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________________ aparigraha : anAsakti yoga jar3a vastuoM ke adhika saMgraha se manuSya kI AtmA daba jAtI hai aura usake vikAsa kA mArga avaruddha ho jAtA hai| ataH Atma-vikAsa ke lie aparigraha kI vizeSa AvazyakatA hotI hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke cauthe adhyayana meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki-"he pramAdI jIva ! isa loka yA paraloka meM dhana zaraNa dene vAlA nahIM hai| andhakAra meM jaise dIpaka bujha jAe, to dekhA huA mArga bhI bina dekhe jaisA ho jAtA hai, vaise hI paudgalika vastuoM ke mohAMdhakAra meM nyAya-mArga kA dekhanA aura na dekhanA, donoM hI samAna ho jAte haiN| mamatvavRtti ke tyAga se hI dharma-mArga kA AcaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai|" saMgrahakhorI, saMcayavRtti yA pUMjIvAda Aja ke sabhI pApoM ke janaka haiN| apanI-apanI bhUmikA ke anurUpa raMka se lekara rAjA taka sabhI saMgraha karane meM hI magna hai| manuSya cAhe jitane choTe-bar3e vrata-niyama kareM, para saMgraha vRtti para niyantraNa na rakheM, to ve sacce artha meM apanA vikAsa nahIM kara skeNge| zaMkarAcArya ne ThIka hI kahA hai ki 'arthamanartha bhAvaya nityam / ' artha sacamuca anartha hI hai| zAstrakAroM ne 'artha' ke itane adhika anartha batAe haiM, phira bhI isa arthapradhAna yuga meM artha ko hI prANa samajhA jA rahA hai| apanA koI priyajana mara jAe, to usakA duHkha kucha mahIne bAda bhulA bhI diyA jAtA hai, parantu dhana kA nukasAna hotA hai, to usakA duHkha sArI jindagI taka manuSya bhUlatA nahIM hai| manuSya kI Aja dhana ke lie jitanI prabala AkAMkSA hai, utanI anya kisI ke lie pratIta nahIM hotI hai|| santa tukArAma ne aparigraha ke sambandha meM kahA hai-- "tukA mhaNe dhana prAmhAM gomAMsA smaan|" arthAt-dhana kA AvazyakatA se adhika sneha karanA, gomAMsa kI taraha tyAjya honA caahie| binovA bhAve ne kahA hai ki 'jisa paise kI tuma paramezvara kI taraha pUjA karate ho, vaha paisA paramezvara nahIM, pizAca hai, jisakA bhUta tuma para savAra ho gayA hai| jo rAtadina tumakoM satAtA rahatA hai aura tanika bhI ArAma nahIM lene detA hai / paisA rUpI pizAca ko tuma devatulya samajha kara kaba taka pUjate rahoge aura namaskAra kara usake Age kaba taka apanI nAka ragar3ate rhoge|' yaha parigraha kAma, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kA janaka hai| dharmarUpI kalpavRkSa ko jalA dene vAlA hai| nyAya. kSamA. santoSa, namratA prAdi sadagaNoM ko khA jAne vAlA viSalA kIr3A hai| parigraha bodhabIja kA yAni samakita kA vinAzaka hai aura saMyama, saMvara tathA brahmacarya kA ghAtaka hai| yaha janma, jarA aura maraNa ke bhaya ko paidA karane vAlA hai| mokSamArga meM vighna khar3A karane vAlA aura viSAkta kiMpAka phaloM ko dene vAlA hai| cintA aura zoka rUpa sAgara ko bar3hAne vAlA, tRSNA rUpI viSavallarI ko sIMcane vAlA, kar3akapaTa kA bhaNDAra aura kleza kA ghara hai| 1. vittaNa tANaM na lameM pamatte, imami loe aduvA paratthe / dIvappaNaThe va aNaMtamohe, neyAuyaM damadaTThameva / / ---uttarAdhyayana, 4,5 aparigraha : anAsakti yoga 307 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kucha loga parigraha kI maryAdA to le lete haiM, para usameM chUTa bahuta rakha lete haiN| aisA karane se vrata kA prAzaya siddha nahIM hotA hai| sacamuca dekhA jAe to yaha vrata parigraha ko ghaTAne ke lie hai| hamAre pAsa jitanA ho, usameM se bhI dhIre-dhIre kama karate jAnA caahie| parigraha kama karate jAne para hI parigraha parimANa vrata tejasvI bana sakatA hai| mAnava samAja ko sukhI banAne ke lie aura vividha saMgharSaNoM se mukta karane ke lie isa vrata kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| aparigraha ke aticAra : "kSetra-vastu-hiraNya-suvarNa dhana-dhAnya-dAsIdAsa, kupyapramANAtikramAH" isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| kheta, ghara, dhana-dhAnya, dAsa-dAsI, sonA-cAMdI Adi kI baMdhI huI maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA, isa vrata ke aticAra hai| ina aticAroM se bacate hae kramazaH parigraha ko kama karate jAnA hI prAtma-zAnti ko pAne kA aura vikAsa karane kA rAjamArga hai| bAraha vratoM meM ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ke pA~ca vrata mUla vrata haiN| dharmarUpI vRkSa ke ye mUla haiM? sAmAyika, pauSadha, tapa Adi niyamoM ko uttara vrata ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai| dharmarUpI vRkSa ke ye patte haiN| mUla vratoM ke sAtha hI inakA pAlana karanA lAbhadAyI hotA hai| unake abhAva meM inakA pAlana karanA, mUla ko chor3akara pattoM ko pAnI pilAne kA prayatna karane jaisA hai| ataH manuSya ko mUla vratoM kI tarapha pahale dhyAna denA caahie| ___ aparigraha ke mahAn saMdezavAhaka zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sahaja-bhAva se upayoga meM AnevAle vastra Adi kucha sthUla padArthoM ko parigraha nahIM batalAyA hai| vAstavika parigraha to unhoMne kisI bhI padArtha para murchA kA-Asakti kA rakhanA batalAyA hai---"mucchA prigho|" pUrNa-saMyamI ko dhana-dhAnya aura naukara-cAkara Adi sabhI prakAra ke parigrahoM kA tyAga karanA hotA hai| samasta pApa-karmoM kA parityAga karake sarvathA nirmamatva honA, to aura bhI kaThina bAta hai| parigraha-virakta muni jo bhI vastra, pAtra, kambala aura rajoharaNa Adi vastue~ rakhate haiM, ve saba ekamAtra saMyama kI rakSA ke lie hI rakhate haiM--kAma meM lAte haiN| inake rakhane meM kisI prakAra kI prAsakti kA bhAva nahIM hai| jJAnI puruSa, saMyama-sAdhaka upakaraNoM ke lene aura rakhane meM kahIM bhI kisI prakAra kA mamatva nahIM krte| aura to kyA, apane zarIra taka para bhI mamatA nahIM rkhte| sacce artha meM aparigraha kI yahI bahuta bar3I maryAdA hai| aparigraha ke saMdarbha meM yaha bAta khAsa dhyAna dene yogya hai| darzana-zAstra ke prAcAryoM se pUchA ki parigraha kyA hai ? to unhoMne batAyA----"mUrchA parigrahaH" mana kI mamatA, Asakti hI parigraha hai| vastu kA tyAga aparigraha nahIM ho sakatA, moha yA Asakti kA tyAga hI aparigraha hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki vastu kA chor3anA kyA hai ? Apa kahate haiM, maiMne kapar3e kA tyAga kara diyA, dhana kA tyAga kara diyA, makAna kA tyAga kara diyA, kintu maiM pUchatA hU~ ki kyA vaha kapar3A ApakA thA? vaha dhana aura makAna ApakA thA? Apa caitanya haiM, vaha vastu jar3a hai, jar3a aura caitanya kA kyA sambandha ? gadhe aura ghor3e kA kyA riztA, kyA nAtedArI? jar3a para cetana kA koI adhikAra nahIM, aura cetana para jar3a kA koI adhikAra nahIM, phira yaha tyAga kisakA ? 308 pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Intemational
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________________ ApakA apanA kyA hai ? jJAnamaya AtmA apanA hai, akhaNDa caitanya apanA hai| isakA tyAga ho nahIM sktaa| aura, vastu kA to tyAga, vAstava meM tyAga hai hI nhiiN| to prazna yaha hai ki phira tyAga kA, aparigraha kA kyA matalaba huA? isakA artha hai ki vastu ke prati jo mamatA buddhi hai, rAma hai, murchA hai, usakA tyAga kara sakate haiM aura vahIM vAstava meM tyAga hai, aparigraha hai| mamatA haTa jAne para, rAga buddhi miTa jAne para zarIra rahate hue bhI aparigrahI avasthA hai, deha hote hue bhI dehAtIta avasthA hai, zrImad rAjacandra ke zabdoM meM-"deha chatAM jehanI dazA, barate dehAtIta / te jJAnInA caraNamAM, vandana ho agaNIta // " deha ke hote hue bhI isake prati niSkAma aura nirvikalpa avasthA jaba prApta ho jAtI hai, taba sampUrNa aparigraha kI sAdhanA hotI hai| mUlataH mUrchA arthAt mamatva evaM moha parigraha hai| kintu, sAdhAraNa sAdhaka sahasA ukta ucca sthiti para pahu~ca nahIM sakatA / ataH use mamatva-tyAga kI yAtrA meM anAvazyaka evaM anupayogI vastuoM kA bhI pUrNataH yA Rmika tyAga karanA hotA hai / bAhya vastue~ sAdhAraNa vyakti kta ke lie mAkI deta bana jAtI hai| ataH kArya kA kAraNa meM upacAra karake vastayoM ko bhI parigraha ke kSetra meM mAnA gayA hai| aura, unake tyAga kA yathAzakti upadeza diyA gayA hai| spaSTa hai, vastu tyAga de, phira bhI usakI Asakti rakhe, to vaha vastu ke abhAva meM bhI parigraha kI koTi meM A jAtA hai| ataH parigraha kA cintana dravya aura bhAva' donoM dRSTi karanA Avazyaka hai| aparigraha : anAsakti yoga 309 Jain Education Intemational