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________________ AtmA aura karma AtmA aura karma kA sambandha kaise hotA hai, isa sambandha meM tIna prakAra ke vicAra upalabdha hote haiM--pahalA hai nIra-kSIravat / jaise jala aura dugdha paraspara milakara ekameka ho jAte hai, vaise hI karma pudgala ke paramANu prAtma-pradezoM ke sAtha saMzliSTa ho jAte haiN| dUsarA vicAra hai-~agnilohapiNDavat / jisa prakAra loha-piNDa ko agni meM DAla dene se usake kaNa-kaNa meM agni parivyApta ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke asaMkhyAta pradezoM meM ananta-ananta karmavargaNA ke karma dalika sambaddha ho jAte haiM, saMzliSTa ho jAte haiN| tIsarA vicAra hai--- sarpa-keMculIvat / jisa prakAra sarpa kA usakI keMculI ke sAtha sambandha hotA hai, usI prakAra AtmA kA bhI karma ke sAtha sambandha hotA hai| yaha tRtIya mAnyatA jaina-paramparA ke hI eka vidrohI vicAraka sAtaveM nihnava goSThAmAhila kI hai| jaina-darzana meM aura karma-granthoM meM isa mAnyatA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jIva aura karma ke sambandha ko ThIka taraha samajhane ke lie agni-lohapiNDa kA udAharaNa hI sarvottama udAharaNa hai| karma aura usakA phala : hama dekhate haiM ki saMsAra meM jitane bhI jIva haiM, ve do hI prakAra ke karma karate haiM--zubha aura azubha, acchA aura burA / karma-zAstra ke anusAra zubha-karma kA phala acchA hotA hai aura azubha-karma kA phala burA hotA hai| Azcarya hai ki sabhI prANI acche yA bure karma karate haiM, para bure karma kA duHkha rUpa phala koI jIva nahIM caahtaa| saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI sUkha to cAhatA hai, kintu duHkha koI nahIM cAhatA / astu, yahA~ eka prazna uThatA hai ki jaba karma svayaM jar3a hai, vaha cetana nahIM hai, taba vaha phala kaise de sakatA hai ? kyoMki cetana kI binA preraNA ke phala-pradAna karanA saMbhava nahIM ho sktaa| aura, yadi svayaM karma-kartA cetana hI usakA phala bhoga letA hai, to vaha sukha to bhoga sakatA hai, parantu vaha duHkha svayaM kaise bhogegA ? duHkha to koI bhI nahIM caahtaa| ataH karmavAdI anya dArzanikoM ne karma-phala kA bhoga karAne vAlA Izvara mAnA hai| parantu jaina-dArzanika isa prakAra ke Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| phira, yahA~ prazna yaha uThatA hai ki jaina-darzana meM karma-phala-bhoga kI kyA vyavasthA rahegI? isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai ki--prANI apane azubha karma kA phala nahIM cAhatA, yaha ThIka hai, para yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanI cAhie ki cetana-pAtmA ke saMsarga se acetana karma meM eka aisI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisase karma apane zubhAzubha phala ko niyata samaya para svayaM hI prakaTa kara detA hai| jaina-darzana yaha nahIM mAnatA ki jar3a karma cetana ke saMsarga ke binA bhI phala dene meM samartha hai| caitanya se spaSTa karma svayaM hI apanA phala pradAna karane kA sAmarthya rakhatA hai| prANI jaise bhI karma karate haiM, unakA phala unheM unhIM karmoM dvArA svataH mila jAtA hai| jisa prakAra jIbha para mirca rakhane ke bAda usakI tiktatA kA anubhava svataH hotA hai, vyakti ke na cAhane se mirca kA svAda nahIM Ae, yaha nahIM ho sktaa| usa mirca ke tIkhepana kA anabhava karAne ke lie kisI anya cetana-mAtmA yA paramAtmA kI koI aAvazyakatA nahIM pdd'tii| yahI bAta karma-phala bhogane ke viSaya meM bhI samajha lenI caahie| AtmA aura karma 53 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ aura azubha karma 1:3 jaina darzana ke anusAra karma-vargaNA ke pudgala paramANu loka meM sarva bhare haiN| unameM zubhatva aura azubhatva kA bheda nahIM hai, phira karma pudagala paramANuyoM meM zubhatva evaM azubhatva kA bheda kaise paidA ho jAtA hai ? isakA uttara yaha hai -- jIva apane zubha aura azubha pariNAmoM ke anusAra karma-vargaNA ke dalikoM ko zubha evaM prazubha meM pariNata svarUpa ko hI grahaNa karatA hai / isa prakAra jIva ke pariNAma evaM vicAra hI, karmoM kI zubhatA evaM prazubhatA ke kAraNa haiM / isakA artha yaha hai ki karma-pudgala svayaM apane Apa meM zubha aura azubha nahIM hotA, balki jIva kA pariNAma hI use zubha evaM azubha banAtA hai| dUsarA kAraNa hai, grAzraya kA svabhAva | karma ke zrAzrayabhUta baddha saMsArI jIva kA bhI yaha vaibhAvika svabhAva hai ki vaha karmoM ko zubha evaM zubha rUpa meM pariNata karake hI grahaNa karatA hai| isI prakAra karmoM meM bhI kucha aisI yogyatA rahatI hai ki ve zubha evaM azubha pariNAma sahita jIva dvArA grahaNa kie jAkara hI, zubha evaM zubha rUpa meM pariNata hote rahate haiM, badalate rahate haiM evaM parivartita hote rahate haiM / pudgala kI zubha se prazubha rUpa meM aura azubha se zubha rUpa meM parigati kA krama sadA calatA rahatA hai / prakRti, sthiti aura anubhAga kI vicitratA tathA pradezoM ke alpa-bahutva kA bhI bheda jIva karma-grahaNa ke samaya hI karatA hai| isa tathya ko samajhane ke lie AhAra kA eka dRSTAnta yahA~ upasthita hai / sarpa aura gAya ko prAyaH eka jaisA hI bhojana evaM prAhAra diyA jAe, kintu una donoM kI pariNati vibhinna prakAra kI hotI hai / kalpanA kIjie, sarpa aura gAya ko eka sAtha aura eka jaisA dUdha pIne ke lie diyA gayA, vaha dUdha sarpa ke zarIra meM viSa rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai aura gAya ke zarIra meM dUdha, dUdha rUpa meM hI pariNata hotA hai| aisA kyoM hotA hai ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna svataH spaSTa hai ki AhAra kA yaha svabhAva hai ki vaha apane zubha zraya ke anusAra hI pariNata hotA hai| eka hI samaya par3I varSA kI bU~doM kA prAzraya ke bheda se, bhinna-bhinna pariNAma dekhA jAtA hai| jaise ki svAti nakSatra meM girI bU~deM sIpa ke mukha meM jAkara motI bana jAtI haiM aura sarpa ke mukha meM viSa / yaha to huI bhinna-bhinna zarIroM meM prAhAra kI vicitratA kI bAta, kintu eka zarIra meM bhI eka jaise prahAra ke dvArA prApta bhinna-bhinna pariNAmoM kI vicitratA dekhI jA sakatI haiN| zarIra dvArA grahaNa kiyA huA eka hI AhAra asthi majjA, rakta, vIrya evaM mala-mUtra Adi ke acche-bure vividha rUpoM meM pariNata hotA rahatA hai| isI prakAra karma bhI jIva ke zubhAzubha bhAvAnurUpa grahaNa kie jAne para zubha evaM zubha rUpa meM pariNata hote rahate haiM / eka hI kArmANa pudgala vargaNA meM vibhinnatA kA ho jAnA siddhAnta bAdhita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / jIva kA karma se anAdi sambandha : zrAtmA cetana hai aura karma jar3a hai| phira yahA~ prazna yaha uThatA hai--cetana AtmA kA jar3a-karma ke sAtha sambandha kaba se hai ? isake samAdhAna meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai --karma-santati AtmA ke sAtha anAdi kAla se saMbaMdha hai / yaha nahIM batAyA jA sakatA ki jIva se karma kA sarva prathama saMbaMdha kaba aura kaise huA ? zAstra meM kahA gayA hai ki jIva sadA kriyAzIla rahatA hai / vaha pratikSaNa mana, vacana aura kAya se ekatAbaddha ho vibhinna vyApAroM meM pravRtta rahatA hai / ataH vaha hara samaya karma-baMdha karatA hI rahatA hai| isa prakAra kisI amuka karma vizeSa kI dRSTi se AtmA ke sAtha karma kA saMbaMdha sAdi hI kahA jA sakatA hai / parantu, karmasantati ke satata pravAha kI apekSA se jIva ke sAtha karma kA sambandha anAdi kAla se calA zrA rahA hai / pratikSaNa purAne karma kSaya hote rahate haiM aura naye karma baMdhate rahate haiM / yadi karma-santati ko kisI eka dina prArambha honevAlI sAdi mAna liyA jAe, to phira jIva karma sambandha se pUrva siddha, buddha, mukta dazA meM rahA hai| yadi zuddha aura mukta rahA hai, to phira vaha karma se lipta kaise ho gayA ? yadi apane zuddha svarUpa meM sthita jIva bhI karma se lipta ho sakatA hai, to siddha aura mukta zrAtmA bhI punaH karma se lipta kyoM nahIM ho jAtI ? pannA samikkha dhammaM 54 .
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________________ isa prakAra saMsAra aura mokSa kA koI mahattva na rahegA, koI vyavasthA na rhegii| isake atirikta karma-santati ko sAdi mAnane vAloM ko bhI yaha batAnA hogA. ki kaba se karma yaatmaa| ke sAtha lage aura kyoM lage? isa prakAra kisI prakAra kA samAdhAna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ina saba tarkoM se yahI siddha hotA hai ki AtmA ke sAtha karma kA anAdi-kAla se saMbaMdha hai| karma-bandha ke kAraNa : __yadi yaha mAna liyA jAe ki jIva ke sAtha karma kA anAdi sambandha hai| parantu, phira isa tathya ko svIkAra karane para yaha prazna sAmane AtA hai, yaha bandha kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? ukta prazna ke samAdhAna meM karma-granthoM meM do abhimata upalabdha hote haiM--pahalA, karmabandha ke pA~ca kAraNa mAnatA hai--1. mithyAtva, 2. avirati, 3. pramAda, 4, kaSAya aura 5. yoga / dUsarA, karma-bandha ke kAraNa kevala do mAnatA hai--kaSAya aura yog| yahA~ para yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki kaSAya meM mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| ataH saMkSepa kI dRSTi se karma-baMdha ke hetu do aura vistAra kI apekSA se karma-bandha ke hetu pA~ca hai| donoM abhimatoM meM koI maulika bheda nahIM hai| ___ karma-granthoM meM bandha ke cAra bheda batAe gae haiM-prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza / ' inameM se prakRti---karma kA apanA phala pradAna rUpa svabhAva aura pradeza-karma-pudgaloM kA dala, inakA bandha yoga se hotA hai tathA karma kI sthiti aura usakA tIvra-manda prAdi anubhAga-rasa. kA bandha kaSAya se hotA hai| jisa prakAra makar3I apanI hI pravRtti se apane banAe hue jAle meM phaMsa jAtI hai, usI prakAra yaha jIva bhI apanI rAga-dveSa--kavAya rUpI pravRtti se apane Apako karma-pudgala ke jAla meM phaMsA letA hai| kalpanA kIjie, eka vyakti apane zarIra meM tela lagAkara yadi dhUli meM, miTTI meM leTa jAe, to vaha dhUli-miTTI usake zarIra para cipaka jAtI hai| ataH jisa prakAra se vaha dhUli usake zarIra meM cipaka jAtI hai, ThIka isI prakAra jIva bhI apane snigdha pariNAmoM ke yoga se karma-pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai aura rAga-dveSa rUpa kaSAyabhAva ke kAraNa una karma-dalikoM kA Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha amuka kAla taka saMzleSa ho jAtA hai| vastutaH yahI bandha hai| jaina-darzana ke atirikta anya darzanoM meM mAyA, avidyA, ajJAna aura vAsanA ko karma-bandha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| zabda-bheda aura prakriyA-bheda hone para bhI mUla bhAvanAoM meM maulika bheda nahIM hai| nyAya evaM vaizeSika-darzana meM mithyA-jJAna ko, yoga-darzana meM prakRti aura puruSa ke saMyoga ko, vedAnta meM avidyA evaM ajJAna ko tathA bauddhadarzana meM vAsanA ko karma-bandha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai / karma-bandha se mukti ke sAdhana : bhAratIya-darzana meM jisa prakAra karma-bandha aura karma-bandha ke kAraNa mAne gae haiM, usI prakAra usa karma-bandha se mukti-prApti ke sAdhana bhI batAe gae haiN| mukti, mokSa aura nirvANa prAyaH samAna arthoM meM prayukta hote haiN| bandhana se viparIta dazA ko hI mukti evaM mokSa kahA jAtA hai| yaha satya hai, jIva ke sAtha karma kA pratikSaNa nayA-nayA bandha hotA hai| eka ora purAtana karma apanA phala dekara prAtmA se alaga hote jAte haiM, aura dUsarI ora naye karma pratikSaNa baMdhate rahate haiN| parantu, isakA phalitArtha yaha nahIM nikAla lenA cAhie ki aAtmA kabhI karmoM se mukta hogA hI nhiiN| jaise svarNa aura miTTI paraspara mila kara ekameka ho jAte haiM, kintu tApa Adi kI prakriyA ke dvArA jisa prakAra miTTI ko alaga kara ke zuddha svarNa ko alaga kara liyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra adhyAtma-sAdhanA se prAtmA karma evaM karma-phala se chUTa kara zuddha, buddha evaM mukta ho sakatA hai| yadi AtmA eka bAra karma-vimukta ho jAtA 1. svabhAvaH prakRtiH proktaH, sthiti kAlAvadhAraNam / anubhAvo raso jJeyaH, pradezo dala-saMcayaH / / AtmA aura karma Jain Education Intemational
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________________ hai, to phira kabhI vaha karma-baddha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki karma-bandha ke kAraNabhUta rAga-dveSa rUpa sAdhanoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai| jaise bIja ke sarvathA jala jAne para, usase phira aMkura kI utpatti nahIM hotI, vaise hI karmarUpI bIja ke jala jAne para, usase saMsAra-rUpa sakatI hai, vaha prAtmA eka dina karmoM se vimukta bhI ho sakatI hai| prazna hotA hai--"karma-bandhana se mukti kA upAya kyA hai ?" ukta prazna ke samAdhAna meM jaina-darzana mokSa evaM mukti ke tIna sAdhana evaM upAya batAtA hai--samyak-darzana, samyakjJAna aura samyak cAritra / kahIM para yaha bhI kahA gayA hai--"jAnakriyAbhyAm mokSaH" arthAt jJAna aura kriyA se mokSa kI upalabdhi hotI hai| jJAna aura kriyA ko mokSa kA hat mAnane kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki yahA~ samyaka-dazana ko mAnane se inkAra kara diyaa| janadarzana ke anusAra jahA~ para samyak-jJAna aura samyak-cAritna hotA hai, vahA~ para samyak-darzana avazya hI hotA hai| prAgamoM meM darzana, jJAna aura cAritna ke sAtha tapa ko bhI mokSa-prApti meM kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| isa apekSA se jaina-darzana meM mokSa ke hetu cAra bhI siddha hote haiN| parantu gaMbhIratA se vicAra karane para yaha jJAta hotA hai, ki vAstava meM mokSa ke hetu tIna hI haiM-1. samyak-tattva-zraddhAna, 2. samyak-tattva-jJAna aura 3. samyak-vItarAga- mAcaraNa / baddha karmoM se mukta hone hetu sAdhaka saMvara kI sAdhanA se navIna karmoM ke Agamana ko roka detA hai aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA se pUrva saMcita karmoM ko dhIre-dhIre naSTa kara detA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka karma-bandha se mukti prApta kara letA hai| vastusthiti yaha hai ki karmoM ke zubha-azubha phaloM ke upabhoga-kAla meM sAdhAraNa vyakti zubha-phala meM rAga aura azubha-phala meM dveSa karane lagatA hai, to bhaviSya ke lie phira naye karma bAndha letA hai| yadi sAdhaka bhoga-kAla meM rAga-dveSa se pare hokara taTastha ho jAe, to phira naye karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotaa| naye-purAne sabhI karmoM se mukta hone ke lie vItarAga-bhAvanA pramukha hetu hai| vItarAga-bhAvanA naye karma-bandha ko rokane ke rUpa meM saMvara kA kAma karatI hai, purAtana baddha-karmoM ko kSaya karane ke rUpa meM nirjarA kA bhI kAma karatI hai| pannA samikkhae dhamma