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________________ apabhraza evaM hindI jaina sAhitya meM zodha ke naye kSetra DaoN. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla vigata 50 varSoM meM apabhraza kA vizAla sAhitya prakAza meM AyA hai| isa sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne kI dRSTi se jina vidvAnoM ne sarvaprathama khoja kArya kiyA unameM paM0 nAthUrAma premI, DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, muni jinavijaya jI, DaoN. e0 ena0 upAdhye evaM DaoN parazurAma vaidya ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM / san 1950 meM zrI mahAvIra jI kSetra ke sAhitya zodha vibhAga kI ora se prakAzita prazasti saMgraha meM sarvaprathama 50 apabhraza granthoM kI eka sAtha prazastiyoM ko dekhakara hindI ke suprasiddha vidvAn DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne apanI 'hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla' nAmaka kRti meM jo vicAra vyakta kiye the ve nimnaprakAra haiM : "san 1950 meM zrI kastUracanda kAsalIvAla ema0 e0, zAstrI ke sampAdakatva meM Amera zAstra bhaNDAra (jayapura ) ke granthoM kA eka prazasti saMgraha prakAzita huA hai jisameM lagabhaga 50 apabhraMza granthoM ko prazastiyA~ saMgrahIta hai| inameM se kucha kA to vidvAnoM ko pahile se bhI patA thA kucha naI haiN| inameM svayambhU, puSpadanta, padmakIti, vIra, nayanandi, zrIdhara, zrIcanda, hariSeNa, amarakIti, yazakIti, dhanapAla, zrutakIrti aura mANikkarAja, raidhU Adi kI kRtiyA~ haiN| adhikAMza racanAeM 13 vIM zatAbdI ke bAda kI batAI gaI haiN| usake bAda bhI 16 vIM zatAbdI taka apabhraMza meM racanAeM hotI rhii| isa prazasti saMgraha ke raidhU, yazakIti, dhanapAla, zrutakIti aura mANikkarAja caudahavIM aura usake bAda kI zatAbdiyoM ke kavi haiN| 'ye grantha adhikatara jaina grantha bhaNDAroM se hI prApta hue haiM aura adhikAMza jaina kaviyoM ke likhe hue haiN| svabhAvataH hI inameM jainadharma kI mahimA gAI hai aura usa dharma ke svIkRta siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para hI jIvana bitAne kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| parantu isa kAraNa se ina pustakoM kA mahattva kama nahIM ho jAtA / paravartI hindI sAhitya ke kAvya rUpa ke adhyayana karane meM ye pustakeM bahuta sahAyaka haiN|" DaoN. dvivedI jI kI ukta dhAraNA ke pazcAt apabhraza sAhitya kI ora vidvAnoM kA aura adhika dhyAna jAne lagA aura sarva prathama itihAsa ke rUpa meM DaoN. parisaMvAda-4
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________________ apabhraMza evaM hindI jaina sAhitya meM zodha ke naye kSetra 309 harivaMza kochar3a ne "apabhraza sAhitya' zIrSaka se zodha kArya kiyA aura Amera zAstra bhaNDAra ke prazasti saMgraha ko hI apanI khoja kA mukhya AdhAra bnaayaa| yahI nahIM DaoN. rAmasiMha tomara, DaoN. devendra kumAra indaura, DaoN. devendra kumAra nImaca evaM paramAnanda zAstrI dehalI evaM DaoN. nemIcanda zAstrI, DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, DaoN. bhAyANI ne apabhraza sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne kA apane jIvana kA mukhya lakSya banAyA aura samaya-samaya para apabhraMza kRtiyoM para lekha likhakara vizvavidyAlayoM meM zodha chAtroM kA isa ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyaa| aba taka apabhraza kI jina kRtiyoM kA prakAzana ho cukA hai unameM mahAkavi puSpadanta ke mahApurANa, jasahara cariu, NAyakumAra cariu, svayaMbhU kA paumacariu, vIra kA jaMbUsAmi cariu, dhanapAla kA bhaviSyadatta kahA, amarakIti kA chakkammopaesa tathA mahAkavi raidhU ke grantha ullekhanIya haiN| ye sabhI apabhraMza bhASA kI ucca starIya racanAyeM haiM jinake adhyayana evaM manana se bhAratIya saMskRti evaM vizeSataH jaina saMskRti kA parijJAna hotA hai / apabhraMza sAhitya evaM kAvyoM kI vizAla saMkhyA ko dekhate hue ye sabhI prakAzana ATe' meM namaka ke barAbara haiN| vAstava meM dekhA jAve to apabhraMza bhASA kI kRtiyoM kA abhI to pUrA sarvekSaNa bhI nahIM ho sakA hai, kyoMki rAjasthAna, madhya pradeza, uttara pradeza evaM dehalI ke zAstra bhaNDAroM ke sUcIkaraNa kA abhI pUrA kArya honA zeSa hai| phira bhI jitanI saMkhyA meM apabhraza sAhitya sAmane AyA hai vaha apane Apa meM mahattvapUrNa hai| DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI ne apabhraMza ke 150 kaviyoM kI tIna sau racanAoM aura vibhinna bhaNDAroM meM saMgrahIta unakI eka sahasra pratiyoM kA vivaraNa saMkalita kiyA hai| sAtha hI inhoMne apabhraMza bhASA se sambandhita aura prakAzita sAmagrI kA ullekha "apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya kI zodha pravRttiyA~" pustaka meM kiyA hai| idhara vizvavidyAlayoM meM apabhraMza sAhitya para jo zodha kArya ho rahA hai isakI gati bahuta hI dhImI hai| isalie apabhraMza sAhitya para zodha kArya ke lie vizAla kSetra zodhAthiyoM ke samakSa par3A huA hai| abhI to adhikAMza upalabdha kRtiyoM kA sAmAnya adhyayana bhI nahIM ho sakA hai kyoMki jo kucha adhyayana sAmane AyA hai vaha saba prAyaH graMtha prazastiyoM ke AdhAra para likhA huA hai| apabhraMza sAhitya carita pradhAna sAhitya hai / usameM adhikAMza racanAeM nAyaka ke samagra jIvana ko prastuta karatI haiM isaliye usameM pravandha kAvya adhika haiM khaNDa kAvya kama haiN| 8vIM zatAbdI se lekara 15vIM zatAbdI taka apabhraza meM sAhitya nirmANa kI jo dhArA bahI aura usameM parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 310 janavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana mahAkavi svayaMmbhU, puSpadanta, vIra, nayanandi, dhavala, dhanapAla, gaNi devasena, yazakIrti evaM raidhU jaise mahAkavi hue jinake kAvyoM kI tulanA kisI bhI anya bhASA ke kAvyoM se kI jA sakatI hai lekina abhI taka ina mahAkaviyoM meM se 2-3 ko chor3akara zeSa kA pUrA mUlyAMkana bhI nahIM ho pAyA hai| abhI to hama prazasti saMgrahoM ke AdhAra para unakI kRtiyoM ke nAma mAtra jAna sake haiN| isalie apabhraMza sAhitya meM zodhArthiyoM ke lie vipula kSetra par3A huA hai jinameM kaviyoM kA vistRta jIvanavRtta, inakA kAvya nirmANa kI dRSTi se mUlyAMkana, anya kaviyoM se tulanAtmaka adhyayana, unake kAvyoM kA sAMskRtika evaM bhASAgata adhyayana, rasa, alaMkAra, chanda kI dRSTi se kAvyoM kA mahattva Adi vividha rUpoM meM kAvyoM kA adhyayana honA zeSa haiN| vAstava meM apabhraMza sAhitya kA jitanA gahana adhyayana hogA bhAratIya sAhitya meM jaina sAhitya ko utanA hI adhika sthAna prApta hogaa| yahA~ maiM eka bAta kI ora dhyAna AkRSTa karanA cAhatA hU~ ki abhI taka rAjasthAna, madhya pradeza, dehalI evaM uttara pradeza ke kucha granthAgAroM kA bhI pUrA sacIkaraNa kA kArya nahIM ho sakA hai| rAjasthAna kA prasiddha granthAgAra nAgaura kA bhaTTArakIya zAstra bhaNDAra', kucAmana tathA anya kucha nagaroM ke zAstra bhaNDAroM kI khoja honA Avazyaka haiM ina bhaMDAroM meM sambhavataH apabhraMza kI kucha aura bhI kRtiyAM saMgrahIta hoN| jinakI prApti ke pazcAt zodha ke aura bhI naye kSetra khula sakate haiN| apabhraza sAhitya ke prakAzana evaM usa para zodha kArya kI atyadhika AvazyakatA hai / eka eka grantha ke sampAdana ko lekara eka eka zodha prabandha likhA jA sakatA hai / kyoMki apabhraMza hindI kI pUrvavartI jananI mAnI jAtI hai isaliye vizvavidyAlayoM ke prAkRta, saMskRta evaM hindI vibhAgoM meM apabhraMza bhASA sAhitya para zodha kArya ho sakatA hai| aba maiM Apake samakSa kucha aise viSayoM kA nAmollekha karatA hU~ jina para zodha kArya ho sakatA hai| zodha ke lie katipaya viSaya 1. mahAkavi svayambhU-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2. riTThaNemicariu kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 3. paumacariu kA sAMskRtika adhyayana parisaMvAda-4
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________________ apabhraMza evaM hindI jaina sAhitya meM zodha ke naye kSetra 4. apabhraMza kA prathama aura antima mahAkAvya 5. apabhraMza ke pramukha mahAkavi 6. apabhraMza ke pratinidhi kavi aura unake kAvya 7. mahAkavi padamakIrti-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 8. hariSeNa kI dhammaparikkhA kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 9. vIra evaM zRGgAra rasa pradhAna jaMbUsAmi cariu kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 10. mahAkavi yazaH kIrti-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 11. mahAkavi dhavala ke harivaMzapurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 12. apabhraMza kA aitihAsika kAvya : amarasenacariu - eka adhyayana 13. mahAkavi zrutakIrti kI apabhraMza sAhitya ko dena 14. apabhraMza ke prabandha kAvya 15. apabhraMza ke khaNDa kAvya 16. mahAkavi nayanandi-vyaktitva eva kRtitva 17. gaNi devasena ke sulocanA carita kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 18. hindI bhASA ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kI dena 19 mahAkavi dhanapAla evaM unakA apabhraMza sAhitya 20. mahAkavi idhU ke kAvyoM kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 21. mahAkavi jayamitra hala - vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 22. chakkammopaesa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 23. apabhraMza kAvyoM meM prayukta chandoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 24. 14vIM zatAbdi ke pratinidhi apabhraMza kAvya 311 apabhraMza kI taraha hindI meM bhI jaina vidvAnoM ne usa samaya likhanA prArambha pare samajhA jAtA thA tathA ve bhASA ke kiyA jaba usameM kalama calAnA pAMDitya se paMDita kahalAte the / yaha bhedabhAva to mahAkavi tulasIdAsa evaM banArasIdAsa ke bAda taka calatA rahA / hindI meM sarva prathama rAsa saMjJaka racanAoM meM kAvya nirmANa prArambha huaa| jaba apabhraMza bhASA kA deza meM pracAra thA taba bhI jaina kaviyoM ne apanI dUradarzitA ke kAraNa hindI meM bhI lekhanI calAI aura sAhitya kI sabhI vidhAoM ko pallavita karate rhe| jinadattacarita ( saM0 1354 ) evaM pradyumnacarita ( saM0 1411 ) jaisI kRtiyA~ apane yuga kI prathama pustakeM haiM / mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne pradyumna parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 312 janavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana carita ko braja bhASA kA prathama mahAkAvya batalAyA hai| jaina kaviyoM ne hindI kI sabase adhika evaM sabase lambe samaya taka sevA kI aura usameM abAdha gati se sAhitya nirmANa karate rhe| lekina hindI ke vidvAnoM kI jaina granthAgAroM taka pahu~ca nahIM hone ke kAraNa ve usakA mUlyAMkana nahIM kara sake aura jaba hindI sAhitya kA kramabaddha itihAsa likhA jAne lagA to jaina granthAgAroM meM saMgrahIta vizAla hindI sAhitya ko yaha likhakara sAhitya kI paridhi se bAhara nikAla diyA ki vaha kevala dhArmika sAhitya hai aura usameM sAhityika tattva vidyamAna nahIM hai / rAmacandra zukla kI isa eka paMkti se jaina vidvAnoM dvArA nirmita hindI sAhitya ko rASTrIya dhArA meM samAhita hone ke daravAje banda ho gaye aura use Aja taka bhI rASTrIya sAhitya meM sammilita nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai| samaya ne palTA khaayaa| jaina granthAgAroM ke tAle khulane lage / zanaiH zanaiH vidvAnoM kA jaina vidvAnoM dvArA racita jaina kRtiyoM kI ora dhyAna jAne lgaa| mizrabandhu vinoda meM kucha jaina racanAoM kA paricaya diyA gayA lekina svayaM jaina vidvAn bhI apane vizAla sAhitya se aparicita rahe / sarva prathama sva0 paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI ne hindI jaina sAhitya kI ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyaa| san 1947 meM kAmatA prasAdajI kA hindI jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa aura san 1956 meM DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI kA hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana ( do bhAgoM meM ) prakAzita hue| isI bIca mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne svayambhU ke paumacariu ko hindI kA prathama mahAkAvya ghoSita karake jaina hindI sAhitya ke mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA aura hindI jagata ko use svIkAra karane kA Agraha kiyaa| lekina itanA hone para bhI anekAnta, jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, vIravANI, sammelana patrikA, pariSada patrikA Adi meM vibhinna lekhoM ke prakAzana ke atirikta jaina vidvAnoM dvArA racita kAvya kRtiyAM susampAdita hokara hindI jagata ke samakSa prastuta nahIM kI jA skiiN| isa dRSTi se sAhitya zodha vibhAga ne sarva prathama san 1960 meM pradyumnacarita evaM san 1966 meM jinadattacarita kA prakAzana karAkara isa kSetra meM pahala kii| pradyumna carita ke prakAzana meM hindI jagata ne usake mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA aura sUrapUrva braja bhASA kA use prathama kAvya svIkAra kiyA gayA tathA DaoN. vAsudevasiMha ne apane zodha prabandha meM usa para vistRta adhyayana prastuta kiyaa| idhara suprasiddha sAhitya sevI zrI agaracanda jI nAhaTA ne jaina parisaMvAda-4
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________________ apabhraMza evaM hindI jaina sAhitya meM zodha ke naye kSetra 313 hindI sAhitya para apane pacAsoM lekhoM meM vistRta prakAza DAlA aura usase bhI hindI jaina sAhitya ke prati vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkarSita karane meM saphalatA milii| zrI mahAvIra kSetra kI ora se hI rAjasthAna ke jaina santa evaM mahAkavi daulatarAma kAsalIvAla vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ina do pustakoM ke prakAzana se hindI jaina sAhitya kI vizAlatA ko dekhane kA vidvAnoM ko avasara prApta huA aura vizvavidyAlayoM meM jaina hindI sAhitya evaM kaviyoM para pI-eca0 DI0 kI upAdhi ke lie viSaya svIkRta hone lage / aba taka mahAkavi banArasIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, budhajana, bhagavatIdAsa, brahma jinadAsa jaise kucha kaviyoM para zodha prabandha vizvavidyAlayoM dvArA svIkRta ho cuke haiN| lekina hindI jaina sAhitya kI vizAlatA ko dekhate hue hamAre ye prayAsa bhI ATe meM namaka barAbara haiN| san 1977 meM jayapura meM sampUrNa hindI jaina sAhitya ko 20 bhAgoM meM prakAzita karane ke lie zrI mahAvIra grantha akAdamI kI sthApanA hindI jaina sAhitya ke prakAzana ke kSetra meM eka mahattvapUrNa kadama hai jisakI saphalatA ke lie sabhI vidvAnoM kA sahayoga apekSita hai| akAdamI kI ora se karIba 500 jaina hindI kaviyoM ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para prakAza DAlA jAvegA tathA 50 pramukha kaviyoM kA vistRta adhyayana evaM unakI kRtiyoM kA prakAzana kiyA jaavegaa| akAdamI kI ora se aba taka prakAzita tIna bhAga---mahAkavi brahma rAyamalla evaM tribhuvanakIti, kavivara bucarAja evaM unake samakAlIna kavi tathA mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva-prakAzita ho cuke haiM jinakA sabhI ora se svAgata huA hai| akAdamI ke caturtha bhAga bhaTTAraka ratnakIrti evaM kumudacandra meM 70 anya jaina kaviyoM kA bhI paricaya hai| mere ukta itihAsa prastuta karane kA artha svayaM ke kArya para prakAza DAlane kA nahIM haiM lekina vidvAnoM ko hindI jaina sAhitya kI vizAlatA ke darzana karAne kA hai| hindI jaina sAhitya kI vizAlatA meM kisI ko sandeha nahIM ho sakatA lekina prazna uThatA hai usake mUlyAMkana evaM prakAzana kaa| isake atirikta yaha sAhitya kisI eka vidhA para likhA huA nahIM hai, kintu vaha sAhitya ke vividha rUpoM meM nibaddha hai jo anusaMdhAna ke mahattvapUrNa viSaya ho sakate haiN| yaha sAhitya stotra, pATha saMgraha, kathA, rAso, rAsa, pUjA, maMgala, jayamAla, praznottarI, maMtra, aSTaka, sAra, samuccaya, varNana, subhASita, caupaI, nisAnI, jakaDI, vyAhalo, badhAvA, vinatI, patrI, parisaMvAda-4
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________________ jaina vidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana AratI, bola, caracA, vicAra, bAta, gIta, lIlA, caritra, chaMda, chappaya, bhAvanA, vinoda, kAvya, nATaka, prazasti, dhamAla, cauDhAliyA, caumAsiyA, bArAmAsA, baToI, beli, hiMDolaNA, cUnaDI, sajjhAya, bArAkhaDI, bhakti, bandanA, paccIsI, battIsI, pacAsA, bAvanI, satasaI, sAmAyika, sahasranAma, nAmAvalI, guruvAvalI, stavana, saMbodhana, moDalo Adi vibhinna rUpoM meM milatA hai| ina vividha sAhitya rUpoM meM kisakA kaba Arambha huA aura kisa prakAra vikAsa aura vistAra huA ye zodha ke liye rocaka viSaya ho sakate haiM aura ina sabakI sAmagrI jaina granthAgAroM meM mila sakatI hai| vibhinna viSayoM ke atirikta abhI to saikar3oM aise kavi jo vidvAnoM ke lie ajJAta bane hue haiN| aise kavi 14vIM zatAbdI se lekara 19vIM zatAbdI taka itanI adhika saMkhyA meM haiM ki yahA~ para unake nAma mAtra ullekha karanA bhI saMbhava nahIM haiN| sabase adhika kavi 17vIM 18vIM evaM 19vIM zatAbdI meM hue| isake atirikta jitane bhI lokapriya evaM prasiddha kavi hue ve bhI 17vIM evaM 18vIM zatAbdI se hI adhika saMbaMdhita haiN| inameM se eka-eka jaina kavi ko zodha kA viSaya banAyA jA sakatA hai| yahI nahIM brahma jinadAsa, yazodhara, brahma rAyamalla, bUcarAja, chohala, ThakkurasI, banArasIdAsa, rUpacanda, bhagautIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, daulatarAma kAsalIvAla, dyAnatarAya jaise pacAsoM kavi to aise haiM jinakA vividha dRSTiyoM se adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaba sUra, tulasI, mIrA, jAyasI evaM kabIra para eka nahIM kintu pacAsoM zodha nibandha likhe jA sakate haiM to ina jaina kaviyoM para bhI pacAsoM nahIM to eka se adhika zodha nibandha to likhe hI jA sakate haiN| jaise jaise ye kavi vizvavidyAlayoM meM pahuMceMge vidvAnoM kA dhyAna unakI racanAoM para jaavegaa| aba maiM pacAsa aise zodha ke viSayoM kI ora ApakA dhyAna AkarSita karanA cAhatA hU~ jina para vizvavidyAlayoM meM zodha prabandha prastuta kiye jA sakate haiM : 1. hindI ke AdikAla ke jaina rAsa kAvya 2. kavivara rAjasiha-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 3. brajabhASA kA prathama kavi sadhAru evaM unakA pradyumnacarita 4. mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa ke kAvyoM kA bhASAgata adhyayana 5. brahma jinadAsa kA rAmasItA rAsa-eka adhyayana 6. rAsa kAvya ziromaNi brahma jinadAsa parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 315 apabhraMza evaM hindI jaina sAhitya meM zodha ke naye kSetra 7. 16vIM zatAbdI ke hindI jaina kavi 8. hindI ke jaina rUpaka kAvyoM kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 9. kavivara bUcarAja-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 10. hindI ke jaina kaviyoM kI bAvaniyoM kA udbhava evaM vikAsa 11. kavivara ThakkurasI-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 12. brahma rAyamalla kI racanAoM kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 13. bhaTTAraka ratanakoti--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 4. jaina saMta kumudacandra--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 15. nemi rAjula sAhitya-eka adhyayana 16. bhaTTAraka yazodhara ---vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 17. mahAkavi banArasIdAsa--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 18. samayasAra nATaka kA Atma darzana 19. kavivara rUpacanda- vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 20. hindI gadya lekhaka--pANDe rAjamalla 21. 17vIM zatAbdI ke hindI gadya nirmAtA 22. banArasIdAsa evaM unake samakAlIna kavi 23. bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 24. paMDita bhagautIdAsa--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 25. kavivara Anandaghana - vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 26. mahAkavi samayasundara ke kAvyoM kA adhyayana 27. pArzvapurANa kA sAMskRtika evaM tAtvika adhyayana 28. mahAkavi bhUdharadAsa ke padoM kA sAMskRtika vivecana 29. kavivara dyAnatarAya- vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 30. bAraha khar3I sAhitya 31. gadya padya nirmAtA--mahAkavi daulatarAma kAsalIvAla 32. daulatarAma kAsalIvAla ke kAvyoM kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 33. hindI gadya sAhitya ke vikAsa meM mahAkavi daulatarAma kA yogadAna 34. kizanasiha-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 35. kavivara khuzAlacanda kAlA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 36. jaina hindI purANa sAhitya--sAMskRtika adhyayana parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 316 jainavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana 37. kavivara nemicanda-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 38. jodharAja godikA--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 39. jaina kaviyoM ke padoM kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 40. chappaya chanda ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna 41. cUnaDI sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna 42. paMDita jayacanda chAbar3A-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 43. paMDita sadAsukha kAsalIvAla- vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 44 pArasadAsa nigotyA--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 45. bakhtarAma sAha ke kAvyoM kA adhyayana 46. bhakti evaM darzana pradhAna jaina pUjA sAhitya 47. paM0 daulatarAma--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva . 48. mahAkavi ToDaramala evaM unake samakAlIna kavi 49. kavivara bakhtAvara lAla evaM unakA hindI sAhitya 50. pANDe jinadAsa--vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ukta zIrSakoM ke atirikta abhI itane hI zodha ke lie aura viSaya ginAye jA sakate haiN| parisaMvAda-4