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________________ bIsavIM sadI ko eka jenetara jaina vibhUti : ku~vara digvijaya siMha DaoN0 ke0 ela0 jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya rAyapura, ma0pra0 jainetara vidvAnoM kA jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM yogadAna bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga se jaina saMskRti kA itihAsa batAtA hai ki jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM jainetara dharmAvalambiyoM ne bahumukhI yogadAna kiyA hai| mahAvIra ke prathama gaNaghara indrabhUti gautama prArambha meM svayaM eka vaidika vidvAn the| unake anya gaNaghara bhI jainetara vidvAn hI the| hamArI dvAdazAMgI inhIM gaNadharoM kI dena hai| yaha acaraja kI bAta hai ki mahAvIra ke gaNagharoM meM eka bhI pApitya nahIM thaa| uttaravarto sadiyoM meM hameM samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, pAtrakesari, akalaMka, vidyAnanda, haribhadrasUri, Adi purANakAra jinasena, kundakunda ke TokAkAra amRtacandra evaM anya AcAryoM ke nAma milate haiN| unnIsavIM-bIsavIM sadI meM bhI hameM varNI-bandhu, svAmI karmAnanda aura kuMvara digvijaya siMha kI gAthAeM milatI hai| pUrva ke sAtha pazcima ke bhI DA0 harmana yAkobI, zUbiMga, ailsaDorpha, DA0 candrabhAla tripAThI, DA0 nAkAmurA aura yano, arnesTa veMDara, maiDama kolekaile, pro0 DailU, DA0 e0 ela0 vAzama Adi vidvAnoM ke nAma sujJAta haiN| mahAvIra kAla se lekara abataka uparokta aura anya sabhI jainetara jaina mAnyatAoM kI tarkabhitA, sAmayika upayogitA evaM vyApakatA se prabhAvita he| anekoM ne jainadharma grahaNa kara usake prasAra aura adhyayana meM yogadAna kiyaa| aneka apane pantha meM rahakara hI jaina vidyAoM ke prakAzana evaM samvardhana meM yogadAna kara rahe haiN| bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha ke pramukha jana-saMskRti unnAyaka jainadharma se prabhAvita hokara jaina hI bana gaye the| inameM se varNI-bandhuoM-A0 gaNeNa varNI, A0 bhagIratha varNI ko kauna nahIM jAnatA ? unhoMne jaina evaM janetara samAja ko ka utthAna kI saritA meM nimijjita kara satpatha kI ora unmukha kraayaa| isa lekha meM hama aisI hI eka anya vibhUti kA paricaya de rahe haiM jo jaina jagata meM Aja prAyaH ajJAta hai, para jisane isa sadI ke lagabhaga tIna prArambhika dazakoM meM sAre uttara bhArata meM jainadharma kI dundubhi bajAI thI evaM AryasamAja ke AropoM kA sapramANa uttara dekara aneka kSetroM meM jainadharma kI pratiSThA bar3hAI thii| isa vibhUti kA nAma hai : bra0 kuMvara digvijaya siMha / janma evaM zikSA kavara digvijaya siMha kA janma maMgalavAra, 5 agasta 1885 ko vIdhUpura (jilA iTAvA, u0 pra0) meM huA thaa| unake pitA ThAkUra bhagata siMha jI apane gA~va ke raIsa evaM jamIMdAra the| usa samaya kuMvara sAhaba ke cAcA ThAkUra raghuvIra siMha mahArAjA bIkAnera ke pradhAnamantrI the| ve kSatriya varNa ke agnikula ke bhadauriyA vaMza ko kulhaiyA zAkhA meM utpanna hue the| una dinoM inakA parivAra dhana-dhAnya-sampanna, vidyAvAna evaM rAjasammAna Adi se pratiSThita thaa| hamAre mitra nandalAla ne inake gAMva kA paryaTana kiyA hai / kuMvara parivAra kI gar3hI Aja bhI maujUda hai para vodhUpurA gAMva ne koI vizeSa pragati kI ho, aisA nahIM lagatA / kuMvara sAhaba do bhAI the| Apake aneka prapautra Aja bhI iTAvA, dillI evaM jayapura meM rahate haiM / Apake eka prapautra ne dillI meM 'bhAdoriyA udyoga' nAmaka eka khyAtiprApta saMsthAna sthApita kiyA hai|
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________________ bIsavIM sadI ko eka janetara jaina vibhUti : kuvara digvijaya siMha 347 kuMvara sAhaba ne apanI prArambhika zikSA apane gAMva ke skUla meM hI pAMca varSa kI umra se prArambha kii| kucha samaya pazcAt ve apane nAnA bAbU brahmAsiMha ke ghara gye| ve choTI juhI, kAnapura meM rahate the| vahA~ inhoMne jilA skUla meM dasavIM kakSA taka zikSA prApta kii| inhoMne saMskRta kA bhI adhyayana kiyaa| unakA hRdaya vicAraka evaM vivekavAn thaa| unakI dharma, deza aura sadAcAra pAlana meM gaharI AsthA thii| apane kuladharma ke prati agAdha AsthA ke kAraNa unhoMne bhAgavata, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, gItA aura vedAnta kA bhI acchA adhyayana kiyaa| una dinoM unake kSetra meM AryasamAja ke vidvAnoM dvArA dharma pracAra kiyA jAtA thaa| kavara sAhaba unake samparka meM Aye / unakI ruci AryasamAja ke prati jgii| tadanusAra, ve sandhyA-vandana Adi kI dainika kriyAyeM karane lge| jainadharma ke prati AkarSaNa kA suyoga ve san 1909 ke phAlguna mAsa meM apanI jamIMdArI ke adhikAra sambandhI rajisTrI karAne iTAvA Ae the| taba iTAvA ke jaina-vidvAn paM0 puttUlAla jI se unakA samparka huaa| unase unhoMne jainadharma kI jAnakArI prApta kii| unakI paMDita jIse jainadharma ke viSaya meM carcA hone lgii| unameM unheM aneka zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna milatA thaa| unakI jijJAsA ko bhAMpakara paNDita jI ne kuMvara sAhaba ko dazalakSaNa parva meM iTAvA Amantrita kiyaa| una dinoM dazadharmoM kA videcana tathA tatvArthasUtra kA pravacana sunakara unheM jainadharma-viSayaka vizeSa ruci jAgRta huI / tava se ve jainadharma ke adhyayana meM samaya dene lge| isake pUrva ve Arya-samAja ke samarthana meM bhASaNa dete the| kabhI-kabhI ve AryasamAja kI ora se jainadharma ke siddhAntoM para prahAra bhI kiyA karate the| kArtika kRSNa caturdazI, san 1910 ko AryasamAja, iTAvA kA vArSika utsava hone vAlA thaa| usameM AryasamAja ke svAmI satyapriya sanyAsI, paM0 rudradatta zarmA, svAmI brahmAnanda Adi aneka vidvAn Ae the| usa samaya kuMvara sAhaba ne ina vidvAnoM ke samakSa aneka zaMkAyeM rkhiiN| ye adhikatara ve hI thIM jo jainiyoM kI ora se AryasamAja ke vidvAnoM ke sAmane rakhI jAtI thiiN| ve ina zaMkAoM kA samucita samAdhAna na kara ske| isase kuMvara sAhaba ke mana meM jainadharma ke prati aura bhI gaharI zraddhA ho gii| iTAvA meM AryasamAja se zAstrArtha karane ke liye vahA~ ke vaidya candrasena jI ne paNDita gopAladAsa baraiyA ko Amantrita kiyA thaa| usa zAstrArtha ke samaya kuMvara sAhaba vahA~ upasthita the| baraiyAjI ko yuktiyoM se ve bahuta prabhAvita hae / unhoMne AryasamAja kA parityAga kara jainadharma meM dIkSita hone kI ghoSaNA kara dii| somavAra, dinAMka 14 mArca 1910 ko iTAvA meM eka jaina sammelana Ayojita kiyA gyaa| isameM kavara digvijaya siMha jI kA jainadharma para sarvaprathama hRdayagrAhI evaM prabhAvaka bhASaNa haa| nyAya divAkara paM0 pannAlAla jI evaM paM0 gopAladAsa jI baraiyA ne unake bhASaNa kI sarAhanA karate hue unakA mAlyArpaNa dvArA sammAna kiyaa| jainatatva prakAzinI saMsthA, iTAvA ne kuMvara sAhaba ko jovanI aura unakA bhASaNa prakAzita kiyaa| yaha aba anupalabdha hai| brahmacarya vrata aura jainadharma pracAra janadharma kI dIkSA lene ke pazcAta unhoMne brahmacarya brata aMgIkAra kiyaa| aneka varSa taka ve RSabha di. jaina brahmacaryAzrama (gurukula), mathurA meM sevA karate rahe aura bAda meM unhoMne apano sevAyeM bhAratavarSIya di0 jaina zAstrArtha saMgha ko samarpita kara dI / unhoMne apanA jIvana jainadharma ke pracAra hetu lagA diyaa| bhA0 di0 jaina saMgha ne pahale to zAstrArtha saMgha ke nAma se aneka sthAnoM para zAstrArtha kiye| para jaba Arya samAja ke vidvAn svAmI karmAnanda jaina bana gaye, taba ye zAstrArtha prAyaH banda ho gye| isake bAda saMgha ne jainadharma ke |
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________________ 348 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa pracAra kA kArya apane hAtha meM liyaa| Adhunika DhaMga se pracAra karane kI dRSTi se saMgha ne eka upadezaka vibhAga sthApita kiyA, eka upadezaka prazikSaNa vidyAlaya bhI claayaa| isa vibhAga meM kArya karane vAloM meM pramukha ka~vara sAhaba hI the| anya sahayogI vidvAnoM meM paM0 hariprasAda nyAyatIrtha, paM0 vidyAnanda zarmA, svAmI karmAnanda, paM. ajita kumAra zAstrI, vANIbhUSaNa paM0 tulasIrAma kAvyatIrtha, veda vidyAvizArada paM0 maMgalasena evaM bAbU jayabhagavAna vakIla Adi the| tabhI se kaMvara sAhaba ne jaina samAja kI ora se AyasamAja vidvAnoM ke sAtha aneka zAstrArtha kiye / san 1927 meM maI mAha meM vilasI (badAyaM) meM AryasamAja ke vidvAna paM0 vaMzIdhara jI zAstrI ke sAtha bhI unakA eka zAstrArtha huA thaa| mA0 di0 jaina saMgha ke upadezaka vibhAga ke vidvAn ke rUpa meM unhoMne deza bhara meM bhramaNa kara dharmapracAra kiyaa| ve siMha kI taraha nirbhIka the aura unhoMne zAstrArtha dvArA digvijaya bhI prApta kii| isa kAraNa unakA digvijaya siMha nAma 'yathAnAma tathAgaNa' ke anusAra sArthaka thaa| __ kaMvara sAhaba janmanA jaina nahIM the| unhoMne parIkSApUrvaka viveka se jainadharma ko utkRSTa samajha jainatva grahaNa kiyA / ataH ve rUr3hivAda ke virodhI the| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba 1927 meM dillI meM sudhAravAdI jainoM dvArA bhA0 di0 jaina pariSad kI sthApanA huI, taba kuMvara sAhaba ne isa kArya meM preraka mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nivAhI thii| isa pariSad kii| sthApanA di0 jaina mahAsabhA ke purANapaMthI logoM kI anudAratA ke phalasvarUpa kI gaI thii| isake pramukha karNadhAroM meM ajitaprasAda jaina, bairisTara campatarAya, ma. bhagavAnadona, brazItalaprasAda Adi the| isa kArya meM kuMvara sAhaba kI bhUmikA se spaSTa hotA hai ki ve udAratA, pragatizIlatA evaM samAja sevA kI pratimUrti the| ve na kevala jainadharma meM vizvAsa hI karate the, apitu ve jaina samAja se usake siddhAntoM ke anurUpa pravRtti karane ke kArya meM ruci rakhate the / jainadharma ke pracAra evaM zikSaNa hetu vindhyAMcala yAtrA prArambha meM jaina saMgha pracArakoM dvArA hI dharma pracAra karatA thaa| ve prAyaH saMsthA vizeSa ke liye candA mAMgane ke udadezya se jAte the / ve bhI zaharoM meM jAte the, gAMvoM kA kSetra unase achatA thA / para upadezaka-vibhAga ke nirmANa evaM kuMvara digvijaya siMha jI ke sakriyaNa ke kAraNa dharma pracAra yAtrAoM kA svarUpa hI badala gyaa| upadezaka ke rUpa meM kaMvara ne uttara pradeza, bihAra, paMjAba, dillI, harayANA evaM madhya kSetra kI yAtrA kI aura jainadharma kI pratiSThA meM cAra cAMda lgaaye| haba SamsuTEST brahmacArI kuMvara digvijaya siMha zrI mUlacandra bar3akura, bar3A zAhagar3ha
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________________ bIsavIM sadI kI eka jainetara jaina vibhUti : kuMvara digvijaya siMha 349 kaMvara sAhaba eka suyogya evaM ojasvI vaktA the| kSatriya kulotyanna hone se unameM teja thA / upadezaka ke rUpa meM ve zveta cAdara or3hate the aura cAMdI ke phema vAlA sapheda cazmA lagAte the| unakI dAr3hI bar3hI huI thii| isase unakA vyaktitva aura bhI manamohaka ho gayA thaa| unake AkarSaka vyaktitva ne unakI bhASaNa kalA ko aura bhI camakAyA / ve jainajainetara samAja ko jainadharma kI prazaMsA dvArA atyanta manomohaka rUpa se prabhAvita karate the| ve siha aura lauha-puruSa ke samAna sthAna-sthAna para zrotAoM ko jainadharma kI zikSA lene hetu bAlakoM aura navayuvakoM ko prerita karate the| jisa prakAra Arya-vidvAn svAmI karmAnanda ke jaina dharmAvalambI bana jAne se jainadharma ke pracAra meM bar3A bala milA, usase bhI adhika prabhAva kaMvara sAhaba ke jaina-dharma pracAra kA pdd'aa| ve jIvana ke anta taka jainadharma ke zraddhAnI evaM anuyAyI rhe| isake viparyAsa meM, svAmI karmAnanda antima samaya meM jainadharma tyAga kara aravindAzrama cale gaye the| upadezaka ke rUpa meM aneka kSetroM kI yAtrA ke atirikta kuMvara sAhaba ne vindhya kSetra ke aneka sthAnoM kI yAtrA kI thii| satanA, zahaDola, chatarapura aura anya sthAnoM ke loga Aja bhI unakI dhavala vezabhUSA evaM prabhAvI bhASaNoM kA smaraNa karate haiM / satanA nagara meM unhoMne eka caumAsA bitAyA aura dharma zikSA hetu kakSAyeM calAI thiiN| unake bhASaNoM se prabhAvita hokara satanA nagara se do vyakti unake sAtha kucha dinoM taka unakI dharma pracAra-yAtrA meM rhe| unameM se eka bar3A zAhagar3ha (chatarapura) nivAsI zrI mUlacandra bar3hakura bhI the| ve lagabhaga eka varSa taka unake sAtha rhe| unake satsaMga se unake mana meM vicAra AyA thA ki ve apane putroM ko kuMvara sAhaba jaisA banAyeMge / sambhavataH unakI dhArmika preraNA hI zrI bar3hakura ke putroM meM dhArmika evaM samAja sevA ke kSetra meM kArya karane ke liye phalavatI huI hai / yaha sukhada saMyoga hI hai ki merI sUcanA ke anusAra, unake hI eka putra prastuta sAhitya yajJa ke hotA hai / zrI dazaratha jaina eDavokeTa ke anusAra, kuMvara sAhaba ko eka bAra chatarapura mahArAja vizvanAtha siMha ne eka sarva dharma sammelana ke liye jainadharma ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM chatarapura Ane ke liye nimantrita kiyA thaa| unake bhASaNoM kA jainetaroM ke sAtha jainoM para bhI prabhAva par3A evaM chatarapura meM eka zamAM baMdha gayA thaa| ve mUrtipUjA ke manovaijJAnikataH samarthaka the / chatarapura ke tatkAlIna samaiyAjana unake mUrtipUjA-sambandhI toM se itane prabhAvita hue ki unhoMne usa samaya apane caityAlaya meM mUrtipUjA prArambha kara dI thii| karmaNA jaina ko vizeSatA kuMvara sAhaba janmanA jaina nahIM the, karmaNA jaina the| jainetara kula se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa unako karmatA aura bhI prabhAvI evaM preraka bana gaI thii| isakA kAraNa unakA bahu-darzanI jJAna evaM bahu-AyAmI pariveza rahA hai| isase usakI anekAMta dRSTi, ahiMsA bhAvanA tathA Izvara ke sRSTi kartRtva-sambandhI jaina vicAra unheM jama gaye / pUjya gaNezaprasAda varNI para bhI yaha tathya lAgU hotA hai / vastutaH janetara vyakti kiMcit taTastha rahakara viSaya kA vastugata vizleSaNa karatA hai, isaliye vaha prabhAvI ho jAtA hai / aise hI vyakti preraNA-srota hote haiN| 'anekAnta' ke vartamAna saMpAdaka paM0 padmacandra zAstrI ke vyaktitva aura abhivyaktitva kA nirmANa kaMvara sAhaba kI preraNA se hI huA hai| unhoMne padmacandra jI ke pitAjI se 1927 meM kahA thA "padmacandra ko vidvAn bnaao|" bAlaka ke sira para hAtha rakhakara praraNA evaM AzIrvAda bhI diyA thaa| isI kAraNa paM0 padmacandra jI brahmacaryAzrama, mathurA meM aura bAda meM saMgha ke upadezaka vidyAlaya meM adhyayana hetu bheje jA ske| paNDitajI ne apane eka lekha meM yaha bAta svIkAra kI hai ki maiM nirbhIkatApUrvaka aisI bAta likha detA hU~ jisase sthitipAlaka tathA anya loga, sahana nahIM kara pAne ke kAraNa, ruSTa ho jAte haiN| unakI yaha spaSTavAditA kI vRtti kaMvara sAhaba kI hI dena hai| ve 'anekAnta' ke 'jarA sociye stambha ke antargata aise aneka viSayoM evaM prakaraNoM para prakAza DAlate haiM jinase samAja ke vartamAna ke sAtha bhaviSya bhI kIrtimAna bana sakatA hai|
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________________ 350 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [ khaNDa vartamAna meM, sAmAnya jaina yaha mAnatA hai ki use apanA dharma janmanA uttarAdhikAra ke rUpa meM milA hai / ataH usakI dharma meM gaharI AsthA evaM pravRtti nahIM hotii| yaha ThIka usI prakAra kI bAta hai ki jina logoM ko paryApta dhana kA uttarAdhikAra milatA hai, ve usakA mahatva nahIM AMka paate| isake viparyApta meM, jo apane parizrama se saMpatti ajita karate haiM, ve hI usakA sahI mUlyAMkana karate haiN| usake saMrakSaNa evaM abhivardhana ke liye dattacitta rahate haiN| kavara sAhaba ne bhI jainadharma ko apane viveka se apanAyA thA, ataH unhoMne isakI mahattA aura upayogitA kA apane liye tathA samAja ke liye sadupayoga kiyaa| maiMne AcArya rajanIza ke eka pravacana meM eka laghu kathA par3ho thii| eka bAra amarIkA kA sarvAdhika sampanna vyakti hainarI phorDa landana gyaa| vahAM sTezana para usane sarvAdhika saste hoTala ke bAre meM jAnakArI kii| pUchatAcha ke daurAna hoTala vAle ne kahA, "ApakA ceharA amarIkA ke hainarI phorDa ke prakAzita phoTo se milatA hai|" hainarI ne kahA, "hA~, maiM vahI vyakti huuN|" "mahodaya, para Apake lar3ake jaba yahA~ Ate haiM, to sabase mahagA hoTala pUchate haiN| aura Apa........"sabase sastA hoTala pUcha rahe haiM ? "maiM garIba bApa kA beTA huuN| maiMne apane zrama evaM sUjha-bUjha se yaha sampatti ajita kI hai| ise maiM yoM hI kharca nahIM kara sktaa| mere beTe amIra bApa ke beTe haiN| unheM binA zrama kiye uttarAdhikAra meM dhana milA hai / ataH ve maMhage hoTaloM meM kharca kara sakate haiN|" isa ghaTanA se hameM zikSA lenA cAhiye ki uttarAdhikAra meM mile dharma meM jo acchAiyAM yA vizeSatAeM haiM, unheM hama adhyayana evaM viveka se jaan-phcaaneN| unake prati AsthAvAn banakara apane jIvana meM utaareN| hama janmanA to hai hI, karmaNA bhI jaina banane kA prayatna kareM / karmaNA jaina banane kA vizeSa mahatva hai| asAmayika nidhana san 1910 se kuMvara sAhaba ne nirantara jainadharma kI sevA kii| isa kArya meM unake parivAra janoM ne koI bAdhA nahIM ddaalii| unakI patnI hindUdharma kA hI pAlana karatI rahI para usane unake jaina banane evaM usake pracAra meM saMlagna rahane ke liye kisI prakAra kI Apatti nahIM kii| hA~, kuvara sAhaba ke kAraNa samUce parivAra meM udAratA ke bIja avazya pnpe| yaha sahI hai ki unake putroM ne unake mArga kA anukaraNa nahIM kiyaa| zAstrArtha saMgha aura phira jaina saMgha meM rahakara kuMvara sAhaba ke jainadharma kA jitanA pracAra kiyA, usake prati jaina samAja jitanI bhI kRtajJatA vyakta kare, kama hai|| ___ dharmapracAra ke atirikta, unhoMne kucha sAhitya bhI racA thaa| hamAre mitra zrI jaina ne isa sAhitya kI prApti ke liye yatna bhI kiyA, para vaha unheM nahIM mila skaa| kahate haiM ki choTI-moTI kula milAkara unakI bAIsa pustakeM haiM / inakA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva anusandhAna viSaya ke rUpa meM lenA cAhiye / aise karmaTha, sevAbhAvI vyakti kA nidhana zAstrArtha saMgha ke ambAlA chAvanI kendra para dharmapracAra karate hue 7 apraila 1935 ko ho gyaa| mere zraddhAsumana unheM samarpita hai / *. "jaina darzana" saMghAMka, 'vIra' ke bhilAI aMka, paM0 padmacandra zAstrI, ena0 ela0 jaina, DA0 DI0 ke0 jaina, bhiMDa Adi ke lekhoM-sUcanAoM evaM sahayoga ke AdhAra para sAbhAra likhita /