Bhiksha

Author(s): Jankinarayan Shrimali
Publisher: Z_Jain_Vidyalay_Granth_012030.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211600/1

Page #1
1 jAnakInArAyaNa zrImAlI bhA bhAratIya saMskRti meM zikSA zabda atyanta pavitra, Adarza aura upakArI mAnA gayA hai| 'zikSaiva zikSA' kA artha hai - guru dvArA ziSya ko dI gaI siikh| isa sIkha ko, zikSA ko sarvopakAriNI mAnA gayA hai arthAt yaha sabhI prakAra ke upakAra karanevAlI hai| zikSa se zikSA kA nirmANa huA hai jo ki sIkhane kA pratIka hai aura sIkhane kI prakriyA AjIvana calatI rahatI hai| isaliye zikSA bhI jIvana paryaMta calanevAlI prakriyA hai| sabhI prakAra kI vidyAe~ sIkhane se hI phaladAI hotI haiN| veda meM samatA ko zikSA mAnA gayA hai| bhAratIya sAhitya meM veda aura upaniSada athAha jJAna ke bhaMDAra haiN| vaise to upaniSada kahAniyoM tathA pArasparika saMvAdapUrvaka tatva kA bodha karAte haiM aura isa prakAra sabhI upaniSada zikSAprada haiM kintu taittarIya-upaniSada meM sIdhA hI zikSA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| taittarIya-upaniSada meM zikSAvalI nAma se eka svataMtra adhyAya meM zikSA kI vivecanA karate hue, zikSA prApta karane ke sAdhana, vidhi aura sAvadhAniyoM kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa saba viSaya ko samajhAne ke sAtha upaniSada sagarva prazna karatA hai - kiM-kiM-na sAdhayati kalpalataiva vidyA - arthAt vidyA kalpalatA hai jo ki kalpanAmAtra se vAMchita phala pradAna karatI hai aura yaha kalpalatA kyA nahIM kara sakatI arthAt saba kucha kara sakatI hai| Aja hama dekhate haiM ki upaniSada kI yaha thothI garvokti nahIM hai| Adhunika vijJAna kI pragati, TelIphona, dUradarzana aura antarikSa kI yAtrA Adi asaMbhava ko kalpalatA vidyA ne pratyakSa saMbhava karake dikhA diyA hai| zikSA se bhautika aura AdhyAtmika donoM prakAra kI pragati hotI hai| AdhyAtmika pariveza para, adhiSThAna para AdhArita bhautika zikSA kalyANakArI hotI hai| sAtha hI zikSA vyakti kA caritra nirmANa karatI hai| satat saMskAroM se zikSita hue vyakti kA AcaraNa prApta zikSA ke anurUpa hotA hai| isa prakAra zikSA prathamata: vyaSTi aura phira samaSTi kI racanA karatI hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM zikSA kA itanA mahatva hai ki kevala 32 . varSa kI Ayu meM apanI jIvanalIlA pUrNa kara lene vAle jagadguru AdyazaMkarAcAryajI ne jina viSayoM ko bhASya ke lie prAthamikatA se cunA unameM zikSA ko Azcaryacakita kara dene vAlA mahatva dete hue cunA hai| hamAye yahA~ cAra puruSArtha-dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa haiN| zikSA tInoM puruSArthoM ko pUrNa karate hue vyakti kI carama AkAMkSA mokSa ko bhI sulabha karAtI hai| zrImad zaMkarAcAryajI ne mokSa prApti ke sabhI vikalpoM para vicAra karate hue aMta meM ghoSaNA kI kikevala jJAna hI mokSa kA sAkSAt sAdhana hai| yaha bhI vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya hai ki guru apane ziSya ko sabhI prakAra kI zikSApUrNa ho jAne para samAvartana saMskAra karAte samaya use AjJA detA hai- 'satyaM vada, dharmaM cara' arthAt satya bhASaNa karo tathA dharma kA AcaraNa kro| ina donoM AdarzoM kI nIMva para bhAratIya samAja kI kAlajayI racanA huii| yahI kAraNa hai ki vizva kI aneka ati prAcIna sabhyatAe~ kAla ke gAla meM samA gaI kintu bhAratIya sabhyatA aura saMskRti Aja bhI cirajIvI aura satata pravahamAna hai| AnandamayI zikSA - hamArI zikSA kI avadhAraNA kabhI bhI rukSa nahIM rhii| zikSA ko brahmavidyA kahA gayA hai aura brahma sadaiva rasasvarUpa hai| usa rasa kI prApti hone para yaha jIva rasamayaAnandamaya ho jAtA hai| usa rasa ke paripAka se puruSa nirbhaya ho jAtA hai| yaha veda kI ghoSaNA hai jo saMsAra ko zikSA ke mAdhyama se nirbhaya aura Anandamaya banAtA hai| gurudeva ravindranAtha Taigora kI zikSA AnandamayI thI kyoMki vaha bhayarahita thii| kahAnI - eka bAra zAMtiniketana kI sthApanA ke bAda gurudeva Taigora ke vidyAlaya meM apane chAtroM kA zikSaNa dekhane kucha abhibhAvaka aae| unhoMne dekhA kucha chAtra gurudeva ke sAmane baiThe ekAgracitta se par3ha rahe haiM jabaki kucha per3a para baiThe Ama cUsa rahe haiM aura kucha dhUla meM khela rahe haiN| una abhibhAvakoM ne gurudeva se jijJAsA kI to unhoMne batAyA jisa samaya chAtra ko zikSA meM rasa Ae usI samaya maiM unheM zikSA detA hU~ kinta khelanA, Ama khAnA aura mukta prakRti kA Ananda lenA bhI zikSA hai| Aja AnandamayI zikSA ke lie karoDoM bAlaka tarasa rahe haiN| vidvata khaNDa/96 zikSA-eka yazasvI dazaka

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jIvana satya se paricita zikSA : AnandamayI zikSA Avazyaka hai kintu bhUkhe peTa meM Ananda kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| isa satya se bhAratIya dArzanika aura upaniSadakAra paricita the| isalie zruti ne brahmajJAna prApta karane ke, zikSA prApta karane ke jo stara taya kie unameM prathama stara anna thaa| brahmajJAna kA prathama dvAra anna thaa| anna ke lokottara maiM anna hU~, maiM anna hU~- yaha unmatta bhAva eka kRtArtha hRdaya kA udgAra hai| vijaya kA udghoSa hai| isalie kArlamArksa ne bhUkha ke viruddha saMgharSa kI jo ghoSaNA kI thI, vaha anyathA nahIM thI kintu saMgharSa kA patha zikSA-saMskAra vihIna hone se vaha ghoSaNA sArthaka na ho skii| bhAratIya zikSA paddhati meM bhUkha ke viruddha saMgharSa hai kintu usakA adhiSThAna AdhyAtmika hai| yaha eka AdhyAtmika saMgrAma hai jise nyAsI bhAva (TrasTIzipa priMsipala) ke mAdhyama se sampatti samAja kI, ke bhAva se jItA jAtA hai| tena tyaktena bhuMjithA' - tyAgapUrvaka upayoga karane se yaha saMgharSa jItA jA skegaa| ___ nAsiketa upAkhyAna - vaidika bhAratIya zikSA kisa prakAra ke bAlaka taiyAra karatI thI isakA udAharaNa denA ucita hogaa| maharSi uddAlaka ne vizvajita nAmaka yajJa ke bAda godAna prAraMbha kiyaa| uddAlaka ke putra naciketA ne dekhA ve gAe~ jhukakara jala nahIM pI sakatI thIM, ghAsa nahIM cabA sakatI thIM, unake stana dUdharahita the aura indriyA~ thaka cukI thiiN| aisI jarAjIrNa gAyoM ke dAna se pitA kA apayaza hogaa| aisA socakara zraddhA se Avezita naciketA ne tIna bAra pitA ko godAna se rokA to kruddha pitA ne usa kumAra (choTe bAlaka) ko mRtyu ko dAna kara diyaa| naciketA yamaloka ko cala par3A aura pazcAtApa se dagdha usake pitA mUrchita hokara gira pdd'e| naciketA ne bAda meM yama se brahmavidyA kA dAna prApta kiyaa| yaha kahAnI vizva kI sarvAdhika bhASAoM meM anudita ho cukI hai| isameM satyaM vada, dharma cara ke Adarza ko yathArtha meM pariNita karane, kathanI aura karanI kI ekatA ko sAkSAt jIvana meM sAkAra karane kA prasaMga hai| aisI thI hamArI shikssaa| Adhunika yuga ke parivartanoM ke bIca bhI satyaM vada, dharma cara ke Adarza para AdhArita zikSA eka Adarza samAja, rASTra aura vizva ke nirmANa meM samartha hai| yaha dAyitva chAtroM kA hai| upaniSada kahate haiM - chAtra hI guru hai kyoMki vaha prazna karake uttara ke mAdhyama se jJAna ko prakaTa karavAtA hai| samavedanA amerikA ke rASTrapati mi0 ebrAhama liMkana apane aneka lokottara guNoM ke kAraNa kAphI prasiddha hue haiN| eka bAra jAte hue mArga meM unhoMne kIcar3a meM eka bImAra sUara ko pha~se hue dekhaa| dekhakara bhI ve ruke nahIM, Age bar3he cale gaye; kintu thor3I dUra jAne ke bAda ve puna: vApasa lauTe aura apane hAthoM se kIcar3a se sUara ko bAhara nikaalaa| logoM ne hairAnI se isakA sababa pUchA to ve bole, "maiM Avazyaka kArya meM vyasta hone ke kAraNa ise kIcar3a meM pha~sA huA dekhakara calA to gayA, para mere hRdaya meM eka vedanAsI banI rahI, maine usI vedanA ko dUra karane ke liye ise nikAlA hai|' dukhiyoM ko dekhakara hamAre hRdaya meM jo TIsa uThatI hai, usI ko miTAne ke lie hama dukhiyoM kA duHkha dUra karate haiN| isameM upakAra aura ehasAna kI bAta nahIM hai| brahmapurI cauka, bIkAnera (rAja.) zikSA-eka yazasvI dazaka vidvata khaNDa/97