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________________ amarIkI saMgrahAlayoM evaM nijI saMgrahoM meM jaina pratimAeM DA0 brajendranAtha zarmA aba se lagabhaga 50 varSa pUrva jaba suprasiddha vidvAna DA. AnaMda kumArasvAmI ne bhAratIya kalA kA sahI DhaMga se mUlyAMkana saMsAra ke sAmane rakhA tabhI se yoropa evaM amerikA ke saMgrahAlayoM evaM anya amIra logoM meM bhAratIya kalAtiyoM ko prApta karane kI hor3a sI laga gaI hai| isake phalasvarUpa vahAM ke saMgrahAlayoM meM alagaalaga DhaMga se bhAratIya kakSoM kI bhI sthApanA huI jisameM pASANa, kAMsya, mRNyamaya, kASTha, hAthI-dAMta kI mUrtiyoM ke atirikta sundara lagha citroM ko bhI pradarzita kiyA gayA / amerikA ke lagabhaga pratyeka saMgrahAlaya meM anya dharmoM ke devI-devatAoM ke sAtha sAtha jaina tIrthaMkaroM evaM yakSa-yakSaNI Adi kI pratimAyeM bhI vidyamAna haiM jo jaina dharma evaM kalA ke vidyArthiyoM ke adhyayana ke liye bar3I upayogI haiN| prastuta lekha meM hama aise hI saMgrahAlayoM evaM vahAM ke nijI saMgrahoM meM saMgrahIta kucha mahatvapUrNa pratimAoM kA saMkSepa meM varNana kareMge / bambaI nivAsI zrI nasalI hIrAmAnika aba se kAphI samaya pUrva amarIkA meM basa gaye the aura vahAM unhoMne deza videza kI kalAkRtiyoM kA bar3A acchA saMgraha kara liyA / inakI patnI zrImatI elisa 'mAnika ko bhI apane pati ke sAtha prAcIna kalAkRtiyoM ke saMgraha meM ruci thii| inake saMgraha meM tIna jaina mUrtiyAM haiM jinakA ucita sthAna para varNana kareMge / inameM sabase mahatvapUrNa mUrti tevIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI hai / dhAtu kI 9 vIM zatI I0 kI yaha kalAtmaka mUrti gujarAta meM akoTA se prApta samakAlIna mUrtiyoM se kAphI sAmyatA rakhatI hai| prastuta mUrti meM pArzvanAtha ko eka sundara siMhAsana para dhyAna mudrA meM baiThe dikhAyA gayA hai| inake zISa ke Upara bane sarpa ke sAta phaNoM meM se aba kevala tIna hI zeSa bace haiN| anya cAra TUTa gaye haiM pArzvanAtha ke vakSa para zrI vatsa cinha hai| isa tritIrthI meM makhya mati ke donoM ora sambhavataH mahAvIra eMva AdinAtha kI chatra ke nIce kAyotsarga madrA meM prati mAyeM haiM aura pratyeka ke pIche sundara prabhA-maNDala hai / siMhAsana kI dAhinI ora yakSa sarvAnubhUti kI gajArUr3ha eMva bAIM ora yakSiNI ambikA ke dAhine hAtha meM Amra lumbI hai aura vaha bAeM hAtha se goda meM lie bAlaka ko pakar3e hue hai| siMhAsana para sAmane dharma cakra ke donoM ora eka-eka mRga baiThe dikhAe gae haiM aura kinAroM para cAra-cAra grahoM kA aMkana hai / isI se sAmya rakhatI eka mUrti bambaI ke prinsa Apha velsa saMgrahAlaya meM pradarzita hai (naM. 6708) / pArzvanAtha kI eka atyanta kalAtmaka mUrti evarI branDeja saMgraha meM bhI sthita hai / isameM vaha sAta phaNoM ke nIce jinake Upara trikSatra banA hai, eka padmAsana para kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e haiM / prazAMta mudrA, lambe kAna, AjAnubAhu Adi vizeSatAoM jinakA varAhamihira ne apanI 'bRhatsaMhitA' meM ullekha kiyA hai, ko kalAkAra ne bar3I sajIvatA se darzAyA hai| nagna hone ke kAraNa pratimA digambara sampradAya kI pratIta hotI hai / mUlamUrti ke pairoM ke samIpa eka eka caMvaradhArI sevaka tathA unake Upara gaja zArdula bane haiM / jinake zISa ke donoM ora eka-eka haMsa va bAdaloM meM ur3ate mAlAdhArI gandharva pradarzita kie gae haiN| mUrti kI pIThikA para kamala nAla ke pAsa nAga va nAgI, upAsaka tathA nevaidya Adi kA bhI citraNa hai| yaha mUrti bihAra meM pAla zAsakoM ke samaya 11 vI zatI I0 meM banI pratIta hotI hai| klIvaleNDa myujiyama Apha ArTa meM pArzvanAtha kI eka durlabha mUrti pradarzita hai / madhya bhArata meM lagabhaga 10 vIM zatI meM nirmita isa mUrti meM kamaTha apane sAthiyoM sahita pArzvanAtha para AkramaNa karatA dikhAyA gayA hai / prAcIna jaina graMthoM meM vaNita kathA ke anusAra jaba pArzvanAtha saMsAra tyAgane ke bAda tapasyA meM lIna the taba kamaTha ne unheM tapasyA karane para aneka prakAra kI bAdhAeM DAlI, usane una para parvata zilAeM phaikI, ghora varSA karI tathA siMha, bicchU vI. ni. saM. 2503 131 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ betAla Adi se bhI DaravAne kA prayatna kiyA / parantu vaha ghora tapasyA meM aDiga rahe / ataH bAda meM kamaTha ne lajjita hokara kSamA yAcanA kI / isa prakAra kI anya pratimAyeM prAyaH dularbha haiN| bihAra se milI eka aisI mUrti vikToriyA eNDa albarTa saMgrahAlaya laMdana tathA athUNA se milI, ajamera saMgrahAlaya meM pradarzita hai / bAdAmI tathA alorA meM bhI aisI anya mUrtiyAM abhI bhI dekhI jA sakatI haiN| klIvalaiNDa saMgrahAlaya kI isa Adamakada mUrti (naM0 61, 419) meM nagna pArzvanAtha kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e haiM / isameM inake zIrSa para bane bar3e sarpa phaNoM ke Upara gandharva yugma, zaMkha vAdaka va mAlAdhArI divya bane haiN| mUrti ke donoM ora dharaNendra-nAga kI rAniyoM arthAt nAginoM ke citraNa haiM jaba ki jinake zIrSa ke Upara svayaM vaha phaNa phailAe kamaTha dvArA kI jAne vAlI varSA tathA pattharoM se tIrthaMkara kI rakSA kara rahA hai| tIrthaMkara kI mUrti ke samIpa caMvaradhArI sevaka tathA cAra anya nAgiyoM kA sundara aMkana kiyA gayA hai| zrI jaisana bI. grosamena ke saMgraha meM balae patthara kA banA eka bar3A sundara jina mUrti kA sira hai| isameM unake ghugharAle kezoM ko bar3I sundaratA se darzAyA gayA hai / prastuta zIrSa meM mAthe para maMgalakArI cihna banA hai, parantu anya vizeSatAoM ke abhAva meM kisI vizeSa tIrthakara mUrti se isakA saMbaMdha batAnA kaThina kArya hai / yaha zIrSa rAjasthAna kI lagabhaga 10 vIM zatI I. kalA kA udAharaNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| uparyukta zIrSa kI lagabhaga samakAlIna eka tIrthakara prastara pratimA zrImatI evaM zrI herI lenArTa ke saMgraha meM bhI hai| isameM tIrthakara dhyAna mudrA meM eka siMhAsana para virAjamAna haiN| mUrti ke vakSa para zrI vatsa cihna banA hai parantu unakA lAkSana khaNDita ho jAne ke kAraNa unakI ThIka pahacAna karanA kaThina hai / mUrti ke bAMI ora eka caMvara pakar3e sevaka khar3A hai| jabaki dAhinI ora kA sevaka khaNDita hai| prastuta mUrti kA bAMI ora kA UparI bhAga bhI TUTa gayA hai aura dAhinI aura eka mAlAdhArI gandharva tathA gaja hI zeSa bacA hai| lAla balue patthara kI yaha mUrti sambhavataH madhyapradeza meM lagabhaga 9 vIM zatI I. meM banI hogii| bosTana ke kalA saMgrahAlaya meM uttarI bhArata meM 10 vIM sadI I. meM nirmita eka tIrthakara mUrti kA UparI bhAga pradarzita hai (naM. 55511) / isa do phITa va tIna iMca UMcI mUrti ko sva. DaoN. Ananda kumAra svAmI ne bhrAMti se mahAvIra kI pratimA batAyA hai jo ucita nahIM hai| isameM unake keza Upara kI ora baMdhe haiM tathA jaTA donoM ora kandhoM para par3I haiM jisase spaSTa hai ki yaha AdinAtha kI mUrti hai| mUrti paryApta rUpa se khaNDita hone para bhI kalA kA anupama udAharaNa hai / mUrti ke zIrSa ke donoM ora bAdaloM meM ur3ate hue mAlAdhArI gandharva bane haiM aura sabase Upara trichatra ke Upara eka divya vAdaka mRdaMga bajAkara AdinAtha kI kaivalya prApti para harSa dhvani karatA pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| isI saMgrahAlaya meM maisUra se prApta jina kI 9 vIM 10 vIM zatI I. kI kAMsya pratimA bhI hai, jisameM unako dhyAna mudrA meM dikhAyA gayA hai| dakSiNa bhArata kI anya jaina pratimAoM kI bhAMti isa mUrti ke vakSa para zrI vatsa cihna kA abhAva hai / mUti suDaula hai evaM kalA kI dRSTi se bhI sundara hai / isI se sAmya rakhatI tIrthaMkara kI dhyAna mudrA meM eka anya parantu pASANa mUrti jise vinimaya meM rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, naI dillI se prApta kiyA gayA thA, philADelphiyA myUjiyama Apha ArTa ke bhAratIya kakSa meM sAmane hI pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| isameM bhI lAMkSana nahIM milatA hai yaha caula-kAlIna 11 vIM zatI I. kI kRti hai| madhyakAla meM rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM jaina dharma kA kAphI prAvanya hone ke kAraNa vahAM pASANa evaM dhAtu ko aginata jaina mUrtiyoM kA bhI nirmANa huaa| aisI mUrtiyAM aneka saMgrahAlayoM ke atirikta abhI bhI jaina mandiroM meM pUjA hetu pratisthApita haiN| amerikA kI aMjali gailarI ke saMgraha meM vi. saM. 1111 va 1054 I. kI eka kAMsya pratimA meM tIrthakAra ko eka UMce siMhAsana para dhyAna mudrA meM dikhAyA gayA hai| unake donoM ora eka-eka caMvaradhArI sevaka khar3A hai tathA siMhAsana ke donoM ora yakSa evaM yakSI baiThe haiN| sAmane pIThikA para madhya meM dharma cakra ko ghere mRga evaM dAhinI ora cAra va bAMI ora pAMca grahoM kA aMkana hai| lAMkSana aspaSTa hai| UparI bhAga meM mAlAdhArI gandharva tathA nikSatra para zaMkha bajAte hue eka divya gAyaka banA hai / tIrthakara kI AMkheM, zrI vatsa, va siMhAsana ke kucha bhAga para cAMdI jar3I huI hai| pazcimI bhArata se prApta vi.saM. 1508 (1451 I.) kI eka mUrti zrI aura zrImatI bova villodhabAI ke saMgraha meM bhI hai| parantu isameM bhI lAMkSana kA abhAva hone se mUrti kI ThIka pahacAna kara pAnA kaThina hai| isa paMcatIrthI mUrti meM mUla pratimA ke donoM ora eka-eka tIrthaMkara kAyotsarga mudrA meM va unake Upara eka anya tIrthakara dhyAna mudrA meM dikhAyA gayA hai| anya bAteM lagabhaga uparyukta vaNita mUrti jaisI hI haiN| aisI hI eka anya jina paMcatIrthI zrI jesana bI. grosamena ke pAsa bhI hai| mati ke pIche utkIrNa lekha se vidita hotA hai ki isakA nirmANa vi.saM. 1516 (1459 I.) khudA huA hai isameM bhI AMkheM evaM zrI vatsa Adi ke sthAna para cAMdI kA prayoga huA hai| lAsa eMjIlima kAunTI myujiyama Apha ArTa, meM bhagavAna vimalanAtha kI paMcatArtho prardAzata hai| mUrti ke pRSTha bhAga para tIrthaMkara kA nAma vimalanAtha tathA usakA nirmANa kAla vi.saM. 1587 (1530 I.) khudA huA hai / vimalanAtha kA lAMkSana zukara unake Asana ke nIce banA hai tathA siMhAsana ke donoM ora eka-eka khar3e tIrthakara ke atirikA eka-eka caMvaradhArI sevaka bhI banA hai aura unake Upara eka-eka anya tArtha kara dhyAna mudrA meM nirmita hai| sAmane poThikA para zAMti-devI ke donoM aura navagrahoM kA citraNa hai| amerIkA meM bhArata se prApta kucha jaina devI ambikA kI pratimAeM bhI pahuMca gaI haiN| aisI mUrtiyoM meM saMbhavataH sabase prAcIna pratimA sTenadahala gailarI meM surakSita hai / ur3IsA se prApta lagabhaga 132 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ 10 vI zatI I. meM nirmita huI isa mati meM ambikA ko eka AmoM se lade vRkSa ke nIce dvibhaMga mudrA meM khar3e dikhAyA gayA hai| inake dAhine hAtha meM eka Amralumbi hai aura bAMe hAtha se vaha eka nanheM bAlaka ko pakar3e hue hai / inake dAhinI ora bhI eka bAlaka apane dAhine hAtha meM kucha lie khar3A huA hai| zrI purANa meM ambikA ke ina do putroM ke nAma subhekara tathA prebhaMkara milate haiM / devI ne sundara mukuTa, hAra, kaMgana va sAr3I pahina rakhI hai| Amra vRkSa ke Upara tIna tIrthaMkaroM kI dhyAnastha mUrtiyAM haiN| devI kA vAhana siMha sAmane baiThA dikhAyA gayA hai| yaha mUrti prastara kalA kA zreSTha udAharaNa hai| uttara pradeza meM jhAMsI jile ke devagar3ha nAmaka sthAna se prApta ambikA kI eka pASANa pratimA evarI banDeja saMgraha meM bhI dekhI jA sakatI hai / tribhaMga mudrA meM khar3I isa mUrti meM unake donoM dAhine hAtha khaNDita haiM parantu pairoM ke samIpa bane AmoM ke gucche se pratIta hotA hai ki vaha dAhine nicale hAtha meM Amra lumbi pakar3e thii| Upara kA bAMyA hAtha bhI khaNDita aspaSTa padArtha pakar3e hai aura sAtha vAle nicale hAtha meM vaha eka bAlaka ko samhAle hue hai / isa mUrti meM bhI AmravRkSa ke Upara tIna tIrthaMkara dhyAna mudrA meM virAjamAna haiN| inake atirikta inake donoM ora bhI eka-eka zIrSa rahita tIrthakara kI dhyAna mudrA meM mUrti banI hai| inake pairoM ke pAsa eka-eka sevikA pUrNa ghaTa lie dono ora khar3I haiN| dAhine paira ke pAsa inakA dvitIya putra khar3A hai va bAe paira ke pAsa inakA vAhana siMha baiThA huA hai| devI ne sundara mukuTa, kokura, kuNDala, hAra, mAlA, sAr3I va pAdajAlaka Adi dhAraNa kara rakhe haiN| prastuta mUrti candela kalA kI 11 vIM zatI I. kA utkRSTa udAharaNa hai| pASANa pratimAoM ke atirikta ambikA kI do kAMsya mUrtiyAM bhI amerIkA ke saMgrahoM meM surakSita haiN| inakI prathama mUrti jo maisUra, meM 10 vI 11 vI sadI I. meM banI lagatI hai eka padma pITha para divabhaMga mudrA meM khar3I hai| inake bhI dAhine hAtha meM eka Amra-lumbi hai va bAMyA hAtha apane putra ke zIrSa ke Upara rakhA hai| inakA dvitIya putra dAhinI ora khar3e eka siMha para savAra dikhAyA gayA hai| devI ke zIrSa ke Upara Ama kA vRkSa hai, jisa para bahuta se Ama laTakate hue dikhAe gae haiN| aura usI ke Upara jina kA dhyAnamudrA meM aMkana huA hai| prastuta mUrti kalA-saMgrahAlaya, bosTana meM pradarzita hai| pazcimI bhArata meM vi.saM. 1366 (1309 I.) meM nirmita ambikA kI eka pItala kI mRti ko eka UMce Asana para lalitAsana meM baiThe dikhAyA gayA hai parantu yahAM Amra vRkSa kA abhAva hai, yadyapi yaha apane dAhine hAtha meM AmoM kA gucchA lie hai| bAMe hAtha se apane putra ko godI meM samhAle hai aura inakA anya putra inake dAhine paira ke samIpa khar3A hai| devI ne karaNDa, mukuTa, kuNDala, hAra va sAr3I pahina rakhI hai tathA inakA vAhana siMha bAMe paira ke samIpa khar3A hai| sabase UparI bhAga meM eka tAkha meM jina kI dhyAna mudrA meM mUrti banI hai| yaha mUrti aMjali gailerI meM vidyamAna hai| isa lekha meM hamane saMkSepa meM kevala kucha jaina mUrtiyoM kA jo isa samaya amerIkA meM vidyamAna haiM, kA varNana kiyA hai| parantu uparyukta vaNita saMgrahAlayoM evaM nijI saMgrahoM ke atirikta bhI aneka dUsare saMgrahAlayoM meM jaina mUrtiyAM haiN| aura unakA bhI adhyayana honA paramAvazyaka hai| AzA hai una para bhI vidvAna lekha likhakara sabhI ko lAbha phucaayeNge| ( rAmAyaNa kI lokapriyatA....pRSTha 130 kA zeSa) sItA niHzaMka hokara usa prajvalita agnikuMDa meM praveza karatI hai| praveza karate samaya vaha kahatI hai ki he agni deva ! manase, vacana se, aura kAya se jAgRta avasthA meM aura svapna avasthA meM merA patibhAva radhunAtha ko chor3a kara anya kisI bhI puruSa meM ho to, mujhe jalA ddaalo| agara merA zIla saccA hai to merI rakSA kro| devoM ne usI samaya agni ko pAnI banAyA aura usameM eka siMhAsana rakha kara usameM sItA ko baitthaayaa| cAroM tarapha jaya-jayakAra havA / rAma ne kahA sItA tuma parIkSA meM saphala huI, aba mere sAtha mahala meM calo / sItA ne inakAra karate huve kahA ki jaba Apane mujhe dUra rahane ko kahA thA tabhI maiM saMsAra se virakta ho gaI thii| parIkSA maine isaliye dI ki agara binA parIkSA diye maiM calI jAtI to logoM ko yaha zaMkA rahatI ki sItA pavitra hai yA nhiiN| aba to merA jIvana jaMgala meM Atma-sAdhanA meM hI biitegaa| rAma nirAza ho kara mahala meM lauTa gye| sItA ke zIla kI cAroM-ora prazaMsA hone lgii| rAmAyaNa aisI aneka ghaTanAoM se bharI par3I hai| isI kAraNa se baha lokapriya banI rahI hai / uttara bhArata meM rAmakathA rAmalIlA ke rUpa meM bar3e Adara va prema ke sAtha khelI va dekhI jAtI hai| 0 vI. ni. saM. 2503 Jain Education Intemational Jain Education Intermational