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________________ catIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - hoNAyAra agIyattha vayaNapasaMgaM khu No bhaddo / / - vahI, zrAvaka-dharmAdhikAra, 2,3 48. vahI, 2/77-78 49. bAlA vaMyati evaM veso titthakarANa esovi / namaNijjo dhiddhi aho sirasUlaM kassa pukkarimoM / / - vahI, 2/76 50. varaM vAhI varaM maccU varaM dAriddasaMgamo / varaM araNNevAso ya mA kulIlANa saMgamo / / hINAyAro vi varaM mA kusIlaeNa saMgamo bhadaM / jamhA hINo appa nAsai savvaM hu sIla nihiM / / - vahI, 2/101-102 51. vistAra ke lie dekheM sambodhaprakaraNa gurusvarUpAdhikAra / isameM 375 gAthAoM meM suguru kA svarUpa varNita hai / 52. no appaNa parAyA guruNo kaiyA vi hu~ti savANaM / jiNa vayaNa rayaNanihiNo savve te vaniyA guruNo / / -vahI, gurusvarUpAdhikara: 3 53. lokatattvanirNaya, 32-33 54. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 129 / 55. jinalakoza, haridAmodara velaMkara, bhaMDArakara ArieNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa ,pUnA 1944, pR0 144 AcArya hemacandra : eka yugapuruSa AcArya hemacandra bhAratIya manISArUpI AkAza ke eka meM dhArmika samanvayazIlatA ke bIja adhika vikasita ho ske| dUsare dedIpyamAna nakSatra haiN| vidyopAsaka zvetAmbara jaina AcAryoM meM bahuvidha aura zabdoM meM dharmasamanvaya kI jIvanadRSTi to unheM apane pArivArika pariveza vipula sAhityasraSTA ke rUpa meM AcArya haribhadra ke bAda yadi koI mahattvapUrNa se hI milI thii| nAma hai to vaha AcArya hemacandra kA hI hai| jisa prakAra AcArya haribhadra AcArya devacandra jo ki AcArya hemacandra ke dIkSAguru the, svayaM ne vividha bhASAoM meM jaina-vidyA kI vividha vidyAoM para vipula sAhitya bhI prabhAvazAlI AcArya the| unhoMne bAlaka caMgadeva (hemacandra ke janma kA kA sRjana kiyA thA, usI prakAra AcArya hemacandra ne vividha vidyAoM para nAma) kI pratibhA ko samajha liyA thA, isaliye unhoMne unakI mAtA se vipula sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA hai| AcArya hemacandra gujarAta kI vidvat- unheM bAlyakAla meM hI prApta kara liyaa| AcArya hemacandra ko unakI alpa paramparA ke pratibhAzAlI aura prabhAvazAlI jaina AcArya haiN| unake sAhitya bAlyAvasthA meM hI guru dvArA dIkSA pradAna kara dI gaI aura vidhivat rUpa meM jo bahuvidhatA hai vaha unake vyaktitva evaM unake jJAna kI bahuvidhatA se unheM dharma, darzana aura sAhitya kA adhyayana karavAyA gyaa| vastutaH kI paricAyikA hai| kAvya, chanda, vyAkaraNa, koza, kathA, darzana, hemacandra kI pratibhA aura devacandra ke prayatna ne bAlaka ke vyaktitva ko adhyAtma aura yoga-sAdhanA Adi sabhI pakSoM ko AcArya hemacandra ne apanI eka mahanIyatA pradAna kii| hemacandra kA vyaktitva bhI unake sAhitya kI sRjanadharmitA meM sameTa liyA hai| dharmasApekSa aura dharmanirapekSa donoM hI prakAra bhA~ti bahu-AyAmI thaa| ve kuzala rAjanItijJa, mahAn dharmaprabhAvaka, lokake sAhitya ke sRjana meM unake vyaktitva kI samAnatA kA anya koI nahIM kalyANakartA evaM apratima vidvAn sabhI kucha the| unake mahAn vyaktitva milatA hai| jisa mor3havaNika jAti ne samprati yuga meM gA~dhI jaise mahAn ke sabhI pakSoM ko ujAgara kara pAnA to yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai, phira bhI maiM vyakti ko janma diyA usI mor3havaNika jAti ne AcArya hemacandra ko bhI kucha mahattvapUrNa pakSoM para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna avazya kruuNgaa| janma diyA thaa| hemacandra kI dhArmika sahiSNutA AcArya hemacandra kA janma gujarAta ke dhandhukA nagara meM zreSThi yaha satya hai ki AcArya hemacandra kI jainadharma ke prati ananya cAciga tathA mAtA pAhiNI kI kukSi se I0 san 1088 meM huA thaa| niSThA thI kintu sAtha hI ve anya dharmoM ke prati sahiSNu bhI the| unheM yaha jo sUcanAe~ upalabdha haiM unake AdhAra para yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki hemacandra guNa apane parivAra se hI virAsata meM milA thaa| jaisA ki sAmAnya vizvAsa ke pitA zaiva aura mAtA jainadharma kI anuyAyI thiiN| Aja bhI gujarAta hai, hemacandra kI mAtA jaina aura pitA zaiva the| eka hI parivAra meM vibhinna kI isa mor3havaNika jAti meM vaiSNava aura jaina donoM dharmoM ke anuyAyI dharmoM ke anuyAyiyoM kI upasthiti usa parivAra kI sahiSNuvRtti kI hI pAe jAte haiN| ata: hemacandra ke pitA cAciga ke zaivadharmAvalambI aura paricAyaka hotI hai| AcArya kI isa kulagata sahiSNuvRti ko jainadharma ke mAtA pAhiNI ke jainadharmAvalambI hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki anekAntavAda kI udAra dRSTi se aura adhika bala milaa| yadyapi yaha satya prAcIna kAla se hI bhAratavarSa meM aise aneka parivAra rahe haiM jinake sadasya hai ki anya jaina AcAryoM ke samAna hemacandra ne bhI anyayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA' bhinna-bhinna dharmoM ke anuyAyI hote the| sambhavata: pitA ke zaivadharmAvalambI nAmaka samIkSAtmaka grantha likhA aura usameM anya darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM aura mAtA ke jainadharmAvalambI hone ke kAraNa hI hemacandra ke jIvana kI samIkSA bhI kii| kintu isase yaha anumAna nahIM lagAnA cAhiye ki Sombuoridrioritamidrbadwaldwideshwordabdirditorib114]inbediritordiiudrapriconiudadiridwordrobridwidowder
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - hemacandra meM dhArmika udAratA nahIM thI / vastutaH hemacandra jisa yuga meM hue ye, vaha yuga dArzanika vAda-vivAda kA yuga thaa| ataH hemacandra kI yaha vivazatA thI ki ve apanI paramparA kI rakSA ke liye anya darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM kA tArkika samIkSA kara parapakSa kA khaNDana aura svapakSa kA maNDana kreN| kintu yadi hemacandra kI 'mahAdevastotra' Adi racanAoM evaM unake vyAvahArika jIvana ko dekheM to hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki unake jIvana meM aura vyavahAra meM dhArmika udAratA vidyamAna thI / kumArapAla ke pUrva ve jayasiMha siddharAja ke samparka meM the kintu unake jIvanavRtta se hameM aisA koI saMketa-sUtra nahIM milatA ki unhoMne kabhI bhI siddharAja ko jainadharma kA anuyAyI banAne kA prayatna kiyA ho| mAtra yahI nahIM, jayasiMha siddharAja ke darabAra meM rahate hue bhI unhoMne kabhI kisI anya paramparA ke vidvAn kI upekSA yA avamAnanA kI ho, aisA bhI koI ullekha nahIM milatA / 2 yadyapi kathAnakoM meM jayasiMha siddharAja ke darabAra meM unake digambara jaina AcArya ke sAtha hue vAda-vivAda kA ullekha avazya hai| parantu usameM bhI mukhya vAdI ke rUpa meM hemacandra na hokara bRhadgacchIya vAdidevasUri hI the| yaha bhI satya hai ki hemacandra se prabhAvita hokara kumArapAla ne jainadharmAnuyAyI banakara jainadharma kI praryApta prabhAvanA ko kintu kumArapAla ke dharma parivartana yA unako jaina banAne meM hemacandra kA kitanA hAtha thA, yaha vicAraNIya hai| vastuta: hemacandra ke dvArA na kevala kumArapAla kI jIva rakSA huI thI apitu use rAjya bhI milA thaa| yaha to AcArya ke prati usakI atyadhika niSThA hI thI jisane use jainadharma kI ora AkarSita kiyaa| yaha bhI satya hai ki hemacandra ne usake mAdhyama se ahiMsA aura naitika mUlyoM kA prasAra karavAyA aura jainadharma kI prabhAvanA bhI karavAIM kintu kabhI bhI unhoMne rAjA meM dhArmika kaTTaratA kA bIja nahIM boyA kumArapAla sampUrNa jIvana meM zaivoM ke prati bhI utanA hI udAra rahA, jitanA vaha jainoM ke prati thaa| yadi hemacandra cAhate to use zaivadharma se pUrNataH vimukha kara sakate the, para unhoMne kabhI aisA nahIM kiyA balki use sadaiva hI zaivadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke sAtha udAra dRSTikoNa rakhane kA Adeza diyaa| yadi hemacandra meM dhArmika saMkIrNatA hotI to ve kumArapAla dvArA somanAtha mandira kA jIrNoddhAra karA kara usakI pratiSThA meM svayaM bhAga kyoM lete? athavA svayaM mahAdevastotra kI racanA kara rAjA ke sAtha svayaM bhI mahAdeva kI stuti kaise kara sakate the? unake dvArA racita mahAdevastotra isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki ve dhArmika udAratA ke samarthaka the| stotra meM unhoMne ziva, mahezvara mahAdeva Adi zabdoM kI sundara aura sampradAya-nirapekSa vyAkhyA karate hue anta meM yahI kahA hai ki saMsAra rUpI bIja ke aMkuroM ko utpanna karane vAle rAga aura dveSa jisake samApta ho gae hoM unheM maiM namaskAra karatA hU~, cAhe ve brahmA hoM, viSNu hoM, mahAdeva hoM athavA jina hoN| 3 / andhavizvAsoM kA poSaNa na ho| isa sandarbha meM ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiN| ki jisa dharma meM deva yA upAsya rAgadveSa se yukta hoM, dharmaguru abrahmacArI hoM aura dharma meM karuNA va dayA ke bhAvoM kA abhAva ho, aisA dharma vastutaH adharma hI hai| upAsya ke sambandha meM hemacandra ko nAmoM kA koI Agraha nahIM, cAhe vaha brahmA ho, viSNu ho, ziva ho yA jina, kintu upAsya hone ke liye ve eka zarta avazya rakha dete haiM, vaha yaha ki use rAga-dveSa se muktaM honA caahiye| ve svayaM kahate haiM kibhavabIjAMkurajananarAgadyAkSayamupAgatAsya / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro vA jino vA namastasmai / / ' isI prakAra gurU ke sandarbha meM bhI unakA kahanA hai ki use brahmacArI yA caritravAna honA caahiye| ve likhate haiM ki sarvAbhilASiNaH sarva bho jinaH saparigrahaH / abrahmacAriNo mithyopadezAH guravo na tu / / 5 arthAt jo AkAMkSA se yukta ho, bhojyAbhojya ke viveka se rahita ho, parigraha sahita aura abrahmacArI tathA mithyA upadeza dene vAlA ho, vaha guru nahIM ho sktaa| ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki jo hiMsA aura parigraha meM AkaNTha DUbA ho, vaha dUsaroM ko kaise tAra sakatA hai jo svayaM dIna ho yaha dUsaroM ko dhanADhya kaise banA sakatA hai| arthAt caritravAna niSparigrahI aura brahmacArI vyakti hI guru yogya ho sakatA hai| dharma ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM bhI hemacandra kA dRSTikoNa spaSTa hai| ve spaSTa rUpa se yaha mAnate haiM ki jisa sAdhanAmArga meM dayA evaM karuNA kA abhAva ho, jo viSayAkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ko hI jIvana kA lakSya mAnatA ho, jisameM saMyama kA abhAva ho, vaha dharma nahIM ho sktaa| hiMsAdi se kaluSita dharma, dharma na hokara saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hI hotA hai / 7 dhArmika sahiSNutA kA artha mithyA vizvAsoM kA poSaNa nahIM yadyapi hemacandra dhArmika sahiSNutA ke samarthaka hai, phira bhI ve isa sandarbha meM satarka haiM ki dharma ke nAma para midhyAdhAraNAoM aura isa prakAra hemacandra dhArmika sahiSNutA ko svIkAra karate hue bhI itanA avazya mAnate haiM ki dharma ke nAma para adharma kA poSaNa nahIM honA caahiye| unakI dRSTi meM dharma kA artha koI viziSTa karmakANDa na hokara karuNA aura lokamaMgala se yukta sadAcAra kA sAmAnya Adarza hI hai| ve spaSTata: kahate haiM ki saMyama, zIla, aura dayA se rahita dharma manuSya ke bauddhika divAliyepana kA hI sUcaka hai| ve Atma-pIr3A ke sAtha udghoSa karate haiM ki yaha bar3e kheda kI bAta hai ki jisake mUla meM kSamA, zIla aura dayA hai, aise kalyANakArI dharma ko chor3akara mandabuddhi loga hiMsA ko bhI dharma mAnate haiN|" isa prakAra hemacandra dhArmika udAratA ke kaTTara samarthaka hote hue bhI dharma ke nAma para AyI huI vikRtiyoM aura caritrahInatA kI samIkSA karate haiN| sarvadharmasamabhAva kyoM? hemacandra kI dRSTi meM sarvadharmasamabhAva kI AvazyakatA kyoM hai, isakA nirdeza paM0 becaradAsajI ne apane 'hemacandrAcArya' nAmaka grantha meM kiyA hai| jayasiMha siddharAja kI sabhA meM hemacandra ne sarvadharmasamabhAva ke viSaya meM jo vicAra prastuta kiye the, ve paM0 mtt[114]male kI Gripisy
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma becaradAsajI ke zabdoM meM nimnalikhita haiM gujarAta aura usake sImAvartI pradeza meM eka vizeSa vAtAvaraNa nirmita kara "hemacandra kahate haiM ki prajA meM yadi vyApaka deza-prema aura diyaa| usa samaya ke gujarAta kI sthiti kA kucha citraNa hameM hemacandra zUravIratA ho kintu yadi dhArmika udAratA na ho to deza kI janatA khatare ke mahAvIracarita meM milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki "rAjA ke hiMsA meM hI hogI, yaha nizcita hI samajhanA caahiye| dhArmika udAratA ke abhAva aura zikAraniSedha kA prabhAva yahA~ taka huA ki asaMskArI kuloM meM janma meM prema saMkucita ho jAtA hai aura zUravIratA eka unmattatA kA rUpa le lene vAle vyaktiyoM ne bhI khaTamala aura jUM jaise sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA letI hai| aise unmatta loga khUna kI nadiyoM ko bahAne meM bhI nahIM cUkate banda kara dii| zikAra banda ho jAne se jIva-jantu jaMgaloM meM usI nirbhayatA aura deza ujAr3a ho jAtA hai| somanAtha ke pavitra devAlaya kA naSTa honA se ghUmane lage, jaise gauzAlA meM gaayeN| rAjya meM madirApAna isa prakAra banda isakA jvalanta pramANa hai| dakSiNa meM dharma ke nAma para jo saMgharSa huA unameM ho gayA ki kumbhAroM ko madyabhANDa banAnA bhI banda karanA pdd'aa| madyapAna hajAroM logoM kI jAneM gyiiN| yaha havA aba gujarAta kI ora bahane lagI ke kAraNa jo loga atyanta daridra ho gae the, ve isakA tyAga kara phira hai kintu hameM vicAranA cAhiye ki yadi gujarAta meM isa dharmAndhatA kA praveza se dhanI ho ge| sampUrNa rAjya meM dyUtakrIr3A kA nAmonizAna hI samApta ho gayA to hamArI janatA aura rAjya ko vinaSTa hone meM koI samaya nahIM ho gyaa|"1deg isa prakAra hemacandra ne apane prabhAva kA upayoga kara gujarAta lgegaa| Age ve punaH kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra gujarAta ke mahArAjya ke meM vyasanamukta saMskArI jIvana kI jo krAnti kI thI, usake tattva Aja vibhinna deza apanI vibhinna bhASAoM, vezabhUSAoM aura vyavasAyoM ko karate taka gujarAta ke janajIvana meM kisI sImA taka surakSita haiN| vastuta: yaha hue sabhI mahArAjA siddharAja kI AjJA ke vazIbhUta hokara kArya karate haiM, hemacandra ke vyaktitva kI mahAnatA hI thI jisake pariNAmasvarUpa eka usI prakAra cAhe hamAre dhArmika kriyAkalApa bhinna hoM phira bhI unameM viveka- sampUrNa rAjya meM saMskAra krAnti ho skii| dRSTi rakhakara sabhI ko eka paramAtmA kI AjJA ke anukUla rahanA caahiye| isI meM deza aura prajA kA kalyANa hai| yadi hama sahiSNuvRtti se na rahakara, striyoM aura vidhavAoM ke saMrakSaka hemacandra dharma ke nAma para yaha vivAda kareMge ki yaha dharma jhUThA hai aura yaha dharma yadyapi hemacandra ne apane 'yogazAstra' meM pUrvavartI jainAcAryoM ke saccA hai, yaha dharma nayA hai yaha dharma purAnA hai, to hama sabakA hI nAza samAna hI brahmacarya ke sAdhaka ko apanI sAdhanA meM sthira rakhane ke liye hogaa| Aja hama jisa dharma kA AcaraNa kara rahe haiM, vaha koI zuddha dharma nArI-nindA kI hai| ve kahate haiM ki striyoM meM svabhAva se hI caMcalatA, na hokara zuddha dharma ko prApta karane ke liye yogyatAbheda ke AdhAra para nirdayatA aura kuzIlatA ke doSa hote haiN| eka bAra samudra kI thAha pAyI banAe gae bhinna-bhinna sAmpradAyika baMdhAraNa mAtra haiN| hameM yaha dhyAna rahe jA sakatI hai kintu svabhAva se kuTila, duzcaritra kAminiyoM ke svabhAva ki zastroM ke AdhAra para lar3A gayA yuddha to kabhI samApta ho jAtA hai, kI thAha pAnA kaThina hai|11 kintu isake AdhAra para yaha mAna lenA ki parantu zAstroM ke AdhAra para hone vAle saMgharSa kabhI samApta nahI hote, ata: hemacandra strI-jAti ke mAtra Alocaka the; galata hogaa| hemacandra ne nArI dharma ke nAma para ahiMsA Adi pA~ca vratoM kA pAlana ho, santoM kA samAgama jAti kI pratiSThA aura kalyANa ke liye jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA usake ho, brAhmaNa, zramaNa aura mAtA-pitA kI sevA ho, yadi jIvana meM hama kAraNa ve yugoM taka yAda kiye jaayeNge| unhoMne kumArapAla ko upadeza dekara itanA hI pA sakeM to hamArI bahuta bar3I upalabdhi hogii|" vidhavA aura nissantAna stritayoM kI sampatti ko rAjyasAta kiye jAne kI hemacandra kI carcA meM dhArmika udAratA aura anudAratA ke svarUpa krUra-prathA ko sampUrNa rAjya meM sadaiva ke liye banda karavAyA aura isa mAdhyama aura unake pariNAmoM kA jo mahattvapUrNa ullekha hai vaha Aja bhI utanA se na kevala nArI-jAti ko sampatti kA adhikAra dilavAyA,12 apitu hI prAsaMgika hai jitanA ki kabhI hemacandra ke samaya meM rahA hogaa| unakI sAmAjika jIvana meM pratiSThA bhI kI aura anekAneka vidhavAoM ko saMkaTamaya jIvana se ubAra diyaa| ata: hama kaha sakate haiM ki hemacandra hemacandra aura gujarAta kI sadAcAra-krAnti ne nArI ko usakI khoI huI pratiSThA pradAna kii| hemacandra ne siddharAja aura kumArapAla ko apane prabhAva meM lekara gujarAta meM jo mahAn sadAcAra krAnti kI, vaha unake jIvana kI eka prajArakSaka hemacandra mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi hai aura jisase Aja taka bhI gujarAta kA janajIvana hemacandra kI dRSTi meM rAjA kA sabase mahattvapUrNa kartavya apanI prabhAvita hai| hemacandra ne apane prabhAva kA upayoga janasAdhAraNa ko ahiMsA prajA ke sukha-duHkha kA dhyAna rakhanA hai| hemacandra rAjaguru hokara aura sadAcAra kI ora prerita karane ke lie kiyaa| kumArapAla ko prabhAvita janasAdhAraNa ke nikaTa samparka meM the| eka samaya ve apane kisI ati kara unhoMne isa bAta kA vizeSa prayatna kiyA ki janasAdhAraNa meM se nirdhana bhakta ke yahA~ bhikSArtha gae aura vahA~ se sUkhI roTI aura moTA khuradurA hiMsakavRtti aura kusaMskAra samApta hoN| unhoMne zikAra aura pazu-bali ke kapar3A bhikSA meM prApta kiyaa| vahI moTI roTI khAkara aura moTA vastra dhAraNa niSedha ke sAtha-sAtha madyapAna-niSedha, dyUtakrIr3A-niSedha ke Adeza bhI rAjA kara ve rAjadarabAra meM phuNce| kumArapAla ne jaba unheM anyamanaska, moTA se pArita kraaye| AcArya ne na kevala isa sambandha meM rAjyAdeza nikalavAe, kapar3A pahane darabAra meM dekhA, to jijJAsA prakaTa kI, ki mujhase kyA koI apitu jana-jana ko rAjyAdezoM ke pAlana hetu prerita bhI kiyA aura sampUrNa galatI ho gaI hai? AcArya hemacandra ne kahA-"hama to muni haiM, hamAre liye
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - sAmAjika to sUkhI roTI aura moTA kapar3A hI ucita hai| kintu jisa rAjA ke rAjya karane vAlA aura apane balAbala kA vicAra kara kArya karane vAlA, 24. meM prajA ko itanA kaSTamaya jIvana bitAnA hotA hai, vaha rAjA apane prajA- vrata, niyama meM sthira, jJAnI evaM vRddha janoM kA pUjaka, 25. apane AzritoM dharma kA pAlaka to nahIM kahA jA sktaa| aisA rAjA narakesarI hone ke kA pAlana-poSaNa karane vAlA, 26. dIrghadarzI, 27. vizeSajJa, 28. sthAna para narakezvarI hI hotA hai| eka ora apAra svarNa-rAzi aura dUsarI kRtajJa, 29. lokapriya, 30. lajjAvAna, 31. dayAlu, 32. ora tana Dhakane kA kapar3A aura khAne ke liye sUkhI roTI kA abhAva, zAntasvabhAvI, 33. paropakAra karane meM tatpara, 34. kAmakrodhAdi antaraMga yaha rAjA ke liye ucita nahIM hai|" kahA jAtA hai ki hemacandra ke isa zatruoM para vijaya prApta karane vAlA aura 35. apanI indriyoM ko vaza upadeza se prabhAvita ho rAjA ne Adeza diyA ki nagara meM jo bhI atyanta meM rakhane vAlA vyakti hI gRhastha-dharma kA pAlana karane yogya hai|"14 garIba loga haiM, unako rAjya kI ora se vastra aura khAdya-sAmagrI pradAna vastutaH isa samagra carcA meM AcArya hemacandra ne eka yogya kI jaay|13 nAgarika ke sAre kartavyoM aura dAyitvoM kA saMketa kara diyA hai aura isa isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki hemacandra yadyapi svayaM eka muni prakAra eka aisI jIvanazailI kA nirdeza kiyA hai jisake AdhAra para kA jIvana jIte the kintu lokamaMgala aura lokalyANa ke liye tathA nirdhana sAmaMjasya aura zAntipUrNa samAja kA nirmANa kiyA jA sakatA hai| isase janatA ke kaSTa dUra karane ke liye ve sadA tatpara rahate the aura isake liye yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki AcArya hemacandra sAmAjika aura pArivArika rAjadarabAra meM bhI apane prabhAva kA prayoga karate the| jIvana kI upekSA karake nahIM calate, varan ve use utanA hI mahattva dete haiM jitanA Avazyaka hai aura ve yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki dhArmika hone ke liye samAjazAstrI hemacandra eka acchA nAgarika honA Avazyaka hai| svayaM muni hote hue bhI hemacandra pArivArika evaM sAmAjika jIvana kI suvyavasthA ke liye sajaga the| ve eka aise AcArya the jo hemacandra kI sAhitya-sAdhanA15 janasAdhAraNa ke sAmAjika jIvana ke utthAna ko bhI dharmAcArya kA hemacandra ne gujarAta ko aura bhAratIya saMskRti ko jo mahattvapUrNa Avazyaka kartavya mAnate the| unakI dRSTi meM dhArmika hone kI Avazyaka avadAna diyA hai, vaha mukhyarUpa se unakI sAhityika pratibhA ke kAraNa zarta yaha bhI thI ki vyakti eka sabhya samAja ke sadasya ke rUpa meM jInA hI hai| inhoMne apanI sAhityika pratibhA ke bala para hI vividha vidyAoM siikhe| eka acchA nAgarika honA dhArmika jIvana meM praveza karane kI meM grantha kI racanA kii| jahA~ eka ora unhoMne abhidhAna-cintAmaNi, Avazyaka bhUmikA hai| apane grantha 'yogazAstra' meM unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se anekArthasaMgraha, nighaMTukoSa aura dezInAmamAlA jaise zabdakoSoM kI racanA yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki zrAvakadharma kA anusaraNa karane ke pUrva vyakti kI, vahIM dUsarI ora siddhahema-zabdAnuzAsana, liGgAnuzAsana, dhAtupArAyaNa eka acche nAgarika kA jIvana jInA siikhe| unhoMne aise 35 guNoM kA jaise vyAkaraNa grantha bhI rce| koza aura vyAkaraNa granthoM ke atirikta nirdeza kiyA hai jinakA pAlana eka acche nAgarika ke liye Avazyaka hemacandra ne kAvyAnuzAsana jaise alaMkAra grantha aura chandAnuzAsana jaise rUpa se vAMchanIya hai| ve likhate haiM ki - "1. nyAyapUrvaka dhana-sampatti chandazAstra ke grantha kI racanA bhI kii| vizeSatA yaha hai ki ina saiddhAntika ko arjita karane vAlA, 2. sAmAnya ziSTAcAra kA pAlana karane vAlA, granthoM meM unhoMne saMskRta bhASA ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke 3. samAna kula aura zIla vAlI anya gotra kI kanyA se vivAha karane upekSita vyAkaraNa kI bhI carcA kii| ina siddhAntoM ke prAyogika pakSa ke vAlA, 4. pApabhIru, 5. prasiddha dezAcAra kA pAlana karane vAlA, 6.nindA liye unhoMne saMskRta-prAkRta meM dvayAzraya jaise mahAkAvya kI racanA kI hai| kA tyAgI, 7. aise makAna meM nivAsa karane vAlA jo na to adhika khulA hemacandra mAtra sAhitya ke hI vidvAn nahIM the apitu dharma aura darzana ke ho na ati gupta, 8. sadAcArI vyaktiyoM ke satsaMga meM rahane vAlA, 9. kSetra meM bhI unakI gati nirbAdha thii| darzana ke kSetra meM unhoMne mAtA-pitA kI sevA karane vAlA, 10. azAnta tathA upadrava yukta satsaMga- anyayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA, ayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA aura pramANamImAMsA sthAna ko tyAga dene vAlA, 11. nindanIya kArya meM pravRtti na karane vAlA, jaise praur3ha grantha race to dharma ke kSetra meM yogazAstra jaise sAdhanApradhAna grantha 12. Aya ke anusAra vyaya karane vAlA, 13. sAmAjika pratiSThA evaM kI bhI racanA kii| kathAsAhitya meM unake dvArA racita triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita samRddhi ke anusAra vastra dhAraNa karane vAlA, 14. buddhi ke ATha guNoM kA apanA viziSTa mahattva hai| hemacandra ne sAhitya, kAvya, dharma aura darzana se yukta, 15. sadaiva dharmopadeza kA zravaNa karane vAlA, 16. ajIrNa jisa kisI vidhA ko apanAyA, use eka pUrNatA pradAna kii| unakI isa ke samaya bhojana kA tyAga karane vAlA, 17. bhojana ke avasara para vipula sAhityasarjanA kA hI pariNAma thA ki unheM kalikAlasarvajJa kI svAsthyaprada bhojana karane vAlA, 18. dharma, artha aura kAma ina tInoM vargoM upAdhi pradAna kI gyii| kA paraspara virodha-rahita bhAva se sevana karane vAlA, 19. yathAzakti sAhitya ke kSetra meM hemacandra ke avadAna ko samajhane ke liye atithi, sAdhu evaM dIna-duHkhiyoM kI sevA karane vAlA, 20. mithyA- unake dvArA racita granthoM kA kiMcit mUlyAMkana karanA hogaa| yadyapi hemacandra AgrahoM se sadA dUra rahane vAlA, 21. guNoM kA pakSapAtI, 22. niSiddha ke pUrva vyAkaraNa ke kSetra meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA apanA mahattva thA, dezAcAra aura kAlAcAra kA tyAgI, 23. apane balAbala kA samyak jJAna usa para aneka vRttiyA~ aura bhASya likhe gae, phira bhI vaha vidyArthiyoM ke
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - liye durbodha hI thaa| vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana kI naI, sahaja evaM bodhagamya jAne ke uddezya kA patA calA to, na kevala ve pATaNa se prasthAna kara praNAlI ko janma dene kA zreya hemacandra ko hai| vaha hemacandra kA hI prabhAva gae apitu unhoMne apane ziSya ko adhyAtma-sAdhanA se vimukha ho thA ki paravartIkAla meM brAhmaNa-paramparA meM isI paddhati ko AdhAra banAkara lokaiSaNA meM par3ane kA ulAhanA bhI diyA aura kahA ki laukika pratiSThA grantha likhe gae aura pANini ke aSTAdhyAyI kI praNAlI paThana-pAThana se arjita karane kI apekSA pAralaukika pratiSThA ke liye bhI kucha prayatna kro| dhIre-dhIre upekSita ho gyii| hemacandra ke vyAkaraNa kI eka vizeSatA to jainadharma kI aisI prabhAvanA bhI jisake kAraNa tumhArA apanA AdhyAtmika yaha hai ki AcArya ne svayaM usakI vRtti meM katipaya zikSA-sUtroM ko uddhRta vikAsa hI kuMThita ho jAya tumhAre liye kisa kAma kI? kahA jAtA hai kiyA hai| unake vyAkaraNa kI dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unameM saMskRta ki guru ke isa ulAhane se hemacandra ko apanI mithyA mahattvAkAMkSA kA ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta ke vyAkaraNa bhI diye gae haiN| vyAkaraNa ke samAna bodha huA aura ve antarmugva ho adhyAtma sAdhanA kI ora prerita hue|16 hI unake kozagrantha, kAvyAnuzAsana aura chandAnuzAsana jaise sAhityika ve yaha vicAra karane lage ki maiMne lokaiSaNA meM par3akara na kevala apane siddhAnta-grantha bhI apanA mahattva rakhate haiN| triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita aura Apako sAdhanA se vimukha kiyA apitu guru kI sAdhanA meM bhI vighna ddaalaa| pariziSTaparva ke rUpa meM unhoMne jainadharma kI paurANika aura aitihAsika pazcAttApa kI yaha pIr3A hemacandra kI AtmA ko barAbara kacoTatI rahI jo sAmagrI kA jo saMkalana kiyA hai, vaha bhI nizcaya hI mahattvapUrNa hai| yahA~ isa tathya kI sUcaka hai ki hemacandra mAtra sAhityakAra yA rAjaguru hI nahIM unakI yogazAstra, pramANamImAMsA Adi sabhI kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana sambhava the apitu AdhyAtmika sAdhaka bhI the| nahIM hai, kintu paravartI sAhityakAroM dvArA kiyA gayA unakA anukaraNa isa vastutaH hemacandra kA vyaktitva itanA vyApaka aura mahAn hai ki bAta ko siddha karatA hai ki unakI pratibhA se na kevala unakA ziSyamaNDala use samagrata: zabdoM kI sImA meM bA~dha pAnA sambhava nahIM hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, apitu paravartI jaina yA jainetara vidvAn bhI prabhAvita hue| muni zrI usa yuga meM rahakara unhoMne jo kucha socA aura kahA thA vaha Aja bhI puNyavijayajI ne hemacandra kI samagra kRtiyoM kA jo zloka-parimANa diyA prAsaMgika hai| kAza! hama unake mahAn vyaktitva se preraNA lekara hiMsA, hai, usase patA lagatA hai ki unhoMne do lAkha zloka-parimANa sAhitya vaimanasya aura saMgharSa kI vartamAna trAsadI se bhArata ko bacA skte| kI racanA kI hai jo unakI sRjanadharmitA ke mahattva ko spaSTa karatI hai| sAdhaka hemacandra sandarbha hameM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhiye ki eka mahAn sAhityakAra aura 1. hemacandrAcArya (paM0 becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI), pR0 123. prabhAvazAlI rAjaguru hote hue bhI mUlata: hemacandra eka AdhyAtmika sAdhaka 2. AcArya hemacandra (vi0 bhA0 musalagAMvakara), pR0 191. the| yadyapi hemacandra kA adhikAMza jIvana sAhitya-sRjana ke sAtha-sAtha dekheM : mahAdevastotra (AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara), pR0 1-16 gujarAta meM jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra tathA vahA~ kI rAjanIti meM apane prabhAva 4. mahAdevastotra, pR0 44. ko yathAvat banAye rakhane meM bItA, kintu kAlAntara meM guru se ulAhanA yogazAstra, 2/9. pAkarahemacandra kI prasupta adhyAtmaniSThA puna: jAgrata ho gaI thii| kumArapAla vahI, 2/10. ne jaba hemacandra se apanI kIrti ko amara karane kA upAya pUchA to unhoMne 7. vahI, 2/13. do upAya batAe- 1. somanAtha ke mandira kA jIrNodvAra aura 2. samasta 8. vahI, 1/40. deza ko RNamukta karake vikramAditya ke samAna apanA saMvat claanaa| 9. hemacandrAcArya, pR0 53-56. kumArapAla ko dUsarA upAya adhika upayukta lagA kintu samasta deza ko 10. dekheM : mahAvIracaritra (hemacandra), 65-75 (kumArapAla ke sambandha RNamukta karane ke liye jitane dhana kI AvazyakatA thI, utanA usake meM mahAvIra kI bhaviSyavANI). pAsa nahIM thA, ata: usane guru hemacandra se dhana-prApti kA upAya puuchaa| 11. yogazAstra, 284-85. isa samasyA ke samAdhAna hetu yaha upAya socA gayA ki hemacandra ke guru 12. hemacandrAcArya, pR0 77. devacandrasUri ko pATanabula vAyA jAe aura unheM jo svarNasiddhi vidyA prApta 13. vahI, pR0 101-104. hai usake dvArA apAra svarNarAzi prApta karake samasta prajA ko RNamukta 14. yogazAstra, 1/47-56. kiyA jaae| rAjA, apane priya ziSya hemacandra aura pATana ke zrAvakoM ke 15. dekheM : AcArya hemacandra (vi0bhA0 musalagAMvakara), adhyAya 7. Agraha para devacandrasUri pATaNa Ae kintu jaba unheM apane pATaNa bulAe 16. hemacandrAcArya, pR0 13-178.