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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha bhAratIya saMskRti aura paramparA meM nArI / --pro. kalyANamala lor3hA BHABHI.IMHHHHHHHHHHHmAmAmAmA bhAratIya saMskRti aura paramparA meM nArI ke sthAna aura mahattva ko lekara aneka bhrAntiyA~ pracalita haiN| vaidika kAla, zramaNasaMskRti, brAhmaNa, paurANika aura madhyayuga taka usakI sAmAjika, dhArmika aura sAMskRtika sthiti para aneka AkSepa kiye gaye haiN| ina sabakA kAphI nirAkaraNa ho cukA hai phira bhI aba taka dhUmilatA vyApta hai|| vaidikakAla ko hI leN| Rgveda meM hI aneka tattvoM kI adhiSThAtrI deviyA~ haiM, jinheM deva-mAtAe~ yA deva-kanyAe~ kahA gayA hai| aditi, uSA, indrANI, ilA, bhAratI, hotrA, zraddhA, prapina isake pramANa haiN| inameM aditi kA hI sarvAdhika ullekha hai| jisa prakAra mizra nivAsI 'mAta' aura yUnAnI 'themisa' ko mAnate the, usI prakAra Arya aditi ko mitra, varuNa, Aditya, indra Adi kI deva-mAtA ke rUpa meM / aditi ke sAtha diti (daitya mAtA) kA bhI Rgveda meM ullekha hai-vaha bhI devI hI mAnI gayI hai| isI prakAra vAk ko bhI devI hI ginA gayA hai| ammRNa RSi kI putrI vAgdevI eka sUkta (10-125) kI hma SikA haiM aura isI prakAra zraddhA bhii| ilA ko mAnava-jAti kA paurohitya karane vAlI kahA gayA hai / lopAmudrA, ghoSA Adi aneka mahilAe~ RSikAe~ thiiN| devIkaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika jIvana meM bhI nArI atyanta samAhRta thiiN| 'gRhiNI gRhamucyate' hI unakA sAmAjika Adarza thA / kanyAoM kA Adara thA; ve parivAra kA dAyitva nibhAtI thiiN| avivAhita kanyA pitR sampatti kI adhikAriNI thii| strI-zikSA kA bhI yatheSTa pracAra thA / ve vedAdhyayana karatI thiiN| atharvaveda ne to yaha Adeza hI diyA ki vahI kanyA vivAha meM saphala ho sakatI hai, jisakI ucita zikSA-dIkSA huI ho| hArIta ne nAriyoM kA vibhAjana hI brahmavAdinI aura sadyovadhU (dvividhAH strIyaH brahmavAdinyaH sadyovadhavazca) kiyA hai| Apastambadharma sUtra (1-51-8) aura yamasmRti meM bhI yahI Alekha hai| brahmavAdinI vedAdhyayana karatI thIM aura sadyovadhU vivAha / ese aneka udAharaNa hamAre itihAsa meM upalabdha haiM ki brahmavAdinI nAriyoM ne utkaTa pANDitya kA pramANa diyA / aneka vidvAnoM kA vicAra hai ki vaidika nAriyA~ yuddha meM bhI bhAga 240 / chaThA khaNDa : nArI samAja ke vikAsa meM jaina sAdhviyoM kA yogadAna www.jainelibre
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________________ MisAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha || IIIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHANE latI thiiN| agastya ke purohita khela RSi kI patnI vizvalA isakA udAharaNa hai / mudgalAnI kA aneka gAyoM ko yuddha meM jItakara lAne kA bhI prasaMga prApta hotA hai| pati-patnI yajamAna banakara barAbara yajJAnuSThAna karate the / sAyaNa ne isakA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai / vaidika yuga ke nArI-samAja ko isa sthiti kI yadi hama yUnAna aura romana samAja se tulanA kareM, to jJAta hogA ki hamArI saMskRti meM nArI samAja kA kitanA adhika sammAna thA / Devisa ne apane prasiddha grantha 'e zorTa hisTrI Ava vimena' meM isakA vivaraNa diyA hai| har3appA aura moheMjadADoM ke prApta avazeSoM se yaha aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki usa yuga meM bhI striyA~ puruSoM ke samAna hI apanA sAmAjika dAyitva va kartavya nibhAtI thiiN| DaoN0 zakuntalA rAva kA grantha 'vimena ina vaidika eja' ina sabakA eka aitihAsika dastAveja aura grantha hai / yaha sahI hai ki yatra-tatra nArI samAja para usa yuga meM bhI AkSepa kiye gaye the para ve nagaNya haiM / jIvana ke sabhI kSetroM meM ve samAdata thIM, unakA yogadAna viziSTa thaa| kAvya, kalA Adi meM bhI ve nipuNa thiiN| isa sandarbha meM luI jekoliyaTa kA abhimata darzanIya hai / ve likhate haiM'vedoM meM nArI ko devI samajhA gayA, yahI isa bhrAMti kA nirAkaraNa kara detA hai ki 'prAcIna bhAratIya samAja meM ve sammAnita nahIM thIM' / yaha eka aisI sabhyatA hai jo pazcimI dezoM se adhika prAcIna hai aura jo strI ko bhI puruSa ke samAna adhikAra va sthAna detI hai|' brAhmaNa aura upaniSad yuga meM bhI yaha paramparA akSuNNa rahI / rudra yAga, sItA yAga Adi karma to nAriyA~ hI karatI thiiN| usa yuga meM pardA prathA kA nitAnta abhAva thaa| bAla vivAha aura satI prathA bhI nahIM thii| phira bhI jaisA ki DaoN0 e0 ela0 altekara ne kahA hai ki vaidika, brAhmaNa, va upaniSada kAla ke pazcAt nArI kI sAmAjika sthiti utanI utkRSTa nahIM rahI jitanI kI apekSita thii| DaoN0 altekara ne isake kAraNoM para gaMbhIratA se vicAra kiyA hai| bhArata meM hI nahIM, anya dezoM meM bhI yahI hrAsa huaa| homara ke yuga meM strI samAja kA jo Adara thA, vaha peTiklasa ke yuga meM nahIM rhaa| rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata yuga ke pazcAt yaha hrAsa adhika tIvra ho gyaa| punaH altekara ke zabdoM meM '500 IsA pUrva aura 500 IsavI kA yuga isa ora dhyAtavya hai|' yahI yuga sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhI vizeSa mahattva kA hai| vaidika yuga meM jahA~ nAriyA~ yajJoM meM pratyakSa bhAga letI thIM-isa yuga meM utanA nahIM / isa yuga meM vivAha kI Ayu bhI ghaTakara kama ho gii| upanayana saMskAra samApta ho gaye-zikSA kI vyApakatA bhI nahIM rahI-pati kA Adhipatya bar3ha gayA-niyoga aura vidhavA vivAha bhI samApta ho ge| isI saMdarbha meM hama zramaNa saMskRti meM nArI samAja kI sthiti para bhI vicAra kara leN| pahale bauddha dharma ko leN| buddha ke kAraNa-candragupta aura azoka ke zAsanakAla meM nArI ko samucita Adara va sammAna milaa| unakI zikSA para bhI dhyAna diyA gayA / therI bhikkhunI isa ora vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hai / buddha kI vimAtA prajApati gautamI svayaM pravajita huI thiiN| yadyapi prArambha meM buddha nArI-dIkSA ke viruddha the para Ananda ke Agraha aura anurodha para unhoMne yaha svIkAra kiyA / thera bhikkhuniyoM ke adhyAtma gItoM kA saMkalana jarmana vidvAna pizaila ne kiyA thaa| rAisa DeviDsa ne bhI ina gItoM kA anuvAda kiyA / zubhadrA, patacAra, sumanA Adi prasiddha bhikkhuniyAM haiN| mekanikaula ke anusAra ina kavayitriyoM meM Azcaryajanaka samakAlIna prAsaMgikatA hai-AtmAbhivyakti, vyaktitva kI asmitA aura mukti kI aakaaNkssaa| saMkSepa meM aba hama jaina dharma para vicAra kara leN| mahAvIra isa dRSTi se adhika krAMtikArI aura jAgarUka the| unake samatAvAdI, puruSArthavAdI aura AtmavAdI cintana kA sAmAjika prabhAva bhI pracura bhAratIya saMskRti aura paramparA meM nArI : kalyANamala lor3hA | 241
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________________ ............. . .... sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha - rahA / vaidika yuga kI bhA~ti saMtAna prApti meM putra aura putrI zramaNa saMskRti meM samAna rUpa se dekhe jAte the| nAyAdhammakahAo se jJAta hotA hai 'kahaNaM tumaM vA dArayaM vA dAriyaM va payA ejjAsi (1-2-40) / buddha kI bhA~ti mahAvIra ne kabhI nArI pravrajyA meM bAdhA nahIM phuNcaayii| paravartI kAla meM digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAya meM yadyapi mokSa ko lekara matabheda avazya ho gayA / zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra nArI bhI mokSa prApta kara sakatI hai, para digambara sampradAya ise svIkAra nahIM krtaa| yahI nahIM paravartI kAla ke digambara graMthoM meM to usakI zvAna, gardabha, gau Adi pazuoM se bhI tulanA kI gayI hai / zvetAmbara paramparA yaha Avazyaka nahIM ginatI ki mokSa ke lie nArI ko puruSa honA anivArya hai| para, zvetAmbara sampradAya bhI dRSTivAda ke adhyayana meM nArI ko mAnyatA nahIM detA to bhI yaha svIkAra karanA par3egA ki zramaNa saMskRti meM zramaNa ko jo adhikAra va dAyitva prApta haiM, ve zramaNI ko nahIM / zramaNI sAdhu ke dvArA kabhI vaMdanIya nahIM samajhI gayI / (yaha saMghIya vyavasthA kA eka pakSa hai, zAstrIya vidhAna nhiiN)| bhAratIya saMskRti kA vikAsa jina AdarzoM meM huA hai unameM nArI "sRSTi kA gaurava" aura "dharma kA pAvana pratIka" hai / nara aura nArI sAMkhya ke puruSa aura prakRti kI bhA~ti haiM- ziva aura zakti ke samAna ve eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| dayA, komalatA, prema, zAMti aura tyAga nArI ke viziSTa guNa haiM / use "jAyate punaH" kahA gayA hai| pitA punaH apanI patnI ne utpanna hotA hai ---isI se vaha "jAyA" hai-vaidika paramparA se lekara mahAkAvyoM ke yuga taka jIvana ke sabhI kSetroM meM usakI mahattA akSuNNa rahI hai / mahAbhArata kI vidulA apane putra saMjaya se kahatI hai "muhUrta jvalita zreyo, na tu dhUmAyitaM ciram / " kauravoM ke patana kA kAraNa hI draupadI kA apamAna aura tiraskAra rahA / caudaha varSoM ke uparAnta jaba zrIrAma ayodhyA lauTate haiM taba kanyAe~ hI unakA svAgata evam prathama abhiSeka karatI haiN| jahA~ yAjJavalkya kI patnI maitreyI unase brahmajJAna kI yAcanA karatI hai, vahA~ zaMkarAcArya aura maNDana mizra ke zAstrArtha meM bhAratI (patnI : maNDana mizra) madhyastha kA kArya karatI hai / pataMjali ne zastra nipuNa 'zaktikIH' nAriyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / bhArahuta kI mUrtiyoM meM ve kuzala azvArohI ke rUpa meM aMkita haiN| vAlmIki ke Azrama meM lava aura kuza ke sAtha AtreyI bhI vidyAdhyayana karatI thii| varAhamihira ne dharma aura artha ke lie nArI samAja ko Avazyaka ginaa| unhoMne AkSepa lagAyA ki sAdhuoM ne unake guNoM kI ora A~kha baMdakara unakI durbalatAoM kA atizayoktipUrNa varNana kiyA hai "aMganAnAM pravadanti doSAn vairAgya mArgeNa guNAn vihAya / AcArya jinasena ne unheM sampatti meM samAna adhikAra die| unhoMne ghoSaNA kI vidyAvAn puruSo loke sammuti yAti kovidaH / nArI ca tadvatI prApte, strI sRSTaiiragrimaM padam // jaina paramparA meM candanabAlA, rAjImatI Adi aneka nAriyA~ adhyAtma jagata kI akSaya sampadA haiN| DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana ke zabdoM meM yuvatI kanyAe~ svacchanda jIvana yApana karatI thIM aura pativaraNa meM unakI AvAja nizcayAtmaka hotI thii| unheM apane pati kI sampatti meM pUrNa adhikAra thaa| bhAratIya cintana meM nArI ko sarvocca mahatA aura mAnyatA thii| use puruSAkAra zakti ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| jaina dharma aura paramparA meM bhI tIrthaMkara ke sAtha usakI zAsana devI rhii| vaha laukika aura alaukika prema kI maMjUSA hai-tyAga aura Atma-samarpaNa kI vaha mUrti hai / 242 / chaThA khaNDa : nArI samAja ke vikAsa meM jaina sAdhviyoM kA yogadAna BEATAma - .... www.jainelibra
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha mRdutvaM ca tanutvaM ca parAdhInatvameva c| strI guNAH RSibhiH proktAH, dharmatatvArtha dabhiH / / auroM kI nahIM jAnatA, bhAratIya nArI kA jIvana nara ko pUrNatA dene kA hI ziva saMkalpa rahA hai| hamAre jIvana ke sAre upakrama isake pramANa haiM / kAlidAsa jaise mahAkavi ne bhI apanI patnI ke prathama prazna 'asti kazcit vAgarthaH' se hI prerita hokara kumArasambhava, meghadUta aura raghuvaMza likhe-ye tInoM zabda hI kramazaH ina tIna mahAkAvyoM ke prathama zabda haiN| tulasIdAsa kI sArI rAma bhakti kA mUla srota ratnAvalI hI thii| do cAra nahIM, aise anekAneka udAharaNa hamArI sAMskRtika paramparA kI virAsata haiN| kAlidAsa se lekara ravIndranAtha aura prasAda taka bhAratIya manISiyoM ne adhyAtma aura prema kI jo ujjvala gAthA gAyI hai, usameM nArI hI pradhAna aura pramukha hai| bhAratIya nArI kI zreSThatA usake tyAga aura samarpaNa meM hai / DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana ke zabdoM meM "Adarza nArI usa prema kA pratIka hai jo hameM khIMcakara uccatama sthiti kI ora le jAtA hai| saMsAra kI mahAna kathAe~ niSThAzIla prema kI hI kathAe~ haiM / kaSToM aura vedanAoM meM bhI niSThA ko banAe rakhanA vaha vastu hai, jisane saMsAra ko dravita kara diyA hai| devatA bhI vicitra haiM hama meM jo acchA, bhadra aura mAnavocita premamaya aMza hai, usI ke dvArA ve hameM kaSToM meM lA paTakate haiN| hamAre pAsa (upasarga) isalie bhejate haiM ki hama mahAnatara bAtoM ke lie upayukta bana skeN| zatAbdiyoM kI paramparA ne bhAratIya nArI ko sAre saMsAra meM sabase adhika niHsvArtha, sabase adhika AtmatyAgI, sabase adhika dhairyazIla aura sabase adhika kartavyaparAyaNa banA diyA hai| use apane kaSTa-sahana para hI garva hai" / draupadI satyabhAmA se kahatI hai sukhaM sukhenaiha na jAtu labhyaM duHkhena sAdhvI labhate sukhAni / ravIndra kI citrAgaMdA kA arjuna ke prati kathana hai-"nahi Ami sAmAnya ramaNI, pUjA kari rAkhibai mAthAya, se Ami naya,....... yadi pArzva rAkhau, more saMkaTera pathe, daruha cintAra, jadi aMzadA yadi anumati karo, kaThina bratera, taba sahAya hoite, jadi sukhe duHkhe mora karo sahacarI, AmAra pAibe tabe pricy"| vizvAtmA ke parama caitanya kA AdhAra deza, kAla aura rUpAtIta saundarya bodha hai, jo AtmA se AtmA ko, sacarAcara jagata ko samaSTi cetanA se samAhita kara samatva kI madhumatI bhUmikA prApta karatA hai| kahIM vaha sItA hai, to kahIM draupadI, kahIM maitreyI hai to kahIM gArgI- kahIM sujAtA hai, to kahIM E candanabAlA-kahIM rAdhA hai, to kahIM zivA, kahIM zAradA huI, to kahIM kastUrabA / itihAsa meM vaha padaminI huI, tA kabhI tArAbAI aura jIjAbAI / bhArata ke Adhunika punarjAgaraNa meM bhI bhAratIya nArI samAja kA yogadAna kama nahIM-sAMskRtika paramparA, zikSA, samAja-sudhAra, svAdhInatA saMgrAma, kuprathAoM kA virodha---samAja kA aisA kauna sA kSetra rahA, jisameM unakI bhUmikA agragaNya nahIM rahI pratAr3ita aura upekSita hokara bhI, unakI sAdhanA mAnava-kalyANa kA hI udghoSa rahI-vizva cetanA kI pUrNatA kaa| jIvana ke puruSArtha kA maMgala sUtra bhI hamArA nArI samAja hI hai| mahAbhArata meM maharSi vyAsa ko bhI yaha kahanA par3A nA'parAdho'sti nArINAM, nara evA'parAdhyati / sarvaM kArya parA'dhyatvAt, nAparA'dhyati cAganA / RAH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHERE : : .............. .......... Timir bhAratIya saMskRti aura paramparA meM nArI : kalyANamala lor3hA | 243: www
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________________ iiiiitain......... ..... ... sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha vArAhamihira to aura kaThora ho gaye jAyA vA, janayitrI vA, sambhavaH svIkRtau nRNAm / he kRtaghnA ! tayonindA, kurvatAvaH kutaH sukham // ina sabake pariprekSya meM aMgrejI lekhaka nyUmaina kA yaha kathana bhI kama mahattvapUrNa nahIM- "yadi tumhArI AtmA bandhana rahita uccatama bhUmikA para pahu~canA cAhatI hai, to use nArItva se vibhUSita honA hogA, cAhe kitanA hI usameM naratva kyoM na ho ?" puSpa-sUkti-saurabha . Atma-sudhAra se Atma-sevA ke sAtha-sAtha para-sudhAra se para-sevA ke prayatna meM hI svArtha aura paramArtha kA samanvaya hai| O kSamA vizAla antaHkaraNa kI bhAvAbhivyakti hai| 0 dUsare ke doSoM ke prati udAra aura sahanazIla bananA hI kSamA hai / 0] kSamA; sneha kI zUnyatA ko sneha se bharanA hai| 0 kSamA evaM sneha vahI de sakatA hai, jo svabhAva se mahAn ho, samartha ho| kSamA kA zabdoccAra hI kSamA nahIM hai, apitu dUsaroM kI durbalatAoM va alpatAoM ko sneha kI mahAn dhArA meM vilIna karane kI kSamatA ko hI kSamA kahate haiN| 0 jo jitanA sahana kara sakatA hai, pacA sakatA hai, vaha utanA ho bahAdura hai, utane hI aMza meM Ananda kA upabhoktA hai / ----puSpa-sUkti-saurabha Wan 244 | chaThA khaNDa : nArI samAja ke vikAsa meM jaina sAdhviyoM kA yogadAna www.jainepcatic