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________________ Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISI ( prArambha se 20bIM zatI taka ) harizcandra jaina bhAratavarSa meM cikitsA zAstra se saMbaMdhita viSaya Ayurveda hai / jaina paramparA ke anusAra isakA prArambha bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya se hotA hai, kyoMki bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne isa deza ke logoM ko jIvana-yApana ke jina sAdhanoM kA jJAna pradAna kiyA thA, usameM rogoM se jIvana kI rakSA karanA bhI sammilita thA / ataH Ayurveda kA prArambha unhIM ke samaya meM huA hogA, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| sAdhanA ke lie jIvana evaM svAsthya rakSaNa Avazyaka thA / rogoM se bacane kA upAya Ayurveda kahalAtA hai / isa viSaya para cAhe usa samaya taka svatantra grantha nahIM likhe gaye hoM, kintu jaba jJAna ko lipibaddha karane kI paramparA calI, to Ayurveda para svataMtra grantha likhe gaye, anya granthoM meM prasaMgavaza Ayurveda kA varNana huA Aja bhI prApta hai| Agama ke anusAra caudahaveM prANavAda nAmaka pUrva meM Ayurveda ATha prakAra kA hai, aisA saMketa milatA hai| jisakA tAtparya aSTAGga Ayurvedase hai / gomaTasAra, jisakI racanA 1hajAra varSa pUrva huI hai, meM bhI aisA saMketa hai / isI prakAra zvetAmbara AgamoM yathA-aMga-upAMga, mUla-cheda Adi meM yatra tatra Ayurveda ke aMza upalabdha hote haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma IsA se 599varSa pUrva huA thA, unake ziSya gaNadhara kahalAte the unheM anya zAstroM ke sAtha Ayurveda kA bhI jJAna thA / digambara paramparA ke anusAra AcArya puSpadanta evaM bhUtavali ne SaTakhaMDAgama nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| digambara paramparA meM isase pUrva kA jaina sAhitya upalabdha nahIM hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrva Ayurveda sAhitya ke jainamanISI avazya the, kintu unakA koI vyavasthita vivaraNa nahIM milatA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke uparAnta aneka jaina AcArya huye haiM, unameM se aneka Ayurveda vidyA ke manISI the| jaina granthoM meM Ayurveda kA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, kintu isakI gaNanA pApazratoM meM kI hai, yaha eka Azcarya hai / sthAnAMga sUtra meM Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM kA nAmollekha Aja bhI prApta hotA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM 16 rogoM kA nAmollekha upalabdha hai / inakI samAnatA vaidika Ayurveda granthoM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| sthAnAMga sUtra meM gagotpatti ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura rogotpatti ke 9 kAraNa batAye gaye haiN| jaina manISI dharmasAdhana ke lie zarIra rakSA ko bahuta mahattva dete the| bRhatkalpabhASya kI vRtti meM kahA hai :
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________________ arthAt jaise parvata se jala pravAhita hotA hai vaise hI zarIra se dharma pravAhita hotA hai / ataeva dharmayukta zarIra kI yatna pUrvaka rakSA karanI cAhiye / Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISA zarIraM dharmasaMyuktaM rakSaNIyaM prayatnataH / zarIrAcchravate dharmaH parvatAt salilaM yathA // zarIra rakSA meM sAvadhAna jaina sAdhu bhI kadAcit rogagrasta ho jAte the / ve vyAdhiyoM ke upacAra kI vidhivat kalA jAnate the / nizIthacUrNI meM vaidyakazAstra ke paMDitoM ko dRSTapAThI kahA hai / jaina granthoM meM aneka aise vaidyoM kA varNana milatA hai, jo kAyacikitsA tathA zalya cikitsA meM ati nipuNa hote the / ve yuddha meM jAkara zalya cikitsA karate the, aisA varNana prApta hotA hai / Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISI - sAdhu evaM gRhastha donoM vargoM ke the / hariNegameSI dvArA mahAvIra ke garbha kA sAharaNa cikitsA zAstra kI dRSTi se eka apUrva tathA vicAraNIya ghaTanA hai / AcArya padmanaMdI ne apanI paMcavizatikA meM zrAvaka ko muniyoM ke liye auSadha - dAna dene kI carcA kI hai isa sandarbha se yaha spaSTa hai ki zrAvaka jaina dharma kI samasta dRSTiyoM ke anukUla auSadha vyavasthA karate the / isa sambandha meM jaina Ayurveda sAhitya ke manISI vidvAna hI unake parAmarza dAtA hote the / yahA~ Ayurveda sAhitya ke jainI manISI vidvAnoM kI paramparA kA aitihAsika dRSTi se vivecana karanA Avazyaka hai| isa aitihAsika paramparA kA vaidika Ayurveda sAhitya se koI matabheda nahIM hai / bhagavAna AdinAtha se bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI taka ke Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISiyoM kA koI likhita sAhitya nahIM hai, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke uparAnta jaba se zAstra likhane kI paramparA prArambha huI, usake bAda jo AcArya huye unhoMne jo Ayurveda sAhitya likhA hai, usakA vivaraNa avazya Aja bhI prApta hai, aura inameM adhikAMza kA nAmollekha zAstroM meM vikIrNa milatA hai / AcArya nAma mujhe aba taka Ayurveda sAhitya ke jina jaina manISiyoM kA nAma, unake dvArA likhita kRti tathA kAla kA jJAna huA hai, use maiM nIce eka sUcI ke dvArA vyakta kara rahA hU~; jisase sampUrNa jaina AcAryoM kA eka sAtha jJAna ho sake : grantha 1- zrutakIrti 2- kumArasena 3- vIrasena 239 4- pUjyapAda pAtrasvAmI 5 - siddhasena dazaratha guru 6- meghapAda vaidyAmRta kAla 12vIM0 za0 viSaya viSa evaM graha zAlAkyataMtra bAlaroga bAlaroga
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________________ 240 AcArya nAma 7 - siMhapAda 8- samantabhadra 9- jaTAcArya 10- ugrAditya 11 - vasavarAja 12 - gomamTadevamuni 13- siddhanAgArjuna 14 - kIrtivarma 23- pUjyapAda 24 - AzAdhara vaidya 25- somanAtha 26 - nityanAtha siddha 27- dAmodara bhaTTa 28 - dhanvantarI 29- nAgarAja 30 - kavipArzva grantha 31 - rAmacandra 32- dIpacandra 33- lakSmIvallabha harizcandra jaina (1) puSpAyurveda (2) siddhAnta rasAyana kalpa ---- 15- maMgarAja 16-abhinavacandra zAstra dvaya 17 - devendramuni bAla graha- cikitsA 18 - amRtanaMdI vaidyaka nighaMTu 19-jagadevamahApaMcapAda zrIdharadeva vaidyAmRta 20- sAlava, rasaratnAkara vaidya sAMgatya 21 - harSakIrti sUri yogacintAmaNi 22 - jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA vaidyasAra saMgraha Arogya cintAmaNI meM upalabdha anAma akalaMka saMhitA, indranaMdIsaMhitA aSTAMgahRdayIkA kalyANakAraka (kannar3a) rasaratnAkara ArogyacintAmaNI (kannar3a) dhanvantarI nighaMTukoza kalyANakAraka merustambha nAgArjunakalpa, nAgArjunakakSapuTa gau vaidya khagendramaNI darpaNa yogazataka kavipramoda vaidyavinoda kAla bAlataMtra bhASAvacanikA laMghana pathya nirNaya kAla jJAna 10vIM0 za0 9vIM0 za0 Arogya cintAmaNI 13vIM0 za0 14vIM0 za0 vi0 saM0 1743 vi0 saM0 1810 viSaya bAjIkaraNa evaM rasAyana vi0 saM0 1936 18vIM za0 rasAyana cikitsA auSadha prayoga rasAyana rasazAstra saMgraha kaumAraRtya
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________________ Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISI 241 AcArya nAma grantha kAla viSaya 34-daraveza hakIma prANasukha vi0 saM0 1806 35-muni yazakIrti jagasundarI prayogazAlA 36-devacandra muSTijJAna jyotiSa evaM vaidyaka 37-nayanasukha naidyaka manotsava, santAnavidhi sannipAta kalikA, sAlontara rAsa 38-kRSNadAsa __ gaMdhaka kalpa 39-janArdana gosvAmI bAlaviveka, vaidyaratna 18vIM0 vi0 saM0 40-jogIdAsa sujAnasiMha rAso vi0 saM0 1761 41-lakSmIcandra 42-samaratha sUrI rasamaMjarI vi0 saM0 1764 Upara likhita tAlikA meM maiMne Ayurveda ke jaina manISiyoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai jinhoMne Ayurveda sAhitya kA praNayana pradhAna rUpa se kiyA hai| sAtha hI ve cikitsA kArya meM bhI nipuNa the| kintu prAcIna jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa kA parizIlana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki bahuta vidvAn AcArya eka se adhika viSaya ke jJAtA hote the| Ayurveda ke manISI isa niyama se mukta nahIM the| ve bhI sAhitya, darzana, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, nyAya, maMtra, rasatantra Adi ke sAtha Ayurveda kA bhI jJAna rakhate the| Ayurveda ke mahAna zalyavid AcArya suzruta ne kahA hai eka zAstramadhIyAno na vidyAd zAstra nizciyam / tasmAd bahuzrutaH syAt viSnAnIyA cikitsakaH // koI bhI vyakti eka zAstra kA adhyayana kara zAstra kA pUrNa vidvAn nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH cikitsaka banane ke lie bahuzruta honA Avazyaka hai| yahA~ maiM kucha aise Ayurveda ke jaina manISiyoM kI gaNanA karAU~gA, jinake sAhitya meM Ayurveda vikIrNa rUpa se prApta hai-pUjyapAda yA devanandI, mahAkavi dhanaMjaya, AcArya guNabhadra, somadeva, harizcandra, vAgbhaTTa, zubhacaMdra, hemacandrAcArya, paM0 AzAdhara, paM0 jAjAka, nAgArjuna, zoThala vIrasiMha,-- inhoMne svataMtra bhI likhe the tathA inake sAhitya meM Ayurveda ke aMza bhI vidyamAna haiM / yaha eka sampUrNa dRSTi hai, jo Ayurveda ke jainAcAryoM ke lie phailAI jA sakatI hai| vaise pUrvamadhya yuga arthAt 500-1200 I0 se pUrva kA koI jainAcArya Ayurveda ke kSetra meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| Ayurveda ke jaina manISI sarvaprathama AcArya pUjyapAda devanandI ko mAnA jA sakatA hai| (1) pUjyapAda - inakA dUsarA nAma devanaMdI hai| ye I0 5 zatI meM hue haiN| inakA kSetra karnATaka rahA hai / ye darzana, yoga, vyAkaraNa tathA Ayurveda ke advitIya vidvAn the / pUjyapAda aneka viziSTa zaktiyoM ke dhanI evaM vidvAn the / ve daivIzakti-yukta the| unhoMne gagana-gAminI vidyA meM
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________________ 242 harizcandra jaina kauzala prApta kiyA thaa| yaha pArada ke vibhinna prayoga karate the| nimna-dhAtuoM se svarNa banAne kI kriyA jAnate the| unhoMne zAlAkyataMtra para grantha likhA hai| inake vaidyaka grantha prAyaH anupalabdha hai kintu inakA nAma kucha Ayurveda ke AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM likhA hai aura inake Ayurveda sAhitya tathA cikitsA vaiduSya kI carcA kI hai| AcArya zrI zubhacaMdra ne apane "jJAnArNava' ke eka zloka dvArA inake vaidyaka jJAna kA paricaya diyA hai : apA kurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAk cittasambhavam / kalaMkabhaMginAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate // yaha zloka ThIka usI prakAra kA hai jaisA pataJjalI ke bAre meM likhA hai : yogena cittasya padena vAcAM malaM zarIrasya ca vaidyakena / yA'pA karot taM varadaM munInAM pataJjaliM prAjjalirAnato sim / / aisA lagatA hai ki pUjyapAda pataJjali ke samAna pratibhAzAlI vaidyaka ke jJAtA jainAcArya the| kannaDa kavi maMgarAja vi0saM0 1416 meM hue haiM, jinhoMne khagendramaNIdarpaNa, Ayurveda kA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki maiMne apane isa grantha kA bhAga pUjyapAda ke vaidyaka grantha se saMgrahIta kiyA hai| isameM sthAvara viSoM kI prakriyA aura cikitsA kA varNana hai| bauddha nAgAjana se bhinna eka nAgArjuna aura the, jo pUjyapAda ke bahanoI the| unheM pUjyapAda ne apanI vaidyaka vidyA sikhAI thii| rasaguTikA, jo khecarI guTikA thI, kA nirmANa bhI unheM sikhAyA thaa| pUjyapAda rasAyanazAstra ke vidvAn the / ve apane pairoM meM gaganagAmI lepa lagA kara videha kSetra kI yAtrA karate the| aisA ullekha kathAnaka sAhitya meM milatA hai| digambara jaina sAhitya ke anusAra pUjyapAda Ayurveda sAhitya ke prathama jaina manISI the| ve caraka, evaM pataMjali kI koTi ke vidvAn the| jinheM aneka rasazAstra,yogazAstra aura cikitsA kI vidhiyoM kA jJAna thaa| sAtha hI zalya evaM zAlAkya viSaya ke vidvAn AcArya the| (2) mahAkavi dhanaMjaya--isakA samaya vi0 saM0 960 hai| inhoMne 'dhanaMjaya nighaMTu' likhA hai, jo vaidyaka zAstra kA grantha hai| ye pUjyapAda ke mitra evaM samakAlona the, jaisA ki zloka prakaTa karatA hai pramANamakalaMkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNaM / dhanaMjayakavaiH kAvya ratnamayapazcimam / / inhoMne viSApahAra stotra likhA hai, jo prArthanA dvArA roga dUra karane ke hetu likhA gayA hai / (3) guNabhadra--zaka saMvat 737 meM hue haiM, inhoMne 'AtmAnuzAsana' likhA hai, jisameM AdyopAnta Ayurveda ke zAstrIya zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai aura phira zarIra ke mAdhyama se AdhyAmika viSaya ko samajhAyA hai| inakA vaidyaka jJAna vaidya se kama nahIM thaa| (4) somadeva--ye 9vIM zatI ke AcArya haiN| yazastilaka campU meM svasthavRtta kA acchA varNana kiyA hai| unheM vanaspati zAstra kA jJAna thA, kyoMki inhoMne zikhaNDI tAMDava vana kI auSadhiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| ye rasazAstra ke jJAtA the /
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________________ Ayurveda sAhitya ke jaina manISI 243 (5) harizcandra -ye dharmazarmAbhyudaya ke racayitA haiN| kucha maidyaka granthoM meM inakA nAma bhI AtA hai| kucha vidvAn inheM kharanAda saMhitA ke racayitA mAnate haiN| (6) zubhacandra--11vIM0 zatI ke vidvAn the| inhoMne dhyAna evaM yoga ke sambandha meM jJAnArNava nAmaka grantha likhA hai| yaha bhI Ayurveda ke jJAtA the| (7) hemacandAcArya--ye yogazAstra ke vidvAn the / . (8) zoThala -ye IsA kI 12vIM zatI meM hue haiN| inakA kSetra gujarAta thaa| inhoMne Ayurveda ke agadanigraha tathA guNasaMgraha grantha likhe haiM, ve upalabdha haiN| prAyogika vyavahAra ke liye uttama grantha haiN| (9) ugrAditya-ye 8vIM zatI ke karnATaka ke jaina vaidya the| dharmazAstra evaM Ayurveda ke vidvAn the| jIvana kA adhika samaya cikitsaka ke rUpa meM vyatIta kiyA hai| ye rASTrakaTa rAjA nRpatuga amoghavarSa ke rAjya vaidya the| inhoMne kalyANakAraka nAmaka cikitsA grantha likhA hai| jo Aja upalabdha hai / isameM 26 adhyAya haiM / inameM roga lakSaNa, cikitsA, zarIra, kalpa, agadataMtra evaM rasAyana kA varNana hai| ye solApura se prakAzita hai| rogoM kA doSAnusAra vargIkaraNa AcArya kI vizeSatA hai| inhoMne jaina AcAra-vicAra kI dRSTi se cikitsA kI vyavasthA meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga nahIM batAyA hai| inhoMne amoghavarSa ke darabAra meM mAMsAhAra kI nirarthakatA vaijJAnika pramANoM ke dvArA prastuta kI thI aura anta meM ve vijayI rhe| mAMsAhAra roga dUra karane kI apekSA aneka naye rogoM ko janma detA hai, yaha inhoMne likhA hai| yaha bAta Aja ke yuga meM utanI hI satya hai / jitanI usa samaya thii| (10) vIrasiMha-ve 13 vIM0 zatI meM hue haiN| inhoMne cikitsA kI dRSTi se jyotiSa kA mahattva likhA hai| vIrasiMhAvaloka inakA gantha hai| (11) nAgArjuna--isa nAma ke kaI AcArya hue haiN| jisameM 3 pramukha haiM / jo nAgArjuna siddha nAgArjuna the, ve 600 e0 DI0 meM hue haiN| ve pUjyapAda ke ziSya the| unheM razasAtra kA bahuta jJAna thaa| inhoMne nepAla-tibbata Adi sthAnoM kI yAtrA kI aura vahA~ rasazAstra ko phailAyA thaa| inhoMne pUjyapAda se mokSa prApti hetu rasavidyA sIkhI thii| inhoMne (1) rasa kAca pula aura (2) kakSapura tama thA siddha cAmuNDA grantha likhe the| bhadanta nAgArjuna aura bhikSa - nAgAguna bauddha matAvalambI the / (12) paNDita AzAdhara-ye nyAya, vyAkaraNa, dharma Adi ke sAtha Ayurveda sAhitya ke bhI manISI the| inhoMne vAgbhaTTa, jo Ayurveda ke RSi the, unake aSTAMga hRdaya grantha kI udyotinI TIkA kI hai, jo aprApya hai| inakA kAla vi0 saM0 1272 hai| ye mAlava-nareza arjuna varmA ke samaya dhArA nagarI meM the| inake vaidyaka jJAna kA prabhAva inake "sAgAradharmAmRta" grantha meM milatA hai| ataH ye vidvAn vaidya the| inheM sUri, nayavizvAcA , kalikAlikAdAsa, prajJApuMja Adi vizeSaNoM se kahA gayA hai / ataH inake vaidya hone meM saMdeha nahIM hai| paNDita jI ne
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________________ 244 harizcandra jaina samAja ko pUrNa ahiMsaka jIvana bitAte hue mokSamArga kA upadeza diyA hai, zarIra, mana aura AtmA kA kalyANakArI upadeza inake sAgAradharmAmRta meM hai| yadi zrAvaka usake anusAra AcaraNa kare, to rugNa hone kA avasara nahIM A sakatA hai| (13) bhiSak ziromaNi harSakIti sUri-inakA ThIka kAla jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai ye nAgapurIya tapAgacchIya candrakIrti ke ziSya the aura mAnakIrti bhI inake guru the| inhoMne yogacintAmaNi aura vyAdhinigraha grantha likhe haiN| donoM upalabdha haiM aura prakAzita haiN| donoM cikitsA ke lie upayogI haiM / inake sAhitya meM caraka, suzruta evaM vAgbhaTTa kA sAra hai| kucha navIna yogoM kA mizraNa hai, jo inake svayaM ke cikitsA jJAna kI mahimA hai / yaha grantha eka jaina AcArya kI rakSA hetu likhA gayA thaa| (14) DA0 prANa jIvana maNika candra mehatA-inakA janma 1889 meM huaa| ye ema0DI0 DigrI dhArI jaina haiN| inhoMne caraka saMhitA ke aMgrejI anuvAda meM yogadAna diyA hai / jAmanagara kI Ayurveda saMsthA meM saMcAlaka rahe haiN| isa prakAra Ayurveda sAhitya ke aneka jaina manISI hue haiN| vartamAna kAla meM bhI kaI jaina sAdhu tathA zrAvaka cikitsA zAstra ke acche jAnakAra haiM kintu unhoMne koI grantha nahIM likhe haiM / maiMne kaI jaina sAdhuoM ko zalya-cikitsA kA kArya saphalatA pUrvaka niSpanna karate hue dekhA hai| jaina AcAryoM ne Ayurveda sAhitya kA lekhana tathA vyavahAra samAja-hita ke liye kiyA hai| bhAratavarSa meM jaina dharma kI apanI dRSTi hai| usameM jIvana ko samyak prakAra se jIte hue mokSamArga kI ora pravRtti karanA hotA hai / isaliye AhAra-vihAra Adi ke lie unhoMne ahiMsAtmaka samAja nirmANa kA vicAra evaM darzana diyA hai| cikitsA meM madya-mAMsa aura ma prayoga ko dhArmika dRSTi se samAveza nahIM kiyA hai| vaidika paramparA ke AcAryoM ne, jo Ayurveda sAhitya likhA hai, usase jaina paramparA ke dvArA likhita Ayurveda sAhitya meM ukta donoM paramparAoM kI acchI bAtoM ke sAtha nijI vizeSatAe~ hai| ve ahiMsAtmaka vicAra kI haiM jinakA sambandha zarIra, mana aura AtmA se hai| isakA phala samAja meM acchA huA hai| Aja jaina AcAryoM ne, jo Ayurveda sAhitya likhA hai, usake saiddhAntika evaM vyavahAra pakSa kA pUrA parIkSaNa honA zeSa hai| jaina samAja tathA zAsana ko isa bhAratIya jJAna ke vikAsa hetu Avazyaka prayatna karanA caahiye| prAdhyApaka rAta Ayurveda vizvavidyAlaya jAmanagara
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________________ davAsI epaDi ma hAyaca ave soonaacoc0m yANadira samikSaNa paOP zAgAra