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________________ anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda koI bhI dharmapravartaka apane zAsanako sthAyI aura vyApaka rUpa deneke liye manuSya-samAjake sAmane do bAtoMko peza karatA hai-eka to dharmakA uddezya-rUpa aura dusarA usakA vidheya-rUpa / dUsare zabdoMmeM dhamake uddezyarUpako sAdhya, kArya yA siddhAnta kaha sakate hai aura usake vidheya-rUpako sAdhana, kAraNa yA AcaraNa kaha sakate hai / vIrazAsanake pAribhASika zabdoMmeM dharma ke ina donoM rUpoMko kramase nizcayadharma aura vyavahAradharma kahA gayA hai| prANimAtrake liye AtmakalyANameM yahI nizcaya-dharma uddiSTa vastu hai aura vyavahAradharma hai isa nizcaya-dharmakI prAptike liye usakA karttavyamArga / ina donoM bAtoMko jo dharmapravartaka jitanA sarala, spaSTa aura vyavasthita rItise rakhanekA prayatna karatA hai usakA zAsana saMsArameM sabase adhika mahattvazAlI samajhA jA sakatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, vaha sabase adhika prANiyoMko hitakara ho sakatA hai| isaliye pratyeka dharmapravartakakA lakSya dArzanika siddhAntakI ora daur3atA hai| vIrabhagavAnakA dhyAna bhI isa ora gayA aura unhoMne dArzanika tattvoMko vyavasthita rUpase unakI tathyapUrNa sthiti taka pahu~cAneke liye darzanazAstrake AdhArastambha rUpa anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda ina do tattvoMkA AvirbhAva kiyaa| anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda ye donoM darzanazAstrake liye mahAna gar3ha haiN| jainadarzana inhIMkI sImAmeM vicaratA huA saMsArake samasta darzanoMke liye Aja taka ajeya banA huA hai| dUsare darzana jainadarzanako jItanekA prayAsa karate to haiM paraMtu ina durgAke dekhane mAtrase unako niHzakta hokara baiTha jAnA par3atA hai-kisIke bhI pAsa inake tor3aneke sAdhana maujUda nahIM haiN| jahA~ anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdakA itanA mahattva bar3hA huA hai vahA~ yaha bhI niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki sAdhAraNajanakI to bAta hI kyA ? ajaina vidvAnoMke sAtha-sAtha prAyaH jaina vidvAn bhI inakA vizleSaNa karanemeM asamartha haiN| ___ anekAnta aura syAt ye donoM zabda ekArthaka haiM yA bhinnArthaka ? anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdakA svatantra svarUpa kyA hai ? anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda donoMkA prayogasthala eka hai yA svatantra ? Adi samasyAe~ Aja hamAre sAmane upasthita haiN| yadyapi ina samasyAoMkA hamArI va darzanazAstrakI unnati yA avanatise pratyakSarUpameM koI sambandha nahIM hai parantu apratyakSarUpameM ye hAnikara avazya haiN| kyoMki jisa prakAra eka grAmINa kavi chaMda, alaMkAra, rasa, rIti AdikA zAstrIya parijJAna na karake bhI chaMda, alaMkAra Adise susajjita apanI bhAvapUrNa kavitAse jagatako prabhAvita karane meM samartha hotA hai usI prakAra sarvasAdhAraNa loga anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdake zAstrIya parijJAnase zUnya honepara bhI parasparavirodhI jIvanasaMbandhI samasyAoMkA inhIM donoM tattvoMke balapara avirodha rUpase samanvaya karate hue apane jIvana-saMbandhI vyavahAroMko yadyapi vyavasthita banA lete haiM parantu phira bhI bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoMke jIvanasaMbandhI vyavahAroM meM paraspara virodhIpana hone ke kAraNa jo lar3AI-jhagar3e paidA hote haiM ve saba anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdake rUpako na samajhaneke hI pariNAma haiN| isI taraha ajaina dArzanika vidvAna bhI anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdako darzanazAstrake aMga na mAnakarake bhI apane siddhAntoMmeM upasthita huI paraspara virodhI samasyAoMko inhIMke balapara hala karate hae yadyapi dArzanika tattvoMkI vyavasthA karane meM samartha hote hae najara A rahe haiM, to bhI bhinna-bhinna dArzanikoMke siddhAntoMmeM paraspara virodhIpana honeke kAraNa unake dvArA
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________________ 4 / bazana aura nyAya 41 apane siddhAntoMko satya aura mahattvazAlI tathA dUsareke siddhAntako asatya aura mahattvarahita siddha karanekI jo asaphala ceSTA kI jAtI hai vaha bhI anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdake svarUpako na samajhanekA hI phala hai / sArAMza yaha ki loka meM eka dUsareke prati jo virodhI bhAvanAe~ tathA dharmoMmeM jo sAmpradAyikatA Aja dikhAI de rahI hai usakA kAraNa anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdako na samajhanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai / jainI loga yadyapi anekAntavAdI aura syAdvAdI kahe jAte haiM aura ve khuda bhI apaneko aisA kahate haiM, phira bhI unake maujUdA pracalita dharma meM jo sAmpradAyikatA aura unake hRdayoMmeM dUsaroMke prati jo virodhI bhAvanAe~ pAI jAtI haiM usake do kAraNa haiM - eka to yaha ki unameM bhI apane dharmako sarvathA satya aura mahattvazIla tathA dUsare dharmoko sarvathA asatya aura mahattvarahita samajhane kI ahaMkAravRti paidA ho jAnese unhoMne anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda ke kSetrako bilakula saMkucita banA DAlA hai, aura dUsare yaha ki anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdakI vyAvahArika upayogitAko ve bhI bhUle hue haiM / anekAnta aura syAtkA arthabheda bahutase vidvAn ina donoM zabdoMkA eka athaM svIkAra karate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki anekAntarUpapadArtha hI syAt zabdakA vAcya hai aura isIliye ve anekAnta aura syAdvAdameM vAcya vAcaka sambandha sthApita karate haiM - unake matase anekAnta vAcya hai aura syAdvAda usakA vAcaka hai / parantu " vAkye Sva nekAntadyotI" ityAdi kArikA meM par3e hue " dyotI" zabdake dvArA svAmI samantabhadra spaSTa saMketa kara rahe haiM ki 'syAt' zabda anekAntakA dyotaka hai, vAcaka nahIM / yadyapi kucha zAstrakAroMne bhI kahIM-kahIM syAt zabdako anekAnta arthakA bodhaka svIkAra kiyA hai, anekAntarUpa rUr3ha artha mAnakarake aneka artha huA karate haiM aura ve anekAntarUpa arthaM prasiddhArthaM zabdakA prasiddha arthaM mAnA parantu vaha artha vyavahAropayogI nahIM mAlUma par3atA hai-- kevaka syAt zabdakA ina donoM zabdoMkI samAnArthakatA siddha kI gaI hai / yadyapi rUr3hi se zabdoMke asaMgata bhI nahIM kahe jAte haiM phira bhI yaha mAnanA hI par3egA ki syAt zabdakA nahIM hai / jisa zabdase jisa arthakA sIdhe taurapara jaldIse bodha ho sake vaha usa jAtA hai aura vahI prAyaH vyavahAropayogI huA karatA hai; jaise 'go' zabda pazu, bhUmi, vANI Adi aneka arthoM meM rUr3ha hai parantu usakA prasiddha artha pazu hI hai, isaliye vahI vyavahAropayogI mAnA jAtA hai / aura to kyA ? hindI meM gau yA gAya zabda jo ki go zabdake apabhraMza haiM kevala strI go meM hI vyavahRta hote haiM, puruSa go arthAt baila rUpa artha meM nahIM, isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki ve baila rUpa artha ke vAcaka hI nahIM haiM kintu baila rUpa artha unakA prasiddha artha nahIM, aisA hI samajhanA cAhiye / syAt zabda uccAraNake sAtha-sAtha kathaMcit arthakI aura saMketa karatA hai anekAntarUpa arthakI ora nahIM, isaliye kathaMcit zabdakA artha hI syAt zabdakA artha athavA prasiddha artha samajhanA cAhiye / anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdakA svarUpa anekAntavAda zabda ke tIna zabdAMza haiM - aneka, anta aura vAda / isaliye aneka - nAnA, anta-vastudharmokI, vAda-mAnyatAkA nAma 'anekAntavAda' hai / eka vastumeM nAnAdharmoM (svabhAvoM) ko prAyaH sabhI darzana svIkAra karate haiM, jisase anekAntavAdakI koI vizeSatA nahIM raha jAtI hai aura isaliye una dharmokA kvacit virodhIpana bhI anAyAsa siddha ho jAtA hai, taba eka vastumeM paraspara virodhI aura avirodhI nAnA dharmokI mAnyatAkA nAma anekAntavAda samajhanA cAhiye / yahI anekAntavAdakA avikalasvarUpa kahA jA sakatA hai / 4-6
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________________ 42 : sarasvatI varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha syAdvAda zabda do zabdAMza haiM-- syAt aura vAda / Upara likhe anusAra syAt aura kathaMcit ye donoM zabda eka arthake bodhaka haiM-- kathaMcit zabdakA artha hai "kisI prakAra" / yahI arthaM syAt zabdakA samajhanA cAhiye / vAda zabdakA artha hai mAnyatA / " kisI prakArase arthAt ekadRSTise - eka apekSAse yA eka abhiprAyase", isa prakArakI mAnyatAkA nAma syAdvAda hai / tAtparya yaha ki virodhI aura avirodhI nAnAdharmavAlI vastumeM amuka dharma amuka dRSTi yA amuka apekSA yA amuka abhiprAyase hai tathA vyavahArameM "amuka kathana, amuka vicAra, amuka kArya, amuka dRSTi, amuka apekSA, yA amuka abhiprAyako liye hue haiN"| isa prakAra vastuke kisI bhI dharma tathA vyavahArakI sAmaMjasyatAkI siddhike liye usake dRSTikoNa yA apekSAkA dhyAna rakhanA hI syAdvAdakA svarUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai / anekAnta aura syAdvAdake prayogakA sthalabheda (1) ina doMnoMke ullikhita svarUpapara dhyAna denese mAlUma par3atA hai ki jahA~ anekAntavAda hamArI buddhiko vastuke samasta dharmokI ora samAnarUpase khIMcatA hai vahA~ syAdvAda vastuke eka dharmakA hI pradhAnarUpase bodha karAne meM samartha hai / (2) anekAntavAda eka vastumeM paraspara virodhI aura avirodhI dharmokA vidhAtA hai - vaha vastuko nAnA dharmAtmaka batalAkara hI caritArtha ho jAtA hai / syAdvAda usa vastuko una nAnA dharmoke dRSTibhedoMko batalAkara hamAre vyavahArameM Ane yogya banA detA hai - - arthAt vaha nAnAdharmAtmaka vastu hamAre liye kisa hAlata meM kisa taraha upayogI ho sakatI hai, yaha bAta syAdvAda batalAtA hai / thor3ese zabdoMmeM yoM kaha sakate haiM ki anekAntavAdakA phala vidhAnAtmaka hai aura syAdvAdakA phala upayogAtmaka hai / (3) yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki anekAntavAdakA phala syAdvAdakI mAnyatAko janma diyA hai, kyoMki jahA~ nAnAdharmokA hI kaise sakatI hai ? syAdvAda hai-- anekAntavAda kI mAnyatAne hI vidhAna nahIM hai vahA~ dRSTibhedakI kalpanA ho ullikhita tIna kAraNoM se bilkula spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki anekAntavAda ora syAdvAdakA prayoga bhinnabhinna sthaloMmeM honA cAhiye / isa taraha yaha bAta bhalIbhAMti siddha ho jAtI hai ki anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda ye donoM eka nahIM haiM; parantu paraspara sApekSa avazya haiM / yadi anekAntavAdakI mAnyatAke binA syAdvAda kI mAnyatA ke binA syAdvAdakI mAnyatAkI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai to syAdvAdakI mAnyatA ke binA anekAntavAda - kI mAnyatA bhI nirarthaka hI nahIM balki asaMgata hI siddha hogii| hama vastuko nAnAdharmAtmaka mAna karake bhI jabataka una nAnAdharmokA dRSTibheda nahIM samajheMge tabataka una dharmokI mAnyatA anupayogI to hogI hI, sAtha hI vaha mAnyatA yuktisaMgata bhI nahIM kahI jA sakegI / jaise laMghana rogIke liye upayogI bhI hai aura anupayogI bhI, yaha to huA laMghanake viSayameM anekAntavAda | lekina kisa rogIke liye vaha upayogI hai aura kisa rogIke liye vaha anupayogI hai, isa dRSTibhedako batalAne vAlA yadi syAdvAda na mAnA gayA to yaha mAnyatA na kevala vyartha hI hogI, balki pittajvaravAlA rogI laMghanakI sAmAnyataurapara upayogitA samajhakara yadi laMghana karane lagegA to use usa laMghanake dvArA hAni hI uThAnI par3egI / isaliye anekAntavAdake dvArA rogIke sambandhameM laMghana kI upayogitA aura anupayogitA rUpa do ko mAna karake bhI vaha laMghana amuka rogIke liye upayogI aura amuka rogIke liye anupayogI hai, isa dRSTi-bhedako batalAne vAlA syAdvAda mAnanA hI par3egA / eka bAta aura hai, anekAntavAda vaktAse adhika saMbandha rakhatA hai; kyoMki vaktAkI dRSTi hI vidhA -
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________________ 4 | darzana aura nyAya : 43 nAtmaka rahatI hai / isI prakAra syAdvAda zrotAse adhika sambandha rakhatA hai; kyoMki usakI dRSTi hamezA upayogAtmaka rahA karatI hai / vaktA anekAntavAdake dvArA nAnAdharmaviziSTa vastukA digdarzana karAtA hai aura zrotA syAdvAdake jariyese usa vastuke kevala apane liye upayogI aMzako grahaNa karatA hai / ina kathanase yaha tAtparya nahIM lenA cAhiye ki vaktA 'syAt' kI mAnyatAko aura zrotA 'anekAnta' kI mAnyatAko dhyAnameM nahIM rakhatA hai| yadi vaktA 'syAt'kI mAnyatAko dhyAnameM nahIM rakhegA to vaha eka vastumeM paraspara virodhI dharmokA samanvaya na kara sakaneke kAraNa una virodhI dharmokA usa vastumeM vidhAna hI kaise karegA? aisA karate samaya virodharUpI sipAhI corakI taraha usakA pIchA karaneko hamezA taiyAra rhegaa| isI taraha yadi zrotA 'anekAnta' kI mAnyatAko dhyAnameM nahIM rakhegA to vaha dRSTibheda kisa viSayameM karegA? kyoMki dRSTibhedakA viSaya anekAnta arthAt vastuke nAnAdharma hI to haiN| isaliye Uparake kathanase kevala itanA tAtparya lenA cAhiye ki vaktAke liye vidhAna pradhAna hai-vaha syAtakI mAnyatApUrvaka anekAntakI mAnyatAko apanAtA hai aura zrotAke liye upayoga pradhAna hai-vaha anekAntakI mAnyatApUrvaka syAtkI mAnyatAko apanAtA hai / / mAna liyA jAya ki eka manuSya hai, anekAntavAdake jariye hama isa natIjepara pahu~ce ki vaha manuSya vastutvake nAte nAnAdharmAtmaka hai--vaha pitA hai, putra hai, mAmA hai, bhAI haiM Adi Adi bahuta kucha hai| hamane vaktAkI haisiyatase usake ina sampUrNa dharmoMkA nirUpaNa kiyaa| syAdvAdase yaha bAta taya huI ki vaha pitA hai syAt-kisI prakArase-dRSTivizeSase-arthAt apane putrakI apekSA; vaha putra hai, syAt-kisI prakAra arthAt apane pitAkI apekSA; vaha mAmA hai syAt-kisI prakAra arthAt apane bhAnajekI apekSA, vaha bhAI hai syAtkisI prakAra-arthAta apane bhAIkI apekSA ___ aba yadi zrotA logoMkA usa manuSyase ina dRSTiyoMmeMse kisI bhI dRSTise sambandha haiM to ve apanI-apanI dRSTise apane liye upayogI dharmako grahaNa karate jaaveNge| putra usako pitA kahegA, pitA usako putra kahegA, bhAnajA usako mAmA kahegA aura bhAI usako bhAI kahegA, lekina anekAntavAdako dhyAnameM rakhate hae ve eka dUsareke vyavahArako asaMgata nahIM tthhraaveNge| astu / isa prakAra anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdake vizleSaNakA yaha yathAzakti prayatna hai| AzA hai isase pAThakajana ina donoMke svarUpako samajhane meM saphala honeke sAtha sAtha vIra-bhagavAnke zAsanako gambhIratAkA sahaja hImeM anubhava kareMge aura ina donoM tattvoMke dvArA sAMpradAyikatAke paradeko haTAkara vizuddha dharmakI ArAdhanA karate hue anekAntavAda aura syAdvAdake vyAvahArika rUpako apane jIvanameM utArakara vIra-bhagavAnke zAsanakI advitIya lokopakAritAko siddha karane meM samartha hoNge|