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________________ 4 | bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA mahAnadI kyoM pAra kI? bhAratavarSa kI nadiyoM meM gaMgA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, gujarAtI evaM baMgalA Adi prAntIya bhASAoM kA bhAratIya sAhitya, gaMgA kI gauravagAthAoM se bharA par3A hai| gaMgA devanadI hai| prAcIna bhAratIyoM kA vizvAsa thA ki gaMgA devatAoM kI nadI hai| jainAcArya bhI gaMgA ko devatAdhiSThita nadI mAnate haiN| gaMgA kA vizAla AkAra evaM virATa rUpa hI usakI devatva-prasiddhi meM mukhya hetu hai| prAcIna kAla kA bhAratIya cintana hI kucha aisA thA ki hara virATa aura vizAlakAya prAkRtika padArtha unakI dRSTi meM deva athavA devAdhiSThita ho jAtA thaa| himAlaya Adi uttuMgaparvatoM tathA mahAsAgaroM ke devatva kA rahasya isI bhAvanA meM nihita hai| gaMgA mahArNava aura samudrarUpiNI ataeva gaMgA eka sAmAnya nadI nahIM, apitu mahAnadI hai| jainAgama gaMgA ko 'mahArNava' bhI kahate haiN| 'mahArNava' kA artha hai-mhaasaagr| sthAnAMga sUtra ke TIkAkAra AcArya abhayadeva ne isalie mUla ke 'mahArNava' zabda ko upamAvAcaka mAnakara artha kiyA hai ki vizAla jalarAzi ke kAraNa vaha mahArNava arthAt mahAsamudra jaisI hai-"mahArNava iva yA bhuudktvaat|" jainAcAryoM ne hI nahIM, vaidika paramparA ke purANoM meM bhI gaMgA ko 'samudrarUpiNI" kahA hai| gaMgA kI sahAyaka nadiyA~ vaidika paramparA gaMgA meM nau sau (900) nadiyoM kA milanA mAnatI hai|' jaina paramparA kI dRSTi se caudaha hajAra (14000) nadiyA~ gaMgA meM milatI haiN|' ukta nadiyoM meM yamunA, sarayu, kozI aura mahI Adi ve nadiyA~ bhI haiM, jo svayaM bhI Agama sAhitya meM mahArNava aura mahAnadI : ke nAma se suprasiddha hai| 51
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________________ prAcIna yuga meM gaMgA ke pravAha kI vistIrNatA hajAroM nadiyoM kA pravAha gaMgA meM milatA hai, ataH gaMgA kA pravAha caur3AI meM bahuta vizAla ho gayA hai| jambUdvIpa prajJapti ke anusAra samudra meM praveza karate samaya gaMgA kA pATa sAr3he bAsaTha yojana kA caur3A hai| aura gaMgA kI gaharAI eka kosa - adhika eka yojana kI hai| yaha ThIka hai ki ukta kathana ke ativAdI zabdoM para kucha prazna evaM tarka khar3e ho sakate haiM, kintu isa para se itanA to nizcita rUpa se pramANita hotA hai ki gaMgA kA pravAha prAcInakAla meM bahuta hI vizAla rahA hai| isIlie use mahArNava aura samudrarUpiNI jaise nAmoM se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| prAcIna kAla meM na to gaMgA meM se hI koI nahareM nikAlI gaI thIM aura na yamunA, sarayu, gaMDakI, zoNa Adi usakI sahAyaka nadiyoM se hii| ataH gaMgA ke vizAla pravAha kI tatkAlIna vistIrNatA kI sahaja hI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai| samavAyAMga sUtra ke anusAra to gaMgA himAlaya (cullahimavaMta) se pravAhita hote hI kucha adhika 24 kosa kA vistAra le cukI thii|' ukta atizayoktipUrNa varNanoM para se aura kucha nahIM to itanA to siddha ho hI jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM gaMgA kA pravAha eka vizAla evaM virAT pravAha mAnA jAtA thaa| isIlie AcArya zIlAMka ne bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA naukA se gaMgA pAra karane kA varNana karate hue, gaMgA ko dustara, agAdha aura aNorapAra kahA hai|12 gaMgA Aja ke yuga meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga se aDhAI hajAra varSa jitanA lambA kAla bItane para Aja bhI gaMgA kI virATatA suprasiddha haiM Aja gaMgA meM se vizAla nahareM nikala cukI haiN| yamunA, gomatI, saraya aura zoNa Adi gaMgA kI sahAyaka nadiyoM meM se bhI anekAneka virATa nahareM siMcAI ke kAma meM A rahI haiN| phira bhI gaMgA apanI virATatA ko banAe hue hai| vartamAnakAlIna vaijJAnika sarvekSaNa ke anusAra gaMgA 1,557 mIla ke lambe mArga ke bAda baMgasAgara meM giratI hai| yamunA, gomatI, sarayU, rAmagaMgA, gaMDakI, kozI aura brahmaputra Adi aneka suprasiddha saMyukta nadiyoM ko sAtha lekara, varSAkAlIna bAr3ha meM, gaMgA mahAnadI 18,00,000 ghanaphuTa pAnI kA prasrAva pratisekeNDa karatI hai| abhI kucha mAsa pUrva paTanA meM, pradhAnamaMtrI indirA gA~dhI ne, gaMgA ke pula kA zilAnyAsa kiyA hai| hindustAna Adi dainika patroM meM una dinoM likhA gayA .52 prajJA se dharma kI samIkSA - dvitIya puSpa
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________________ thA ki yaha pula bhArata meM hI nahIM, eziyA bhara meM sabase bar3A pula hogaa| gaMgA ke sambandha meM isa prakAra vistAra se likhane kA merA tAtparya yahI hai ki gaMgA ke virATa rUpa se aparicita dUrastha vyakti bhI kalpanA kara sake ki gaMgA kyA hai? vaha kitanI lambI-caur3I hai? usakI jalarAzi kitanI vizAla hai? naharoM ke nikala jAne para Aja kI kSINa sthiti meM bhI jaba gaMgA kA yaha virATa rUpa hai to usa prAcIna yuga meM to usakI virATatA vAstava meM hI bahuta mahAn rahI hogii| ataeva prAcIna AcAryoM ne jo use mahArNava aura samudrarUpiNI kahA hai, vaha ThIka hI kahA hai| gaMgA kI carcA mUla prazna kI ora aba carcA mUla prazna para AtI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dIkSita hone ke bAda gaMgA ko kitanI hI bAra uttara se dakSiNa meM aura dakSiNa se uttara meM pAra kiyA hai| kitanI hI bAra ve vaizAlI Adi uttarI bihAra pradeza se gaMgA pAra kara rAjagRha Adi dakSiNI bihAra meM Ae aura kitanI hI bAra rAjagRha Adi dakSiNI bihAra pradeza se gaMgA pAra kara vaizAlI Adi uttarI bihAra pradeza meM ge| Aja ke bihAra prAMta se kitanI hI bAra Aja ke uttarapradeza meM ora uttarapradeza se bihAra prAMta meM pdhaare| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne vaizAlI aura vANijya grAma meM 12 varSAvAsa (caumAsa) kie haiN| aura caudaha varSAvAsa rAjagRha aura nAlandA meM kie haiN| bihAra prAnta kA mAnacitra lekara koI bhI dekha sakatA hai-vaizAlI - vANijya grAma (mujaphpharapura) aura rAjagRha-nAlandA (paTanA) ke bIca gaMgA baha rahI hai, jo bihAra ko uttara aura dakSiNa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karatI hai| gaMgA ko pAra kie binA bhagavAn vaizAlI se rAjagRha aura rAjagRha se vaizAlI nahIM A jA sakate the| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA sAdhanAkAla aura gaMgA dIkSA lene ke bAda chadmastha-sAdhanAkAla meM bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA ko kitanI bAra pAra kiyA hai| gaMgA pAra karate samaya kI vaha ghaTanA to jainagranthoM meM suprasiddha hI hai, jabaki bhagavAn surabhipura aura rAjagRha ke bIca naukA dvArA gaMgA ko pAra kara rahe the, aura eka bhISaNa tUphAna meM naukA ulajha gaI thI, DUbane lagI thii| AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI kI sarvAdhika prAcIna racanA Avazyaka niyukti meM tathA jinadAsa mahattara kI Avazyaka cUrNi meM Aja bhI yaha ullekha upalabdha hai||6 yaha ghaTanA dIkSA se dUsare varSa kI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA nadI kyoM pAra kI? 53
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________________ uttarI bihAra kI gaMDakI nadI bhI eka vizAla jala-bahula nadI hai, jo nepAla se nikalatI hai, aura vaizAlI ke pAsa se hokara paTanA ke sammukha gaMgA meM milatI hai| vaizAlI se vArANasI lauTate hue lekhaka ko bhI gaMDaka nadI naukA se pAra karanI par3I thii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana kI eka ghaTanA hai ki bhagavAn ne vaizAlI ke pAsa naukA dvArA jaba gaMDakI ko pAra kiyA to nAvika ne utarAI kA paisA na milane para bhagavAn ko vahIM roka liyA thaa| usI samaya zaMkharAja kA bhAnajA 'citrakumAra' rAjadUta banakara kahIM jA rahA thA, usane bhagavAn ko chudd'aayaa|" bhagavAn mahAvIra ne 10 vA~ varSAvAsa zrAvastI meM kiyA thaa| varSAvAsa ke anantara sAnulaTThiya, dRDhabhUmi, nAlukA, subhogaM, succhettA, malaya, hatthisIsa, tosali, mosali, siddhArthapura Adi nagaroM meM vihAra karate hue punaH zrAvastI Ae aura zrAvastI se kauzAmbI, vArANasI,rAjagRha, mithilA Adi nagaroM meM bhramaNa kara gyArahavA~ varSAvAsa vaizAlI meM kiyaa| pAThaka dekha sakate haiM-ukta vihAra yAtrA meM bhagavAn ne bihAra aura uttarapradeza kI kitanI hI choTI-bar3I nadiyA~ pAra kI haiM aura gaMgA mahAnadI ko to isa eka hI varSa meM do bAra pAra kiyaa| eka bAra to zrAvastI se kauzAmbI aura vArANasI Ate hue, kyoMki ye donoM nagara zrAvastI se gaMgA ke isa pAra dakSiNI uttarapradeza meM haiN| dUsarI bAra kauzAmbI, vArANasI, rAjagRha se varSAvAsa ke lie vaizAlI ko jAte hue, cU~ki vaizAlI gaMgA ke usa pAra uttarI bihAra meM hai| kevala jJAna ke bAda gaMgA-saMtaraNa aura bhI kitane hI varNana haiM isa prakAra gaMgA Adi nadiyoM ko pAra karane ke| parantu hama sAdhanAkAla kI ina ghaTanAoM kA adhika vistAra nahIM denA caahte| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI, kevala jJAna ke bAda kI vihAra caryA, adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| vaha ekamAtra dharma pracAra kI dRSTi se hI kI gaI thI, ataH usakA prastuta lekha ke uddezya ke sAtha maulika sambandha hai| vistAra se to nahIM, saMkSepa meM hI, kevalajJAnottara tIrthaMkara dazA meM gaMgA aura anya nadiyoM ko pAra karane ke prasaMga isa prakAra haiM:1. bhagavAna mahAvIra kA 13 vA~ varSAvAsa rAjagaha meM thaa| varSAvAsa ke bAda gaMgA-nadI pAra kara videha deza meM gae aura 14 vA~ caumAsa vaizAlI meM kiyaa| 2. vaizAlI kA caumAsa pUrNa hone ke bAda gaMgA pAra kara vatsadeza kI rAjadhAnI kauzAmbI meM aae| vahA~ se phira gaMgA pAra kara zrAvastI Adi hote hue 15 54 prajJA se dharma kI samIkSA - dvitIya puSpa
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________________ vA~ caumAsa, videha deza ke vANijya grAma meM kiyaa| isa varSa meM do bAra gagA mahAnadI pAra kii| 3. vANijya grAma ke bAda 16 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM kiyaa| yahA~ bhI vANijya grAma aura rAjagRha ke bIca meM gaMgA pAra kii| 4. rAjagRha se campA ge| ora vahA~ se sindhu deza kI lambI vihAra yAtrA kii| punaH lauTakara videha ke vANijya grAma meM 17 vA~ caumAsa kiyaa| isa vihAra yAtrA meM bhI aneka choTI-moTI nadiyA~ aura gaMgA mahAnadI pAra kii| 5. vANijya grAma kA caumAsa pUrNa kara AlabhikA, vArANasI, Adi kSetroM meM vihAra karate hue 18 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM kiyaa| yahA~ bhI bhagavAn ne videha se magadha Adi pradezoM meM vicaraNa karane ke lie bIca meM gaMgA nadI pAra kii| 6. bhagavAn kA 19 vA~ caumAsa bhI rAjagRha meM thaa| vahA~ se AlabhikA Adi nagaroM meM vihAra karane ke bAda vatsadeza kI rAjadhAnI kauzAmbI meM zatAnika nareza kI rAnI mRgAvatI ko dIkSA dI aura vahA~ se lauTakara videha deza kI vaizAlI nagarI meM 20 vA~ caumAsa kiyaa| yahA~ bhI dakSiNI bihAra se uttarI bihAra meM jAte hue gaMgA pAra kii| 7. vaizAlI kA caumAsa samApta kara gaMgA pAra kI aura uttara pradeza ke ahicchatra tathA kAmpilyapura Adi nagaroM meM vihAra kiyA, aura phira dubArA gaMgA pAra kara vANijya grAma meM 21 vA~ caumAsa kiyaa| 8. vANijya grAma ke bAda gaMgA pAra kara magadha meM vihAra yAtrA aura rAjagRha meM 22 vA~ caumaas| 9. rAjagRha sai kayaMgalA, zrAvastI Adi meM vihAra aura 23 vA~ varSAvAsa vANijya grAma meN| yahA~ bhI dakSiNI bihAra se uttarI bihAra meM Ate hue gaMgA pAra kii| 10. vANijya ke bAda gaMgA pAra kara agalA 24 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM kiyaa| 11. rAjagRha se campA Adi meM vicaraNa kara 25 vA~ caumAsa mithilA meM kiyaa| yahA~ bhI dakSiNI bihAra se uttarI bihAra meM mithilA jAte hue gaMgA pAra kii| 12. mithilA se gaMgA pAra kara aMgadeza kI rAjadhAnI campA meM Ae aura campA se lauTate samaya gaMgA pAra kara 26 vA~ caumAsa punaH mithilA meM kiyaa| isa varSa bhI do bAra gaMgA pAra kI gii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA nadI kyoM pAra kI? 55
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________________ 13. mithilA se vaizAlI, zrAvastI Adi meM vicaraNa kara 27 vA~ caumAsa punaH mithilA meM kiyA yahA~ gaMDakI Adi kitanI hI nadiyA~ pAra kii| 14. mithilA se pAMcAla, zrAvastI, ahicchatra, hastinApura Adi meM vihAra kara 28 vA~ caumAsa vANijya grAma meM kiyaa| isa varSa ke lambe vihAroM meM aneka choTI-moTI nadiyoM ke sAtha gaMgA nadI bhI do bAra pAra kii| 15. vANijya grAma se gaMgA pAra kara agalA 29 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM kiyaa| 16.rAjagRha kA varSAvAsa samApta kara campA, pRSTha campA Adi nagaroM meM vihAra karate hue bhagavAn ne sudUra dazArNabhadra deza meM jAkara dazArNabhadra rAjA ko dIkSA dii| vahA~ se lauTate samaya gaMgA pAra kara videha deza ke vANijya grAma meM 30 vA~ caumAsa kiyaa| 17. vANijya grAma se kozala- pAMcAla, sAketa, kAmpilya, zrAvastI Adi nagaroM meM vicaraNa kara 31 vA~ caumAsa vaizAlI meM kiyaa| isa varSa ke vihAra meM bhI Ate-jAte aneka nadiyoM ke sAtha gaMgA mahAnadI bhI do bAra pAra kii| 18.bhagavAn kA 32 vA~ caumAsa bhI vaizAlI meM hI thaa| vahA~ se gaMgA pAra kara magadha pradeza meM Ae, aura 33 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM kiyA / 19. bhagavAn kA 34 vA~ caumAsa nAlandA meM thA / vahA~ se gaMgA pAra kara videha deza meM gae, aura 35 vA~ caumAsa vaizAlI meM kiyaa| 20. vaizAlI se kauzala, pAMcAla, sUrasena Adi sudUra dezoM meM bhramaNa kiyA, aura sAketa (ayodhyA), kAmpilya, sauryapura, mathurA Adi meM vicaraNa kara 36 vA~ caumAsa mithilA meM kiyA / yahA~ bhI yamunA, gomatI, sarayU Adi aneka nadiyoM ko pAra karane ke sAtha Ate-jAte do bAra gaMgA nadI bhI pAra kii| 21. mithilA se gaMgA pAra kara magadha meM Ae, 37 vA~ cAturmAsa rAjagRha meM kiyaa| 22. bhagavAn kA 38 vA~ caumAsa nAlandA meM thA / vahA~ se gaMgA pAra kara videha deza meM padhAre aura 39 vA~ caumAsa mithilA meM kiyaa| 23.bhagavAn kA 40 vA~ caumAsa mithilA meM thA / vahA~ se gaMgA pAra kara magadha meM aae| agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti gaNadhara vaibhAragiri parvata para nirvANa ko prApta hue, aura bhagavAn kA yaha 41 vA~ caumAsa rAjagRha meM huaa| " dvitIya puSpa 56 prajJA se dharma kI samIkSA
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________________ kevala jJAna kI prApti ke bAda bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vihAra kA vaha saMkSipta digdarzana hai| gaMgA aura anya nadiyoM ko pAra karane kI yaha eka sAdha paraNa-sI sthUla rUparekhA hai| isameM zoNa, irAvatI, kozI, mahI aura phalgu Adi kucha pramukha nadiyoM ke nAma nahI Ae haiM, bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prAcIna jIvana caritroM meM bhI inakA ullekha nahIM hai| parantu vihAra yAtrA kA jo bhaugolika patha batAyA gayA hai, isameM ukta nadiyoM kA bIca meM AnA nizcita hai| jaise ki kauzAmbI se rAjagRha jAte hue zoNa Adi kitanI hI jaladhArAe~ bIca meM par3atI haiN| ataH idhara-udhara Ate-jAte bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ukta nadiyoM ke sAtha aneka anukta nadiyoM ko bhI pAra kiyA thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA mahAnadI kyoM pAra kI? uparyukta ullekhoM para se eka mahattvapUrNa prazna khar3A hotA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA jaisI mahAnadiyoM ko kisalie pAra kiyA? bAra-bAra gaMgA pAra karanA, kabhI-kabhI to eka varSa meM do-do bAra pAra karanA, kyA artha rakhatA hai? jaina zAstrAnusAra eka choTe se choTe jala kaNa meM bhI asaMkhya jalakAya ke jIva hote haiN| usa prAcIna kAla meM gaMgA kA kitanA virATa rUpa thA, usa para se anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki kitanI vizAla jalarAzi pAra karanI hotI thI, aura jalakAya ke jIvoM kI kitanI adhika hiMsA ho jAtI thI? jala meM vanaspati Adi anya sthAvara jIva tathA dvIndriya Adi trasa jIva bhI hote haiN| ataH gaMgA kI vizAla jaladhArA ko pAra karate samaya asaMkhya kITANu, meDhaka aura machalI Adi trasa jIvana kI hiMsA kA honA bhI nizcita hai| jala meM nigoda bhI rahatA hai, aura nigoda ke eka sUkSma se sUkSma kaNa meM bhI anaMta jIva hote haiM, yaha kisI bhI jainAgamoM ke adhyetA se chupA huA nahIM hai| prazna hai, jaba jala-santaraNa meM isa prakAra eka bahuta bar3I hisA hotI hai, taba bhagavAn ne bAra-bAra gaMgA jaisI mahAnadiyoM ko kyoM pAra kiyA? aisI kyA AvazyakatA A par3I thI unheM, jo itanI bar3I hiMsA kA dAyitva lekara bhI unhoMne gaMgA ko pAra karanA, Avazyaka maanaa| gaMgA aura gaMgA jaisI mahArNavAkAra anya nadiyoM kA santaraNa binA naukA ke nahIM ho sakatA thaa| usa yuga meM gaMgA Adi virATa nadiyoM para pula nahIM bane the| jaina, bauddha tathA vaidika paramparA ke kisI bhI prAcIna grantha meM gaMgA Adi virATa nadiyoM para pula hone kA koI ullekha bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA nadI kyoM pAra kI? 57
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________________ nahIM hai| astu, naukA hI eka mAtra ukta nadiyoM ke jala santaraNa kA sAdhana thaa| isIlie bhagavAn ne naukA para baiThakara hI gaMgA pAra kii| aura jaba bhagavAn ne gaMgA pAra kI to unake sAtha jo hajAroM sAdhu-sAdhvI aura the, unhoMne bhI naukAoM dvArA hI gaMgA pAra kii| bhagavAn kI naukA ke sAtha saikar3oM hI anya nAvoM kA vizAla kAphilA gaMgA ke vizAla pravAha para tairatA calA hogA, usakA jarA mana kI A~khoM ke samakSa kalpanAcitra prastuta kiijie| Apake mana meM sahaja hI yaha prazna khaDA hogA ki Akhira ina saba vizAla jala-yAtrAoM kA kyA uddezya thA? naukA bhI jala-patha kA eka vAhana hI hai| vAhana (savArI) sAdhu ke lie niSiddha hai| phira bAra-bAra naukAoM kA kyoM prayoga kiyA gayA? bhagavAn ke samakSa jalasantaraNa se sambandhita kyA ve hI samasyAe~ thIM, jo sAmAnya sAdhuoM ke lie prAcIna Agama evaM Agametara sAhitya meM ullikhita haiN| kyA bhagavAn ko duSTa rAjA yA coroM kA bhaya thA? kyA siMha Adi khUkhAra jaMgalI jAnavaroM kA khatarA thA? kyA bhISaNa duSkAla par3a rahe the ki bhikSA nahIM mila rahI thI? kyA anArya-mleMchoM kA hamalA ho rahA thA? kyA kisI bhaMyakara roga ke lie durlabha auSadhi kI talAza thI? Akhira kyA thA aisA ki bhagavAn ko gaMgA jaisI mahAnadiyoM ko pAra karanA par3A? Aja ke eka munirAja ne to saMyama-sAdha nA ke Aveza meM yahA~ taka likhA hai ki merA vaza nahIM calatA hai, yadi merA vaza cale to maiM acitta pRthvI para bhI paira na rakheM, maiM acitta vAyu kA zvAsa-prazvAsa ke rUpa meM prayoga bhI na karU~, maiM acitta jala bhI na pIU~, aura acitta AhAra kA bhI sadA ke lie parityAga kara dUM" eka ora Aja ke munijI acitta vastuoM ke prayoga ke lie bhI apanI vivazatA batalA rahe haiM aura dUsarI ora bhagavAn mahAvIra haiM ki gaMgA jaisI mahAnadiyoM ke vizAla pravAhoM ko apane virATa sAdhusaMgha ke sAtha naukAoM dvArA taira rahe haiN| vizAla jala pravAhoM ko tairane ke lie bhagavAn ko kyA vivazatA thI, kyA majabUrI aura kyA lAcArI thI, jo Aja ke eka sAdhAraNa muni ke vaicArika stara se bhI nIce utara ge| bhagavAn bAra-bAra jalabahula pradezoM meM ghUmate rahe, gaMgA jaisI samudrAkAra mahAnadiyoM ko naukAoM dvArA pAra karate rahe, parantu jalakAya, nigoda aura trasa jIvoM kI itanI bar3I hiMsA kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyaa| kyA bhagavAn ke pAsa Aja ke muniyoM jitanI bhI vivekadRSTi nahIM thI? ahiMsA, saMyama kA itanA bhI kucha lakSya nahIM thA? kitanI vicitra 58 prajJA se dharma kI samIkSA - dvitIya puSpa
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________________ viDambanA hai Aja ke ciMtana kI? Aja ke kucha ahaMgrasta sAdhu bhagavAn se bhI bar3hakara saMyamI ghoSita kara rahe haiM apane Apako! ahiMsA kA bahuta bar3A khaTakA hai na aMtarmana meM! khaTakA saccA hai yA jhUThA-yaha to ve hI kaha sakate haiN| hA~ khaTake kA nArA avazya bulaMda hai| bAta aura kucha nahIM hai| koI bhI aisA ApavAdika kAraNa nahIM hai, jo bhagavAn ke samakSa rahA ho| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake saMgha dvArA nadI pAra karane kA ekamAtra hetu dharma evaM nIti kA pracAra hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM sAmAjika evaM dhArmika sthiti bar3I vicitra thii| jAtIya zreSThatA kA ahaMkAra janamAnasa para burI taraha chAyA huA thA aura isa kAraNa tatkAlIna zUdrajana pazuoM se bhI burI sthiti meM jIvana gujAra rahe the| nArI jAti para bhI bhayaMkara atyAcAra ho rahe the| yajJoM meM mUka pazuoM ko homA jA rahA thaa| yahA~ taka ki devI-devatAoM kI prasannatA ke lie manuSyoM taka kI bali dI jA rahI thii| dharma bhI arthahIna kriyAkANDoM kA kevala zavamAtra raha gayA thaa| bhagavAn ko jana-jIvana meM se yaha saba ajJAna-aMdha kAra dUra karanA thaa| isake lie unhoMne dhArmika evaM sAmAjika ubhayamukhI krAMti kA siMhanAda kiyA, phalataH ve apane vizAla sAdhusaMgha ko sAtha lie tUphAnI nadiyoM ko bhI pAra kara sudUra pradezoM meM vihAra karate rhe| isake lie unheM bAra-bAra aneka virAT jaladhArAoM tathA vana-pradezoM ko pAra karanA pdd'aa| isI patha para Age AnevAle ve sAhasI AcArya aura muni bhI Ae, jo apane yuga meM Andhra, tamila, mahArASTra, koMkaNa, mAlava Adi Aryetara aura videza kahe jAnevAle dezoM meM bhI dharma pracAra hetu pahu~ce aura vahA~ kI tatkAlIna asaMskRta janatA ko dhArmika evaM sAmAjika dRSTi se saMskArI bnaayaa| jaina muniyoM dvArA sudUra jAvA, sumAtrA Adi dezoM meM vihAra yAtrA karane ke bhI kucha aitihAsika pramANa milate haiM, jo abhI vicArAdhIna haiM, jinakI carcA yathAvakAza phira kabhI ho skegii| dhvanivardhaka jaise nagaNya prazna para aura sudUra pradezoM kI dIrgha vihAra yAtrAoM para hiMsA aura parigraha taka ke doSoM kI arthahIna carcA karanevAle mahAnubhAva prastuta lekha para yadi ThaNDe dimAga se kucha vicAra kareMge to avazya hI bhagavAn mahAvIra kI uparicarcita vihAracaryA kA marma samajha sakeMge, hiMsA-ahiMsA kI sthUla dhAraNAoM se Upara uThakara unake vAstavika tathya ko hRdayaMgama kara skeNge| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA nadI kyoM pAra kI? 59
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________________ saMdarbha :1. (ka) amarakoSa 1/10/31 (kha) skandapurANa, kAzIkhaNDa, gaMgA sahasranAma, 29 vA~ adhyaay| 2. jambUdvIpa prajJapti 4 vakSaskAra 3. (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra 5/3 (kha) samavAyAMga 24 vA~ smvaay| (ga) jambUdvIpa prajJapti 4 vkssskaar| (gha) nizIthasUtra 12/42 (Ga) bRhatkalpasUtra 4/32 4. (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra 5/2/1 (kha) nizItha 12/42 (ga) bRhatkalpa 4/32 bahUdakatayA mahArNavakalpA - bRhatkalpa bhASya TIkA, 5616 5. samudrarUpiNI svaryA - skandapurANa, kAzI khaNDa, 29 adhyAya 6. AsAM navazatairyuktA gaMgA pUrvasamudragA - hArIta, 1/7 7. coddasahiM salilAsahassehiM samANA - jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti 4 vakSaskAra 8. sthAnAMga sUtra 5/2/1 9. muhe vA saTiMTha joyaNAiM addhajoyaNaM ca vikkhbhennN| -jaMbU. 4 vakSa. 10. sakosaM joyaNaM uvvehennN| -jaMbU. 4 vakSa. 11. gaMgA-siMdhuoM NaM mahANaIo pavAhe sAiregeNaM caubIsaM kose vitthAreNaM pnnnnttaa| -sama. 24 vA~ samavAya 12. maMdAiNI jayagurU, saMpatto paura duttraagaahjlN| tao taM aNorapAraM paloyamANassa bhavaNaguruNo .... bhayavaM pi teNe ya samayaM samArUDho nnaavaae| -cauppatra mahApurisacariyaM (mahAvIra cariyaM) 13. hindI vizvakoSa, nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA / 14. vesAliM nagariM vANiyagAmaM ca nIsAe duvAlasa aMtarAvAse vAsAvAse uvaage| -kalpasUtra, 1 adhi. 6 kSaNa 15. rAyagiha nagaraM nAlaMdaM ca bahAhiriyaM nIsAe cauddassa aMtarAvAse vAsAvAsaM uvaage| -kalpasUtra, 1 adhi. 6 kSaNa .60 prajJA se dharma kI samIkSA - dvitIya puSpa
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________________ 16. (ka) vIravarassa bhagavao, nAvArUDhassa kAsi uvasaggaM -Ava. niyukti 471 (kha) tao sAmI surabhipuraM gao, tattha gaMgA uttarIyavvA.... bhayavaM nAvAe Thio -Ava. cUrNi, 471 17. tatyaMtarA gaMDaiyA nadI, taM sAmI NAvAe uttinnnno| te NAviyA sAmi bhaNati -dehi mollaM .... ___ -Avazyaka cUrNi 494 18. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA sAdhanAkAla sADhe bAraha varSa kA hai| ata: 12 caumAsa chadmastha __kAla ke haiN| 19. vihAra yAtrA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA, gaMgA pAra karane kA yaha varNana kalpasUtra, Avazyaka niyukti Avazyaka cUrNi, mahAvIra cariyaM-guNacaMdrAcArya, mahAvIra cariyaM-nemicaMdrAcArya, triSaSTi zalAkA puruSa caritra-AcArya hemacandra, zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra - zrI kalyANa vijaya gaNI, tIrthaMkara varddhamAna Adi aneka prAcIna tathA arvAcIna granthoM para AdhArita hai| 20. tasa-udaga-vaNe ghttttnn| bRhatkalpa bhASya 5632 jalodbhavAnAM trasAnAM udakasya vA sevAlAdirUpasya vanaspatervA sNghttttnm| -bRhatkalpa bhASya TIkA 5632 21. udae cikkhila paritta'NaMtakAiga tase -bRhatkalpa bhASya 5641 udae cikkhila parittaNaMta kAiga tase - bRhatkalpa bhASya 5641 udake cikkhalAdika pRthivIkAyaH, vanaspatayazca parIttakAyikA anaMtakAyikA vA trasAzca dvIndriyAdayo bhaveyuH -bRha. bhA. TIkA AukkAe NiyamA vaNassatI atthi, -nizItha cUrNi, 4240 22. sthAnAMga 5/2/1, bRhatkalpa bhASya, 5663, nizItha bhASya, 4 54 bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaMgA nadI kyoM pAra kI? 61