meM zUlapANi yakSa thA, jisane mahAvIra kI tapasyA meM aneka prakAra ke kaThina upasarga upasthita kiye the / upasarga kA koI asara na hone ke bAda zUlapANi yakSa mahAvIra kA bhakta bana gayA aura usI samaya se use brahmazAnti yakSa kahA jAne lgaa| prArambhika granthoM meM zUlapANi yakSa ke kaI ullekha prApta hote haiM, kintu unameM kahIM bhI usakA brahmazAnti yakSa se sambandha nahIM batAyA gyaa| isa AdhAra para umAkAnta zAha ne jo mAnA hai ki jinaprabhasUri ne zUlapANi aura brahmazAnti yakSoM kI do alagaalaga paramparAoM ko milA diyA thA, yaha ucita hI hai| upalabdha pramANoM se brahmazAnti yakSa kI paramparA ko 9vIM-10vIM zatI I0 ke pUrva nahIM le jAyA jA sakatA hai| brahmazAnti yakSa kA nirUpaNa sabase pahale nirvANakalikA (pAdaliptasUri III kRta, la0 900 I0) evaM stuticaturviMzatikA (zobhanamunikRta, la0 973 I0) meM huA hai / jinaprabhasUri ke anusAra vi0 saMvat 1081 (= I0 1024) meM satyapura (saccaura-sAcaura, rAjasthAna) meM 1. draSTavya, zAha, yU0 pI0, "brahmazAnti aiNDa kapardI yakSaz2a," jarnala Apha ema0 esa0 yunivarsiTI oNva bar3auvA, khaM0 7, aM0 1, mArca 1958, pR0 63-65 / 2. vahI, pR0 59-65 / 3. vividhatIrNakalpa, ( jinaprabhasUrikRta ), sampA0 jinavijaya, bhAga 1, siMdhI jaina granthamAlA-10, ___ zAntiniketana ( baGgAla), 1934, pR0 28-30 / 4. zAha, yU0 pI0, pUrvanirdiSTa, pR0 62-63 /
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________________ brahmazAnti yakSa 127 brahmazAnti yakSa vidyamAna the|' pAlhaNaputra ke AburAsa (saM0 1289 = I0 1233) meM bhI moDherA (mahesANA, u0 gujarAta) meM brahmazAnti yakSa ke pUjana kA ullekha hai| ghANerAva (pAlI, rAjasthAna) ke mahAvIra mandira (10 vIM zatI I0), kumbhAriyA (banAsakAMThA, gujarAta) ke mahAvIra aura zAntinAtha mandiroM (11vIM zatI I0), sevANI (pAlI, rAjasthAna) ke mahAvIra mandira (11 vIM zatI I0), delavAr3A (sirohI, rAjasthAna) ke vimalavasahI (raGgamaNDapa-bhramikA-12vIM zatI uttarArdha I0) aura lUNavasahI (1231 I0) evaM osiyAM (jodhapura, rAjasthAna) kI pUrvI jaina devakulikA (11 vIM zatI I0) kI brahmazAnti yakSa kI mUrtiyA~ bhI 10vIM se 13vIM zatI I0 ke madhya zvetAmbara sthaloM para brahmazAnti kI lokapriyatA kI sAkSI haiN| .. nirvANakalikA meM jaTAmukuTa, pAdukA evaM upavIta se zobhita, bar3e evaM tIkSNa dAMtoM tathA bhayaGkara darzana vAle brahmazAnti ko caturbhuja kahA gayA hai| bhadrAsana para virAjamAna yakSa ke dakSiNa karoM meM akSamAlA aura daNDa tathA vAma hastoM meM chatra aura kamaNDalu darazAyA gayA hai| zobhanamuni kI stuti-catuvizatikA meM bhI brahmazAnti kA caturbhuja svarUpa hI vivecita hai / yakSa ke karoM ke Ayudha nirvANakalikA ke hI samAna haiM / 3 / / ghANerAva ke mahAvIra mandira kI caturbhuja mUrti (dakSiNa kA vedibandha) brahmazAnti yakSa kI jJAta mUrtiyoM meM prAcInatama hai| yakSa ke hAthoM meM varadAkSa, cakrAkAra padma, chatra aura jalapAtra haiN| kizcit ghaTodara evaM zmazru aura jaTAmukuTa se yukta brahmazAnti lalitamudrA meM padma para AsIna haiN| osiyAM ke mahAvIra mandira ke samIpa kI pUrvI jaina devakulikA (dakSiNa kA vedibandha) para bhI caturbhuja brahmazAnti ko mUrti hai (citra 1) / zmazru aura jaTAjUTa se zobhita tathA kizcit ghaTodara 1. vividhatIrtha kalpa, pR0 29, lAina 21-23 / 2. brahmazAnti piMgavarNa daMSTrAkarAlaM jaTAmukuTamaNDita pAdukArUDhaM bhadrAsanasthitamupavItAlaMkRtaskandhaM caturbhujaM akSasUtradaNDakAnvitadakSiNapANi kuNDikAchatrAlaMkRtavAmapANiM ceti // -nirvANakalikA 21.1 / ( sampA0 mohanalAla bhagavAnadAsa, muni zrImohanalAlajI jaina granthamAlA 5, bambaI, 1926, pR0 38) 3. daNDacchatrakamaNDalUni kalayan sa brahmazAntiH kriyAt santyajyAni zamI kSaNena zamino maktAkSamAlI hitam // taptASTApadapiNDapiMgalaruciryo'dhArayanmaDhatAM saMtyajyAnizamIkSaNena zamino muktAkSamAlIhitam / / -stuticaturvizatikA 16. 4 / ( sampA0 eca0 Ara0 kApaDiyA, bambaI, 1927 ). 4. isa lekha meM yakSa ke hAthoM ke AyudhoM kI gaNanA nicale dAhine hAtha se prArambha karake ghar3I kI sUI kI gati ke krama meM kI gayI hai| 5. draSTavya, DhAkI, ema0 e0, "sama arlI jaina Tempals ina vesTarna iNDiyA", zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya golDena jubilI vAlyUma, bambaI, 1968, pR0 332 /
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________________ 128 mArutinandana prasAda tivArI brahmazAnti lalitamudrA meM bhadrAsana para virAjamAna haiN| Asana ke samIpa haMsavAhana utkoNaM hai / unake karoM meM varamudrA, sruka, pustaka evaM jalapAtra haiN|' brahmazAnti kI sarvAdhika mUrtiyA~ kumbhAriyA aura delavAr3A ke jaina mandiroM meM haiM / brahmazAnti ke sAtha haMsa aura gajavAhanoM ke aGkana ke prathama dRSTAnta inhIM sthaloM para milate haiN| kumbhAriyA ke mahAvIra aura zAntinAtha mandiroM (navacaukI evaM bhramikA vitAna ) meM kula pAMca mUrtiyA~ haiM / brahmazAnti ke nirUpaNa meM svarUpagata vividhatA isI sthala para dRSTigata hotI hai| sabhI udAharaNoM meM brahmazAnti kumbhodara aura caturbhuja tathA lalitamudrA meM sthita evaM dAr3hI aura mUMchoM se yukta haiN| eka apavAda ke sivAya vAhana ke rUpa meM yahA~ hamezA gaja kA aGkana huA hai| mahAvIra mandira kI pazcimI bhramikA ke eka vitAna para aGkita RSabhanAtha ke jIvanadRzyoM meM gomukha yakSa aura ambikA yakSI ke sAtha brahmazAnti bhI utkIrNa hai (citra 2) / bhadrAsana para virAjamAna brahmazAnti ke Asana ke samakSa haMsa tathA karoM meM varamudrA, padma, pustaka evaM jalapAtra haiN| anya cAra udAharaNoM meM karaNDa-mukuTa, channavIra, upavIta Adi se maNDita yakSa ke hAthoM meM varad (yA varadAkSa), chatra, pustaka aura jalapAtra (yA phala) haiM ( citra 3) / zAntinAtha mandira ko pazcimI bhramikA ke vitAna kI mUrti meM pustaka Urdhva dakSiNa kara meM hai aura vAma karoM meM chatra aura padma pradarzita haiN|' vimalavasahI meM brahmazAnti kI tIna mUrtiyA~ haiN| inameM yakSa caturbhuja aura SaDbhuja haiN| caturbhuja mUrtiyA~ devakulikA 54 ke samakSa kI bhramikA tathA navacaukI ke vitAnoM para utkIrNa haiN| pahale udAharaNa meM brahmazAnti kI mUrti supArzvanAtha kI mUrti ke Upara aGkita hai| ghaTodara aura zmazruyukta brahmazAnti yahAM lalitAsana meM haiM aura unake karoM meM varad, padma, pustaka aura jalapAtra haiN| bhadrAsana para virAjamAna yakSa ke pAvoM meM do cAmaradhAriNiyoM kA bhI aGkana huA hai| dUsarI mUrti meM bhI yakSa bhadrAsana para lalitamudrA meM AsIna haiM aura unake hAthoM meM akSamAlA, pustaka, chatra aura 1. mahAvIra mandira ( 8vIM zatI I0 ) ke gUr3hamaNDapa para do aisI dvibhuja sthAnaka mUrtiyA~ hai, jinakI ThiganI zarIra racanA tathA unakA ghaTodara evaM yajJopavIta se yukta honA, unake brahmazAnti yakSa hone kI sambhAvanA vyakta karatA hai| ina mUrtiyoM ke karoM meM jalapAtra aura pustaka pradarzita hai| 2. zAntinAtha mandira kI bhramikA evaM navacaukI ke vitAnoM, aura navacaukI kI pITha para yakSa kI tIna. tathA mahAvIra mandira ke pUrva aura pazcima kI bhramikA ke vitAnoM para do matiyA~ haiN| 3. zAntinAtha mandira kI pazcimI bhramikA ke eka vitAna kI mUrti meM brahmazAnti mahAvIra ke jIvanadRzyoM ke madhya utkIrNa haiM / yahA~ brahmazAnti ke sAtha yakSI bhI AmUrtita hai / sambhava hai yaha mahAvIra ke yakSa-yakSI kA aGkana ho| mahAvIra ke pAramparika yakSa ( mAtaGa ga ) ke sthAna para yahA~ brahmazAnti kA aGkana svatantra yakSa ke sAtha hI brahmazAnti kI mahAvIra ke yakSa ke rUpa meM kumbhAriyA meM nirUpaNa kI paramparA ko bhI spaSTa karatA hai| 4. sAdarI sthita pArzvanAtha (pUrvI zikhara ) aura nADlAI sthita zAntinAtha (pUrvI vedibandha ) mandiroM ( pAlI, rAjasthAna, 11vIM zatI I0) kI do caturbhuja mUrtiyoM kI sambhAvita pahacAna bhI brahmazAnti se kI jA sakatI hai / yakSa ke hAthoM meM varamudrA, chatra ( yA padma ), padma aura jalapAtra pradarzita hue haiM / ina mUrtiyoM meM vAhana kA aGkana nahIM huA hai /
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________________ brahmazAnti yakSa 129 jalapAtra haiN| donoM hI udAharaNoM meM vAhana nahIM haiN| tIsarI mUrti raGgamaNDapa se lage vAyavya vitAna para utkIrNa hai ( citra 4) / SaDbhuja brahmazAnti yahA~ tribhaGga meM haiN| sudIrgha mAlA, hAra, kuNDala, yajJopavIta evaM karaNDamukuTa se AbhUSita, lambI dAr3hI aura mUMchoMvAle brahmazAnti ke vAma pAzva meM haMsa bhI utkIrNa hai| yakSa ke do hAtha varad aura abhaya meM haiM aura zeSa meM chatra, padma, pustaka aura jalapAtra dhAraNa kiyA hai| kiJcit bRhadjaThara yakSa ke dakSiNa aura vAma pAryoM meM ArAdhakoM kI sthAnaka mUrtiyA~ nirUpita haiN| ina ArAdhakoM ke eka hAtha jayamudrA meM Upara uThe haiM / ina AkRtiyoM ke samIpa do cAmaradhAriNI banI haiN| inake dakSiNa aura vAma pAzvoM meM kramazaH 5 aura 4 anya AkRtiyA~ bhI ukerI haiM, jo sambhavataH-sevakoM kI AkRtiyA~ haiN| mUrti ke donoM choroM para haMsa kI punaH do mUrtiyA~ banI haiM / isa prakAra vimalavasahI meM brahmazAnti ke sAtha haMsa kevala eka udAharaNa meM hI AkArita kiyA gayA hai, kintu karoM meM chatra, padma evaM pustaka kI upasthiti tathA yakSa ke zmazruyukta aura kiJcit ghaTodara hone meM ekarUpatA hai| lUNavasahI meM brahmazAnti kI kevala eka hI mUrti milatI hai, jo raGgamaNDapa se saTe agnikoNa ke vitAna para hai (citra 5) / dAr3hI-mUMchoM, jaTAmukuTa, upavIta evaM pralambamAlA se yukta SaDbhuja yakSa kiJcit ghaTodara haiM / tribhaGga meM avasthita yakSa ke dAhine pArzva meM haMsa hai| yakSa ke hAthoM meM varadAkSa, abhayamudrA, padma, sruka, vajra aura jalapAtra haiN| donoM pAzrthoM meM ghaTa evaM mAlAdhArI sevakoM ko cAra AkRtiyA~ haiN| inake samIpa harabAjU abhayAkSa aura jalapAtra se yukta cAra anya puruSAkRtiyA~ haiM / yajJopavIta se yukta ye AkRtiyA~ sambhavataH brAhmaNa sAdhu haiN| vimalavasahI kI SaDbhuja mUrti ke samAna yahA~ bhI donoM siroM para haMsa kI do AkRtiyA~ banI haiN| vimalavasahI aura lUNavasahI kI mUrtiyA~ brahmazAnti ke nirUpaNa meM pUrI taraha brAhmaNa devakula ke brahmA kA prabhAva darazAtI haiM / brahmazAnti ke sAtha kaI anya AkRtiyoM kA aGkana-ina sthaloM para unakI vizeSa pratiSThA kA paricAyaka hai| umAkAnta zAha ne pATaNa sthita AdIzvara mandira evaM kucha laghucitroM meM brahmazAnti ke aGkana kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / AdIzvara mandira kI mUrti meM zmazru aura mUMchoM se yukta caturbhuja brahmazAnti upavIta evaM mukuTa se zobhita haiM aura unake hAthoM meM akSamAlA, chatra, pustaka aura jalapAtra haiN|' jahA~ mUrtiyoM meM brahmazAnti sarvadA saumyamukha haiM, vahIM citroM meM nirvANakalikA ke nirdezoM ke anurUpa yakSa ko bhayAnaka darzana vAlA bhI dikhAyA gayA hai / chANI tAr3apatra-laghucitra meM bhayAnaka darzana vAle catubhuMja yakSa ke hAthoM meM pustaka, chatra, sruka aura varad pradarzita haiM / lalitAsanAsIna yakSa ke samIpa haMsa bhI aGkita hai| pATaNa se prApta kalpasUtra ke citroM meM bhI caturbhuja brahmazAnti kA aGkana huA hai / yahA~ gajavAhana (?) vAle brahmazAnti bhadrAsanAsIna aura upavIta tathA mukuTamaNDita haiN| yakSa ke tIna karoM meM jalapAtra, daNDa, chatra haiM aura eka hasta pravacanamudrA meM hai / 2 saMvat 1470 (I0 1413) ke vardhamAnavidyApaTa meM caturbhuja brahmazAnti kA atyanta rocaka aGkana huA hai, jo brahmazAnti yakSa ke nirUpaNa meM jJAta paramparA ke sthAna para jinaprabhasUri vivaraNita "satyapuratIrthakalpa" kA prabhAva pratIta hotA hai, jisameM brahmazAnti ko pUrvabhava meM zUlapANi yakSa batAyA gayA hai| "brahmazAnti" abhidhAnayukta isa citra meM lalitamudrA meM AsIna yakSa kA eka paira vRSabha para rakhA hai| yakSa ke tIna hAthoM meM pravacana, 1. zAha, yU0 pI0, pUrvanirdiSTa, pR0 61-62 / 2. vahI, pR0 61 /
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________________ 130 mArutinandana prasAda tivArI trizUla aura varad haiN| eka hAtha kI vastu spaSTa nahIM hai|' trizUla aura vRSabha jaina paramparA ke zUlapANi yakSa kA smaraNa karAte haiM, jisakA svarUpa, jaisA ki Age kahA jA cukA hai, ziva se prabhAvita rahA hai| isa taraha spaSTa hai ki brahmazAnti yakSa la0 9voM-10vIM zatI I0 meM jaina devakula (zvetAmbara) meM sammilita hue / umAkAnta zAha ne brahmazAnti yakSa ke svarUpa para brahmA kA prabhAva svIkAra kiyA hai| kintu isa prasaGga meM vicAra karane para spaSTa hotA hai ki brahmazAnti kA svarUpa kabhI sthira nahIM ho sakA, yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhityika paramparA aura pratimAGkanoM meM spaSTa antara dRSTigata hotA hai| vAhana ke rUpa meM haMsa ke sAtha hI gaja aura vRSabha kA aGkana bhI uparyukta dhAraNA kA hI samarthana karatA hai / upalabdha mUrtiyA~ kabhI jJAta paramparA kA nirvAha karatI nahIM dIkhatI haiN| umAkAnta zAha ne haMsa tathA hAthoM meM pustaka aura sruka ke AdhAra para brahmA kA prabhAva svIkArA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA hai ki mAravAr3a aura pazcima bhArata meM brahmopAsakoM kI prabalatA ke kAraNa jaina dharma meM brahmA ke svarUpa vAle yakSa kI brahmazAnti ke rUpa meM kalpanA kI gyo|2 pazcima bhArata meM brahmA kI bikharI huI svatantra mUrtiyoM ke atirikta ajamera ke samIpa puSkara sthita brahmA mandira tathA uttarI gujarAta meM kheD brahmA mandira bhI brahmA kI lokapriyatA ke sAkSI haiN| brahmA kI isa lokapriyatA ke kAraNa hI jainoM ne moDherA, sAcaura, delavAr3A, kumbhAriyA tathA kucha anya sthaloM para brahmazAnti kI mUrtiyA~ sthApita kii| brahmazAnti ke zAstrIya-svarUpa para vicAra karane se usa para brahmA se adhika viSNu ke eka avatAra svarUpa-vAmana kA prabhAva spaSTa hotA hai| nirvANakalikA meM jaTAmukuTa, pAdukA aura upavIta se yukta brahmazAnti akSamAlA, daNDa, chatra aura kamaNDalu se yukta haiM / grantha meM brahmA se sambaddha pustaka, sruka aura haMsavAhana tathA yakSa ke caturmukha hone kA anullekha hai| dUsarI ora agnipurANa evaM vaikhAnasa Agama jaise granthoM meM vAmana ke karoM meM chatra, daNDa aura pustaka ke hone kA ullekha hai| upavIta dhArita vAmana ko kabhI-kabhI lambodara bhI batAyA gayA hai| jJAtavya hai ki brahmazAnti ke sAtha zmazru, jaTAmukuTa, haMsavAhana tathA karoM meM pustaka aura sruka kevala zilpAGkana meM hI pradarzita huA hai| sAhitya aura zilpa donoM meM prArambha meM brahmazAnti kA caturbhuja svarUpa Alekhita huA 1. zAha, yU0 pI0, pUrvanirdiSTa pR0 61 / 2. vahI, pR0 62-63 / 3. vahI, pR0 62-63 / 4. chatrI daNDI vAmanaH ''agnipurANa 49.5 / chatradaNDadharaM kaupInavAsasaM zikhApustakamekhalopavItakRSNAjinasamAyutaM"-vaikhAnasa Agama draSTavya, rAva, TI0 e0 gopInAtha, elimeNTsa Ava hindU AikAnogrAphI, khaNDa 1, bhAga 2, pariziSTasI, pR0 36; khaNDa 1, bhAga 1, vArANasI, 1971 ( punarmudrita ), pR0 163-64; banarjI, je0 ena0, di DevalapameNTa oNva hindU AikAnogrAphI, kalakattA, 1956, pR0 418 /
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________________ SaDbhuja brahmazAnti raMgamaNDapa se lagA agnikoNa kA vikarNa vitAna, lUNavasahI 1231 60 SaDbhuja brahmazAnti, raMgamaNDapa se lagA vAyavya vikarNa vita vimalavasahI, 12 vIM zatI I0 .
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________________ brahmazAnti, dakSiNa bhitti, pUrvI jaina devakulikA, kSosiyA~, 11 vIM zatI I0 brahmazAnti (dAe~), pazcimI bhramikA vitAna, mahAvIra mandira, kumbhAriyA, 11 vIM zatI I0 brahmazAnti (dAe~), pUrvI bhramikA vitAna, zAntinAtha mandira, ____ kumbhAriyA, 11 vIM zatI I0
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________________ brahmazAnti yakSa hai| brahmazAnti ke SaDbhuja svarUpa kI mUrtiyA~ 12vIM-13vIM zatI I0 meM kevala delavAr3A ke vimalavasahI aura lUNavasahI meM bniiN| sAhityika paramparA jahA~ brahmazAnti ke nirUpaNa meM kevala viSNu ke vAmana svarUpa kA prabhAva pradarzita karatI haiM, vahIM mUrtiyA~ brahmA aura vAmana svarUpoM kA samaveta prabhAva darazAtI haiN| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki mUrtiyoM meM brahmA kA prabhAva adhika mukhara hai / haMsa tathA karoM meM padma, pustaka, jalapAtra aura do udAharaNoM meM sruka tathA zmazru aura mUchoM kA pradarzana spaSTataH brahmA ke svarUpa se prabhAvita hai| dUsarI ora chatra viSNu ke vAmana-svarUpa se anulakSita hai| para mUrtiyoM meM brahmA ke samAna brahmazAnti ko kabhI caturmukha nahIM dikhAyA gyaa| sAtha hI nirvANakalikA ke vivaraNa ke anurUpa kucha citroM ke atirikta brahmazAnti ko kabhI bhISaNa darzanavAlA bhI nahIM dikhAyA gayA hai / mUrta udAharaNoM meM brahmazAnti ke sAtha pAdukA aura daNDa bhI nahIM dikhAye gaye haiN| inake atirikta kumbhAriyA kI mUrtiyoM tathA pATaNa se prApta kalpasUtra ke citroM meM brahmazAnti ke sAtha gajavAhana kA aGkana bhI kisI jJAta paramparA se nirdezita nahIM hai / 1413 I0 ke vardhamAna-vidyApaTa meM brahmazAnti kA aGkana spaSTataH vividha tIrthakalpa ko zUlapANi yakSa kI kathA paramparA se prabhAvita hai| yahA~ brahmazAnti kA nirUpaNa spaSTataH ziva se prabhAvita rahA hai / isa prakAra brahmazAnti ke nirUpaNa meM nyUnAdhika brAhmaNa dharma ke tInoM pramukha devoM-bahmA, viSNu, ziva--kA prabhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai| - vyAkhyAtA, kalA-itihAsa vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI-5 1. brahmazAnti kI dvibhuja mUrti kA akelA udAharaNa sevAr3I ke mahAvIra mandira ke gUr3hamaNDapa kI uttarI bhitti para Alekhita hai / zmazru aura pAdukA se yukta yakSa ke dAhine hAtha meM akSamAlA aura bAyeM meM jalapAtra haiM / draSTavya, DhAkI, ema0 e0, pUrvaniviSTa, pR0 337-38 / 2. bRhatsaMhitA 57.41; matsyapurANa 259.40-44 ( matsyapurANa meM brahmA ke eka bAyeM hAtha meM daNDa kA bhI ullekha huA hai ); rUpamaNDana 2.6-7 / 3. chANI tAr3apatra-laghucitra / 4. sevAr3I ke mahAvIra mandira kI mUrti akelA apavAda hai / citra-sUcI citra-1: brahmazAnti, dakSiNabhitti, pUrvI jaina devakUlikA, osiyA~, 11vIM zatI I0 / citra-2: brahmazAnti (dAeM), pazcimI bhramikA vitAna, mahAvIra mandira, kumbhAriyA, 11vIM zatI I0 / citra-3: brahmazAnti (dAe~), pUrvI bhramikA vitAna, mahAvIra mandira, kumbhAriyA, 11vIM zatI I0 / citra-4: SaDbhuja brahmazAnti, raMgamaNDapa se lagA vAyavya vitAna, vimalavasahI, 12vIM zatI ii0| citra-5: SaDbhuja brahmazAnti, raMgamaNDapa se lagA agnikoNa vitAna, lUNavasahI, 1231 I0 / AbhAra-pradarzana citra 2, 3 amerikana insTiTyUTa oNva iNDiyana sTaDIja, vArANasI tathA citra 4 AkiyalAjikala sarve oNva iNDiyA. dillI ke saujanya se sAbhAra /