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________________ AcArya haribhadra ko ATha yoga dRSTiyA~ zrI satIza munijI khAcaroda, (ma0 pra0) vaidika, bauddha aura jaina-tInoM paramparAoM meM yoga kI mahattA svIkAra kI gaI hai / yadyapi prArambha meM isakI paribhASAoM meM kucha antara pratIta hotA thA, para sAtavIM-AThavIM sadI aura usake bAda tabhI dhArAoM ne pataMjala ke yogasUtra ke anusAra adhyAtmaparaka cittavRtti-nirodha kI paribhASA ko svIkAra kiyaa| saMkSepa meM. sabhI paramparAoM meM yoga kA artha, "samasta AtmazaktiyoM kA pUrNa vikAsa karAne vAlI prakriyA" yA "samasta AtmaguNoM ko anAvRta karane vAlI AtmAbhimakhI sAdhanA" samajhanA cAhiye / ___ kuMdakuMda, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, siddhasena Adi sabhI pramukha jaina AcAryoM ne dhyAna ke rUpa meM yoga kA hI varNana kiyA hai| isake pUrva samavAyAMga meM 32 prazasta yogoM tathA uttarAdhyayana meM saMvega se lekara akarmatA taka 73 padoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| varNana kI dRSTi se yaha pataMjala-vivaraNa se bhinna pratIta hotA hai, para bhAva aura artha kI dRSTi se donoM meM paryApta samarUpatA hai| uttaravartI kAla meM haribhadra, hemacaMdra, zubhacaMdra tathA yazovijaya gaNi ke yoga vivaraNa mukhyataH pataMjala yoga para AdhArita haiM / ina sabhI ke varNanoM kI apanI-apano vizeSatA hai / yaha vizeSatA hI ina AcAryoM kI maulikatA hai / jainAcAryoM meM AThavIM sadI ke pramukha AcArya haribhadra ( 700-770 I0 ) sarvaprathama haiM, jinhoMne patajala kA anusaraNa kara yoga viSayaka cAra prantha likhe haiM : yogabindu, yogadRSTi samuccaya, yogazAstra aura yoga vizikA / inake SoDazaka meM bhI kucha prakaraNa yoga se sambandhita hai, para inakA varNana uparokta cAra granthoM meM samAhita ho jAtA hai| inameM prathama do atha saMskRta meM hai aura zeSa do prAkRta bhASA meM haiN| yogabindu meM 527 zloka haiM, yogadRSTi samuccaya meM 227 zloka, yogazataka meM nAma ke anusAra 100 tathA yoga vizikA meM 20 gAthAe~ haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne yogadRSTi samuccaya meM yoga ke vivaraNa meM yogadRSTiyoM kI apekSA vivecanA kI hai| yaha vivecanA unakI maulikatA kA pratIka hai| unhoMne icchA yoga, zAstra yoga evaM sAmarthya yoga ke rUpa meM yoga prakriyA ke tIna stara batAye hai aura yoga sanyAsa ko mukti kA kAraNa kahA hai| haribhadra ne mAnava kI satya se sambandhita dhAraNAoM ko 'dRSTi' kahA hai / ajJAnakAla kI avasthA 'ogha dRSTi yA sahaja dRSTi' tathA jJAnakAla kI avasthA 'yogadRSTi yA samyagdaSTi' kahalAtI hai| unhoMne aSTAMga yoga ke varNana ke bAda usase prApta hone vAlI ATha prakAra kI daSTiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / aSTAMga yoga ke pracalita nAma nimna hai : (1) yama : ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha / (2) niyama : zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya, Izvara-praNidhAna / (3) Asana : vaise to Asana aneka prakAra ke batAye gaye haiM, lekina unameM 84 vivecanIya haiN| inameM bhA siddhAsana, padmAsana, svastikAsana, siMhAsana-ina cAra ko pramukha mAnA hai /
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________________ 18. paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa (4) prANAyAma : prANAyAma meM sahAyaka nimna kriyAe~ anuSTheya haiM : neti, dhauti, nauli, gharSaNa ( kapAlabhAti ) aura trATaka / inheM SaTkarma kahate haiN| prANAyAma ke 9 bheda haiM : lobha viNema, sUryabhedana, ujjayI, zItakArI, zItalo, bhastrikA, mUrchA, bhrAmaNI aura praavnii| prANAyAma meM nau prakAra kI viziSTa mudrAeM hotI haiM : mahAmudrA, mahAbaMdha, mahAvedha, viparItakaraNo, tAr3ana, paridhAnayukta paricAlana, zakticAlana, khecarI aura bajrolI / aSTAMga yoga ke ye cAra aMga zrama (haTha ) sAdhya hone se inheM haTha yoga ko saMjJA bhI dI jAtI hai| (5) pratyAhAra (6) dhAraNA : isakI dRr3hatA meM sahAyaka nimna mudrAe~ anuSTheya haiM : agocaro, bhUcaro, cAcaro, zAmbhavo, unmatI, kuMbhaka / (7) dhyAna : sAlaMbana dhyAna, nirAlaMbana dhyAna / (8) samAdhi: saMprajJAta aura asaMprajJAta / . aSTAMga yoga ke ina cAra aMgoM ko saMjJA 'rAjayoga' hai| eka ho viSaya yA lakSya para dhyAna, dhAraNA aura samAdhi ke nikSepita karane para tritayo ko 'saMyama' kahA jAtA hai| yoga ke uparokta aSTAMgoM ke varNana ke sAtha, haribhadra ne yaugika vikAsa evaM karma-mala ke kSaya tathA samyag dRSTi kI prApti ke ATha caraNa batAye haiM / ina caraNoM meM kramika Atmazodhana hotA hai| ina caraNoM ko 'dRSTi' kahA gayA hai / yoga se sambandhita hone se inheM 'yoga dRSTi' kahate haiN| inakI saMkhyA bhI ATha hai-mitrA, tArA, balA, diprA, sthirA, kAntA, prabhA aura praa| inakA svarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki ye dRSTi yA~ sat-dRSTA puruSa ko dRSTi ko vizadatA evaM nirmalatA ke vikAsa kI kramika pratIka hai| inako uttarottara sUkSmatA evaM tIkSNatA ko samajhAne ke liye unhoMne . inakI tulanA sahaja upalabdha vadArthoM ko prabhA camaka (aura usake srAta aura prabhAva) se kI hai| unhoMne batAyA hai ki ATha yoga dRSTiyA~ kramazaH ghAsa, kanDe, kASTa kI agni kI camaka, dIpa, ratna, tAraka, sUrya aura candra ko AbhA ke samAna hotI hai| ina dRSTiyoM se kheda, udvega, kSepa, utthAna, bhrAnti, anyamuda, ruk aura AsaMga nAmaka ATha doSa dUra hote haiM aura adveSa, jijJAsA, suzraSA, zravaNa, bodha, momAMsA, parizuddha pratipatti evaM prasi nAmaka sadagaNoM kA sahacAra hAtA hai| para dRSTiyA~ bhraMzayukta haiN| inheM prApta kara vyakti isase bhraSTa bhI ho sakatA hai| patana hotA hI ho, aisA nahIM hai / patana kI sambhAvanA ke kAraNa ye cAra dRSTiyAM sApAya-apAya yA bAdhAyukta kahIM jAtI hai| zeSa dRSTiyA~ bAdhA rahita hai / yoga dRSTi samuccaya ke anusAra inakA varNana yahAM diyA jA rahA hai| 1. mitrA dRSTi-isa dRSTi ke prApta hone para sAdhaka sat zraddhA kA Ara unmukha hAtA hai, use bodha to hotA hai para vaha maMdatA liye rahatA hai / mitrA dRSTi vAlA sAdhaka yoga ke prathama aga, yama ke vividha rUpoM kA prArambhika abhyAsa kara letA hai / vyakti AtmAnnati ke acUka hetubhUta yoga vojoM kA svIkAra karatA hai / mitrA dRSTi meM darzana moha, sithyAtva yA avidyA ke viparyAsa meM AtmaguNoM kA sphuraNa tathA antarvikAsa kI dizA meM prathama udvelana hotA hai| yaha adhyAtma vikAsa ko yathAvRttikaraNa guNasthAna kI avasthA kA pramukhatA kA pratIka hai| yaha AdhyAtmaka yoga kI pahalI dazA hai jisameM dRSTi pUrNataH to samyaka nahIM ho pAtI para yahA~ se antarjAgaraNa evaM guNAtmaka pragati kI yAtrA kA zubhArambha ho jAtA hai / isa dRSTi meM guNiyoM ke prati Adara, anukaraNa, dukhiyoM ke prati karuNA evaM satkAryoM ke prati rujhAna utpanna hotA hai| 2. tArA dRSTi-isase yoga kA dUsarA aMga-niyama-sadhatA hai| zoca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya aura Atma cintana jIvana meM phalita hote haiN| Atmahita kI pravRtti meM utsAha evaM tatvonmukhI jijJAsA utpanna hoto hai / isa dRSTi
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________________ 3] AcArya haribhadra ko ATha yoga dRSTi 182 meM sAdhaka yoga carcA meM nirantara abhiruci liye rahatA hai| vaha yoganiSTha yogiyoM kA niyamapUrvaka bahumAna karatA hai aura unakI yathAzakti sevA ke liye tatpara rahatA hai| sevA se yogiyoM kA anugraha milatA hai, zraddhA kA vikAsa hotA hai, Atmahita kA udaya hotA hai, kSudra upadrava miTa jAte haiM aura sAdhaka ziSTajanoM se mAnya hotA hai / tArA dRSTi ke sAdhaka ko janma maraNa rUpa AvAgamana kriyA kA atyaMta bhaya nahIM hotaa| anajAne meM usase koI anucita kriyA nahIM hotI / vaha mana meM dveSa bhAva nahIM lAtA hai| vaha sAtvika ciMtana kI ora kramazaH bar3hatA hai| 3. balA dRSTi - isase yoga kA tIsarA aMga Asana sAdhatA hai| isameM sukhAsana yukta dRr3ha darzana prApta hotA hai / tatva zravaNa kI tIbra icchA jAgatI haiM evaM sAdhanA meM akSepa-kSepa nAmaka doSa nahIM Ane pAtA / isa dRSTi ke vikAsa se asat padArthoM ke prati tRSNA kI sahaja pravRtti zUnya ho jAtI hai| sAdhaka sarvatra sukhamayatA kA anubhava karane lagatA hai / sAdhaka ke jIvana meM sthiratA kA aisA sukhada samAveza hotA hai ki usakI samasta kriyAyeM nirvAdha hone lagatI haiN| usake sAre kArya mAnasika sAvadhAnI liye rahate haiN| balA dRSTi ke vikAsa se yogI ke dhyAna, cintana, manana Adi zubha kAryoM meM vikSepa nahIM aataa| vaha zubha samArambhamaya upakrama meM kuzalatA prApta karatA jAtA hai| vaha sAdhya prApti ke lakSya ko aura sadaiva prayAsarata rahatA hai| vaha pApapUrNa pravRttiyoM kA parityAga kara detA hai| isase yAga sAdhanA meM Ane vAle vighnoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| isake phalasvarUpa utkRSTa Atma-abhyudaya sapatA hai| isameM antaratama meM aise prazAnta rasa kA sacatA hai, kevala bAharI kAnoM se ho para sUkSma bAdha prApta karanA 4. diprA dRSTi-isase yoga kA cauthA aMga prANAyAma sadhatA hai| sahaja pravAha bahatA rahatA hai ki vitta yoga se virata ho nahIM hotaa| isase tatva va nahIM, apitu antaHkaraNa se yaha rUci hAtA hai / isameM antagrahakatA kA bhAva to udita hAtA hai, abhI bAkI rahatA hai | diprA dRSTi ke sAdhaka kA mAnasika aura bauddhika stara itanA U~cA ho jAtA hai ki vaha dharma ko nizcita rUpa se prANoM se bar3hakara samajhatA hai| prANaghAtaka saMkaTa Ane para bhI vaha dharma kA nahIM chodd'taa| yaha sAdhaka sAtvika bhAvoM se AplAvita ho jAtA hai| vaha tatvaraNa ke mAdhyama se apane kalyANa ke prati sajaga rahatA hai| isase gurubhakti rUpa sukha prApta hotA hai| isase laukika aura pAralaukika donoM hita saMghate haiN| - 5. sthirA dRSTi- isa dRSTi se yoga kA pratyAhAra aMga saghatA hai| zruta, tarka aura AtmAnubhava se zraddhA dRr3ha hotI hai syAhAra se sva-sva-viSayoM ke sambandha se virata hokara indriyA~ aura citta svarUpAnusAra pratIta hone lagatI hai| isase sAdhaka ke dvArA kiye jAne vAle kRtya, nirdhAnta nirdoSa tathA sUkSma bodhayukta hote haiN| isa dRSTi meM vedya-saMvedha pada kI pradhAnatA A jAtI hai| yaha dRSTi do prakAra kI mAnI gayI hai-niraticAra aura sAticAra niraticAra dRSTi meM aticAra yA vighna nahIM Ane paate| isameM zraddhA pratipAtarahita evaM avasthita rahatI hai| sAticAra dRSTi meM darzana anitya tathA anavasthita rahatA hai| sthirA dRSTi ke sAdhaka samyaka dRSTi puruSa ke ajJAnAndhakAra kI granthi kA vibhedana ho jAtA hai| ataH use samasta gAMsArika beSTAyeM bAlakoM dvArA kheloM meM banAye jAte ghara ke samAna pratIta hotI hai| ina dRSTi ke yogI meM zAsana- prasUta viveka jAgRta hotA hai vaha deha, ghara, parivAra, vaibhava Adi vAhya bhAvoM ko mRgatRSNA, gandharva nagara yA kalpanA ke rUpa meM mAnatA hai| use sAsArika bhAvoM ko vAstavikatA kA tathya satyapUrNa darzana ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi meM svapara bheda vijJAna prApta vivekI evaM pArasA pratyAhAra parAyaNa hote haiM aura dhanarAdhanA meM Ane vAlI bAdhAoM ke parihAra meM prayatnazIla rahate haiM / 6. kAMtA dRSTi- isa dRSTi meM samyak darzana avicchinna ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi meM sthita yogI dharma ko mahimA tathA samyaka AcAra kI vizuddhi ke kAraNa sabhI ko priya hotA hai| yaha dharmamaya ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi ke yogI kI Atmaparma bhAvanA itanI dRr3ha hotI hai ki vaha zarIra anyAnya kAryoM meM lage rahane para bhI mana se sadaiva sadgurupravINa Agama meM tallIna rahatA hai / vaha sahaja svabhAvo jJAna se yukta hokara sadaiva AtmabhAva kI Ara AkRSTa rahatA hai / vaha se
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________________ 182 50 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa anAsakta ho jAtA hai| isase sAMsArika bhoga use janma-maraNa cakra meM bhaTakAne vAle nahIM hote / isa dRSTi meM sthita sAdhaka sadaiva tatvacintana tathA tatvamImAMsA meM lagA rahatA hai| isase vaha moha vyApta nahIM hotaa| use yathArtha bodha prApta ho jAne se usakA uttarottara Atmahita saghatA hai / 7. prabhA dRSTi-prabhA dRSTi pratyakSataH dhyAna priya hai| isameM yogI prAyaH dhyAnarata rahatA hai / isameM yoga kA sAtavAM aMga dhyAna sadhatA hai| rAga, dveSa, moha-tridoSa rUpa bhAva roga yahAM bAdhA nahIM dete| yahAM tatvamImAMsaka yogo ko tatvAnubhUti prApta hotI hai / usakA jhukAva sahaja satpravRtti kI ora rahatA hai / isa dRSTi meM dhyAna janya sukha kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha rUpa, zabda, sparza Adi kAma-viSayoM kA jItane vAlA hai| yaha dhyAna-sukha viveka bala kI tobratA se utpanna hotA hai / isameM prazAMta bhAva kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| isakI satpravRtti kI saMjJA asaMgAnuSThAna kahalAtI hai| yaha cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai : prIti, bhakti, vacana aura asaMga / samagra prakAra ke saMga, Asakti yA saMsparza se rahita AtmAnacaraNa asaMgAnuSThAna hai| ise anAlambana yoga bhI kahA jAtA hai / isase zAzvata pada prApta hotA hai| yaha mahApatha prayANa kA antima pUrvabindu hai| 8. parAdRSTi-isase yoga kA AThavAM aMga-samAdhi-sadhatA hai| isameM a-saMmatA pUrNa hotI hai / isameM Atmatatva kI sahaja anubhUti hotI hai / tadanurUpa hI sahaja pravRtti evaM AcaraNa hotA hai / isameM citta pravRtti sthira ho jAtI hai aura usameM koI vAsanA nahIM rhtii| isa dRSTi meM yogI niraticAra hotA hai / vaha ucca avasthA prApta yogI hotA hai aura AtmavikAsa kI carama avasthA prApta karatA hai / vaha sarvajJa, savadarzI evaM ayogI ho jAtA hai / ___ inhIM daSTiyoM ke tAratamya meM haribhadra ne yogiyoM ko cAra koTiyoM meM vargIkRta kiyA hai : gotra yogI, kulayogo, pravRttacakra yogI evaM niSpanna yogii| prathama zreNI ke yogo kabhI pUrNa AtmalAbha nahIM kara sakate aura caturtha zreNo ke yogI AtmalAbha kara cuke haiM / phalataH yoga vidyA kevala dvitIya evaM tRtIya zreNI ke lie hI mAnI jAtI hai| prazaMsanIya jisa prakAra maMtrI se rahita rAjya, zastra se rahita senA, jisa prakAra netra se rahita mukha, megha serahita varSA, udAratArahita dhanI, jisa prakAra ghI-bina bhojana, zIla bina strI, pratApa bina rAjA, jisa prakAra bhakti bina ziSya, dAMta bina hAthI, pratimA bina mandira. jisa prakAra vegarahita ghor3A, candrarahita rAtri, gandharahita puSpa, jisa prakAra jalarahita sarobara, chAyArahita vRkSa, guNarahita putra, jisa prakAra cAritrarahita muni prazaMsanIya nahIM hotA, usI prakAra, dharma bina manuSya bhI prazaMsanIya nahIM hotaa| dharma kAmadhenu hai, cintAmaNi hai, kalpavRkSa hai, avinAzI nidhi hai, dharmalakSmI kA vazIkaraNa mantra hai, zreSTha devatA hai, sukha saritA kA srota hai / -sarvopayogilekhasaMgraha