Adhunik yug me Jain Patrakarita evam uska Yogdan

Author(s): Prakash Manav
Publisher: Z_Ashtdashi_012049.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210241/1

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prakAza mAnava hai, suvidhA sadA bacAtA AyA, maiM balipatha kA aMgArA hUM, jIvana jvAlA jalAtA aayaa| patrakAritA ko lokataMtra kA mukhara praharI banAne meM ahiMsA, satya evaM samAnatA ko lekara eka vicAradhArA prasphuTita huI, isa vicAradhArA ko jaina siddhAMtoM ke anugAmI vibhinna sAdhu bhagavaMtoM evaM jaina zrAvakoM ne pallavita kiyA aura yahI vicAra dhArA Age calakara jaina patrakAritA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta huii| jaina dharma kI ahiMsA ke AdhAra para patrakAritA ke siddhAMtoM ko janasAmAnya ke sAmane lAne kA prayAsa samaya-samaya para vibhinna vidvAnoM ne kiyA isameM muni kAMtisAgara se lekara agaracaMda nAhaTA evaM bAbU lAbhacaMda chajalAnI se lekara rAjendra mAthura taka ke vidvAna patrakAroM kA avismaraNIya yogadAna hai| jaina dharma prANI mAtra ke kalyANa kI kAmanA karatA hai| jaina patrakAritA kA yahI uddezya hai ki jahAM taka ho sake patrakAritA ke mAdhyama se ahiMsA ke vicAroM ko pratipAdita karanA tAki kama se kama hiMsA ho| 'sarve bhavantu sukhina: sarve santu nirAmayaH' kI sundara bhAvanA isa siddhAMta meM prakaTa hotI hai| kaTutA kA kalaha saMsAra meM viSamatA kA vAtAvaraNa gholatA hai isako hiMsA se nahIM miTAyA jA sktaa| ahiMsA ke dvArA hI eka mAtra zAMti sthApita kI jA sakatI hai aura yahI ahiMsA prANI-mAtra para dayA kI evaM usakA yogadAna bhAvanA se abhibhUta ho use nirbharatA kA pATha par3hAtI hai| bhArata meM 29janavarI 1780 ko hikkI gajaTa evaM da mahAtmA gAMdhI ne jIvadayA kI bhAvanA ko jaina dharma ke ghere baMgAla esiyATika gajaTa ke prakAzana ke sAtha hI patrakAritA yaga se nikAlakara prANImAtra ke dharma se jor3a diyaa| satyAgraha meM kA sUtrapAta haaaa| 1785 meM madrAsa koriyara, 1795 meM hamezA unhoMne jIvadayA para jora diyaa| yahI kAraNa thA ki hajAroM madrAsa gajaTa evaM 1818 meM baMgAla gajaTa prAraMbha haa| 30maI krAMtikArI AMdolana hone ke bAda bhI deza ko AjAdI nahIM mila 1826 ko udanta mArtaNDa akhabAra ne patrakAritA ke kSetra meM sakI, vahIM satyAgraha ke prayoga se AjAdI kA patha prazasta huaa| vizeSa sthAna taya kiyaa| 1838 meM TAImsa oNpha iNDiyA ke jaina patrakAritA zAkAhAra kI bhAvanA ko bhI udghoSita pazcAt patrakAritA ke kSetra meM eka lambI zrRMkhalA sthApita huI karatI hai| vibhinna vaijJAnika siddhAMtoM se hajAroM varSa pUrva jaina aura isI zrRMkhalA ne deza kI AjAdI meM apanA mahatvapUrNa tIrthaMkaroM ne zAkAhAra kI mahimA jaina graMthoM meM likhii|| yogadAna diyA tabhI to akabara ilAhAbAdI ne kahA thA 'khiMco jaina patrakAritA meM zAkAhAra kI bhAvanA ko vizeSa bala diyA na kamAno ko, na talavAra nikAlo jaba topa mukAbila ho to hai| jaina vizvabhAratI vizva vidyAlaya lADanU evaM kolakAtA akhabAra nikAlo, arthAta baMdUka kI goliyoM se do cAra AdamI vizvavidyAlaya meM jaina darzana para AdhArita patrakAritA meM kahA hai ki marate haiM kiMtu akhabAra kI eka khabara se hajAroM lAkhoM kI zAkAhAra kA sambaMdha vyakti ke vicAra se jur3A hai| patrakAritA meM bhAvanAeM Ahata hotI haiN| patrakAritA ke kSetra meM jyoM-jyoM bAr3ha zucitA ko banAe rakhane ke lie zAkAhAra atyaMta Avazyaka hai| AtI gaI tyoM-tyoM patrakAritA lokataMtra ke sajaga praharI ke rUpa arthAta 'jaisA khAve anna vaisA hove mana' kI bhAvanA kA meM makhara hotI gyii| deza ke abhyutthAna ke lie nirdhanatA, prabhAva patrakAritA meM avazya paDatA hai| zAkAhAra vyakti ko bhUkhamarI aura viSamatA se saMgharSa karanA hI patrakAritA kA dharma, Atmika-zAMti ke sAtha sAtvika vicAra pradAna karatA hai vahIM karma aura marma hai| samAcAra patra saMsAra kI bar3I tAkata hai, una sAtha hI patrakAra zAkAhAra ke mAdhyama se vizvazAMti meM apanA para sabase bar3I jimmedArI lokataMtra ke nirvahana kI hai, isI anaThA yogadAna detA hai| .. kAraNa ise prajAtaMtra ke cauthe staMbha ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai| Aja kI patrakAritA glemara evaM caTapaTI khabaroM se bharI patrakAritA ke saMdarbha meM kahA jAtA hai ki sUlI kA patha hI sIkhA hA sAkhA rahatI hai| adhikAMza akhabAra hiMsAtmaka samAcAroM ko pramukhatA , 0 aSTadazI / 1420

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dete haiM, vahIM jaina patrakAritA hiMsA ko nakAratI hai, ahiMsA ke 'sA vidyA yA vimuktaye' vidyA vahI hai jo mukti pradAna kara siddhAMtoM ko bar3hAvA detI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki akhabAra meM chape sake arthAta vidyA se hI avidyA kA nAza hotA hai| vaidika hue vicAra jana-jana ke vicAra hote haiM ata: patrakAritA meM ahiMsA RSiyoM ne 'tamaso mA jyotirgamaya' kA udghoSa kara darzAyA ki se otaprota vicAroM ko hI sthAna milanA cAhie tAki samAja kA zikSA hI manuSya ko jIvana ke ajJAnarUpI aMdhakAra se bAhara vAtAvaraNa samarasatA se yukta hokara janakalyANakArI bne| nikAla sakatI hai| zikSA kI prAsaMgikatA bhUta-bhaviSya aura badalate hue paridRzya meM patrakAritA ne eka vyAvasAyika vartamAna meM barAbara banI rahatI hai| jaina patrakAritA ne zikSA kI sthAna le liyaa| Aja patrakAritA eka mizana na hokara vyavasAya prabala vidhA ko apane meM sammilita kara jJAna kA eka abhinava bana gyaa| aise meM patrakAra evaM sampAdaka ke mana meM bhI parigraha adhyAya jor3A isase jahA jaina patrakAritA ko cAra cAMda lage vahIM kI vRtti paidA huii| jabaki patrakAritA meM aparigraha ko vizeSa zikSA ke mAdhyama se jaina patrakAritA eka krAMtikArI kadama uThA mahatva milanA caahie| patrakAra evaM sAdhu samAna hote haiN| jaina skii| patrakAritA aparigraha kI bhAvanA para vizeSa bala detI hai tAki jaina patrakAritA meM caritra ko sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA hai| samAja kA darpaNa usase prabhAvita na ho| parigraha kI vizeSatA hotI eka caritravAna vyakti hI rASTra kA nirmANa kara sakatA hai| samAja hai ki usase moha utpanna hotA hai evaM jahAM se patrakAroM ko kucha ko AdhAra pradAna kara sakatA hai| vartamAna meM cAritrika patana ke prApta huA ve usakA vizeSa dhyAna karane lagate haiM aise meM niSpakSa daura meM caritra bala ke dvArA samAja kA puna:-puna: uddhAra jaina patrakAritA saMbhava nahIM hai| aparigrahavRtti hI niSpakSa patrakAritA patrakAritA ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava dikhAI detA hai| kA dAyitva nirvahana kara sakatI hai| dhana gayA kucha nahIM gayA, svAsthya gayA thor3A gayA, caritra AjAdI ke pUrva ke akhabAroM ke sampAdaka evaM patrakAra gayA saba kucha gayA, vAlI Askara vAilDa kI ukta sUkti aparigrahI hokara apane kartavya ke prati pUrNa rUpa se samarpita the, sArthaka siddha hotI hai| caritra samAja kA merudaNDa hai isakA sudRr3ha unheM aMgreja zAsakoM kA pralobhana nahIM DigA skaa| aparigraha hI honA atyanta Avazyaka hai| jaina patrakAritA meM vibhinna manISiyoM Aja ke yuga kI prathama AvazyakatA hai| jaina patrakAritA ne jaina ne isakA samAveza kara jaina patrakAritA ko eka Adarza rUpa siddhAMtoM ke mahatvapUrNa sUtra aparigraha ko apanAkara eka vizeSa diyaa| AyAma taya kie jisake AdhAra para AgAmI pIr3hiyAM eka svastha saphalatA vahIM milatI hai jahAM sakArAtmaka soca ho| patrakAritA ko bar3hAvA de skegii| nakArAtmaka soca vAle vyakti prAya: jIvana meM asaphala hote haiN| jaina patrakAritA meM 'jiyo aura jIne do' kI saMskRti ko jaina patrakAritA ne hamezA sakArAtmaka soca ko bar3hAvA diyA vizeSa mahatva diyA gayA hai| Aja ke yuga meM viSamatA kA isameM nakArAtmaka vicAroM ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai| nirAza vAtAvaraNa tejI se bar3hatA jA rahA hai| paraspara IrSyA se pUrI duniyA evaM hatAza vyakti jIvana meM rone ke atirikta aura koI kArya trasta hai| par3osI-par3osI ko sukhI nahIM dekhanA cAhatA, pAzcAtya nahIM kara skte| sabhyatA ke vazIbhUta hokara TI.vI. saMskRti ne mAnava mAtra ko pAzcAtya kavi zelI kI ukta paMktiyAM isa siddhAMta para bahuta dUra kara diyA hai| Aja hara vyakti cAhatA hai ki 'ghara kA sArthaka siddha hotI hai- Aja patajhar3a hai to kala basaMta jarUra TI.vI. cale par3osI kI jAna jale' / ukta bhAvanA sampUrNa vizva aaegaa| sakArAtmaka soca AzAvAda para TikI huI hai| zreSThi ko napharata kI Aga meM dhakela degii| aisI sthiti meM jiyo aura kavi jayazaMkara prasAda ne ThIka hI kahA thA AzA para hI AkAza jIne do kI saMskRti hI mAnavamAtra kA kalyANa kara sakatI hai| TikA hai, arthAt AzAvAda jaina patrakAritA kA mahatvapUrNa sUtra hai jisameM hama sampUrNa vizva ke maMgala kI kAmanA kareM, hamArA aura isI AzAvAda se hI sakArAtmaka soca kA vikAsa hotA vikAsa usake sAtha hI sabhI prANiyoM kA bhI vikAsa ho| ukta hai| yahI sakArAtmaka ciMtana manuSya ko manuSya se jor3ate hue vizva bhAvanA hI jaina patrakAritA ko patrakAritA ke anya vidhAoM se kalyANa kI kAmanA karatA hai| pRthaka kara eka viziSTa sthAna para pahuMcAtI hai| pradhAna sampAdaka, naI vidhA, nImaca jaina patrakAritA meM zikSA ko vizeSa mahatva diyA hai| zikSA ke mAdhyama se vyakti svayaM kI evaM samAja kI unnati kara sakatA hai| samAja kI unnati se hI rASTra kA kalyANa saMbhava hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina patrakAritA meM jaina gurUkuloM, zikSA saMsthAnoM kI sthApanA para jora diyA gyaa| 0 aSTadazI / 1430