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________________ AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sopAna yatIndravijayajI nyAya, vyAkaraNa-kAvyatIrtha sAhityazAstrI bhUmikA anAdikAla se vAsanAjanya saMsAra meM karma baMdhanoM se Abaddha cetana pratisamaya karmajanya vibhAvadazA dvArA Aroha avaroha ke jhUlA meM jhUlatA rahatA hai| kabhI vaha unnata dazA meM rahatA hai, kabhI avanata dazA meM rahatA hai| ata: cetana kA vikAsa patana ke nApaka (bairomITara) rUpa guNasthAna jaina zAstroM meM gaMbhIratA ke sAtha zAstrIya viSaya kA mukhya sthAna prApta kara cuke haiN| pUrva maharSiyoM ne ina guNasthAnoM kA svarUpa, lakSaNa evaM vistAra ke kaI pAMDityapUrNa grantha nirmANa karake tatva jijJAsu mahAnubhAvoM kI jijJAsA tRpta karane hetu bhagIratha puruSArtha kiyA hai| tadanusAra maiM bhI yatkiMcit rUpa se guNasthAna ke svarUpa dvArA AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI mukhya bhUmikA isa lekha ke mAdhyama se prastuta kara rahA huuN| cetana kA vikAsakrama zarIra ke aMgopAMga kA vikAsa zArIrika vikAsa kahA gayA hai| mana se saMbaMdhita vikAsa mAnasika vikAsa mAnA gayA hai isI prakAra cetana ke mUlabhUta guNa kA vikAsa AdhyAtmika vikAsa se saMbodhita kiyA hai| zarIradhArI prANiyoM kI avasthA meM bAla, yuvA, vRddha kA krama hotA hai| Rtu meM zIta, grISma evaM varSA kA krama hotA hai| kAla meM bhUta, bhaviSya, vartamAna kA krama hotA hai| loka meM svarga, mRtyu, pAtAla kA krama hotA hai| vaise hI cetana ke vikAsakrama meM bAhyAtmA, aMtarAtmA, paramAtmA kA vikAsa krama nirdezita hai, jaina darzana meM yahI vikAsa krama ke antargata caudaha guNasthAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| ina caudaha guNasthAnoM ke mAdhyama se hI cetana kA vikAsa krama parilakSita hotA hai, prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya guNasthAna meM bAhyAtmA, cauthe se bArahaveM guNasthAna meM aMtarAtmA evaM terahaveM tathA caudahaveM guNasthAna meM paramAtmA kA sthAna nizcita kiyA hai| guNasthAna kI paribhASA cetana ke guNa yA zakti kA sAkSAtkAra jina sthAnoM meM kiyA jAya arthAt ki Atmazakti yA vikAsa kI bhUmikA jo batalA de unako guNasthAna kahate haiN| anaMta guNoM ko prakarSa, apakarSa kI taratamatA ko dhyAna meM leveM to anaMta guNasthAna ho jAya kintu jijJAsu saralatA se AtmavikAsa kI bhUmikA ko jAna sake isaliye guNasthAna kI saMkhyA caudaha nirdhArita kI hai| guNasthAna ke nAma (1) mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna (2) sAsvAdana guNasthAna (3) samyak mithyAdRSTi (mizra) guNasthAna (4) avirata samyadRSTi guNasthAna (5) viratAvirata (dezaviratI) guNasthAna (6) pramatta guNasthAna (7) apramatta saMyata guNasthAna (8) nivRtti guNasthAna (9) anivRtti guNasthAna (10) sUkSma sAMparAya guNasthAna (11) upazAMta moha guNasthAna (12) kSINamoha guNasthAna 70 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ (13) sayogI kevalI guNasthAna (14) ayogI kevalI guNasthAna guNasthAnoM kI upayogitA yaha eka sanAtana niyama hai ki jo koI padArtha meM parivartana na hotA ho to unake viSaya meM kucha socanA hI vyartha hai| ataH cetana meM kucha parivartana hotA hai isase mAlUma hotA hai ki cetana anAdikAla se azuddha dazA meM rahA thA / kramazaH unameM vikAsa hone lagatA hai to vaha maMda yA tIvra gati se Upara ArohaNa karatA huA guNasthAnoM kI bhUmikA pAra kara zuddha-zuddha niraMjana nirAkAra zAzvata dhAma meM pUrNa vikAsa kI zreNI para pahuMcatA hai| ataH caudaha guNasthAnoM kI upayogitA cetana ke vikAsa nimitta atyanta Avazyaka hai| (3) samyagmithyAdRSTi guNasthAna (mizra) vicitra pariNAma kI dhArA meM bahatA cetana kabhI-kabhI na to zuddha padArtha kI zraddhA karatA hai evaM na azuddha padArtha ko chor3atA hai| ataH saMdigdha vicAradhArA meM Dabe hae saMsArI jIva ko jo bhUmikA prApta hotI hai usako samyag-mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna kahate haiN| isa bhUmikA para baiThe cetana ko mithyAtva kA viSa mUchita avazya karatA hai, kintu prathama guNasthAna kI apekSA yahA~ para unakA prabhAva kamajora mAnA gayA hai| prathama aura tIsare guNasthAna meM pharka itanA hI hai ki prathama meM cetana ekAMta mithyAvAdI rahatA hai, jabaki tIsare meM saMdigdha dazA meM rahane ke kAraNa satya kI ora jAnA evaM asatya kI ora se rukanA asaMbhava sA lagatA hai| anna ke svAda kA anajAna kI sundara anna se nirmita bhojana ke prati apekSA hotI hai vaise mizra pariNAma ke vazIbhUta hokara cetana zuddha padArtha keprati apekSA dhAraNa karatA hai| guNasthAna kA saMkSipta svarUpa (1) mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna vItarAga prarUpita vibhinna padArthoM ke svarUpa prati darzana-mohanIya ke prabhAva se viparyAsa mati dvArA zuddha ko azuddha, satya ko asatya, nirmala ko malina ke rUpa meM pratibhAsita karane vAlI avasthA mithyAtva kI mAnI jAtI hai vahI avasthA prathama guNasthAna kI mAnI gaI hai| jaba taka Atma-pradeza para se darzana mohanIya karma kA AvaraNa nahIM haTatA hai taba taka cetana zuddha padArtha prati ruci dhAraNa nahIM karatA hai| koI kahatA hai ki jahA~ kevala azuddha vAtAvaraNa evaM viparyAsa dazA hai unako guNasthAna kaise kahA jAya ? pratyuttara meM jJAnI puruSoM ne darzAyA ki yadyapi prathama guNasthAna meM dRSTi azuddha hotI hai phira bhI kucha jIvoM meM bhadra-pariNAma, sarala prakRti Adi guNa dikhAI detA hai ataH mithyAdRSTi kI bhUmikA bhI guNasthAna ke rUpa meM nirdhArita kI hai| (2) sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi guNasthAna ___anAdikAlIna saMsAra cakra meM paribhramaNa karatA cetana tathAvidha pariNAma ke dvArA Ayujita sAta karmoM kI sthiti ko ghaTAkara karIbana eka kor3I-kor3I sAgaropama jitanI sthiti rakhakara rAga dveSa kI nibiDa graMthI ke samIpa pahuMcatA hai| jo zithila 'puruSArthI hotA hai vaha rAga dveSa kI graMthI kI dhanatA dekhakara vApasa lauTa jAtA hai, jabaki jo prabala puruSArthI hotA hai vaha rAga dveSa kI graMthI ko tor3akara samyagdarzana ke nirmala pariNAma ko prApta karatA hai| vahI pariNAma kI dhArA bar3hAtA huvA mukti ke maMgala maMdira meM agrasara hone ke bAvajUda samyagdarzana kI nirmala dhArA se paristhitivaza cyuta hotA hai, taba samyagdarzana kA svAda evaM mithyAtva kA mizraNa jisa bhUmikA para hotA hai unako sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi guNasthAna kahate haiN| kSIra kA bhojana karane para bamana hotA hai taba kucha aMza kSIra kA svAda prApta hotA hai vaisA isa guNasthAna meM cetana ko samyagdarzana kA svAda prApta hotA hai| (4) avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna jIvAjIvAdi nava tatvoM kI zuddha zraddhA kI jyoti aMta:karaNa meM prajvalita karake cetana anAdikAlIna mithyAtva ke gahare aMdherA ko dUra karane ke pazcAt zuddha padArtha kI saccI ruci prApta kare usa bhUmi kA nAma avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna hai| yadyapi isa bhUmikA para pahuMcane ke bAvajUda cAritra mohanIya kA udaya rahatA hai| ataH anitya saMsAra ke anitya padArthoM se virakti nahIM prApta hotI hai kintu anitya padArtha ke rAga kI malInatA aMtara se dhula jAtI hai evaM mokSa mArga kI sAdhanA meM sanniSTha vaphAdAra ummIdavAra banakara mukti rUpI mAninI kA priyatama hone kA saubhAgya avazya prApta karatA hai| jar3a padArthoM kI Asakti rUpa AvaraNa meM DhaMkA cetana kI pahicAna zuddha darzana se hotI hai| ataH yaha caturtha guNasthAna mokSa mArga meM sImA staMbha ke rUpa meM zobhatA hai| yaha guNasthAna kI prApti kI pahicAna zama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA, Astikya rUpa pA~ca lakSaNoM se hotI hai / (5) viratAvirata ( dezavirati) guNasthAna nirmala-darzana kI prApti ke pazcAt cetana ko zuddha cAritra guNa kI prApti atyanta Avazyaka hai| kintu cAritra mohanIya karma ke prabhAva se cetana virati rUpa cAritra ko prApta nahIM karatA hai, phira bhI darzana prApti ke bAda kucha aMza meM cAritra mohanIya karma ke kSayopazama se vrata niyama prApta karatA hai, unako dezavirati kahate haiN| vaha deza virati jIvana kI bhUmikA ko viratAvirata guNasthAna ke rUpa meM saMbodhita karate haiN| (6) pramattasaMyata guNasthAna isa bhUmikA para samyagdRSTi AtmA kA Agamana hone ke bAda hiMsA, asatya, caurya, maithuna, parigraha rUpa pA~ca pApoM kA zuddha manavacanakAyA se trividha navakoTi ke tyAga ke kAraNa cAritra vI.ni.saM.2503 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kabhI chipa jAtI hai kabhI khulatI hai| vaise hI karmoM ke AvaraNa se ghire cetana kI jJAna prabhA prakAzita hotI hai, kabhI tirohita hotI hai / isa bhUmikA ke pariNAma kI vicitratA ke kAraNa kabhI-kabhI moha-mukti ke nikaTa pahuMcane ke bAvajUda nIce giranA par3atA hai| yahA~ se chaThe-sAtaveM, pAMcaveM-cauthe yA pahale guNasthAna para cetana pahu~ca jAtA hai| (12) kSINamoha guNasthAna vikAsakrama ke gyAraha sopAna kA ArohI cetana karma saMgrAma meM jUjhatA yahAM Akara moha karma kA kSaya rUpa vinAza karake vijaya zrI kI puSpamAlA pahanane yogya bana jAtA hai / eka hI moha-karbha kA kSaya ho jAne se anya ghAtIkarma zIghratA se apanA DerA-tambU cetana ke AtmapradezoM se uThAne laga jAte haiN| yaha guNasthAna kI mahimA hI anokhI hai| isakA nAma kSINamoha guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| guNa kA vikAsa ho jAne se virati (saMyama) AtmA avazya hai| sAtha meM kucha aMza meM pramAda raha jAtA hai| ata: pramatta saMyata guNa sthAna ke nAma se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| (7) apramatta saMyata guNasthAna jaba Atma-pariNati kI tIvra jAgRti dvArA saMyama ke pAlana meM apramattabhAva se lagana lagatI hai, dharmadhyAnAdi ke AlaMbana meM prayatnazIla banane kI tIvra jhaMkhanA paidA hotI hai, taba apramatta saMyata guNasthAna mAnA gayA hai| Atma-jAgRti kI mAtrA meM vRddhi sAtaveM guNasthAna para evaM kucha mahattA chaThe guNasthAna meM mAnI gaI hai, varSoM ke cAritra pAlana meM kabhI-kabhI apramattabhAva A jAtA hai| (8) nivRtti guNasthAna saMsAra ke cakra meM phaMse cetana ko kabhI jo pariNAma kI prApti na huI ho, vaha pariNAma, apUrva Atma pariNAma isa guNasthAna meM hotI hai| koI yahA~ se vikAsagAmI cetana mohanIya karma kI malinatA ko dabAkara nauveM-dazaveM guNasthAna meM hokara gyArahaveM meM pahuMcatA hai kintu vahA~ dabI huI moha karma kI prakRti prabhAvazIla hokara cetana ko nIce girAtI hai evaM unakA vikAsa avaruddha ho jAtA hai / sAdhanA kI do zreNI mAnI gaI hai eka upazrama zreNI, dUsarI kSapaka shrennii| upazrama zreNI kA sAdhaka Upara pahu~cakara bhI vApasa nIce giratA hai, kSapaka zreNI kA sAdhakaH sthira kadama se vikAsa ke Age hI bar3hatA hai| ata: AThavAM guNasthAna do rAste ke rUpa meM nirdhArita hai| (e) anivRtti guNasthAna ___ AThaveM guNasthAna kI sAdhanA kA kArya cetana yahAM Akara Age bar3hAtA hai| yahAM Ane ke bAda moha karma kA zamana karatA hai yA kSaya karatA hai| moha karma ke abhAva meM yA dabAva meM Ane ke pazcAt kAmavAsanA kA bhI laya hotA hai| cUMki sUkSma yA supta kAmavAsanA kabhI-kabhI sAdhaka ko apanI sAdhanA se nIce girA detI hai ataH yahA~ para sUkSma kAmavAsanA kA nAza ho jAne se sAdhaka kA rAstA sarala ho jAtA hai| (10) sUkSmasAMparAya guNasthAna pariNAma kI ucca dhArA ke kAraNa aMtaHkaraNa se sthUla kaSAyoM kI mAtrA meM kamI AtI hai, sAtha meM sUkSma kaSAya bhI yahA~ Ane ke bAda naSTa hone kI sthiti para pahuMcatA hai / dazaveM guNasthAna para krodha, mAna, mAyA ke nAza ke alAvA sUkSma lobha bhI daba jAtA hai yA kSaya pAtA hai, ataH sUkSmasAparAya guNasthAna mAnA gayA hai| (11) upazAMta moha guNasthAna __karma-pAza ke baMdhanoM ko kATatA cetana svataMtra svarUpa abhivyakti ko pAkara kama se kama eka samaya evaM adhika se adhika aMtarmuhurta taka yaha guNasthAna kI manohara bhUmikA para paramocca vItarAga dazA kA anubhava karatA hai| bAdaloM se DhaMke sUrya kI prabhA (13) sayogI kevalI guNasthAna bArahaveM guNasthAna ke aMtima samaya para pahu~ca kara moha, jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, aMtarAya, ina cAra karmoM ko kSaya kara terahaveM guNasthAna meM Ate hI cetana jJAna, darzana, cAritra, vIrya rUpa cAra Atma-guNoM kI prabhA kA vistAra bar3hAne lagatA hai| sarvajJa evaM sarvadarzI banakara zeSa aghAtI karmoM ke vipAka kA anubhava sahaja bhAva se karatA hai| terahaveM sopAna ke ArohaNa pazcAta mukti ke kinAre lagane meM aba koI AMdhI tUphAna Ane vAlA nahIM hai| nirAbAdha rUpa se mukti kI maMjila meM pahu~canA yahA~ se hI hotA hai| (14) ayogI kevalI guNasthAna sayogI kevalI apanI Aya ke aMtima kSaNoM meM mana, vacana evaM kAya yoga kA nirodha karake ayogI avasthA meM praveza karatA hai| yogarodhana kI prakriyA se AtmapradezoM meM, zailesIkaraNa dvArA apUrva sthiratA paidA hotI hai yahI niSkaMpa dazA meM pAMca hRsvAkSara ke uccAraNa kI alpa samayAvadhi meM cetana mukti ke maMgala maMdira meM birAjamAna hotA hai| vikAsa kI carama sImA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke caudaha sopAna ke ArohaNa pazcAt zaddha-baddha niraMjana-nirAkAra, cidAnanda svarUpa cetana ke vikAsa kI yahI carama sImA hai| isase bar3hakara vikAsa kI avasthA saMsAra meM kahIM nahIM hai| avanati kA carama bindu mithyAtva evaM unnati kA carama bindu mokSa hai / donoM binduoM ke bIca sAdhanA kA dIrgha mArga banA huA hai| jAgRti, vikAsa meM sahAyaka hotI hai, pramAda vinAza meM sahAyaka hotA hai| jAgRti evaM pramAda ke janaka dhyAna ko mAnA gayA hai| zubha dhyAna jAgRti kA janaka hai, azubha dhyAna pramAda kA janaka hai| dhyAna evaM guNasthAna donoM meM kSIra-nIra jaisI maitrI hai| cAra dhyAna meM se prathama do Arta, raudra eka se tIna guNasthAna para, cauthe-pA~caveM 72 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational