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________________ Atma-kendrita evaM Izvara-kendrita dharma-darzana -DA0 mAMgImala koThArI (svatantra cintaka, esosiyeTa prophesara darzana vibhAga jodhapura vizvavidyAlaya) dharma aura darzana ke itihAsa meM hameM prAcInakAla se hI do bhinna dhArAe~ milatI haiM jinheM milAne ke kaI prayAsa hue haiM jo kaI logoM ko zAnti pradAna avazya karate haiM parantu usase janita maulika kaThinAiyoM ko hala nahIM kara sakate / eka to ve dharma aura darzana haiM jinake kendra meM Izvara kA pratyaya hai aura dUsare ve jinake kendra meM AtmA kA pratyaya hai / Izvara-ke idrata dharma aura darzana ___ pazcima eziyA ke sabhI dharma-pArasI, yahUdI, IsAI, islAma Izvara-kendrita haiN| unake lie Izvara aura kevala Izvara hI antima pratyaya hai / jagata kI hara vastu usake dvArA racita hai / Izvara sarvajJAnI aura sarvazaktimAna hai, arthAt usake lie asambhava nAma kI koI cIja nhiiN| vaha jagata kA kAraNa hai, usakA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / jar3a aura jIva usI mahAna kAraNa ke kArya haiN| kisa prakAra ? yaha pUchane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / yaha saba kevala usake saMkalpa ke phala haiM na ki kisI sanAtana samAnAntara sattA kI naI vyavasthAe~ / tarkabuddhijanita sabhI dArzanika kaThinAiyA~ yahA~ Akara miTa jAtI haiN| pazcima eziyAI dharma apanI dhAraNA meM spaSTa hai, eka mata hai| cUMki Izvara ne hI sabhI jIvoM kI utpatti kI isalie koI bhI jIva kisI bhI prakAra se Izvara ke samakakSa nahIM ho sakatA / jIva cAhe kitanA bhI Atma-vikAsa karale, Izvara taka bhI pahu~ca jAya, usakA jJAna Izvara se sarvadA kama hI rhegaa| ' bhArata meM vaidika yuga meM prAkRtika zaktiyoM kI pUjA pracalita thI aura bahudevavAda se ekezvaravAda (monotheism) vikasita hone lagA thA / parantu upaniSadoM meM tatvamImAMsika cintana bahata huA jisake phalasvarUpa semeTika dharmoM kI taraha bhaktimArga vikasita nahIM ho sakA aura jJAnamArga ke dvArA ekezvaravAda kI pariNati ekatatvavAda (monism) meM hone lgii| hAlA~ki kucha upaniSadoM ne ekezvaravAda ko pracalita karane kI koziza kI, parantu upaniSadoM kI mukhya tatva mImAMsA ekatatvavAda kI rahI, jise unhoMne brahma yA AtmA zabdoM se nirdezita kiyaa| isa prakAra Izvarakendrita darzana hone ke bajAya upaniSada Atmakendrita darzana bana gaye aura jIva aura AtmA ko hI brahma ke artha meM lene lge| ( 76 )
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________________ 80 Atma-kendrita evaM Izvara-kendrita dharma darzana : DaoN. mAMgImala koThArI Atma-kendrita dharma aura darzana bhArata ke prAcInatama dharmoM meM jaina dharma ne Izvara kI sattA ko asvIkAra kiyA aura hara jIva ko apane karma kA kartA aura bhoktA hone ke vicAra ko mAnyatA dI / apane puruSArtha se karmoM ke kSaya dvArA Atma-vikAsa karake mokSa prApta karane kI kSamatA meM pUrNa vizvAsa ne ise Izvara-kendrita na hokara Atma-kendrita bnaayaa| karma kA kyA svarUpa hai, aura sabhI karmoM kA kSaya kisa prakAra ho, yaha jaina darzana kA mukhya viSaya bana gayA / AtmajJAna kI prApti karmoM ke kSaya hone se hI ho sakatI hai / karma kA kSaya karma se nahIM ho sakatA / hara karma se nayA karma hI banatA hai, cAhe zubha ho yA azubha / jaba nirjarA ke dvArA bure karmoM kA kSaya hone lagA yA lagatA hai to bace hue zubha karmoM kI zakti jIva ko jJAna ke vikAsa kI ora agrasara karatI hai / anta meM jJAna dvArA bace hue karmoM kA nAza usI prakAra ho jAtA hai jisa prakAra ghAsa ke Dhera kA eka cinagArI dvArA / isa prakAra mokSa-pApti ke lie nirjarA kA mahatva batalAkara jaina darzana ne zurU se hI eka aisI bhAvanA ko preraNA dI jise logoM ne karma-saMnyAsa nAma se pracalita kiyaa| moTe taura para isI taraha kA samAdhAna buddha ne bhI prastuta kiyaa| mahAvIra aura buddha ke samaya meM deza meM eka aisA dArzanika vAtAvaraNa bana gayA jaba upaniSada, jaina aura bauddha darzanoM ne pUrNataH jJAnamArga ko bar3hAvA diyA / parantu vedoM se preraNA vAle kucha upaniSadoM ne isa dhAraNA kI Izvara-kendrita darzanoM se samanvaya karane kI ceSTA kii| pUrvamImAMsA ne vaidika dharma ko apanAyA, jabaki utara-mImAMsA ne ekatatvavAdI upaniSadoM ko AdhAra bnaayaa| vedoM kI khulakara nindA na karate hue bhI upaniSadoM meM vaidika mUlyoM kA avamUlyana kiyA gyaa| zaMkarAcArya moTe taura para Atma-kendrita rahe / parantu vedAnta kI anya sabhI zAkhAoM ke AcAryoM ne Izvara-kendrita darzanoM kA pratipAdana kiyA jisake phalasvarUpa dArzanika jagata meM eka aisA antavirodha bar3ha gayA jisakA samAdhAna karane kA hara prayAsa viphala rahA / yaha virodha kevala siddhAnta kI dRSTi taka hI sImita nahIM rhaa| isake bahuta mahatvapUrNa vyAvahArika pariNAma nikle| vedAnta ke AcAryoM ne ekezvaravAda aura ekatatvavAda kA mizraNa kara diyaa| isane darzanazAstra ko eka amiTa ulajhana meM DAla diyaa| vedAnta ke AcArya usa ulajhana meM kho gye| jabaki semeTika dharma pUrNarUpa se Izvara-kendrita rahe / vedAnta para AdhArita sabhI dharma aura darzana na to pUrNarUpa se Izvara-kendrita rahe, na pUrNarUpa se Atma-kendrita rahe / unhoMne karma ke siddhAnta meM karmaphala kI anivAryatA ko mAnate hue bhI Izvara ko karmaphala para vITo (Veto) kI zakti pradAna kii| prArabdha, vidhi, karmagati meM saba ko bA~dhakara bhI puruSArtha ke lie ucita sthAna banAye rakhA aura Izvara kI sarvazaktimAnatA meM kamI nahIM Ane dii| vedAnta ke anuyAyI vyAvahArika jIvana meM vaidika karmakANDa aura usa para AdhArita smRtiyoM se preraNA lete rahe / isa prakAra bhAratIya jIvana meM eka tarapha vaidika karmakANDa aura dUsarI tarapha jaina prerita nirjarA ke prabhAva se adhika se adhika bacane kA vicAra, jo jaina aura vaidika dharma darzanoM meM nirantara vivAda kA viSaya banA huA thA, vaha aba veda-vedAnta ke bhItara bhI vivAda kA viSaya bana gyaa| gItA ne spaSTa rUpa se usa samaya ke vicAra-dvandva ko "karmayoga banAma karma saMnyAsa" ke dvandva ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyaa| karma dvArA mokSa kI prApti yA karmasaMnyAsa dvArA mokSa kI prApti ke viSaya para bahuta lambe samaya taka vivAda calatA rahA / gItA ne apane darzana ko Izvara-kendrita banAkara karma ke sAtha jJAna aura bhakti kA isa taraha mizraNa kiyA ki usase ulajhana bar3hatI hI gaI / zaMkarAcArya ne vyavahAra meM sabhI taraha ke virodhA
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana bhAsoM ko palane diyA, parantu siddhAnta rUpa se vedAnta ko punaH Atma-kendrita banAne kI pUrI koziza kii| lekina bAda ke kaI santoM ne gItA ko kendra banAkara bhakti mArga ko isa prakAra bala diyA ki karma aura jJAna kA mahatva gauNa hone lgaa| hamArA sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika jIvana bhI Izvara ke bharose calane lagA / hamArI bhAvanAe~, zubha aura azubha bhakti-kendrita rahIM jisake duSpariNAma sAmpradAyika tanAva ke rUpa meM ubharane lage / Izvara-kendrita darzanoM ko apanAne vAle semiTika dharmoM ne Izvara ke nAma para khUba lar3AIjhagar3e kiye / yahUdiyoM ne yaha vA ke nAma para, IsAiyoM ne Izvara ke nAma para aura musalamAnoM ne allAha ke nAma para "dharmayuddha" kiye aura khUba khUna bahAyA / ina savakA yahI vizvAsa rahA hai ki Izvara kevala hamAre sAtha hai, anya dharmoM ke logoM ke sAtha nahIM hai / vaha unako naraka meM bheja degaa| ___ bhAratIya dharma aura darzana jaba taka Atma-kendrita rahe, yahA~ kA sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika jIvana matAndhatA se viSAkta nahIM huA thaa| parantu islAma ke Ane ke bAda sthiti badalanI zurU huii| gulAmI ke lambe yuga meM Izvara-bhakti ne unheM eka ajIba taraha kI mastI pradAna kI / zaMkarAcArtha ke bAda vedAnta pUrNarUpa se Izvara-kendrita bana gyaa| Izvara-kendrita banane para AtmajJAna kA avamUlyana zurU huA / bhakti ke nAma para ajJAna aura matAndhatA bar3hate gaye / rAmAnuja, madhva aura vedAnta ke anya AcAryoM ne zaMkarAcArya ke viruddha hI nahIM balki Apasa meM bhI azobhanIya bhASA meM vivAda zurU kara diye / Izvara ke nAma para dhArmika vaimanasya bar3hane lgaa| jaba aMgreja bhArata chor3ane ko the, taba musalamAnoM ne pAkistAna ke liye jihAda-sA cher3a diyaa| unakI saphalatA se isa dhAraNA ko bala milA ki bar3e paimAne para hiMsA ke dvArA rAjanaitika lakSya prApta kiye jA sakate haiN| isase paMjAba ke matAndha logoM ko preraNA milI / Aja paMjAba meM roja nirdoSa logoM kI hatyAe~ ho rahI haiM / ve saba Izvara ke nAma para hI ho rahI haiM / hama yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki AtaMkabAdiyoM meM bhakti nahIM hai / vaha AvazyakatA se adhika hai| parantu Atma-kendrita darzana ke abhAva meM vaha ajJAna meM lipta hai| Aja dhArmika kSetra meM jisa taraha kA vAtAvaraNa banA huA hai, vaha bhakti mArga ke anAvazyaka mahatva ke kAraNa huA hai / bhakti ke sAtha jJAna honA atyanta Avazyaka hai, varanA usake pariNAma bahuta khataranAka ho sakate haiM, vyakti ke liye hI nahIM balki samAja aura deza ke liye bhI / siddhAnta aura vyavahAra meM kevala jaina darzana hI Atmakendrita rahA hai / jaina samAja meM jahA~ kahIM bhI burAI dikhAI de rahI hai usakA kAraNa bhakti kI lahara kA kuprabhAva hai / kaI kSetroM meM jaina loga [vaiSNavoM kI bhakti kI nakala karane meM lage haiM / pariNAmataH jaina samAja meM sAmpradAyikatA kI bImArI kaI vargoM meM phaila gaI hai| pustaka pUjA, mUrti pUjA, vyakti pUjA kevala sAdhana haiN| ve apane Apa meM sAdhya nahIM haiN| ve yadi Atma-jJAna jAgrata nahIM kara sakate to ajJAna se dUSita bhakti hI panapAyeMge / jo loga jJAnI haiM aura matoM se pare haiM, ve dhyAna ke mahatva para adhika bala dete haiN| dhyAna vyakti ko tuccha bhAvanAoM se pare le jAtA hai| yaha dhyAna mandira meM mUrti ke sAmane kiyA jA sakatA hai aura sthAnaka, Azrama yA guphAoM ke ekAnta meM bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa viSaya para jo vivAda hue haiM, ve AtmajJAna kI kamI ke sUcaka haiM / yadi jaina dRSTikoNa Atmakendrita rahatA hai to bhakti ke sAtha jo ajJAna ghusa gayA hai, usase vaha mukta ho sakatA hai / jaina-jagata ko netRtva dene vAloM ke lie yaha ati Avazyaka hai ki ve apane Atma-kendrita darzana kI zuddhatA ko banAye rkheN| khaNDa 4/11