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________________ baccoM kA caritra-nirmANa / zrImatI kumuda guptA prAdhyApikA, hindI jJAna mandira mahAvidyAlaya, nImaca (ma0 pra0) svatantratA ke pazcAt bhArata ke sAmane jo aneka samasyAe~ udita huIM, unameM sabase mahattvapUrNa samasyA baccoM ke caritra-nirmANa kI hai| kyoMki vartamAna samaya meM sarvatra anuzAsanahInatA, bhraSTAcAra, hiMsA kA bolabAlA dikhAI detA hai / isakA mukhya kAraNa hai, nAgarikoM meM mAnavIya guNoM kA abhAva / ina mAnavIya guNoM ke abhAva meM kisI bhI rASTra yA samAja kI pragati sambhava nahIM ho sktii| rASTra aura samAja ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa hetu baccoM ke caritra nirmANa kI dizA meM cintana karanA Avazyaka hai| baccoM kA caritra hI rASTra kI pragati kI AdhArazilA hai| caritra kyA hai ? caritra, saMsAra kI sabase bar3I karma-preraNA zakti hai| isI ke dvArA mAnava-svabhAva evaM rASTra kA sarvottama svarUpa prakaTa hotA hai| para uttama prakAra kA caritra binA prayatna kiye prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isake liye varSoM kI satarkatA, AtmAnuzAsana, AtmaniyantraNa va sAvadhAnIpUrvaka AtmanirIkSaNa karate rahane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| preraNA zakti ke dvArA zizuoM yA bAlakoM meM una zaktiyoM kA vikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai jina para unakA svarUpa, saphalatA aura sukha nirbhara hai| acchI AdatoM kA samUha hI caritra hai| saccAI, nyAya, ahiMsA, udAratA, kSamAzIlatA, samaya kI pAbandI, vizvAsa, paropakAra, AjJA-pAlana mAnavIya guNoM ke AdhArastambha haiN| yA yoM kaheM ki caritra-nirmANa kI dizA meM prathama prayAsa haiN| jisa samAja yA rASTra ke vyaktiyoM meM ye guNa jitanI adhika mAtrA meM hote haiM vaha rASTra utanA hI adhika pragatizIla rASTra mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki deza kI pragati usa deza ke nAgarikoM para nirbhara hai| rASTra va samAja ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa hetu baccoM ke caritra-nirmANa kI dizA meM cintana karanA Avazyaka hai / baccoM ke bAre meM bAla-vizeSajJoM kA mata . baccoM kA mastiSka aura unakA svabhAva kacce ghar3e ke samAna hotA hai| usa para jo bhI cinha par3eMge ve amiTa ho jaayeNge| vaise bhI bAlaka kI pravRtti sIkhane aura anukaraNa karane kI hotI hai usameM acche yA bure kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| bAlakoM ke caritra-nirmANa kA uttaradAyitva unake abhibhAvakoM aura adhyApakoM para nirbhara hai| caritra mAnava-svabhAva kA sarvottama vikAsazIla svarUpa hai| yadi mAnava-jIvana ke kisI bhI kSetra para dRSTi DAleM, to hama dekheMge ki pratibhAzIla loga apane caritra ke AdhAra para hI samAja meM pratiSThita pada prApta kara lete haiN| kyoMki caritra hI manuSya ke sahaja aura svAbhAvika guNoM ko nikhAratA hai| manuSya kI pratidina kI choTI-choTI bAteM hI usake caritra kA nirmANa karatI haiM aura ve hI mAnava kI pragati kI AdhArazilA bana jAtI haiN| kintu Aja kI bhautika sabhyatA caritra kI pavitratA aura uttamatA para adhika bala nahIM detI hai| jArja harabarTa kA kathana hai "thor3I sI saccaritratA hajAroM granthoM ke adhyayana se bar3hakara hai|" kahane kA tAtparya hai ki vidyA hamezA sadAcAra kI sahAyaka
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________________ baccoM kA caritra-nirmANa honI cAhie / caritra-nirmANa ke liye dhana kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| manuSya ke pAsa yadi parizrama aura ImAnadArI ho to usake sahAre hI vaha mAnavoM kI sarvocca zreNI meM sthAna prApta kara sakatA hai| jo usa sampatti ke svAmI haiM ve bhale hI sAMsArika padArthoM kI dRSTi se dhanI na bana sakeM; para ve sammAna aura prasiddhi kI dRSTi se mahAn banakara dUsaroM ke liye preraNA ke srota bana sakate haiN| caritra kA nirmANa vividha sukSma paristhitiyoM meM hotA hai| pratyeka ceSTA, pratyeka vicAra, pratyeka anubhUti hamAre caritra-nirmANa meM sahAyaka hai, kyoMki hamArI AdatoM kA hamAre bhAvI jIvana para gaharA prabhAva par3atA hai / bAlaka aura caritra bAlaka sacamuca kisI deza ke prANa aura rakta hote haiN| ve hI deza kI rIr3ha kI haDDI mAne jAte haiM / yA yoM kaheM ki ve rASTra kI nIMva haiM, to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| kyoMki bAlaka ke caritra se hI rASTra kA caritra banatA hai| isI kAraNa bAlaka ke caritra-nirmANa kI samasyA aura bhI vikaTa rUpa dhAraNa kiye hue hai| ghara kA aura pAThazAlA kA vAtAvaraNa itanA dUSita ho gayA hai ki bAlaka ko yahA~ se ucita mArgadarzana nahIM mila pA rahA hai / / bAlaka ke caritra-nirmANa kI AvazyakatA kyoM ? bAlaka ke caritra-nirmANa kI samasyA usakI caMcala manovRtti va svabhAva se hI utpanna hotI hai / pratyeka baccA apanA vikAsa svayaM karatA hai| bacce ke vikAsa aura caritra-nirmANa meM hama kyA yogadAna deM, yaha mahattvapUrNa prazna hai| bacce kA caritra-nirmANa eka sAtha nahIM hotA hai| vaha vibhinna sopAnoM se hokara nirmita hotA hai| usake lie ucita vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karanA par3atA hai kyoMki bacce kI bhAvI zikSA, zArIrika gaThana, AcAra, vyavahAra Adi vAtAvaraNa para nirbhara haiN| vAtAvaraNa jIvana kI gati ko mor3a detA hai| ataH ucita vAtAvaraNa nirmita karanA abhibhAvaka, zikSaka, saMsthA aura deza ke liye parama Avazyaka hai| caritra-nirmANa ke saMbhAvita upAya (1) ghara-caritra-nirmANa kI sabase mahattvapUrNa aura prathama pAThazAlA ghara hai| ghara meM pratyeka bAlaka sarvottama cAritrika zikSaNa prApta karatA hai| yadi ghara kA vAtAvaraNa ThIka ho to ghara hI sabase bar3A prazikSaNa dene vAlA vidyAlaya bana jAtA hai / vyavahAra hI manuSya kI racanA karatA hai, kintu jisa prakAra kA sA~cA hotA hai, usameM se nirmita hone vAlI vastu kA svarUpa bhI usI prakAra kA hotA hai, ataH ghara hI manuSya kI racanA karatA hai| gharelU prazikSaNa se vyavahAra, mana aura caritra sabhI prabhAvita hote haiN| ghara meM hI hRdaya khulatA hai, AdateM par3atI haiM, buddhi jAgRta hotI hai aura sA~ce meM caritra DhalatA hai| ghara hI vaha srota hai jahA~ se siddhAnta aura upadeza prakaTa hote haiM, jo samAja kA nirmANa karate haiN| baccoM ke mana meM jo choTe-choTe saMskAra yA vicAra-bIja bo diye jAte haiM ve hI Age calakara taruvara ke rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiN| prAthamika vidyAlayoM se hI rASTra aMkurita haiM / baccA jaba saMsAra meM AtA hai, asahAya hotA hai, use apane poSaNa tathA saMskAra ke lie ghara ke logoM para pUrNataH nirbhara yA Azrita rahanA par3atA hai| janma lete hI pahale zvAsa ke sAtha bAlaka kA prazikSaNa prArambha ho jAtA hai| kahane kA tAtparya hai ki bacapana kI zikSA-dIkSA se anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki guNoM yA doSoM ke bIjANu bAlyakAla meM manuSya ke zArIrika-mAnasika kSetra meM panapa jAte haiN| lArDa prAgama ne kahA hai ki 18 aura 30 mahIne kI avasthA ke bIca meM bAlaka bahuta kucha zikSaNa prApta kara letA hai| isI avasthA meM vaha padArtha jagat ke viSaya meM, apanI zaktiyoM ke bAre meM, aura dUsaroM ke viSaya meM jitanA kucha sIkha jAtA hai, utanA Ayu ke sampUrNa zeSa bhAga meM
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________________ 70 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : tRtIya khaNDa . ... .... ........................................................... bhI nahIM sIkha pAtA / bAlyAvasthA darpaNa ke samAna hai| prathama harSa, prathama kheda, prathama saphalatA, prathama asaphalatA Adi se hI jIvana ke bhaviSya kA svarUpa citrita hotA hai| bAlaka jo kucha dekhatA hai, usakA anukaraNa kiye binA nahIM rhtaa| vyavahAra, bartAva, ceSTA, iMgita, gIta aura bhASaNa kA DhaMga bAlaka apane se bar3oM se grahaNa karatA hai| yadi dekhA jAya to bAlaka kI Adarza mUrti usakI mAtA aura pitA hote haiN| mAtA kI bhUmikA usake caritra-nirmANa meM mahattvapUrNa hotI hai / jArja harabarTa ne kahA hai ki acchI mAtA sau adhyApakoM se bar3hakara hotI hai / yaha zikSA mauna hotI hai kyoMki mAtA kI kriyAoM kA prabhAva bAlaka ke hRdaya para par3atA hai| ghara kA cAritrika vAtAvaraNa mAtA para Azrita hai| suzIlatA, dayAlutA, cAturya, kAryakuzalatA, prasannatA, santoSa Adi jo caritra ke Avazyaka guNa haiM, mAtA se hI prApta hote haiM / dhairya va Atma-saMyama ke pATha kI vyAvahArika zikSA ghara para hI milatI hai| (2) zikSA-vAstavika sthiti meM zikSA kA dhyeya caritra-nirmANa hai| kyoMki zikSA manuSya ko jIvana kI paristhitiyoM se jUjhane ke lie taiyAra karatI hai| zikSA mAnavatA ke lie Avazyaka bindu hai| zikSA kevala manuSya meM jJAnadAna nahIM karatI hai vaha saMskAra aura suruci ko bhI vikasita karatI hai| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne kahA bhI hai ki sadAcAra aura nirmala jIvana hI saccI zikSA kA AdhAra hai| (6) acchI saMgati-jArja harbarTa ne kahA thA-acche logoM kI saMgati karo, tuma bhI una jaise bana jaaoge| caritra-nirmANa meM ghara ke bAda pAThazAlA kA sthAna hai| vahA~ mitroM aura sAthiyoM kI saMgati pAne kA avasara bAlaka ko milatA hai / jaisA hama bhojana karate haiM, vaisA hI prabhAva zarIra para par3atA hai, usI prakAra jaisI hameM saMgati va zikSA milegI vaisI hamArI mAnasa-AtmA bnegii| mitroM ke AcAra, vicAra, iMgita, ceSTA, bhASaNa Adi caritra-nirmANa meM sahAyaka banate haiN| dRSTAnta yA udAharaNa mAnava-jAti kI pAThazAlA hai| laoNka ne kahA hai, caritra-anuzAsana kI zikSA kA sarvottama lakSya yaha honA cAhie ki vaha manuSya ke mana ko aisI zakti de, jisase manuSya Adata ke zAsana para vijaya pA ske| utsAhI aura buddhimAna vyakti kI saMgati kA manuSya ke caritra-nirmANa meM mahattvapUrNa prabhAva par3atA hai| eka uttama caritra vAlA vyakti, cAhe vaha kisI bhI kArakhAne meM kAma karatA ho, apane sAthiyoM meM udAratA va satyatA ke bhAva bharane kA prayatna kara sakatA hai| uttama caritra sugandha kI taraha hai, loga usakA anukaraNa karate haiN| cAritrika zakti kA sabase pahalA hathiyAra hai sahAnubhUti / acchA jIvana-caritra eka acchA jIvana-sAthI hai| (4) karma dvArA caritra-nirmANa-saMsAra karma (kriyAzIlatA) pradhAna hai| ata: caritra-nirmANa meM karma kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai / karma ke dvArA manuSya ko anuzAsana, Atma-nigraha, ekAgratA, prayoga, vyAvahArikatA, dhairya aura kArya-nipuNatA kI zikSA milatI hai / sabhyatA kA vikAsa karma para AdhArita hai| Alasya manuSya kA sabase bar3A zatru hai / karma jIvana ko anuzAsita karatA hai / karma manuSya kA vAstavika zikSaka hai / peze, dhandhe pada, vyavahAra, vyApAra, vyavasAya meM prazikSaNa prApta karane se manuSya kI kSamatAyeM vikasita hotI haiN| (5) cAritrika sAhasa-sAhasa dvArA hI kisI manuSya kA caritra mahAn banatA hai| sAhasa ke dvArA hI satya kI khoja, satya-bhASaNa, lAlasAoM ko rokane kI zakti Adi kA vikAsa hotA hai| sukarAta ko ucca vicAroM ke lie viSa kA pyAlA pInA pdd'aa| (6) Atma-saMyama-Atma-saMyama saba guNoM kI nIMva hai / jaba manuSya apanI icchA va lAlasA kA dAsa bana jAtA hai to vaha apanI cAritrika svatantratA ko kho baiThatA hai aura jIvana kI dhArA asahAya hokara bahane lagatI hai| anuzAsana jitanA pUrNa hogA, caritra utanA hI U~cA hogaa| caritra anuzAsana kA sarvottama dvAra. hai / eka yogya adhyApaka
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________________ baccoM kA caritra-nirmANa . ... . ........................... ..... ... .... . ... .. .....D evote kA kathana hai-'jIvana ke anuzAsana sambandhI niyama usI prakAra par3hAye tathA sikhAye jA sakate haiM, jaise ki koI bhaassaa|' vyApAra yA rAjanIti meM itanI saphalatA pratibhA se nahIM milatI, jitanI zIla svabhAva ke kAraNa milatI hai / niyantraNa hI zakti hai / vaise bhI hama dekhate haiM, bhApa ko jaba niyantrita kiyA jAtA hai, taba vaha kitanI bar3I zakti bana jAtI hai| isI prakAra caritra kI dRr3hatA jaba anuzAsanabaddha ho jAtI hai, taba vaha mahAn zakti bana jAtI hai| ataH bAlaka meM AtmasaMyama jaise guNoM dvArA caritra kA nirmANa kiyA jA sakatA hai| (7) kartavyapAlana kI bhAvanA-kartavyapAlana bhI caritra-nirmANa kA eka mAdhyama bana sakatA hai / kartavya eka RNa hai, jise pratyeka manuSya ko cukAnA par3atA hai| jo manuSya cAhatA hai ki vaha cAritrika dRSTi se divAliyA karAra na kara diyA jAya, to use apane kartavya kA pAlana avazya karanA caahie| karttavya ke liye samarpita hone kI bhAvanA hI caritra kA mukuTa hai| kartavya kI preraNA se prerita manuSya kitanA hI durbala kyoM na ho, use apane Atmabala arthAt manobala ko bulaMda rakhanA caahie| yadi manobala TUTa gayA to phira kartavya kA viveka bhI lupta ho jaayegaa| ataH isa prakAra kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita kiyA jAve, sAtha hI aisI vyAvahArika va naitika zikSA kI vyavasthA kI jAya ki jisase bacce kA manobala dRr3ha ho tathA vaha svataH hI apane caritra kA nirmANa karatA cle| X X X X X X X X X X X X uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddaviyA jiNe / mAyaM ca ajjavabhAveNa, lobha saMtosao jiNe // -dazavakAlika 89 krodha ko kSamA se, mAna ko mRdutA se, mAyA (kapaTa) ko saralatA se aura lobha ko santoSa se jItanA caahie| X X X X X X X X X X X X