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________________ jAja ke yuga meM mahAvIra kI prAsaMgikatA 0 rikhabarAja karNAvaTa, eDavokeTa saMsAra abhAva, anyAya va ajJAna tIna mukhya burAiyoM se grasta hai / sabhI manuSyoM ko roTI, kapar3A va chappara upalabdha nahIM hai| hamAre deza bhArata meM garIbI kI rekhA, jo sarakAra ne mAnya kI hai, usase nIcA jIvanastara bitAne vAloM kI saMkhyA bahuta adhika hai| kahanA na hogA ki cunAvoM ke samaya va sAdhAraNa avasthA meM bhI hamAre rAjanetA yaha kahate nahIM thakate ki ve yojanAoM dvArA sarvasAdhAraNa ko unakI jIvana jarUrata roTI, kapar3A va makAna kI samasyA ko zIghra hala kreNge| isa AzA se loga tathAkathita netAoM ko apanA voTa dekara pratinidhi cuna lete haiN| vaise pratinidhi paMcAyata, rAjyasarakAroM va kendra sarakAra meM pahu~ca kara sarvasAdhAraNa janatA ko yaha kahanA zuru kara dete haiM ki unake pAsa jAduI cirAga nahIM hai, apane ko U~cA uThAne ke lie janatA ko kaThina parizrama karanA hogA aura dhIrajapUrvaka apane sapane (netAoM ke vAde) sAkAra karane kI AzA rakhanI hogii| hA~, netA loga apanA ghara dhanamAla va aizo-ArAma kI cIjoM se labAlaba bhara lete haiM aura eka naI jAti (sampanna) ke rUpa meM ubhara jAtI hai| apane parivAra va sage sambandhiyoM ko bhI nihAla kara dete haiN| punaH cunAva Ane para eka dina ke lie sarvasAdhAraNa ko janatA-janArdana kahakara unakI AratI utArate haiN| loga bhI usa roja apane ko rAjA samajhane lagate haiN| jaise rAmalIlA meM garIba brAhmaNa kA lar3akA bhagavAn rAmacaMdra kA rUpa dhAraNa kara siMhAsana para TAMga para TAMga rakhakara sajadhaja ke sAtha baiThakara AratI utaravAtA hai| rAmalIlA kI usa rAta kI samApti para TUTI khATa para yA prAMgana para sokara subaha carI lekara pATA mAMgane nikala jAtA hai| yahI hAla hamAre Aja ke prajAtantra meM Ama jana kA hai / ve mAtra rAmalIlA ke rAjA haiN| phira vaise hI jaise pahale the, balki prabhAva dUra hone ke badale unakA prabhAva aura bar3ha jAtA hai| zoSaNakartAoM meM janapratinidhiyoM kI bhArI bharakama saMkhyA jur3a jAtI hai| yojanAe~ abhAvagrasta logoM ke abhAva dUra karane ke lie banAI jAtI haiM jisameM yojanAkAroM va unake amale meM kAphI vyaya ho jAtA hai| phira kriyAnviti, jina aphasaroM, bAbuoM yA tathAkathita janapratinidhiyoM ke mArphata hotI hai, eka bar3A hissA kAnUnI va gairakAnUnI taura para unake peTa meM samA jAtA hai / abhAvagrasta loga to pUrvavat va vasUlI ke samaya pUrva hAlata se badatara hAlata meM cale jAte haiM / bhogapradhAna saMskRti meM adhika upabhoga athavA saMgraha karane vAle bhI prabhAva ko samAja meM bar3hAte haiM , yadyapi ve svayaM bhI antatogatvA aneka prakAra ke du:kha bhogate haiN| isakA nidAna bhagavAna mahAvIra ne saMsAra ko aparigraha kA siddhAnta jIvana meM prayoga kie jAne ke pazcAta anubhavasiddha karake pratipAdita kiyaa| apanI AvazyakatAoM ko kama se kama kara utpAdita vastuoM kA upayoga karane kA saphala prayoga kiyaa| unake jIvanakAla meM dhammo dIvo dhana saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 202 caudaha hajAra sAdhu va chattIsa hajAra sAdhviyA~ sampUrNa rUpa se parigraha ke tyAgI bane to lAkhoM zrAvaka zrAvikAoM ne parigraha kI maryAdA kii| Aja bhI mahAvIra ko mAnane vAle hajAroM sAdhu sAdhvI svayaM aparigrahI haiN| kintu unake tathAkathita zrAvaka zrAvikAyeM isa siddhAnta ko kevala zAbdika nAroM se to mAnatI haiM, para vastutaH ve parigraha meM adhika se adhika ulajhane va bhogaupabhoga kI sAmagrI adhika se adhika anya samAjoM kI bhAMti ikaTThI karane meM lage hue haiN| durbhAgya kI bAta yaha hai ki aparigrahI sAdhu sAdhvI bhI ina seTha sAhUkAroM ke gheroM meM praviSTa hone lage haiM / apratyakSa rUpa meM una aizvaryazAlI vyaktiyoM ko jinameM dhanADhya, rAjanetA va inake dalAla kAryakartAgaNa ko zaha de rahe haiM aura badale meM una logoM se jayajayakAra karavA kara vAhavAhI pAte haiN| jo bhI ho mahAvIra ke isa siddhAnta para AdhArita yojanA hI prabhAva ko dUra kara sama-vitaraNa meM kAragara ho sakatI hai| Aja kI rAzana-praNAlI va aneka prakAra ke niyantraNa sama-vitaraNa ke lie bane haiN| kintu ve vyakti kI svayaM icchA se nahIM, zAsana va kAnUna ke dabAva se haiN| isIlie ve adhikAMza asaphala rahate haiN| mahAvIra kA siddhAnta svecchA se hone ke kAraNa jitanA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai prAyaH pUrNa saphala rahatA hai| vartamAna kAla kI dUsarI bar3I burAI anyAya kI hai| sabala apane svArtha meM andhe hokara nirbaloM ke parizrama ke phala ko hathiyAne meM lage hue haiM, nirbala ise majabUrI se sahana karate haiM / sabaloM kI pUrI vyavasthA nirbaloM ko pazu va nirjIva mAnane kI banI huI hai| unake mana meM nirbaloM ke prati kucha hayA-dayA bhI nahIM hai| nirbaloM ke pAsa zakti nahIM ki ve sabaloM ke pAzavika bala kA mukAbalA kara skeN| isa sthAyI (sAmAjika evaM vyaktigata) anyAya ke pratIkAra ke lie mahAvIra ne ahiMsA kA vyAvahArika darzana saMsAra ko diyaa| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne ahiMsA ko eka amogha astra ke rUpa meM prayoga kiyA va siddhi prApta kii| ahiMsA kA darzana anyAya karane vAle ko anyAya karane se bacAtA hai tathA anyAya sahane vAle ko zaktizAlI banAkara pratIkAra kA avasara detA hai, ataH yaha donoM ke liye hitakara evaM kalyANakArI hai| ahiMsA kI sAdhanA karane vAlA vyakti nirvaira ho jAtA hai| vaha ahiMsA kI zakti ko pAkara nirbhaya bhI ho jAtA hai| mahAvIra ke isa ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kA itanA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra huA ki bar3e-bar3e rAjA-mahArAjA, seTha sAmanta, brAhmaNa, kisAna va achata samajhe jAne vAle logoM ne mahAvIra ke pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kii| mAnavIya guNoM ko vikasita kiyaa| yahA~ taka ki prANimAtra ko hiMsA se dUra rahakara una logoM ne prema, karuNA va zAnti kA sAmrAjya sthApita karane kI aora prayANa kiyA / Aja vizva bhara meM yaha mAnyatA ghara kara rahI hai ki anyAya va utpIr3ana se mukti pAne kA ahiMsA hI ekamAtra prabhAvI astra hai| tIsarI burAI jo vyApta hai vaha ajJAna kI hai| vaise dekhA jAya to jJAna kI koI sImA nahIM hai aura jJAna evaM prajJAna kI madhyarekhA bhI itanI kSINa hotI hai ki jJAna ko ajJAna aura ajJAna ko jJAna bhASita kiyA jAtA hai| sIdhI aura sarala paribhASA kareM to satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA jJAna hai / satya zAzvata hai| satya ananta hai / satya kA sAkSAtkAra kiye jAne para bhI usakA pratipAdana kevala prAMzika rUpa meM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| koI satyadraSTA kisI satyAMza kA pratipAdana apekSita samajhatA hai to koI anya kisI anya satyAMza kA / zabda meM itanI zakti nahIM ki satya ke sabhI paryAyoM kA kathana kara sake / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhinna-bhinna satyAMza hamAre sAmane Ate haiN| ve satyAMza kabhI-kabhI ajJAna bana jAte haiM jaba unheM pUrNa satya
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________________ Aja ke yuga meM mahAvIra kI prAsaMgikatA | 203 mAnakara anya satyAMzoM para vicAra nahIM karane kA Agraha ho jAtA hai| vastu ke aneka svarUpoM meM se kisI eka hI svarUpa ko sahI mAna baiThanA jJAna nahIM prajJAna hai| isI prajJAna ke kAraNa saMsAra meM vAda paidA hote haiM jo kadAgraha ke kAraNa banate haiN| mahAvIra ne ina kadAgrahoM va jhagar3oM ko miTAne ke lie "anekAnta" kA vicAra diyA hai| unhoMne batAyA ki apekSAkRta kisI satyAMza ko pUrNa satya mAnakara jhagar3anA ajJAna hai| jaina vAGamaya ke eka kathAnaka meM chaha andhe prAdamiyoM dvArA hAthI ke bhinna-bhinna avayavoM ko sparza kara hAthI kI bhinna-bhinna kalpanA kara lii| kisI ne hAthI ke dAMta chakara use lakar3I jaisA, kisI ne usakI pUcha chUkara rassI jaisA, kisI ne TAMga chakara khambe jaisA, kisI ne kAna chukara sUpa jaisA, kisI ne suMDa chu kara sA~pa jaisA, aura kisI ne peTa chakara dovAra jaisA btaayaa| Apasa meM jhagar3ate rahe aura eka dUsare ko jhUThA kahate rhe| hAthI ke eka aMga ko hI hAthI smjhaa| sUjhate AdamI ne batAyA ki ve sabhI AMzika rUpa se sahI hone para bhI hAthI kI jAnakArI nahIM pA ske| yahI hAlata Aja ke saMsAra meM vyApta hai| apanI-apanI sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, dhArmika mAnyatAoM ko lekara loga jhagar3a rahe haiN| anekAnta kI dRSTi apanAyI jAya to kalaha va kadAgraha ke sthAna para prema va zAnti kA sAmrAjya sthApita ho jAya / anekAnta kI dRSTi se paraspara sahayoga, sahakAritA, sadbhAva, utpanna hotA hai jisase virodhI dikhane vAle tattvoM meM bhI sahaastitva evaM ekatA kI bhAvanA prakaTa hotI hai / anekAMta ke siddhAMta ko pratipAdita kara mahAvIra ne ajJAna ke andhakAra ko dUra karane kA eka sabala astra saMsAra ko pradAna kara diyaa| aura ajJAna se haTA kara jJAna kI ora agrasara hone kA mArga btaayaa| isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne saMsAra meM vyApta tIna bar3I burAiyoM-abhAva, anyAya va ajJAna ko dUra karane ke lie aparigraha, ahiMsA va anekAMta ke amogha astra pradAna kie| mahAvIra kI yaha dena anokhI hai, isakI pAlanA se hI uparokta burAiyoM kA palAyana saMbhava ho sakatA hai| isIlie mahAvIra kI prAsaMgikatA Aja ke sandarbha meM bhI avichinna rUpa meM hai| ---448 roDa, sI, saradArapurA jodhapura-3 (rAjasthAna) 00 dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai